Fetal Macrosomia ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uburyo bwo kuyivura

Fetal macrosomia bisobanura ko umwana wawe apima ibiro birenga ibyitezwe bitewe n'igihe amaze atwite, akenshi apima ibiro birenga 4000 (8 pounds 13 ounces) avutse. Iyi ndwara igaragara mu gihe cyo gutwita cya 8-10%, kandi nubwo yumvikana nk'ikibazo gikomeye, abana benshi bafite macrosomia bavuka bakize bafashijwe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Tekereza ko umwana wawe akura kurusha ubunini busanzwe bw'abana bavuka mu gihe kimwe cyo gutwita. Ibiro byiyongereye rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma kubyara bigorana, ariko itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gufasha guhamya ko wowe n'umwana wawe mukomeza kubaho neza muri uwo mujyo.

Ibimenyetso bya fetal macrosomia ni ibihe?

Ushobora kutamenya ibimenyetso bigaragara mu gihe cyo gutwita kuko fetal macrosomia imenyekana ahanini binyuze mu bipimo by'ubuvuzi. Ariko rero, umuganga wawe ashobora kubona inda yawe ipima kurusha ibyitezwe bitewe n'igihe cyo gutwita.

Mu bugenzuzi busanzwe bwo gutwita, ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ko umwana wawe akura kurusha ubunini busanzwe:

• Ubunini bw'inda yawe (ubupimo bw'inda) burenga cyane ubunini busanzwe bw'igihe cyo gutwita.
• Ibisubizo by'amajwi byerekana ko ibiro by'umwana wawe birenga 90%.
• Ufite amazi menshi mu nda (polyhydramnios), bishobora gutuma inda yawe yumvikana nk'iyari nini cyane.
• Wumva umwana wawe yigendera cyane kubera ubunini bwe.
• Ushobora kumva umuvuduko mwinshi mu kibuno cyangwa ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka kuko umwana wawe afata umwanya munini.

Ibi bimenyetso ntibibuza ko ari macrosomia, kandi bamwe mu babyeyi batwite abana bakuze ntibagira ibyo babona bitandukanye. Muganga wawe akoresha uburyo bwo gupima no gusuzuma ubuzima kugira ngo abimenye.

Impamvu za fetal macrosomia ni izihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutuma umwana wawe akura kurusha ibyitezwe, diyabete ya nyina ikaba ari yo mpamvu isanzwe. Iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rurenga ubusanzwe, umwana wawe ahabwa glucose nyinshi, ibikwa nk'amavuta kandi bigatuma akura cyane.

Dore impamvu nyamukuru fetal macrosomia ishobora kuvuka:

• Diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa diyabete yari isanzwe igira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe utunganya isukari.
• Amateka yo kubyara umwana munini, ibi bikongera amahirwe mu gihe cyo gutwita gikurikiyeho.
• Urubavu rw'umubyeyi, kuko ibiro byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umwana wawe akura.
• Gutwita igihe kirekire kurenza ibyumweru 42, biha umwana wawe igihe cyo gukura.
• Imyaka y'umubyeyi irenga 35, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'umubiri mu gihe cyo gutwita.
• Amateka y'umuryango wa diyabete cyangwa ivuka rya macrosomia.

Impamvu zidafata cyane ariko zishoboka harimo ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'imiterere y'umubiri n'imikorere y'imisemburo igira ingaruka ku gukura kw'umwana. Muganga wawe azasuzumira amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'ibyago kugira ngo yumve icyaba gitera ubunini bw'umwana wawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera fetal macrosomia?

Ukwiye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe niba ubona inda yawe isa nk'iyari nini cyane bitewe n'igihe cyo gutwita cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bikubabaza. Kugenda kwa muganga buri gihe ni cyo kirinda cyiza kuko macrosomia imenyekana ahanini binyuze mu bipimo n'igenzura bisanzwe.

Tegura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nko kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, umuvuduko mwinshi mu kibuno, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kubyara imburagihe. Muganga wawe ashobora gukora amajwi n'ibindi bipimo kugira ngo akurikirane ubunini bw'umwana wawe kandi ategure ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Niba ufite ibyago nka diyabete cyangwa amateka y'umuryango w'abana bakuze, biganiro n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe hakiri kare mu gihe cyo gutwita. Bashobora gutanga ubugenzuzi buhamye n'ingamba zo kwirinda kugira ngo bafashe gucunga ubunini bw'umwana wawe.

Ibyago bya fetal macrosomia ni ibihe?

Kumva ibyago byawe bifasha wowe n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe gutegura ibyiza bishoboka. Bimwe mu bintu ushobora kugiraho ingaruka binyuze mu mibereho yawe, ibindi bikaba bijyanye n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima cyangwa imiterere yawe.

Dore ibyago nyamukuru byongera amahirwe ya fetal macrosomia:

• Diyabete (ya gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa yari isanzwe) igira ingaruka ku gukura kw'isukari.
• Gutwita mbere kwari ufite umwana munini, kuko iyo migenzo ikunda gusubira.
• Kuba uremererwa cyangwa ufite umubyibuho mbere yo gutwita.
• Imyaka y'umubyeyi irenga imyaka 35.
• Amateka y'umuryango wa diyabete cyangwa abana bakuze.
• Gutwita igihe kirekire kurenza igihe cyo kubyara.
• Ukoresha amwe mu moko, harimo Abahispanike, Abanyamerika kavukire, cyangwa Abanyafurika.

Kugira kimwe cyangwa ibyago byinshi ntibihamya ko umwana wawe azagira macrosomia. Muganga wawe azasuzumira uko uhagaze kugiti cyawe kandi aguhe inama z'ubuvuzi n'ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Ingaruka zishoboka za fetal macrosomia ni izihe?

Nubwo abana benshi bafite macrosomia bavuka bakize, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe wowe n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe mukwiye kwitondera mu gihe cyo kubyara no nyuma yaho. Kumva ibyo bishoboka bifasha buri wese gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kubyara.

Ingaruka zisanzwe mu gihe cyo kubyara harimo:

• Shoulder dystocia, aho amavi y'umwana wawe afunze mu gihe cyo kubyara.
• Imvune zo kubyara nko gucika amagufa mu ijosi cyangwa ukuboko, nubwo ibi bikira neza.
• Kubyara igihe kirekire kubera ubunini bw'umwana wawe bigorana guca mu nzira y'ibyaro.
• Amahirwe yo kubagwa yo kubyara kubera impamvu z'umutekano.
• Kuva amaraso menshi nyuma yo kubyara kubera ibibazo by'inda.

Ku mwana wawe, ingaruka zishoboka zishobora kuba harimo kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nyuma yo kubyara n'urugero rwo hasi rw'isukari mu maraso bisaba ubugenzuzi. Mu bihe bidafata cyane, hashobora kubaho imvune z'imitsi mu gihe cyo kubyara, nubwo byinshi muri ibyo bikira neza igihe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe riteguye neza guhangana n'ibi bibazo kandi rizafata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago mu gihe cyo kubyara.

Fetal macrosomia imenyekanwa gute?

Muganga wawe amenya fetal macrosomia ahanini binyuze mu bipimo by'amajwi bigereranya ibiro by'umwana wawe mbere yo kuvuka. Ibi bipimo bifasha kumenya niba umwana wawe apima ibiro birenga ibyitezwe bitewe n'igihe amaze atwite.

Mu bugenzuzi bwawe bwo gutwita, muganga wawe azapima ubunini bw'inda yawe, ubwo ni urugero kuva ku gitsina cyawe kugeza hejuru y'inda yawe. Niba ubwo bupimo burenga cyane ibyitezwe bitewe n'igihe cyo gutwita, ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byiyongereye.

Ibizamini by'amajwi bitanga amakuru arambuye yerekeye ubunini bw'umwana wawe. Umuhanga apima umutwe w'umwana wawe, igifu, n'igitugu kugira ngo abare ibiro by'umwana. Nubwo ibyo bipimo bishobora kuba bitandukanye na 10-15%, biha itsinda ry'abaganga bawe amakuru akomeye yo gutegura kubyara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gusubiramo ibizamini byawe byo kwihanganira glucose no gukurikirana ibimenyetso bya diyabete, kuko isukari idacungwa neza ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru y'ubunini bw'umwana.

Uburyo bwo kuvura fetal macrosomia ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku gucunga impamvu nyamukuru no gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kubyara kuri wowe n'umwana wawe. Niba diyabete ari yo itera ubunini bw'umwana wawe, gucunga urugero rw'isukari mu maraso bihinduka ikintu cya mbere.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizakorana nawe kugira ngo ritegure gahunda yo gucunga irimo:

• Gukurikirana no gucunga urugero rw'isukari mu maraso niba ufite diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa yari isanzwe.
• Guhindura imirire kugira ngo ubone urugero rw'isukari mu maraso kandi ubone ibiro.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yemewe na muganga wawe.
• Kugenda kwa muganga kenshi kugira ngo ukurikirane ubunini bw'umwana wawe.
• Amajwi yiyongereye kugira ngo ukurikirane uko umwana wawe akura.
• Gutegura kubyara, bishobora kuba harimo kuganira ku kubagwa niba kubyara mu nzira y'ibyaro bigira ibyago.

Muganga wawe azategura kandi ingaruka zishoboka mu gihe cyo kubyara afite itsinda ry'abaganga n'ibikoresho bikwiye. Uburyo bwo kwitegura bifasha guhamya ibyiza bishoboka kuri wowe n'umwana wawe.

Uburyo bwo gucunga fetal macrosomia mu rugo ni buhe?

Gucaunga fetal macrosomia mu rugo ahanini bisobanura gukurikiza amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe yo gucunga isukari mu maraso n'imikorere myiza yo gutwita. Niba ufite diyabete, gukurikirana buri gihe no gukurikiza imiti ni ingenzi mu gucunga ubunini bw'umwana wawe.

Fata ibiryo byuzuye hamwe n'ibice byagenwe, cyane cyane kugabanya ibiryo biryoshye bishobora kongera isukari mu maraso. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rishobora kukwerekeza ku muhanga mu mirire ushobora kugufasha gutegura ifunguro rishigikira ubuzima bwawe n'ubunini bw'umwana.

Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri yemewe na muganga nko kugenda cyangwa koga, bishobora gufasha mu gucunga isukari mu maraso no kwita ku buzima muri rusange mu gihe cyo gutwita. Kora ubugenzuzi bw'imigirire y'umwana wawe kandi ubwira muganga wawe ibyo uhangayikishijwe.

Fata imiti yose yatanzwe nk'uko byategetswe kandi ujye mu bugenzuzi bwose bwo gutwita. Izo ngendo ni ingenzi mu gukurikirana ubunini bw'umwana wawe no guhindura gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga ni ukuhe?

Kwitegura kujya kwa muganga bigufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe hamwe n'umuganga wawe kandi bihamya ko ibibazo byawe byose byakemuwe. Andika ibibazo cyangwa ibimenyetso wabonye kuva ku munsi wawe ushize.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, amavitamini, n'ibindi byuzuza ufashe, hamwe n'ibirobyo byawe by'isukari mu maraso niba ugenzura urugero rw'isukari. Gira amakuru y'ubwisungane bwawe n'ibindi byanditswe by'ubuzima byiteguye.

Tegura kuganira ku mirire yawe, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'ibimenyetso wabonye. Muganga wawe azashaka kumenya ibyahindutse mu migirire y'umwana, ibibazo bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibyo uhangayikishijwe byerekeye ubunini bw'umwana wawe.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu ugushigikira ushobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye no gutanga inkunga mu gihe cyo kuganira ku gutegura kubyara n'ingaruka zishoboka.

Icyingenzi cyo kumenya kuri fetal macrosomia ni iki?

Fetal macrosomia ni indwara ishobora gucungwa igira ingaruka ku gutwita kenshi, kandi ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bukwiye, ababyeyi benshi n'abana bagira ibyiza byinshi. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukorana n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe kugira ngo ukurikirane ubunini bw'umwana wawe kandi utegure uburyo bwiza bwo kubyara.

Niba ufite ibyago nka diyabete, gufata ingamba zo gucunga isukari mu maraso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umwana wawe akura. Ibuka ko kugira umwana munini ntibisobanura ko hazabaho ingaruka, ariko kwitegura bifasha buri wese gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza.

Ishyire icyizere mu buhanga bw'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe kandi ntutinye kubabaza ibibazo bijyanye n'imimerere yawe. Buri gutwita ni ukwihariye, kandi abaganga bawe bazahindura uburyo bwabo kugira ngo baguhe wowe n'umwana wawe ibyiza bishoboka.

Ibibazo byakajya bibazwa kuri fetal macrosomia

Fetal macrosomia ishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo utazibuza ibintu byose bya fetal macrosomia, gucunga diyabete no kugira urugero rwiza rw'isukari mu maraso bigabanya cyane ibyago. Kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yemewe na muganga wawe, no kujya mu bugenzuzi bwose bwo gutwita bifasha kunoza uburyo umwana wawe akura.

Ese nzagomba kubagwa niba umwana wanjye afite macrosomia?

Oya rwose. Abagore benshi bafite abana bafite macrosomia babyara mu nzira y'ibyaro nta kibazo. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nko gupima ibiro by'umwana wawe, ubunini bw'ibyaro byawe, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange kugira ngo aguhugure uburyo bwiza bwo kubyara buhuye n'imimerere yawe.

Ukuri kw'ibiro by'umwana bipimwa n'amajwi ku bana bakuze ni ukuhe?

Ibiro bipimwa n'amajwi bishobora kuba bitandukanye na 10-15% mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, kandi ubwo buryo bwo kwibeshya bugenda bwiyongera ku bana bakuze. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rikoresha ibyo bipimo nk'igikoresho kimwe mu byinshi kugira ngo bategure ubuvuzi bwawe, atari nk'ubuhanuzi bw'ibihe by'ibihe by'umwana wawe.

Ese umwana wanjye azagira ibibazo by'ubuzima niba avutse akomeye?

Abana benshi bafite macrosomia bavuka bakize kandi bakomeza gukura neza. Bamwe bashobora gukenera ubugenzuzi bw'urugero rw'isukari mu maraso nyuma yo kubyara, ariko ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima mu gihe kirekire ntibibaho iyo ubuvuzi bukwiye butanzwe mu gihe cyo kubyara no nyuma yaho.

Kugira umwana umwe munini bisobanura ko abana banjye bose bazakomeza kuba bakuze?

Kugira umwana umwe munini byongera ibyago byo kugira abana bakuze mu gihe kizaza, ariko ntibihamye. Muganga wawe azakurikirana neza gutwita kwawe gutaha kandi ashobora kugutegeka ibizamini bya hakiri kare bya diyabete n'ibindi byago kugira ngo afashe gucunga ubunini bw'umwana.