Eseme ry’Indwara ya GERD: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro n’Ubuvuzi

GERD bivuga indwara y’umwijima uterwa no gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta y’umwijima mu munwa. Iyi mavuta asubira inyuma akangiza uruhu rw’umunwa, bigatera ububabare bwo gutwika ushobora kumenya nk’ububabare bw’umutima.

Tekereza ku munwa wawe nk’umuyoboro utwara ibyo urya kuva mu kanwa kawe kugera mu gifu. Ku mpera y’uyu muyoboro hari igice cy’imikaya cyitwa umukingo wa esophageal, ukora nk’umuryango ufungura uruhande rumwe. Iyo uyu muryango utifunze neza cyangwa ukabura gufunga kenshi, amavuta y’umwijima ava hejuru agatera ibibazo.

Eseme ry’Indwara ya GERD ni iki?

GERD ni indwara y’igogorwa idakira ihangayikisha abantu benshi ku isi. Bitandukanye n’ububabare bw’umutima buriho rimwe na rimwe nyuma yo kurya byinshi, GERD igaragazwa no gusubira inyuma kenshi kw’amavuta y’umwijima, ni ukuvuga byibuze kabiri mu cyumweru.

Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati y’ububabare busanzwe bw’umutima na GERD ni kenshi n’uburemere bwabyo. Nubwo abantu benshi bagira ububabare bw’umutima rimwe na rimwe, GERD bivuga ko ibimenyetso byayo bibangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi cyangwa bikangiza umunwa wawe mu gihe kirekire.

Igifu cyawe gitera amavuta kugira ngo afashe mu kugogora ibyo urya, kandi ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Ariko, aya mavuta agomba kuguma mu gifu cyawe, atava hejuru mu munwa wawe, kuko umunwa wawe udafite uruhu rukomeye nk’urw’igifu cyawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya GERD?

Ibimenyetso bya GERD bishobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu, ariko abantu benshi bagira ibimenyetso byo mu gifu no mu myanya y’ubuhumekero. Reka turebe ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

• Ububabare bw’umutima - ububabare bwo gutwika mu kifuba cyawe, bukunze kuba bubi cyane nyuma yo kurya cyangwa kuryama
• Gusubira inyuma - kumva amavuta cyangwa ibyo urya bisubira mu muhogo cyangwa mu kanwa
• Ububabare mu kifuba bushobora kumera nk’ububabare bw’umutima, ariko busanzwe bufite aho buhuriye no kurya
• Gukomerwa no kurya cyangwa kumva ibyo urya bifunze mu muhogo
• Uburyohe bwa aside cyangwa bwa karindwi mu kanwa, cyane cyane mu gitondo

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibyo abaganga bita ibimenyetso bidasanzwe. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo inkorora idakira, amajwi mu ijwi, gusukura umuhogo, cyangwa ndetse n’ibimenyetso nk’iby’asthme. Ibi bibaho kuko amavuta ashobora kugera mu muhogo wawe akangiza imitsi y’amajwi n’inzira z’ubuhumekero.

Ibimenyetso byo mu ijoro bikwiye kwitabwaho cyane kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwo kuryama. Ushobora kubyuka ufite uburyohe bwa aside, inkorora, cyangwa kumva ugifunze. Aya bimenyetso byo mu ijoro akenshi bigaragaza ko gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta ari bibi.

Ni iki gituma GERD ibaho?

GERD ibaho iyo umukingo wa esophageal utakora neza. Uyu mubiri usanzwe ukomera nyuma y’uko ibyo urya byinjiye mu gifu cyawe, ariko ibintu byinshi bishobora kuwuhenda cyangwa gutuma utarangara uko bikwiye.

Intandaro zisanzwe zirimo:

• Hiatal hernia - iyo igice cy’igifu cyawe kizamuka mu gifu cyawe
• Umurire - ibiro byinshi bisiga igitutu mu nda bigatuma ibyo urimo mu gifu bisubira hejuru
• Gutwita - impinduka z’imisemburo n’igitutu cy’umwana urimo gukura
• Imiti imwe nka calcium channel blockers, antihistamines, cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare
• Kunywa itabi - guhenda umukingo wa esophageal no kongera amavuta
• Kurya byinshi cyangwa kuryama nyuma yo kurya

Ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bya GERD, haba no guhenda umukingo cyangwa kongera amavuta. Ibi bintu bisanzwe birimo ibiryo birimo épices, imbuto za citrus, inyanya, chocolat, caféine, inzoga, n’ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi cyangwa byatetse.

Bamwe mu bantu bagira GERD bitewe no kugogora ibiryo bitinda, indwara yitwa gastroparesis. Iyo ibyo urya biguma mu gifu cyawe igihe kirekire kurusha uko bikwiye, byongera amahirwe yo gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera GERD?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ugira ububabare bw’umutima kenshi kurusha kabiri mu cyumweru, cyangwa niba imiti yo kwivuza udafite ubufasha bwa muganga itakugirira umumaro. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko ububabare busanzwe bw’umutima bwahindutse GERD.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ugira ububabare bukomeye mu kifuba, cyane cyane niba bifatanije no guhumeka nabi, ububabare mu maso, cyangwa mu kuboko. Nubwo aya bimenyetso ashobora kuba afitanye isano na GERD, ashobora kandi kugaragaza ibibazo bikomeye by’umutima bikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ibindi bimenyetso by’uburwayi bikeneye ubufasha bwa muganga vuba birimo gukomerwa no kurya, isereri idakira n’kuruka, kugabanya ibiro utabishaka, cyangwa amaraso mu maraso cyangwa mu ntege.

Ntugatege amatwi gushaka ubufasha niba ibimenyetso bya GERD bibangamira ibitotsi byawe, akazi, cyangwa ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi. Ubuvuzi bwa vuba bushobora gukumira ingaruka mbi no kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara GERD?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara GERD. Kumenya ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kwirinda no kuvura.

Ibintu by’umubiri n’imibereho birimo:

• Kuba uremererwa cyangwa ufite umubyibuho ukabije
• Gutwita
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa kuba hafi y’abanywa itabi
• Kurya byinshi cyangwa kurya nijoro
• Kuryama nyuma yo kurya
• Kunywesha inzoga, kawa, cyangwa ibinyobwa birimo gaz kenshi

Indwara zongera ibyago bya GERD zirimo diyabete, asthme, uburwayi bw’igifu, n’indwara z’imikaya nk’scleroderma. Izi ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’igogorwa ryawe cyangwa kongera igitutu mu nda.

Imyaka na yo igira uruhare, kuko GERD iba kenshi uko umuntu akura. Ibi bibaho kuko umukingo wa esophageal ushobora guhenda uko igihe kigenda, kandi izindi mpinduka zifitanye isano n’imyaka zishobora kugira ingaruka ku igogorwa.

Amateka y’umuryango na yo afite akamaro. Niba ababyeyi bawe cyangwa bene wanyu barwaye GERD, ushobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara, nubwo imibereho ikina uruhare runini kurusha imibereho.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka za GERD?

Iyo GERD idakize, guhora uhura n’amavuta y’umwijima bishobora kwangiza umunwa wawe bikagira ingaruka mbi. Reka turebe icyo gishobora kubaho n’impamvu ubuvuzi bwa vuba ari ingenzi.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zirimo:

• Esophagitis - kubyimba no gukomeretsa uruhu rw’umunwa
• Esophageal stricture - gutomba kw’umunwa bitewe no gukomera kw’udusembwa
• Barrett's esophagus - impinduka mu ruhu rw’umunwa zongera ibyago bya kanseri
• Ibibazo by’ubuhumekero nk’inkorora idakira, asthme, cyangwa pneumonia bitewe n’amavuta agera mu bihaha
• Ibibazo by’amenyo bitewe n’amavuta yangiza amenyo

Barrett's esophagus ikwiye kwitabwaho cyane kuko ari indwara ishobora guteza kanseri. Uruhu rusanzwe rw’umunwa rwahinduka rumeze nk’uruhu rw’amara. Nubwo abantu benshi bafite Barrett's esophagus badahura na kanseri, gukurikiranwa buri gihe ni ingenzi.

Esophageal stricture ishobora gutuma kurya bigorana kandi bishobora gusaba uburyo bwo kuvura kugira ngo umunwa ugururwe. Iyi ngaruka isanzwe iba nyuma y’imyaka myinshi GERD idakize, niyo mpamvu ubuvuzi bwa vuba ari ingenzi cyane.

Inkuru nziza ni uko izi ngaruka zishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura GERD. Abantu benshi bavurwa neza ntibagira ingaruka mbi.

GERD ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Indwara nyinshi za GERD zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa kunoza cyane hakoreshejwe impinduka mu mibereho. Izi mpinduka zibanda ku kugabanya amavuta no gukumira amavuta kuva hejuru mu munwa wawe.

Impinduka mu mirire zishobora kugira akamaro gakomeye:

• Kurya ibiryo bike, ariko kenshi aho kurya byinshi
• Kwirinda kurya amasaha 3 mbere yo kuryama
• Kugabanya ibiryo bitera GERD nk’ibiryo birimo épices, imbuto za citrus, inyanya, chocolat, na caféine
• Kugabanya kunywa inzoga
• Guhitamo ibiryo birimo amaprotéine make no kwirinda ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi cyangwa byatetse
• Kunywa amazi aho kunywa ibinyobwa birimo gaz

Impinduka mu mibereho na zo zifasha mu gukumira ibimenyetso bya GERD. Kugira ibiro bikwiye bigabanya igitutu mu nda gishobora gutuma ibyo urimo mu gifu bisubira hejuru. Niba unywa itabi, kureka bishobora gukomeza umukingo wa esophageal no kugabanya amavuta.

Uburyo bwo kuryama na bwo bufite akamaro. Guhagarika umutwe w’igitanda cyawe kuri santimetero 15-20 bishobora gufasha uburemere gutuma amavuta y’umwijima aguma aho akwiye. Urashobora gukoresha ibintu bihagarika igitanda cyangwa umusego kugira ngo ugerereze ubwo burebure.

Gucunga umunaniro hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuruhuka, imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa inama zishobora kandi gufasha, kuko umunaniro ushobora kongera ibimenyetso bya GERD mu bamwe.

GERD imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenyekanisha GERD bisanzwe bitangira muganga akubaza ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima. Niba ibimenyetso byawe ari ibisanzwe kandi bikagira umumaro mu buvuzi bwa mbere, muganga wawe ashobora kumenyekanisha GERD adakoresheje ibizamini byongeyeho.

Iyo hakenewe ibizamini byongeyeho, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba upper endoscopy. Muri ubu buryo, umuyoboro muto, woroshye ufite camera winjira mu kanwa kawe kugira ngo ugenzure umunwa wawe n’igifu cyawe. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe kubona ikibazo cyangwa kubyimba.

Ambulatory acid monitoring igaragaza igice gito mu munwa wawe kugira ngo upime urwego rw’amavuta mu masaha 24-48. Iki kizamini gifasha kumenya kenshi na igihe amavuta y’umwijima yinjiye mu munwa wawe mu bikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora kuba harimo barium swallow, aho unywa umuti ushobora kugaragara kuri X-rays, bituma abaganga babona imiterere n’imikorere y’igogorwa ryawe ryo hejuru. Esophageal manometry ipimira igitutu n’imikorere y’imikaya mu munwa wawe.

Ubuvuzi bwa GERD ni iki?

Ubuvuzi bwa GERD busanzwe bukurikira inzira y’intangiriro, uhereye ku mpinduka mu mibereho, ukagenda ujya ku miti niba ari ngombwa. Abantu benshi babona ubuvuzi bufatika bafite imiti ikwiye.

Impinduka mu mibereho zigira uruhare mu buvuzi bwa GERD:

• Impinduka mu mirire kugira ngo wirinde ibiryo bitera GERD
• Kugabanya ibiro niba uremererwa
• Kurya ibiryo bike
• Guhagarika umutwe w’igitanda
• Kwirinda kurya nijoro
• Kureka kunywa itabi

Imiti yo kwivuza udafite ubufasha bwa muganga ishobora kugufasha mu bibazo bito cyangwa bikaze. Antacids igabanya amavuta y’umwijima vuba ariko itanga ubuvuzi bw’igihe gito. H2 receptor blockers nk’famotidine igabanya amavuta y’umwijima kandi ikaguma igihe kirekire kurusha antacids.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) akenshi ari yo miti ikomeye ya GERD. Aya miti agabanya amavuta y’umwijima cyane kandi atuma uruhu rw’umunwa rwangirijwe rukira. PPIs zisanzwe zirimo omeprazole, lansoprazole, na esomeprazole.

Kubera GERD ikomeye idakira hakoreshejwe imiti, hari uburyo bwo kubaga. Fundoplication ni uburyo muganga akora aho ashyira hejuru y’igifu cyawe ku munwa wawe kugira ngo akomeze urubibi rwo gusubira inyuma.

Uburyo bwo kuvura GERD murugo?

Kuvura GERD murugo bibanda ku guhanga ibidukikije bigabanya gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta mu gihe bikomeza ubuzima bwawe bwose bw’igogorwa. Iyi mabwiriza akora neza iyo yakozwe buri gihe mu gihe kirekire.

Gutegura ibiryo n’igihe cyabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bimenyetso byawe. Gerageza kurya ifunguro rikomeye mu manywa aho uzaba uhagaze amasaha menshi nyuma yaho. Andika ibyo urya kugira ngo umenye ibiryo bitera GERD, kuko bishobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu.

Tegura uburyo bwo kuryama bufasha mu igogorwa ryiza. Reka kurya byibuze amasaha 3 mbere yo kuryama, kandi utekereze kurya ibiryo bike bidafite aside niba ufite inzara nyuma yaho. Shira antacids iruhande rw’igitanda cyawe kubera ibimenyetso byo mu ijoro.

Uburyo bwo gucunga umunaniro nk’gupima umwuka, gukora meditation, cyangwa yoga bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso bya GERD. Umunaniro ntabwo utera GERD, ariko ushobora kongera ibimenyetso no gutuma umuntu yumva cyane gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta.

Komeza kunywa amazi umunsi wose, ariko wirinda kunywa amazi menshi mu gihe cyo kurya, kuko bishobora kongera umubyibuho w’igifu no gutera gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta. Amazi asanzwe akenshi aba meze neza kurusha ibinyobwa bishyushye cyangwa bikonje.

Wategura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko rwawe kubera GERD bifasha kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye. Muganga wawe akeneye amakuru yihariye ku bimenyetso byawe n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byibuze icyumweru kimwe mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe. Andika igihe ibimenyetso bibaho, ibyo waraye, ibikorwa byawe, n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso kuri échelle ya 1 kugeza kuri 10. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe kumva ibintu n’ibintu bitera GERD.

Andika imiti yose n’ibindi bintu ukoresha, harimo n’imiti yo kwivuza udafite ubufasha bwa muganga. Imiti imwe ishobora kongera ibimenyetso bya GERD, mu gihe indi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku miti ya GERD muganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira.

Tegura ibibazo bijyanye n’ibibazo byawe. Ushobora kubaza ibyerekeye ibiryo, igihe utegereje ko ibimenyetso bigabanuka, ibimenyetso by’uburwayi bikeneye ubufasha bwa muganga vuba, cyangwa igihe uzamara ufata imiti.

Zana amateka yawe yose y’ubuzima, harimo amakuru yerekeye ibindi bibazo by’igogorwa, kubaga, cyangwa indwara zidakira. Amateka y’umuryango wa GERD cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’igogorwa na yo ni amakuru akwiye gusangizwa.

Icyo ugomba kumenya kuri GERD

GERD ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa neza iyo ivuwe neza. Icyingenzi ni ukumenya ko ububabare bw’umutima buhoraho atari ikintu ugomba kubana nacyo no gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba.

Abantu benshi barwaye GERD bashobora kubona ubuvuzi bufatika hakoreshejwe impinduka mu mibereho n’imiti. Uko utangiye ubuvuzi bwa vuba, ni ko amahirwe yo kwirinda ingaruka mbi no kugira ubuzima bwiza ari menshi.

Wibuke ko kuvura GERD akenshi ari ibintu by’igihe kirekire aho kuba igisubizo cyihuse. Gukorana na muganga wawe bifasha kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye kubibazo byawe.

Ntugatege amatwi gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga niba ibimenyetso byawe biba bibi cyangwa ntibigabanuke hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bwa mbere. GERD ni indwara isanzwe ifite imiti myinshi ikora neza.

Ibibazo byakenshi bibazwa kuri GERD

Ese GERD ishobora gukira yonyine?

GERD ntiyakira yonyine, cyane cyane niba umaze igihe ufite ibimenyetso. Ariko, ibibazo bito bishobora kunoza cyane hakoreshejwe impinduka mu mibereho gusa. Intandaro za GERD, nko guhenda umukingo wa esophageal, bisaba kuvurwa buri gihe aho kuba gukira kw’umubiri.

Ese ni byiza gufata imiti ya GERD igihe kirekire?

Imiti myinshi ya GERD ni myiza iyo ikoreshejwe igihe kirekire iyo ikoreshejwe nk’uko muganga yabitegetse. Proton pump inhibitors, imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura GERD, imaze imyaka ikoreshwa n’abantu benshi. Muganga wawe azakukurikirana kugira ngo arebe ingaruka zishoboka kandi ahindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Ese umunaniro ushobora kongera ibimenyetso bya GERD?

Yego, umunaniro ushobora kongera ibimenyetso bya GERD nubwo atari yo itera indwara. Umunaniro ushobora kongera amavuta y’umwijima, kugabanya igogorwa, no gutuma umuntu yumva cyane gusubira inyuma kw’amavuta. Gucunga umunaniro hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuruhuka, imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa inama zishobora gufasha kunoza ibimenyetso bya GERD.

Ese kugabanya ibiro bizafasha ibimenyetso bya GERD?

Kugabanya ibiro bishobora kunoza cyane ibimenyetso bya GERD, cyane cyane niba uremererwa. Ibiro byinshi bisiga igitutu mu nda, gishobora gutuma ibyo urimo mu gifu bisubira hejuru mu munwa wawe. No kugabanya ibiro bike bya kg 4.5-6.8 bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kenshi n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso.

Ese hari uburyo bw’umwimerere bufasha kuvura GERD?

Uburyo bumwe bw’umwimerere bushobora gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso bya GERD hamwe n’ubuvuzi bwa muganga. Ibyo birimo kuruma umusego nyuma yo kurya kugira ngo wongere amazi mu kanwa, kunywa icyayi cya chamomile, no gukoresha imbuto za gingeli mu kurwanya isereri. Ariko, uburyo bw’umwimerere ntibugomba gusimbura ubuvuzi bwa muganga, kandi ukwiye kuganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n’ibindi bintu mbere yo kubikoresha.