Indwara ya Graves ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Indwara ya Graves ni iki?

Indwara ya Graves ni indwara iterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri aho ubwirinzi bw'umubiri bugaba igitero ku gice cy'umwijima gishinzwe gukora imisemburo, bigatuma gikora imisemburo myinshi y'umwijima. Iyi misemburo myinshi itera hyperthyroidism, ihindura uko imikorere y'umubiri ikora.

Tekereza ku mwijima wawe nk'ikigo gikurikirana imikorere y'umubiri wawe. Iyo indwara ya Graves imugizeho ingaruka, imikorere y'umubiri itangira gukora cyane, bigatera ingaruka ku bintu byose kuva ku muvuduko w'umutima kugeza ku mbaraga.

Indwara ya Graves ni yo ntandaro ikomeye ya hyperthyroidism, igira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 1 kuri 200. Nubwo bishobora kuguhagarara igihe ubonye ko uyirwaye, ukuri ni uko ivurwa neza uko bikwiye.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Graves ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Graves bigaragara kubera ko umubiri wawe ukora cyane. Ushobora kubona izi mpinduka buhoro buhoro cyangwa zigahita zigaragara.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Umuvuduko w'umutima mwinshi cyangwa udasanzwe wumva n'iyo uri kuruhuka
• Gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe nubwo urya nk'uko bisanzwe cyangwa kurushaho
• Igisabo kinini kidashobora kwishima
• Kugira ubwoba, imihangayiko, cyangwa kumva uhagaze
• Kujijinganya kw'intoki bigaragara iyo ugerageje gufata ikintu
• Kunyara cyane no kumva ubushyuhe igihe abandi bumva bameze neza
• Impinduka mu mihango, akenshi iba mike cyangwa idahari
• Guhitamuka kenshi cyangwa impiswi
• Kubura ibitotsi cyangwa kudasinzira
• Intege nke z'imikaya, cyane cyane mu maboko no mu birenge
• Uburwayi nubwo wumva udasiba gukora

Bamwe mu barwaye indwara ya Graves bagira ibibazo by'amaso, bizwi nka Grave's ophthalmopathy. Amaso yawe ashobora kumva yuma, akaba afite umukungugu, cyangwa akaba afite uburibwe.

Biracye, ushobora kubona uruhu rukomeye, rutukura ku mavi cyangwa hejuru y'ibirenge. Iyi ndwara, yitwa pretibial myxedema, igira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 1-2% bafite indwara ya Graves ariko ishobora kuba ikibazo iyo ibayeho.

Impamvu ziterwa n'indwara ya Graves ni izihe?

Indwara ya Graves ibaho iyo ubwirinzi bw'umubiri bwakora imisemburo igereranya imisemburo yitwa TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). Iyi misemburo, yitwa thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins, ituma umwijima wawe utekereza ko ugomba gukora cyane.

Icyateye iyi mpinduka mu mikorere y'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri ntibirasobanuka neza, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko bishobora kuba iterambere ry'imiterere y'umuntu n'ibintu by'ibidukikije.

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera indwara ya Graves:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amarangamutima cyangwa umubiri, nko kurwara, kubagwa, cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu buzima
• Amazi, cyane cyane amazi ashobora guhungabanya ubwirinzi bw'umubiri
• Gutwita, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri
• Itabi, byongera cyane ibyago kandi bishobora kuba bibi ku maso
• Iyodi myinshi mu biribwa cyangwa imiti

Nyamara, abantu benshi barwara indwara ya Graves nta kintu na kimwe kibitera. Rimwe na rimwe ubwirinzi bw'umubiri buhita butangira gukora nabi, kandi ntabwo ari ikintu washoboraga gukumira cyangwa kwitegura.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera indwara ya Graves?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi bya hyperthyroidism, cyane cyane niba bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Tegura gahunda vuba niba ubona umutima ukora cyane, gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe, imihangayiko idashira, cyangwa kujijinganya. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe kandi bishobora kugaragaza ko urwego rw'imisemburo y'umwijima ruri hejuru cyane.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba ufite ububabare mu kifuba, guhumeka nabi cyane, cyangwa umutima ukora hejuru ya 100 ku munota ukiri kuruhuka. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'umwijima ukora cyane, ikibazo gikomeye gisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Niba ubona impinduka mu maso yawe, ububabare bw'amaso, cyangwa amaso yawe asa n'ayavunitse, hamagara umuganga w'amaso cyangwa muganga wawe vuba. Ibibazo by'amaso bituruka ku ndwara ya Graves bisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye kugira ngo birinde ibibazo birambye.

Ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Graves ni ibihe?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha kuba maso ku bimenyetso no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda aho bishoboka.

Dore ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Graves:

• Kuba umugore - abagore bafite ibyago byinshi cyane kurusha abagabo
• Imyaka iri hagati ya 30-50, nubwo ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose
• Amateka y'umuryango w'indwara y'umwijima cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Kurwara izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri nka diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere cyangwa rhumatoïde
• Itabi, byongera ibyago kabiri kandi bigatera ibibazo by'amaso
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amarangamutima, haba mu bwenge no mu mubiri
• Gutwita vuba cyangwa kubyara mu mwaka ushize
• Iyodi myinshi mu biribwa cyangwa imiti

Ntacyo ushobora guhindura ku mimerere yawe cyangwa igitsina cyawe, ariko ushobora kugabanya ibyago bimwe. Kureka itabi, gucunga umuvuduko w'amarangamutima binyuze mu buryo bwiza bwo kwitwara, no kwirinda iyodi myinshi bishobora kugufasha kugabanya amahirwe yo kurwara iyi ndwara.

Ingaruka zishoboka z'indwara ya Graves ni izihe?

Iyo idakurikiranwe, indwara ya Graves ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zigira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'umubiri. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubuvuzi bukwiye bukumira ibyinshi muri ibyo bibazo.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zirimo:

• Ibibazo by'umutima, birimo umuvuduko w'umutima udasanzwe, gucika intege kw'umutima, no kongera ibyago byo kugira umwijima
• Amagufwa adakomeye (osteoporosis) kubera ibura rya calcium
• Ibibazo by'amaso kuva ku gukama kugeza ku guhinduka kw'ubuhanga cyangwa kubona ibintu bibiri
• Impinduka z'uruhu, cyane cyane ibice bikomeye, bitukura ku maguru cyangwa ibirenge
• Ibibazo byo kubyara no gutwita

Ikibazo gikomeye ariko gicye ni umwijima ukora cyane, aho urwego rw'imisemburo ruzaba ruri hejuru cyane. Iyi mpanuka y'ubuzima itera umuriro ukabije, umuvuduko w'umutima mwinshi, gucika intege, kandi ishobora kwica udafashijwe vuba. Ibi bibaho ku bantu bake cyane bafite hyperthyroidism.

Gutwita bishobora gutera ibibazo byihariye niba ufite indwara ya Graves. Hyperthyroidism idakurikiranwe yongera ibyago byo gutakaza imbanyi, kubyara imburagihe, no kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike. Ariko, hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, abagore benshi barwaye indwara ya Graves bashobora gutwita neza.

Indwara ya Graves imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya indwara ya Graves bisaba ibizamini byinshi bikorana kugira ngo bigaragaze neza imikorere y'umwijima wawe. Muganga wawe azatangira ku bimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima, hanyuma yemeze icyemezo akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso.

Ibizamini by'ingenzi by'amaraso birimo gupima urwego rw'imisemburo y'umwijima (T3 na T4) na thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Mu ndwara ya Graves, urwego rwa T3 na T4 ruzaba ruri hejuru mu gihe TSH izaba itagezeho, kuko umubiri wawe ugerageza kugabanya umwijima ukora cyane.

Muganga wawe azapima kandi thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) cyangwa TSH receptor antibodies. Iyi misemburo iboneka mu bantu bagera kuri 95% barwaye indwara ya Graves kandi ifasha kuyitandukanya n'izindi mpamvu za hyperthyroidism.

Ibizamini by'inyongera bishobora kuba harimo ikizamini cyo gupima iyodi, aho unywa umwanya muke w'iyodi ya radioactive hanyuma umwijima wawe ugasuzumwa. Mu ndwara ya Graves, umwijima wawe uzakira iyodi myinshi kurusha uko bisanzwe, bigaragara nk'imikorere yiyongereye ku isuzumwa.

Niba ufite ibibazo by'amaso, muganga wawe ashobora kukwerekeza ku muganga w'amaso kugira ngo akore ibizamini byihariye by'amaso, birimo CT cyangwa MRI kugira ngo asuzume imikaya n'imiterere yo mu maso yawe.

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara ya Graves ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara ya Graves bugamije kugabanya umubare w'imisemburo y'umwijima umubiri wawe ukora no gucunga ibimenyetso byawe. Ufite uburyo bwinshi bwiza bwo kuvura, kandi muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku myaka yawe, ibimenyetso, n'ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo butatu nyamukuru bwo kuvura ni:

1. Imiti igabanya imisemburo y'umwijima nka methimazole cyangwa propylthiouracil, ihagarika umwijima wawe gukora imisemburo myinshi
2. Ubuvuzi bwa radioactive iodine, bugabanya burundu imikorere y'umwijima binyuze mu kurimbura uturemangingo tw'umwijima dukora cyane
3. Kubaga umwijima, aho igice cyangwa umwijima wawe wose ukurwaho

Imiti igabanya imisemburo y'umwijima ikunze kuba amahitamo ya mbere, cyane cyane ku bantu bakiri bato cyangwa abifuza kubungabunga imikorere y'umwijima wabo. Iyi miti isanzwe itangira gukora mu byumweru bike, kandi ushobora kuyikomeza imyaka 1-2 cyangwa irenga.

Ubuvuzi bwa radioactive iodine ni amahitamo asanzwe ku bakuru, cyane cyane abarengeje imyaka 30. Ifatwa nk'igitonyanga cyangwa umutobe, kandi iyodi ya radioactive igamije cyane uturemangingo tw'umwijima wawe. Abantu benshi bakeneye kuvurwa rimwe gusa, ariko bikunze gutera hypothyroidism nyuma, bisaba gusimbuza imisemburo y'umwijima ubuzima bwose.

Kubaga bishobora gusabwa niba ufite umwijima munini cyane, indwara ikomeye y'amaso, cyangwa udashobora kwihanganira ubundi buvuzi. Bitanga umusaruro wihuse ariko bisaba kubagwa kandi bigira ibyago bisanzwe byo kubagwa.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kwandika imiti ya beta-blockers kugira ngo afashe gucunga ibimenyetso nko guhumeka nabi, kujijinganya, no guhangayika mu gihe ubuvuzi bwawe nyamukuru bugikora. Ibi ntibitera ubuvuzi bw'ibanze ariko bishobora kukworohereza.

Uko wakwita ku ndwara ya Graves mu rugo

Nubwo ubuvuzi bw'abaganga ari ingenzi, hari byinshi ushobora gukora mu rugo kugira ngo ubungabunge ubuzima bwawe kandi ubone ibimenyetso. Izi ngamba zo kwita ku buzima zikorana n'ubuvuzi bwawe kugira ngo ugume umeze neza.

Fata iya mbere mu gucunga umuvuduko w'amarangamutima kuko umuvuduko w'amarangamutima ushobora kuba bibi ku bimenyetso byawe kandi ukaba utera ibibazo.

Witondere indyo yawe n'imirire yawe. Ushobora kuba ukeneye kalori nyinshi kurusha uko bisanzwe kubera ko metabolism yawe ikora cyane, ntukagabanye ibyo urya keretse muganga wawe akubwiye.

Niba unywa itabi, kureka ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ushobora gukora. Itabi rikongera ibibazo by'amaso kandi rishobora kubangamira uburyo bwo kuvura. Saza muganga wawe ubaze kuri gahunda zo kureka itabi cyangwa imiti ishobora kugufasha.

Kugira ngo amaso yawe ameze neza, koresha amaso ya artificial kugira ngo amaso yawe adahuma, bambara izibuza izuba kugira ngo urinde amaso yawe ku mucyo, kandi urambike umutwe wawe hejuru kugira ngo ugabanye kubyimbagira kw'amaso. Niba ubona ibintu bibiri, igipfukisho cy'amaso cyangwa ibicupa byihariye bishobora kugufasha kugeza igihe icyo kibazo gikira.

Komeza umubare w'ibimenyetso kugira ngo ukomeze ukurebe uko wumva kandi ubaha amakuru y'ubuvuzi bwawe. Ibi bizabafasha guhindura ubuvuzi bwawe uko bikenewe kandi biguha icyizere cy'iterambere uko iminsi igenda.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitunganya gusura muganga wawe bigufasha kugira icyo ubonamo kandi ntuzibagirwe amakuru y'ingenzi. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, nubwo bisa n'ibidafite aho bihuriye n'umwijima wawe.

Andika urutonde rw'imiti yose, amavitamini, n'ibindi byongera imbaraga ufata, harimo n'umwanya. Imiti imwe n'ibindi byongera imbaraga bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwijima cyangwa bikagira ingaruka ku buvuzi bw'umwijima, bityo aya makuru ari ingenzi kuri muganga wawe.

Tegura amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, cyane cyane ugaragaza abavandimwe bafite indwara y'umwijima, indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, cyangwa izindi ndwara z'imisemburo. Aya makuru y'imiterere y'umuntu afasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe no gutegura gukurikirana bikwiye.

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza, nko kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, ingaruka mbi zitegerejwe, cyangwa kenshi ugomba gukurikiranwa. Ntugatinye kubaza ibyerekeye impinduka mu mibereho cyangwa igihe ushobora gutangira kumva umeze neza.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe w'umuryango. Bazagufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi no kugufasha mu gihe ufite ubwoba kubera icyemezo cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane ku ndwara ya Graves

Indwara ya Graves ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa kandi ivurwa neza iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ikakurikiranwa neza. Nubwo icyemezo gishobora kuguhagarara mu ntangiriro, ibuka ko abantu benshi babana n'iyi ndwara kandi bakabaho ubuzima bwiza.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukorana na baganga bawe no gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi. Abantu benshi batangira kumva bameze neza mu byumweru bike cyangwa amezi make nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi, kandi benshi bagera ku gukira burundu hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Nturetse indwara ya Graves igutegeke cyangwa iguhagarike intego zawe. Ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye no kwita ku buzima bwawe, ushobora gukomeza gukora ibikorwa ukunda kandi ukomeze ubuzima bwawe. Komeza ube maso ku ndwara yawe, ariko wizeye ubuvuzi bumaze kumenyekana kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho ku ndwara ya Graves

Ese indwara ya Graves ishobora gukira burundu?

Nubwo nta muti uhamye ugaragaza ko iyi ndwara itazongera kugaruka, abantu benshi bagera ku gukira igihe kirekire hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi. Imiti igabanya imisemburo y'umwijima ishobora gutera gukira ku bantu bagera kuri 30-50% nyuma y'imyaka 1-2 yo kuvurwa. Radioactive iodine na kubaga bigabanya iyi ndwara ariko bikunze gusaba gusimbuza imisemburo y'umwijima ubuzima bwose.

Ese nzagira ibiro nyuma yo kuvurwa indwara ya Graves?

Gutakaza ibiro ni ibintu bisanzwe igihe metabolism yawe isubira mu buryo kandi ibyo kurya byawe bishobora gukomeza kwiyongera igihe runaka. Ariko, ibi ntibisobanura ko uzaba ufite ibiro byinshi. Abantu benshi bagira ibiro bikwiye hakoreshejwe indyo ikwiye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubujyanama mu birebana n'imirire niba uhangayikishijwe no gucunga ibiro byawe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa.

Ese nashobora gutwita niba mfite indwara ya Graves?

Yego, abagore benshi barwaye indwara ya Graves bagira imbanyi, ariko bisaba ubuvuzi bukomeye. Hyperthyroidism idakurikiranwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubyara no gutwita, bityo ni ingenzi gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo wongere urwego rw'imisemburo y'umwijima mbere yo kugerageza gutwita. Imiti imwe ni myiza kurusha indi mu gihe cyo gutwita, bityo ubuvuzi bushobora guhinduka.

Biramba gute kumva umeze neza nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi?

Abantu benshi batangira kubona impinduka mu bimenyetso nko guhumeka nabi, guhangayika, no kujijinganya mu byumweru 2-4 nyuma yo gutangira imiti igabanya imisemburo y'umwijima. Kugira urwego rw'imisemburo y'umwijima bisanzwe bisaba ibyumweru 6-12. Ariko, ibimenyetso bimwe nko guhinduka kw'amaso cyangwa intege nke z'imikaya bishobora gutinda gukira kandi bishobora gusaba ubundi buvuzi.

Ese indwara ya Graves irangwa mu muryango?

Indwara ya Graves ifite ibintu by'imiterere y'umuntu, ariko ntiragwa mu muryango nk'irangi ry'amaso. Kugira umuntu wo mu muryango ufite indwara ya Graves cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri byongera ibyago, ariko abantu benshi bafite amateka y'umuryango ntibarwara iyi ndwara. Ibintu by'ibidukikije n'ibintu bitera iyi ndwara bigira uruhare mu iterambere ryayo.