Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni indwara iterwa no kubyimbagira kw’imitsi minini yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi. Ubu bwimbagira bugira ingaruka cyane ku mitsi ya temporal, ari yo mitsi iherereye ku mpande z’umutwe hafi y’urusengero.

Ushobora kandi kumva abaganga bayita temporal arteritis bitewe n’aho ikunda kugaragara. Ubu bwimbagira bushobora gutuma iyi mitsi iba miremire kandi ikomeretsa, bigatuma amaraso adatembera neza mu bice by’ingenzi nka maso, ubwonko, n’uruhu rw’umutwe.

Ibimenyetso bya Ese ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi ni ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, buhora buhindagurika, butandukanye n’ububabare busanzwe bw’umutwe. Ubu bubabare busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku ruhande rumwe cyangwa impande zombi z’umutwe, cyane cyane hafi y’urusengero.

Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ushobora kugira:

• Ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, busanzwe buri mu gice cy’urusengero
• Ububabare bw’uruhu rw’umutwe igihe ukoresha ijisho cyangwa ugiye kuryama
• Ububabare cyangwa gucika intege mu menyo igihe urimo kuruma cyangwa kuvugira
• Ibibazo by’ububone, birimo kubura ubwenge cyangwa kubona ibintu bibiri
• Umunaniro n’ikibazo rusange cyo kumva utameze neza
• Urufuri n’ibitotsi byijoro
• Gutakaza ibiro bitateganijwe
• Ubukorere buhambaye bw’ibitugu n’amavi

Impinduka z’ububone zikwiye kwitabwaho cyane kuko zishobora kugaragaza ingaruka zikomeye. Bamwe mu bantu bagira igihombo cy’ububone gihita kigaruka, abandi bashobora kubona ko ubwenge bwabo buhinduka bucye cyangwa bugira igicucu.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, ushobora kugira igihombo cy’ububone kidakira mu jisho rimwe cyangwa mu maso yombi. Ibi bibaho iyo imitsi yabyimbagira igabanya amaraso ajya ku mpande z’amaso, kandi bifatwa nk’ubukene bwihuse.

Ese iterwa n’iki?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya Ese ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abaganga bemeza ko bibaho iyo ubudahangarwa bwawe bugabye bugatuma bugaba igitero ku mitsi yawe. Ubu budahangarwa butuma habaho ubwimbagira mu bice by’imitsi.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi ndwara:

• Imyaka-ikunda kugaragara cyane mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50, ikaba igaragara cyane hagati y’imyaka 70-80
• Igitsina-abagore bafite amahirwe abiri yo kuyirwara ugereranyije n’abagabo
• Uruhererekane rw’imiryango-imiterere imwe n’imwe y’umuryango ishobora kongera ibyago byawe
• Aho uba-ikunda kugaragara cyane mu bihugu by’i Burayi y’Amajyaruguru n’ibihugu bya Skandinavia
• Indwara-bamwe mu bashakashatsi bemeza ko indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri zishobora gutera iyi ndwara mu bantu bafite ibyago

Ibintu by’ibidukikije bishobora kugira uruhare, nubwo abashakashatsi bagikora ubushakashatsi kuri ibi. Indwara ikunda kubaho mu bihe, ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragara mu bihe bimwe na bimwe cyangwa imyaka.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, Ese ishobora gufatanya n’izindi ndwara ziterwa no kudahangarwa kw’umubiri cyangwa itera hamwe na polymyalgia rheumatica, itera ububabare bw’imitsi n’ubukorere buhambaye.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Ese?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba uramutse ubonye impinduka z’ububone, ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe butandukanye n’ububabare busanzwe bw’umutwe, cyangwa ububabare mu menyo igihe urimo kuruma. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso mu bice by’ingenzi.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona ibibazo by’ububone, nubwo bigaragara ko bigaruka. Igihombo cy’ububone giterwa na Ese gishobora kuba kidakira niba kitavuwe vuba, bityo igihe ni ingenzi mu kurinda amaso yawe.

Ukwiye kandi kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso biramba nk’ububabare bw’umutwe, ububabare bw’uruhu rw’umutwe, cyangwa umunaniro utasobanuwe hamwe n’ibindi bimenyetso. Kugirwaho ibizamini hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora gukumira ingaruka zikomeye kandi bigufasha kumva ubuzima bwiza vuba.

Ibyago byo kurwara Ese ni ibihe?

Imyaka ni yo ntandaro ikomeye yo kurwara Ese. Iyi ndwara iratoya cyane mu bantu bari munsi y’imyaka 50, kandi ibyago byawe byiyongera cyane uko ugenda ukura, cyane cyane nyuma y’imyaka 70.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara iyi ndwara:

• Kuba umugore-abagore barwara Ese inshuro ebyiri ugereranyije n’abagabo
• Kuba ufite inkomoko yo mu Burayi y’Amajyaruguru-abantu bakomoka muri Skandinavia, Burayi y’Amajyaruguru, cyangwa Mediterane bafite ibyago byinshi
• Kuba ufite polymyalgia rheumatica-abagera kuri 15-20% bafite iyi ndwara y’imitsi barwara kandi Ese
• Amateka y’umuryango-kugira abavandimwe bafite indwara ziterwa no kudahangarwa kw’umubiri bishobora kongera ibyago byawe gato
• Ibimenyetso bimwe by’imiterere y’umuryango-ibimenyetso by’imiterere y’umuryango bifitanye isano n’imikorere y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri

Aho uba nanone ni ingenzi, ibimenyetso byinshi biraboneka mu bihugu byo mu majyaruguru n’uturere tumwe na tumwe nka Minnesota na Skandinavia. Ariko kandi, iyi ndwara ishobora kuba aho ari ho hose kandi mu bwoko ubwo aribwo bwose.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, abantu bafite izindi ndwara ziterwa no kudahangarwa kw’umubiri cyangwa abagize indwara zimwe na zimwe bashobora kugira ibyago byiyongereye, nubwo iyi mibanire igikorerwaho ubushakashatsi.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Ese ni izihe?

Ingaruka zikomeye ni igihombo cy’ububone, gishobora kuba kidakira niba iyi ndwara idavuwe vuba. Ibi bibaho iyo imitsi yabyimbagira igabanya amaraso ajya ku mitsi y’amaso cyangwa imitsi itanga amaraso mu maso.

Dore ingaruka zikomeye zishobora kubaho:

• Igihombo cy’ububone kidakira mu jisho rimwe cyangwa mu maso yombi
• Stroke-niba ubwimbagira bugira ingaruka ku mitsi itanga amaraso mu bwonko
• Aortic aneurysm-kugabanyuka no kubyimbagira kw’umutsi munini w’umubiri
• Ibibazo by’umutima-harimo no kugira ikibazo cy’umutima mu bihe bitoroshye
• Ububabare buhoraho n’ubumuga buterwa n’ubwimbagira buhoraho

Ibibazo by’ububone bishobora kugenda kuva mu gihombo cy’ububone gihita kigaruka kugeza ku buhumyi buhoraho. Abagera kuri 15-20% by’abantu badavuwe Ese bagira igihombo cy’ububone ku rugero runaka.

Stroke ni indi ngaruka ikomeye ariko idakunze kubaho ishobora kubaho niba ubwimbagira bugera ku mitsi itanga amaraso mu bwonko. Mu bihe bitoroshye cyane, iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutsi wa aorta, itera aneurysms itera imyaka nyuma kandi isaba gukurikiranwa.

Inkuru nziza ni uko, ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa ibyago byazo bigabanuka cyane.

Ese imenyekanwa ite?

Muganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibimenyetso byawe akakora isuzuma rusange, akareba cyane imyanya y’urusengero n’imitsi ya temporal. Azareba niba hari ububabare, kubyimbagira, cyangwa amaraso adatembera neza muri iyi mitsi.

Ibizamini byinshi bifasha kwemeza ibizamini:

• Ibizamini by’amaraso-kureba ibimenyetso by’ubwimbagira nk’ESR na CRP
• Biopsy y’umutsi wa temporal-gukuramo igice gito cy’umutsi kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe
• Ultrasound y’imitsi ya temporal-kureba ibimenyetso by’ubwimbagira
• Isuzuma ry’amaso-kureba ibibazo by’ububone cyangwa igihombo cy’imitsi y’amaso
• MRI cyangwa CT scans-mu bihe bimwe na bimwe kugira ngo habeho guhakana izindi ndwara

Biopsy y’umutsi wa temporal ifatwa nk’uburyo bwiza bwo gupima, nubwo ari uburyo buto bwo kubaga. Muganga wawe azakuramo igice gito cy’umutsi wa temporal, akenshi akoresheje anesthésie locale, akayisuzuma kuri microscope kugira ngo arebe impinduka zikwiye.

Ibizamini by’amaraso bigaragaza ibimenyetso byiyongereye by’ubwimbagira bishyigikira ibizamini, ariko ibisubizo bisanzwe ntibihakana iyi ndwara. Mu bihe bitoroshye aho ibisubizo bya biopsy bitumvikana, muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kubona amafoto cyangwa gukurikirana uko uvuga.

Ubuvuzi bwa Ese ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi butangira ako kanya hakoreshejwe imiti ikomeye ya corticosteroids, akenshi prednisone, kugira ngo hagabanywe ubwimbagira vuba kandi hirindwe ingaruka. Abantu benshi batangira kumva ubuzima bwiza mu minsi mike nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi, nubwo inzira yose isanzwe imara amezi cyangwa imyaka.

Dore ibyo ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo:

• Prednisone y’umunwa ikomeye (40-60mg buri munsi) mu ntangiriro
• Kugabanya umunsi ku munsi mu gihe cy’umwaka 1-2
• Gukurikirana buri gihe hakoreshejwe ibizamini by’amaraso n’ibizamini by’amaso
• Ibisubizo bya calcium na vitamine D kugira ngo birinde amagufwa
• Imiti yongeyeho nk’imethotrexate mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Niba ufite ibibazo by’ububone, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha imiti myinshi ya steroids mu ntangiriro, rimwe na rimwe binyuze mu mitsi, kugira ngo birinde igihombo cy’amaso kidakira. Intego ni ugukumira ubwimbagira vuba bishoboka.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana uko uvuga binyuze mu bizamini by’amaraso buri gihe bipima urwego rw’ubwimbagira kandi agabanye umunsi ku munsi uko iyi ndwara igenda ikira. Uyu mugambi ugenzurwa neza kugira ngo hirindwe kubura ubuzima bwiza mu gihe hagabanywa ingaruka.

Mu bihe bitoroshye aho steroids zitagira umumaro cyangwa ziterwa n’ingaruka zikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti yongeyeho yo kudahangarwa kw’umubiri nk’imethotrexate cyangwa tocilizumab.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo mu gihe uvurwa Ese

Guta imiti yawe uko yategetswe ni ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora mu rugo. Ntugahagarike cyangwa ugabanye steroids zawe utabanje kubyemererwa na muganga wawe, nubwo waba wumva umeze neza, kuko bishobora gutuma iyi ndwara igaruka.

Dore ingamba z’ingenzi zo kwita ku buzima bwawe:

• Fata imiti hamwe n’ibiribwa kugira ngo ugabanye kubabara mu gifu
• Kureba isukari yawe mu maraso niba uri umusukari, kuko steroids zishobora kongera urwego rwa glucose
• Kurya indyo yuzuye calcium no gufata ibisubizo nk’uko byategetswe
• Kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo ugume ufite amagufwa akomeye
• Kuryama bihagije no gucunga umunaniro
• Kwirinda indwara, kuko steroids zishobora kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri

Reba ibimenyetso byerekana ko iyi ndwara ishobora kugaruka, nko kugaruka kw’ububabare bw’umutwe, impinduka z’ububone, cyangwa ububabare mu menyo. Vugana na muganga wawe vuba niba ibyo bimenyetso bihinduka cyangwa bikomeza.

Kubera ko gukoresha steroids igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku magufwa yawe, imitekerereze yawe, n’ubudahangarwa bwawe, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yo kurinda amagufwa no kwirinda indwara. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, nko kugenda, bishobora kugufasha kugumana imbaraga zawe n’ubuzima bw’amagufwa.

Uko wakitegura ku bw’isura yawe kwa muganga

Mbere y’isura yawe, andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye, uko bikomeye, n’icyo bibafasha cyangwa kibitera. Ba uhamya ku mpinduka z’ububone, imiterere y’ububabare bw’umutwe, cyangwa ububabare mu menyo wabonye.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti ukoresha ubu, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n’ibindi bisubizo. Tegura kandi amakuru yerekeye amateka yawe y’ubuzima, cyane cyane indwara ziterwa no kudahangarwa kw’umubiri cyangwa amateka y’umuryango w’ibibazo nk’ibi.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ishobora kukwibutsa amakuru y’ingenzi no kugufasha. Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza, nko kumenya icyo witeze mu buvuzi cyangwa uko wakwitwara ku ngaruka.

Ntukabe ikibazo cyo kuvuga uko ibimenyetso byawe bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, akazi, cyangwa imibanire. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe kumva ingaruka zose z’iyi ndwara no guhuza ubuvuzi uko bikwiye.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Ese

Ese ni indwara ikomeye ariko ivurwa neza igihe imenyekanye hakiri kare. Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ubuvuzi bwihuse bushobora gukumira ingaruka, cyane cyane igihombo cy’ububone, bityo ntukwiye gutinda gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bibangamye.

Ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye, abantu benshi barwaye Ese bashobora kwitega ko ibimenyetso byabo bizakira cyane kandi bagaruke mu mirimo yabo isanzwe. Nubwo ubuvuzi busanzwe busaba imiti igihe kirekire, icyerekezo ni cyiza cyane.

Gukomeza gufatanya n’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi, gukurikiza gahunda yawe y’imiti neza, kandi ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite impungenge. Ubufatanye bwawe mu buvuzi ni ingenzi mu kugera ku musaruro mwiza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri Ese

Q1: Ese Ese ishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Yego, Ese ishobora kugaruka, cyane cyane niba steroids zigabanutse vuba cyane. Abagera kuri 40-60% by’abantu bagira nibura ikibazo kimwe mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi. Ni yo mpamvu muganga wawe azagabanya imiti yawe buhoro buhoro kandi akakukurikirana hafi hakoreshejwe ibizamini by’amaraso n’isuzuma buri gihe.

Q2: Ese nzagomba gufata steroids igihe kingana gute kubera Ese?

Abantu benshi bakeneye ubuvuzi bwa steroids mu gihe cy’umwaka 1-2, nubwo bamwe bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bw’igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azagabanya umunsi ku munsi hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe n’ibisubizo by’ibizamini by’amaraso. Intego ni ukubona umunsi muke ubuza iyi ndwara kugira ingaruka mu gihe hagabanywa ingaruka.

Q3: Ese nzongera kubona niba narabuze kubera Ese?

Ikibabaje ni uko igihombo cy’ububone giterwa na Ese gisanzwe kidakira iyo kibaye. Ariko kandi, ubuvuzi bwihuse bukoresheje steroids nyinshi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gukumira igihombo cy’ububone kandi bikarinda ubwenge bwawe busigaye. Ni yo mpamvu ubufasha bwa muganga bwihuse ari ingenzi cyane niba ubona impinduka z’ububone.

Q4: Ese Ese ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by’umubiri wanjye uretse umutwe?

Yego, Ese rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi minini mu mubiri wawe wose, harimo aorta n’amashami yayo akomeye. Bamwe mu bantu barwara kandi polymyalgia rheumatica, itera ububabare bw’imitsi n’ubukorere buhambaye. Muganga wawe azakurikirana izi ngaruka mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi.

Q5: Ese hari ubuvuzi bw’umwimerere cyangwa ibisubizo bishobora gufasha Ese?

Nubwo kugira imirire myiza no gufata ibisubizo byategetswe nk’calcium na vitamine D ari ingenzi, nta buvuzi bw’umwimerere bwemejwe bushobora gusimbuza ubuvuzi bw’abaganga kuri Ese. Corticosteroids ziguma ari ubuvuzi bwiza mu gucunga ubwimbagira no gukumira ingaruka zikomeye. Iteka ubanze uganire n’umuganga wawe ku bisubizo byose mbere yo kubifata.