Glioma
Incamake
Glioma ni udukoko tw'ingirabuzima utera mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo. Udukoko tugize glioma tumera nk'utwo mu bwonko muzima twitwa glial cells. Glial cells zikikiza uturemangingo tw'imijyana zikazifasha gukora. Iyo glioma ikura, ihinduka agahenge k'utwo dukoko twitwa uburibwe. Uburibwe bushobora gukura bugakanda ku mubiri w'ubwonko cyangwa umugongo bikaba byatera ibimenyetso. Ibimenyetso biterwa n'aho mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo byagize ingaruka. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa glioma. Amwe akura gahoro kandi ntiafatwa nk'indwara ya kanseri. Andi afatwa nk'iya kanseri. Ikindi kinyito cya kanseri ni malignant. Malignant gliomas ikura vuba kandi ishobora kwangiza imikaya y'ubwonko muzima. Amwe mu bwoko bwa glioma aba cyane mu bakuru. Andi aba cyane mu bana. Ubwoko bwa glioma ufite bufasha itsinda ry'abaganga bawe gusobanukirwa uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gukora neza. Muri rusange, uburyo bwo kuvura glioma burimo kubaga, radiotherapy, chemotherapy n'ibindi.
Ibimenyetso
Ibimenyetso bya gliomas biterwa aho gliomas iherereye. Ibimenyetso bishobora kandi guterwa n'ubwoko bwa gliomas, ubunini bwayo n'uburyo bwaguka. Ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya gliomas birimo: Urubavu, cyane cyane urubavu rubabaza cyane mu gitondo. Kubabara umutwe. Isesemi no kuruka. Ukuyoboka cyangwa kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'ubwonko, nko kugira ibibazo mu gutekereza no gusobanukirwa amakuru. Igucika kw'uruhare. Guhinduka kw'imico cyangwa kurakara. Ibibazo by'ubuhanga, nko kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza, kubona ibintu bibiri, cyangwa kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona ibintu biri ku mpande. Gukoma mu mihogo. Imihango, cyane cyane ku muntu utarigeze agira imihango mbere. Fata umwanya wo kubonana n'abaganga bawe niba ufite ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso bikubabaza.
Igihe cyo kubona umuganga
Fata rendez-vous na umuvuzi wawe wita ku buzima niba ufite ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa bikubangamira. Kanda kuri "subscribe" uhabwe amakuru agezweho ku bijyanye no kuvura, ibizamini, n'ibikorwa by'abaganga ku giterwa mu bwonko.
Impamvu
Abaganga ntibemeza icyateza glioma. Itangira iyo seli mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo zihinduye ADN yazo. ADN ya seli ikubiyemo amabwiriza abwira seli icyo ikora. Ihindurwa rya ADN ribwira seli gukora izindi seli vuba. Zikomeza kubaho mu gihe seli zimeze neza zapfa. Ibi bituma habaho seli nyinshi zitakora neza. Izo seli zigira umwimerere witwa uburibwe. Ubwo buribwe bushobora gukura bugakanda ku mitsi iri hafi no ku bice by'ubwonko cyangwa umugongo. Ibi bituma habaho ibimenyetso bya glioma kandi bishobora gutera ingaruka. Zimwe muri glioma zihindura ADN yazo bituma ziba kanseri y'ubwonko. Ihindurwa ribwira seli kwica no kwangiza imyanya y'ubwonko imeze neza. Muri glioma, seli z'uburibwe zisa nka seli z'ubwonko zimeze neza zitwa seli za glial. Seli za glial zizunguruka kandi zikaba inkingi za seli z'imitsi mu bwonko no mu mugongo.
Ingaruka zishobora guteza
Ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago bya glioma birimo:
- Kugira imyaka. Gliomas ikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakuru bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 45 na 65. Ariko glioma ishobora kubaho mu kigero icyo ari cyo cyose. Ubundi bwoko bwa gliomas bukunze kugaragara mu bana no mu rubyiruko.
- Kuba warahuriye n'imirasire. Abantu bahuye n'ubwoko bw'imirasire yitwa imirasire ionisante bafite ibyago byiyongereye byo kugira glioma. Urugero rumwe rw'imirasire ionisante ni imirasire ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri.
- Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa glioma. Glioma ishobora kuba mu miryango, ariko ibi birarenga. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi burakenewe kugira ngo twumve niba ababyeyi bashobora guha abana babo ibyago bya glioma.
Abashakashatsi ntibabonye ikintu cyose wakora kugira ngo wirinde glioma.
Kupima
Uburinganire bw’ubwonko bwa kanseri
Ibizamini n’ibikorwa bifashishwa mu kumenya kanseri ya glioma birimo:
- Ikizamini cyo gusuzuma imitsi yawe n’imikorere y’ubwonko. Isuzuma rya neurologique ririmo kugenzura uko ubona, uko wumva, uko uringaniye, uko uhuza ibintu, imbaraga zawe n’uburyo bwawe bw’imikorere. Niba hari ikibazo mu gikorwa runaka, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’uko hashobora kuba hari kanseri y’ubwonko.
- Uburyo bwo kubona igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe. Rimwe na rimwe, uburyo bwitwa biopsie bukenerwa kugira ngo hakurweho igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe mbere y’uko kuvurwa gutangira. Bikoreshwa igihe kubaga atari bwo buryo bwo gukuraho kanseri y’ubwonko. Niba ugiye kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho kanseri y’ubwonko, ushobora kutakeneye biopsie mbere y’uko ubagwa.
Kugira ngo hakurweho igice cy’umubiri, hari ubwo hashobora gukoreshwa igikombe. Igikombe kiyoborwa n’ibizamini by’amashusho. Ubu buryo bwitwa biopsie y’igikombe cya stereotaxique. Mu gihe cy’uburyo, umwobo muto ukorwa mu gice cy’umutwe. Igikombe gito cyinjizwa muri uwo mwobo. Igice cy’umubiri gikurwaho hakoreshejwe igikombe hanyuma kigashyirwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe.
- Ibizamini by’uturemangingo twa kanseri. Igice cya kanseri y’ubwonko gishobora koherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe. Igice gishobora kuva mu buryo bwa biopsie. Cyangwa igice gishobora gufatwa mu gihe cy’ubuganga bwo gukuraho glioma.
Igice cyoherezwa muri laboratwari aho gipimwa n’abaganga babishoboye mu gusesengura amaraso n’ingingo z’umubiri. Aba baganga bitwa pathologists.
Ibizamini muri laboratwari bishobora kumenya niba ufite glioma n’ubwoko ufite. Ibindi bizamini bishobora kwerekana uburyo uturemangingo twa glioma twakura vuba. Ibizamini byateye imbere bireba impinduka za ADN ziri mu turemangingo twa glioma. Ibyavuye mu bizamini bifasha itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi kwemeza ibyavuye mu isuzuma ryawe no gutegura gahunda yo kuvura.
Ibizamini byo gufata amashusho y’ubwonko. Ibizamini by’amashusho bifata amashusho y’ubwonko bwawe kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bya kanseri y’ubwonko. MRI ni ikizamini cy’amashusho gikoresha cyane. Rimwe na rimwe uba ufite inshinge y’ibara mu mutsi mbere y’MRI yawe. Ibi bifasha mu gufata amashusho meza.
Ibindi bizamini by’amashusho bishobora kuba CT na positron emission tomography, bizwi kandi nka PET scan.
Uburyo bwo kubona igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe. Rimwe na rimwe, uburyo bwitwa biopsie bukenerwa kugira ngo hakurweho igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe mbere y’uko kuvurwa gutangira. Bikoreshwa igihe kubaga atari bwo buryo bwo gukuraho kanseri y’ubwonko. Niba ugiye kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho kanseri y’ubwonko, ushobora kutakeneye biopsie mbere y’uko ubagwa.
Kugira ngo hakurweho igice cy’umubiri, hari ubwo hashobora gukoreshwa igikombe. Igikombe kiyoborwa n’ibizamini by’amashusho. Ubu buryo bwitwa biopsie y’igikombe cya stereotaxique. Mu gihe cy’uburyo, umwobo muto ukorwa mu gice cy’umutwe. Igikombe gito cyinjizwa muri uwo mwobo. Igice cy’umubiri gikurwaho hakoreshejwe igikombe hanyuma kigashyirwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe.
Ibizamini by’uturemangingo twa kanseri. Igice cya kanseri y’ubwonko gishobora koherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo ucukumbuzwe. Igice gishobora kuva mu buryo bwa biopsie. Cyangwa igice gishobora gufatwa mu gihe cy’ubuganga bwo gukuraho glioma.
Igice cyoherezwa muri laboratwari aho gipimwa n’abaganga babishoboye mu gusesengura amaraso n’ingingo z’umubiri. Aba baganga bitwa pathologists.
Ibizamini muri laboratwari bishobora kumenya niba ufite glioma n’ubwoko ufite. Ibindi bizamini bishobora kwerekana uburyo uturemangingo twa glioma twakura vuba. Ibizamini byateye imbere bireba impinduka za ADN ziri mu turemangingo twa glioma. Ibyavuye mu bizamini bifasha itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi kwemeza ibyavuye mu isuzuma ryawe no gutegura gahunda yo kuvura.
Uburyo bwo kuvura
"Ubuvuzi bwa Gliomas busanzwe butangira n'ubuganga. Ariko kubaga si uburyo buhoraho. Urugero, niba glioma ikura mu bice by'ingenzi by'ubwonko, bishobora kuba bituma gukuraho glioma yose biba bibangamira. Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nko kwivuza imirasire na chimiothérapie, bishobora kugeragezwa nk'uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura.\n\nUburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye neza bizaterwa n'imimerere yawe bwite. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi itekereza ku bwoko bwa glioma, ubunini bwayo n'aho iherereye mu bwonko. Gahunda yawe yo kuvura izaterwa kandi n'ubuzima bwawe n'ibyo ukunda.\n\nNiba glioma yawe itera ibimenyetso, ushobora kuba ukeneye imiti kugira ngo wiyumve utekanye. Imiti ukeneye izaterwa n'imimerere yawe. Amahitamo ashobora kuba ari:\n\n- Imiti yo kugenzura ibitero by'indwara y'ubwonko.\n- Imiti ya steroide kugabanya kubyimbagira kw'ubwonko.\n- Imiti yo kunoza ubwenge niba unaniwe cyane.\n- Imiti ifasha mu bibazo byo gutekereza no kwibuka.\n\nUbuvuzi bwa Glioma busanzwe butangira n'igihe cyo kubaga kugira ngo bakureho glioma. Kubaga bishobora kuba ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kuvura bukenewe niba glioma yose imaze gukurwaho.\n\nRimwe na rimwe glioma ntishobora gukurwaho burundu. Umuganga ashobora gukuraho igice kinini cya glioma uko bishoboka. Iyi nzira rimwe na rimwe yitwa resection subtotal. Bishobora kuba bikenewe niba glioma idashobora gutandukanywa neza n'imiterere y'ubwonko izima. Bishobora kandi kubaho niba glioma iri mu gice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwonko. No gukuraho igice cy'ubutumwa mubibi bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe.\n\nKubaga kugira ngo bakureho glioma bigira ingaruka. Izi ngaruka zirimo kwandura amaraso. Izindi ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'igice cy'ubwonko cyawe kibonekamo ubumara. Urugero, kubaga ubumara buri hafi y'imitsi ihuza n'amaso yawe bishobora kuba bigira ingaruka zo kubura ubwenge.\n\nImirasire ikoresha imirasire y'ingufu nyinshi yo kwica uturemangingabo tw'ubutumwa mubibi. Ingufu zishobora guturuka kuri X-rays, protons cyangwa izindi nkomoko.\n\nKubuvura glioma, kuvura imirasire kenshi bikorwa nyuma yo kubaga. Imirasire ihitana uduce tw'aglioma dushobora gukomeza kubaho nyuma yo kubaga. Imirasire ikunze guhuzwa na chimiothérapie.\n\nKuvura imirasire bishobora kuba ari bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kuvura glioma niba kubaga atari bwo buryo.\n\nMu gihe cyo kuvura imirasire, uba uri ku meza mu gihe imashini igenda ishyira imirasire ku bice bimwe na bimwe by'umutwe wawe. Imirasire itegurwa neza kugira ngo itange ingano nyayo y'imirasire kuri glioma. Gahunda isanzwe yo kuvura imirasire ni ukugira ubuvuzi iminsi itanu mu cyumweru mu byumweru bike.\n\nIngaruka mbi zo kuvura imirasire ziterwa n'ubwoko n'umwanya w'imirasire uhabwa. Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe zibaho mu gihe cyo kuvura cyangwa nyuma yaho vuba harimo umunaniro, gucika intege kw'uruhu rw'umutwe no gutakaza umusatsi.\n\nChimiothérapie ikoresha imiti yo kwica uturemangingabo tw'ubutumwa mubibi. Imiti ya chimiothérapie ikunze gufatwa mu buryo bw'uduti cyangwa iterwa mu mutsi. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, chimiothérapie ishobora gukoreshwa ku uturemangingabo tw'aglioma.\n\nChimiothérapie ikunze gukoreshwa hamwe na kuvura imirasire kuvura gliomas.\n\nIngaruka mbi za chimiothérapie ziterwa n'ubwoko n'umwanya w'imiti uhabwa. Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe zirimo kunanirwa no kuruka, gutakaza umusatsi, umuriro no kunanirwa cyane. Zimwe mu ngaruka mbi zishobora guhangana n'imiti.\n\nUbuvuzi bwo kuvura ubumara ni ubuvuzi bukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugira ngo bugire ingaruka mbi ku turemangingabo tw'aglioma. Ubuvuzi bugoma uturemangingabo kugira ngo bidakora utundi turemangingabo tw'aglioma.\n\nUbuvuzi bwo kuvura ubumara bukoreshwa mu kuvura ubwoko bukomeye bwa glioma bwitwa glioblastoma. Ubuvuzi bukunze gukorwa icyarimwe na chimiothérapie.\n\nMu gihe cy'ubu buvuzi, ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe bihambirwa ku mutwe. Ushobora kuba ukeneye gusahura umutwe wawe kugira ngo ibyo bikoresho bihambire. Imisatsi ihuza ibyo bikoresho n'ikoresho gifite igishushanyo mbonera. Icyo gikoresho gikora umuriro w'amashanyarazi ugira ingaruka mbi ku turemangingabo tw'aglioma.\n\nIngaruka mbi zo kuvura ubumara zirimo gucika intege kw'uruhu aho ibikoresho bihambiriwe ku mutwe.\n\nUbuvuzi bwo kuvura ibintu byihariye bugendera ku byiyumvo byihariye biboneka mu turemangingabo twa kanseri. Mu kubuza ibyo byiyumvo, ubuvuzi bwo kuvura ibintu byihariye bushobora gutuma uturemangingabo twa kanseri dupfa.\n\nUturemangingabo twawe twa glioma dushobora gupimwa kugira ngo turebe niba ubuvuzi bwo kuvura ibintu byihariye bushobora kugufasha. Kubera gliomas zikura buhoro buhoro, ubuvuzi bwo kuvura ibintu byihariye rimwe na rimwe bukoreshwa nyuma yo kubaga niba glioma idashobora gukurwaho burundu. Kubindi gliomas, ubuvuzi bwo kuvura ibintu byihariye bushobora kuba amahitamo niba ubundi buryo bwo kuvura budakora.\n\nIngaruka mbi ziterwa n'imiti ikoreshwa n'umwanya uhabwa.\n\nUbuvuzi bw'umubiri nyuma yo kuvura glioma bushobora kugufasha gusubirana ubushobozi bwo kugenda cyangwa imbaraga z'imitsi.\n\nGlioma no kuvura glioma bishobora kubabaza ibice by'ubwonko bikugira uruhare mu kugenda no kugenzura imitekerereze yawe. Nyuma yo kuvura ushobora kuba ukeneye ubufasha kugira ngo usubire mu bushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda, kuvuga, kubona no gutekereza neza. Ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha harimo:\n\n- Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, bushobora kugufasha gusubirana ubushobozi bwo kugenda cyangwa imbaraga z'imitsi.\n- Ubuvuzi bw'imirimo, bushobora kugufasha gusubira mu mirimo yawe ya buri munsi, harimo n'akazi, nyuma y'ubutumwa mubibi bw'ubwonko cyangwa izindi ndwara.\n- Ubuvuzi bw'amagambo, bushobora kugufasha niba ugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga.\n- Kwigisha abana bari mu kigero cy'ishuri, bishobora gufasha abana guhangana n'impinduka mu kwibuka no gutekereza nyuma y'ubutumwa mubibi bw'ubwonko.\n\nUbushakashatsi buke bwakozwe ku buvuzi bwo kuvura glioma bwongerwamo. Nta buvuzi bw'ibindi bintu bwamaze kugaragara ko bukiza gliomas. Ariko, ubuvuzi bwongerwamo bushobora kugufasha guhangana na glioma yawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Ubuvuzi bwongerwamo na bwo bwitwa ubuvuzi buhuza. Bushobora gukoreshwa icyarimwe n'uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kuvura, nko kubaga, kuvura imirasire na chimiothérapie.\n\nBaza ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi niba ushaka kugerageza ubuvuzi bwongerwamo nko:\n\n- Acupuncture.\n- Hypnosis.\n- Meditation.\n- Ubuvuzi bw'umuziki.\n- Imikino yo kuruhuka.\n\nIsuzuma rya glioma rishobora gutera ubwoba no gutera ubwoba. Bishobora gutuma wumva ufite ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura ubuzima bwawe. Ariko ushobora gufata ingamba zo guhangana n'umutima mubi n'agahinda bishobora kuza nyuma yo gusuzuma. Tekereza kugerageza:\n\n- Menya ibyerekeye gliomas kugira ngo ufate ibyemezo ku bijyanye no kuvura kwawe. Baza ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ibyerekeye ubwoko bwawe bw'ubutumwa mubibi bw'ubwonko, harimo n'amahitamo yawe yo kuvura, kandi niba ubyifuza, uko bizagenda.\n- Komeza inshuti n'umuryango hafi. Kugumana umubano wawe ukomeye bizagufasha guhangana n'ubutumwa mubibi bw'ubwonko bwawe. Incuti n'umuryango bashobora gutanga ubufasha ukeneye, nko kugufasha kwita ku rugo rwawe niba uri mu bitaro. Kandi bashobora kuba ubufasha bwo mu mutima iyo wumva unaniwe na kanseri.\n- Shaka umuntu wo kuvugana na we. Shaka umuntu wumva neza kandi ushaka kumva ibyo wifuza n'ibyo utinya. Uyu muntu ashobora kuba inshuti cyangwa umuryango. Impungenge n'ubwumvikane bw'umujyanama, umukozi w'ubuvuzi, umukozi w'idini cyangwa itsinda ry'abantu bafite kanseri na byo bishobora kugufasha. Baza ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ibyerekeye amatsinda y'ubufasha mu karere kawe. Cyangwa uhuze n'abandi online biciye mu matsinda, nko mu ishyirahamwe ry'ubutumwa mubibi bw'ubwonko n'ibindi."
Umuhakana: Kanama ni urubuga rw'amakuru y'ubuzima kandi ibisubizo byayo ntibigize inama z'ubuvuzi. Jya ubona umuganga ufite uruhushya rwo gukorera hafi yawe mbere yo gukora impinduka izo ari zo zose.