Kubura Ubushyuhe (Heat Exhaustion): Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Uko Uvuzwa

Kubura ubushyuhe (Heat Exhaustion) ni iki?

Kubura ubushyuhe bibaho iyo umubiri wawe ushyushye cyane kandi udashobora kwihorera neza. Ni uburyo umubiri wawe ugukurikizaho ko uhanganye no kwiyongera kw’ubushyuhe kandi ukeneye ubufasha bw’ihutirwa.

Tekereza ko ari sisitemu yo guhorera umubiri wawe yarenze urugero. Iyo uri mu bushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ukora imyitozo ikomeye, umubiri wawe uhorera ukoresheje ibyuya n’amaraso menshi ajya ku ruhu rwawe. Ariko, iyo uburyo bwa kamere bwo guhorera budashobora gukurikirana, ubushyuhe bw’umubiri wawe bugenda bwiyongera, bigatuma ubushyuhe burambuye.

Iyi ndwara iri hagati y’ibisebe by’ubushyuhe (heat cramps) n’igicuri cy’ubushyuhe (heat stroke) mu ndwara ziterwa n’ubushyuhe. Nubwo ari ikintu gikomeye kurusha gushyuha gusa, kivurwa neza iyo kimenyekanye hakiri kare. Inkuru nziza ni uko kumenya ibimenyetso no gufata ingamba vuba bishobora kuburizamo ko bihinduka igicuri cy’ubushyuhe gikomeye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso byo kubura ubushyuhe?

Umubiri wawe utanga ibimenyetso by’umuburo iyo kubura ubushyuhe birimo kuba. Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko umubiri wawe uhangana no kugumana ubushyuhe busanzwe.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira birimo:

• Kwinyara cyane cyangwa guhagarika kunyara by’akanya gato
• Kumva unaniwe, unaniwe, cyangwa ufite iseseme
• Kugira isereri cyangwa kuruka
• Kubabara umutwe bitandukanye n’ububabare busanzwe bw’umutwe
• Imihango y’imitsi, cyane cyane mu maguru cyangwa mu nda
• Uruhu rukonje, rukonje nubwo wumva ushyushye
• Igisonga cyihuse, gito
• Kumva udasobanukiwe cyangwa ukazarara

Bamwe na bo babona uruhu rwabo ruhinduka rwera cyangwa rwijimye, kandi bashobora kumva barwaye cyangwa bagwa. Ubushyuhe bw’umubiri wawe bushobora kuba bwinshi ariko busanzwe buhora munsi ya 40°C. Niba ufite bimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, cyane cyane nyuma yo kuba mu bushyuhe, umubiri wawe urasaba guhorerwa no kuruhuka vuba.

Ni iki gitera kubura ubushyuhe?

Kubura ubushyuhe bibaho iyo umubiri wawe utakaza amazi n’umunyu mwinshi binyuze mu kunyara cyane. Ibi bisanzwe bibaho iyo uri mu bushyuhe bwinshi igihe kirekire cyangwa iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu bushyuhe.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera kubura ubushyuhe:

• Gukora cyangwa gukora imyitozo hanze mu minsi ishyushye kandi ifite umwuka mwinshi
• Kudakoresha amazi ahagije mbere, mu gihe, cyangwa nyuma yo kuba mu bushyuhe
• Kwambara imyenda iremeranye cyangwa imyenda ipfuye idatuma ubushyuhe buva neza
• Kuba ahantu hadafite umwuka uhagije hadafite air conditioning
• Kujya mu bushyuhe butunguranye igihe umubiri wawe utarabona umwanya wo kwiyubaka
• Kunywamo inzoga cyangwa kafeyin, bishobora kongera kuzimangana

Sisitemu yo guhorera umubiri wawe ishobora kandi kurenza urugero iyo umaze gucika amazi kubera indwara, imiti, cyangwa kudakoresha amazi ahagije umunsi wose. Ubushuhe bwinshi bituma bigorana cyane ko umubiri wawe uhorera kuko ibyuya bidatemba neza ku ruhu rwawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera kubura ubushyuhe?

Ugomba gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeza nubwo uhorerwa cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso by’igicuri cy’ubushyuhe. Kubura ubushyuhe bishobora kwihuta bikaba indwara ikomeye, bityo ni byiza kwirinda.

Hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye mu bitaro byihuse niba ufite:

• Ubushyuhe bw’umubiri burenze 40°C
• Kudashishoza, guhinduka kw’imitekerereze, cyangwa kugorana gutekereza neza
• Uruhu rushyuha, rukonje nta kunyara
• Igisonga cyihuse, gikomeye
• Guta ubwenge cyangwa kugwa
• Kurukira cyane bidakemura amazi
• Imihango

Ugomba kandi kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bitakira mu isaha imwe nyuma yo guhorerwa, cyangwa niba uhangayikishijwe n’ubuzima bwawe. Abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima cyangwa abafata imiti runaka bashobora kuba bakeneye gusuzuma ubuzima bwabo nubwo bafite ibimenyetso bito.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kubura ubushyuhe?

Umuntu wese arashobora kubura ubushyuhe, ariko ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma bamwe bahangayikishwa no gushyuha. Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bigufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe.

Imyaka ikina uruhare runini mu byago by’indwara ziterwa n’ubushyuhe:

• Abana bato n’abana bari munsi y’imyaka 4
• Abakuze barengeje imyaka 65
• Abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima nk’indwara z’umutima, diyabete, cyangwa indwara z’impyiko
• Abantu bafata imiti igira ingaruka ku kunyara cyangwa amaraso
• Abantu bafite ibiro byinshi cyangwa bafite umubyibuho ukabije
• Abakora imirimo hanze cyangwa mu bushyuhe
• Abakinnyi n’abantu bakora imyitozo ikomeye

Imiti imwe na imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byawe binyuze mu kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ugenzura ubushyuhe cyangwa amazi. Ibi birimo imiti imwe y’umuvuduko w’amaraso, imiti y’amazi, antihistamines, n’imiti y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Niba ufashe imiti yanditswe na muganga, ubaze muganga wawe cyangwa umuguzi w’imiti ku byago by’ubushyuhe.

Abantu batamenyereye ubushyuhe, nka ba mukerarugendo baturutse mu bihugu bikonje, nabo bari mu kaga kuko imibiri yabo itaramenyera guhangana n’ubushyuhe.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka byo kubura ubushyuhe?

Nubwo kubura ubushyuhe kuvurwa, kwirengagiza ibimenyetso by’umuburo bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Ikibazo cya hafi ni uguhinduka igicuri cy’ubushyuhe, gishobora guhitana ubuzima.

Niba bitavuwe, kubura ubushyuhe bishobora kuba:

• Igicuri cy’ubushyuhe gifite ubushyuhe bw’umubiri bwinshi cyane
• Gucika amazi bikomeye bisaba kujya mu bitaro
• Ibibazo by’impyiko biturutse ku gucika amazi igihe kirekire
• Ibibazo by’umutima, cyane cyane mu bantu bafite ibibazo by’umutima
• Kwangirika kw’ubwonko mu gihe gikomeye cy’igicuri cy’ubushyuhe

Bamwe mu bantu bafite kubura ubushyuhe bikomeye bashobora kandi kugira ubushobozi bwo gushyuha mu gihe kizaza. Ibi bivuze ko bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kongera kugira indwara ziterwa n’ubushyuhe, nubwo bafite ubushyuhe buke ugereranije n’ubusanzwe.

Inkuru nziza ni uko kuvurwa vuba bisanzwe bibuza ibi bibazo. Gufata kubura ubushyuhe nk’ikintu gikomeye no guhorera vuba bishobora guhagarika indwara zikomeye.

Uko wakwirinda kubura ubushyuhe

Kwivuza ni byiza kurusha kuvurwa. Uburyo bworoshye bushobora gufasha umubiri wawe guhora ukonje kandi ukagumana amazi ahagije mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe.

Dore uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda:

• Koresha amazi menshi umunsi wose, mbere yuko wumva ufite inyota
• Irinde cyangwa ugarukire inzoga n’ibinyobwa birimo kafeyin mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe
• Kwambara imyenda yoroheje, idafunze, ifite ibara ryera
• Fata ibiruhuko byinshi mu gicucu cyangwa ahantu hakonje
• Tegura ibikorwa byo hanze mu bice by’umunsi bikonje
• Koresha amavuta yo kwirinda izuba kugira ngo wirinde izuba, bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’umubiri wawe bwo guhorera
• Ongera buhoro buhoro igihe cyawe hanze kugira ngo umubiri wawe uhore umenyereye ubushyuhe

Niba ukora cyangwa ukora imyitozo hanze, fata ingamba zikomeye. Tangira ibikorwa buhoro buhoro kandi wiyongere buhoro buhoro. Reba ibimenyetso by’umuburo hakiri kare kuri wowe no ku bandi. Kugira ubufasha bw’inshuti bishobora gufasha guhamya ko hari umuntu ubona niba ufite ibimenyetso.

Ku bantu bari mu kaga, nka bakuze cyangwa abafite ibibazo by’ubuzima, ni ingenzi cyane kuguma ahantu hakonje mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe kandi ubaze abaganga ku bijyanye no guhindura imiti niba ari ngombwa.

Uko kubura ubushyuhe kupimwa

Abaganga bapima kubura ubushyuhe bashingiye ku bimenyetso byawe, ubushyuhe uheruka kuba urimo, no gusuzuma umubiri. Nta kizami kimwe cyo kubura ubushyuhe, ariko abaganga bashobora kwihuta bagasuzumira ubuzima bwawe kandi bagakuraho ibibazo bindi.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma, umuganga wawe azareba ubushyuhe bw’umubiri wawe, umuvuduko w’amaraso, n’umuvuduko w’umutima. Azakubaza ibyo uheruka gukora, amazi wakoresheje, n’igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye. Aya makuru amufasha gusobanukirwa uko kubura ubushyuhe kwawe ari kabi kandi uko ugomba kuvurwa.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gupimisha amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba ucika amazi, ubusumbane bw’ibintu by’ingenzi mu mubiri, cyangwa ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku mpyiko cyangwa izindi ngingo. Ibi bipimo bifasha kuyobora imiti kandi bihamya ko ukomeza gukira.

Ibizamini by’inkari bishobora kandi kwerekana uko ucika amazi. Inkari z’umukara, zikomeye, zikunze kugaragaza igihombo kinini cy’amazi, mu gihe inkari zera zigaragaza ko amazi ahagije.

Uko kubura ubushyuhe kuvurwa

Kuvura kubura ubushyuhe byibanda ku guhorera umubiri wawe no gusubiza amazi yatakaye. Uko utangiye kuvurwa vuba, ni ko uzakira vuba.

Uburyo bwo guhorera vuba birimo:

• Kujya ahantu hakonje, hacucu, cyangwa hakonje
• Gukuraho imyenda yinshi
• Gushyira imyenda ikonje, yonyoye ku ruhu rwawe
• Koga amazi akonje cyangwa koga niba bishoboka
• Gukoresha abafana kugira ngo bongere umwuka
• Gushyira ibintu byakonjeshejwe mu ijosi, mu maboko, no mu kibuno

Kugira ngo usubize amazi, nywa amazi akonje cyangwa ibinyobwa by’imikino birimo ibintu by’ingenzi mu mubiri. Irinde ibinyobwa birimo kafeyin cyangwa inzoga, kuko bishobora kongera kuzimangana. Niba uruka kandi udashobora kunywa amazi, ushobora kuba ukeneye amazi mu mutsi mu kigo nderabuzima.

Abantu benshi bafite kubura ubushyuhe batangira kumva barwaye mu minota 30 kugeza kuri 60 nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa. Ariko, bishobora gufata amasaha 24 kugeza kuri 48 kugira ngo ukire neza, cyane cyane niba wari ucika amazi cyane.

Uko witwara mu rugo mu gihe ufite kubura ubushyuhe

Kwita ku buzima bw’abantu mu rugo mu gihe bafite kubura ubushyuhe birimo gukomeza guhorera no gusubiza amazi buhoro buhoro. Kuruhuka ni ingenzi, bityo irinda ibikorwa bikomeye byibuze amasaha 24 nyuma y’ibimenyetso byawe bikira.

Komeza kunywa ibinyobwa bikonje buri gihe, na nyuma yuko wumva umeze neza. Amazi ni meza, ariko ibinyobwa birimo ibintu by’ingenzi mu mubiri bishobora gufasha gusubiza ibyo watakaje binyuze mu kunyara. Nywa buhoro buhoro aho kunywa byinshi icyarimwe, bishobora gutera isereri.

Komeza kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe. Niba utangiye kumva nabi, ukagira umuriro mwinshi, cyangwa ukaba udasobanukiwe, shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’uko kubura ubushyuhe birimo guhinduka igicuri cy’ubushyuhe.

Guma ahantu hakonje kandi wirinda kujya hanze mu bushyuhe kugeza igihe uzakize neza. Umubiri wawe ukeneye umwanya wo gusubiza ubushyuhe busanzwe no gusubiza amazi.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Niba ukeneye kujya kwa muganga kubera kubura ubushyuhe, kwitegura bishobora gufasha guhamya ko uboneye ubufasha bwiza. Andika ibimenyetso byawe, igihe byatangiye, n’icyo wakoraga igihe byatangiye.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose ufashe, harimo imiti yo mu rugo n’ibindi. Imiti imwe na imwe ishobora kongera ibyago byo kubura ubushyuhe, kandi umuganga wawe akeneye aya makuru kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha bukwiye.

Andika impinduka uheruka kugira mu buzima bwawe, urwego rw’ibikorwa, cyangwa imiti. Vuga kandi niba warigeze ufite indwara ziterwa n’ubushyuhe, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo uza kuvurwa.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ishobora gufasha gutanga amakuru niba ukiri kurwara cyangwa udasobanukiwe. Bashobora kandi kugufasha kwibuka amabwiriza akomeye yatanzwe n’umuganga wawe.

Icyingenzi cyo kuzirikana ku bijyanye no kubura ubushyuhe

Kubura ubushyuhe ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kwirindwa kandi ikavurwa neza. Umubiri wawe utanga ibimenyetso by’umuburo iyo uhangana n’ubushyuhe, kandi gusubiza vuba bishobora kuburizamo ibibazo bikomeye.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kwirinda ari byiza kurusha kuvurwa. Kuguma ufite amazi ahagije, kuruhuka mu bushyuhe, no gutega amatwi umubiri wawe bishobora kukurinda mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso, ntubirengagize. Guhorera vuba no kuruhuka bisanzwe bikemura kubura ubushyuhe neza. Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bikomeza cyangwa bikira mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga.

Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe n’ingamba zikwiye bigufasha kwishimira ubushyuhe neza mu gihe urinda ubuzima bwawe.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho ku bijyanye no kubura ubushyuhe

Birama igihe kingana iki gukira kubura ubushyuhe?

Abantu benshi batangira kumva barwaye mu minota 30 kugeza kuri 60 nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa. Ariko, gukira neza bisanzwe bifata amasaha 24 kugeza kuri 48. Muri icyo gihe, ugomba kuruhuka, guhora ukonje, no gukomeza kunywa amazi. Umubiri wawe ukeneye umwanya wo gusubiza ubushyuhe busanzwe no gusubiza amazi n’ibintu by’ingenzi mu mubiri yatakaye.

Urashobora kubura ubushyuhe imbere mu nzu?

Yego, ushobora kubura ubushyuhe imbere mu nzu, cyane cyane ahantu hadafite umwuka uhagije hadafite air conditioning. Ibi bisanzwe bibaho mu mazu ashyushye, imodoka, cyangwa ahantu hakora hadafite uburyo bwo guhorera. Kubura ubushyuhe imbere mu nzu ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kuko abantu bashobora kutamenya ibyago iyo batari mu zuba.

Ni iki gitandukanya kubura ubushyuhe n’igicuri cy’ubushyuhe?

Kubura ubushyuhe birimo kunyara cyane, kunanirwa, no kuruka ubushyuhe bw’umubiri busanzwe buri munsi ya 40°C. Igicuri cy’ubushyuhe gikomeye, gifite ubushyuhe bw’umubiri burenze 40°C, guhinduka kw’imitekerereze, kandi kenshi uruhu rukonje nta kunyara. Igicuri cy’ubushyuhe ni ubutabazi bw’abaganga bukeneye kuvurwa vuba, mu gihe kubura ubushyuhe bishobora guhangana no guhorera no kuruhuka.

Ni byiza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nyuma yo kubura ubushyuhe?

Ugomba kwirinda imyitozo ikomeye byibuze amasaha 24 nyuma y’ibimenyetso byo kubura ubushyuhe bikira. Iyo usubiye mu bikorwa, tanga buhoro buhoro kandi wiyongere buhoro buhoro mu minsi mike. Umubiri wawe ushobora kuba ufite ubushobozi bwo gushyuha igihe runaka, bityo fata ingamba zikomeye zo kunywa amazi no guhorera mu gihe cy’imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Ese imiti imwe na imwe ishobora gutuma kubura ubushyuhe kuba byinshi?

Yego, ubwoko butandukanye bw’imiti bushobora kongera ibyago byo kubura ubushyuhe. Ibi birimo imiti y’amazi, imiti imwe y’umuvuduko w’amaraso, antihistamines, n’imiti imwe y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Niba ufashe imiti yanditswe na muganga, ubaze muganga wawe ku byago by’ubushyuhe niba ukeneye gufata ingamba zikomeye mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe.