Icyo Umuntu Akwiye Kumenya Ku birebana n’igituntu cy’umugongo (Herniated Disk): Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Igituntu cy’umugongo kibaho iyo igice cyoroshye, gisa n’amavuta, cy’igice cy’umugongo kigenda kinyura mu kibaba cyacyo gikomeye. Tekereza nk’amavuta ava muri donut iyo uyimennye cyane.

Iki kibazo kirakomeye kandi kigira ingaruka kuri miliyoni z’abantu buri mwaka. Nubwo gishobora gutera ububabare bukomeye, inkuru nziza ni uko ibyinshi mu bituntu by’umugongo bikira byonyine ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye n’igihe gikwiye.

Igituntu cy’umugongo ni iki?

Umugongo wawe ugizwe n’ibice 23 by’umugongo bikora nk’ibikoresho hagati y’amagufwa y’umugongo. Buri gice gifite uruziga rukomeye rwitwa annulus n’igice cyoroshye, gisa n’amavuta, cyitwa nucleus.

Iyo uruziga rukomeye rugize umwenda cyangwa ahantu hacye, ibintu biri imbere bishobora kuzamuka cyangwa gusohoka. Ibi bituma abaganga bita igituntu cy’umugongo, cyangwa disiki yavunitse.

Ibintu byavuye mu gice cy’umugongo bishobora gukanda ku mitsi iri hafi, bigatera ububabare, uburibwe, cyangwa intege nke. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bafite ibibazo by’igituntu cy’umugongo badafite ibimenyetso na bimwe.

Ibimenyetso by’igituntu cy’umugongo ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by’igituntu cy’umugongo bitandukanye cyane bitewe n’aho igituntu kiri niba gikanda ku mutsi. Bamwe mu bantu nta bimenyetso bagira, abandi bagira ububabare bukomeye.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Ububabare bukabije, butembera mu kuguru (sciatica) cyangwa mu kuboko
• Uburibwe cyangwa ukubira mu gice kibabaye
• Intege nke y’imitsi mu kuguru, ikirenge, ukuboko, cyangwa ukuboko
• Ububabare bwaka cyangwa bubabaza mu mugongo cyangwa mu ijosi
• Ububabare buzamuka iyo wicaye, ugiye, cyangwa ugiye gukorora
• Ubugufi mu mugongo cyangwa mu ijosi

Ibimenyetso bidafatika ariko bikomeye birimo intege nke ikomeye mu maguru yombi, kubura ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu gifu cyangwa mu mara, cyangwa ububabare bukomeye butunguranye. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa.

Aho igituntu cy’umugongo kiri niho uzumva ibimenyetso. Igituntu cy’umugongo wo hasi gisanzwe gitera ububabare mu kuguru, mu gihe igituntu cy’umugongo wo hejuru gisanzwe kigira ingaruka ku kuboko na za ntoki.

Ubwoko bw’igituntu cy’umugongo ni ubuhe?

Igituntu cy’umugongo giklasifikwa bitewe n’aho kiri ku mugongo wawe n’ingano yacyo. Gusobanukirwa ibi bitandukanye bishobora kugufasha kuvugana neza n’abaganga bawe.

Bitewe n’aho kiri, igituntu cy’umugongo kiba mu duce dutatu nyamukuru:

• Igituntu cy’umugongo wo hasi (lumbar) - gisanzwe, kigira ingaruka kuri 90% by’ibibazo
• Igituntu cy’umugongo wo hejuru (cervical) - cya kabiri gisanzwe
• Igituntu cy’umugongo wo hagati (thoracic) - kidakunze kubaho ariko gishobora kuba gikomeye

Bitewe n’ubukomeye, abaganga bavuga ko igituntu cy’umugongo ari:

• Igituntu cy’umugongo cyazamutse - igice cy’umugongo kizamuka ariko kiguma mu kibaba cyacyo
• Igituntu cy’umugongo cyavunitse - ibintu bimwe biri imbere biramenagurika ariko bikaguma bifitanye isano
• Igituntu cy’umugongo cyavuye - ibintu biri imbere biramenagurika kandi bitandukana n’igice cy’umugongo
• Sequestration - ibice by’ibintu byavuye mu gice cy’umugongo biramenagurika burundu

Buri bwoko bushobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye, nubwo uburemere budahora buhuye n’ububabare wumva.

Intandaro y’igituntu cy’umugongo ni iyihe?

Igituntu cy’umugongo giterwa n’imbaraga z’imyaka n’ibintu byihariye. Ibice by’umugongo wawe bisanzwe bitakaza amazi n’ubushobozi bwo kugenda uko ugenda ukura, bigatuma byoroshye gusenyuka.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera igituntu cy’umugongo:

• Gusakaza kw’igituntu cy’umugongo bitewe n’imyaka (intandaro isanzwe)
• Guhagarika ibintu biremereye nabi
• Guhindukira cyangwa guhindukira mu gihe uheka
• Imvune ikomeye iterwa no kugwa cyangwa impanuka
• Gukoresha cyane mu kazi cyangwa imikino
• Umuntu w’umubyi ugomba gushyira umuvuduko mwinshi ku bice by’umugongo

Rimwe na rimwe, indwara z’umuzuko zidafatika zishobora gutuma ibice by’umugongo byoroshye gusenyuka. Ibi birimo indwara z’imiterere y’umubiri cyangwa ibibazo by’umugongo byavutse.

Mu bihe byinshi, nta ntandaro imwe isobanuka. Igice cy’umugongo cyawe gishobora kuba cyari kigenda gisakaza gahoro gahoro kugeza igihe igikorwa cyoroshye nko guhumeka cyangwa kugendera gitera igituntu cy’umugongo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera igituntu cy’umugongo?

Ukwiye kuvugana n’abaganga bawe niba ububabare bw’umugongo cyangwa ijosi bugira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi cyangwa bukaba bimaze iminsi mike. Gusuzuma hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bigufasha gukira vuba.

Shaka ubuvuzi bw’abaganga kubera ibi bimenyetso:

• Ububabare butembera mu kuboko cyangwa mu kuguru
• Uburibwe, ukubira, cyangwa intege nke mu ntoki
• Ububabare buzamuka nubwo uruhuka kandi ukoresha imiti yo kwivuza
• Kugorana gukora ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Kubura ibitotsi kubera ububabare

Fata ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa ako kanya niba ufite:

• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu gifu cyangwa mu mara
• Intege nke ikomeye mu maguru yombi
• Uburibwe mu kibuno cyangwa mu bibero by’imbere
• Ububabare bukomeye butunguranye

Ibi bimenyetso by’ihutirwa, nubwo bidafatika, bishobora kugaragaza igitutu gikomeye ku mitsi bisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa kugira ngo birinde ibibazo bya burundu.

Ibyago byo kugira igituntu cy’umugongo ni ibihe?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kurinda ubuzima bw’umugongo wawe. Hari ibintu ushobora kuyobora, ibindi ni ubuzima gusa.

Imyaka ni yo ntandaro y’ibyago udashyiraho. Ibyinshi mu bituntu by’umugongo bibaho hagati y’imyaka 30 na 50, iyo ibice by’umugongo bitangira gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kugenda ariko abantu bagikora cyane.

Ibyago byo kuyobora birimo:

• Umuntu urengeje ibiro ashyira umuvuduko mwinshi ku mugongo
• Itabi, rigabanya umwuka ugera ku bice by’umugongo kandi rihutisha gusakaza
• Imikorere mibi y’umubiri mu bikorwa bya buri munsi
• Kubura imyitozo ngororamubiri bisanzwe bigatuma imitsi ihamye iba ikeye
• Imibereho isaba guheka ibintu biremereye, kugendera, cyangwa guhindukira
• Imikino cyangwa ibikorwa bikomeye

Ibyago bidafatika birimo:

• Gutangira ibibazo by’igituntu cy’umugongo
• Igitsina gabo (ibyago bihanitse gato)
• Imvune z’umugongo zabanje
• Imibereho imwe n’imwe ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ku mugongo

Kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzagira igituntu cy’umugongo. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi ntibagira ibibazo, abandi bafite ibyago bike barabigira.

Ingaruka zishoboka z’igituntu cy’umugongo ni izihe?

Ibyinshi mu bituntu by’umugongo bikira nta ngaruka mbi, ariko ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ibyashoboka niba ikibazo kigenda kibi cyangwa ntikivurwe. Kumenya hakiri kare bifasha gukumira ibi bibazo.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zishobora kubaho zirimo:

• Ububabare buhoraho bumaara amezi cyangwa imyaka
• Ibibazo by’imitsi bya burundu biterwa n’intege nke
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kumva mu bice bibabaye
• Gukora ibintu bigoye cyangwa gukora ibikorwa byoroshye
• Igituntu cy’umugongo gisubira mu gice kimwe cyangwa hafi

Ingaruka zidafatika ariko zikomeye zirimo:

• Cauda equina syndrome - igitutu ku mitsi itera kubura ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu gifu cyangwa mu mara
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo gukora imitsi mu ntoki
• Saddle anesthesia - uburibwe mu bice byakora ku gicuku
• Ibibazo by’imitsi bikomeza kwiyongera

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho kandi zikunze kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Abantu benshi barakira cyangwa bakira hafi ya bose igituntu cy’umugongo bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda igituntu cy’umugongo ni ubuhe?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda burundu igituntu cy’umugongo, cyane cyane icyo mu myaka, ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byacyo ukoresheje imibereho myiza. Kwivuza kwibanda ku kugumisha umugongo wawe ukomeye kandi ugira ubushobozi bwo kugenda.

Ingamba nyamukuru zo kwirinda zirimo:

• Kugumana ibiro byiza kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko ku mugongo
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kugira ngo ukomeze imitsi y’umubiri n’umugongo
• Gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo guheka - kora amavi, ntukore umugongo
• Kugumana imikorere myiza y’umubiri mu gihe wicaye kandi uhagaze
• Kureka itabi kugira ngo wongere ubuzima bw’ibice by’umugongo
• Guhagarara kenshi uvuye mu kwicara igihe kirekire
• Kuryama ku buriri bufite ibikoresho byiza

Kwivuza ku kazi harimo:

• Gukoresha ibikoresho byiza byo kwicara no gukora
• Guhagarara kenshi kugira ngo ukore imyitozo
• Guhabwa ubufasha mu gihe uheka ibintu biremereye
• Kwirinda guhindukira kenshi

Nubwo ibi bintu bidashobora kukwizeza ko ntuzagira igituntu cy’umugongo, bizagufasha cyane mu buzima bw’umugongo wawe kandi bigabanye ibyago byose.

Uburyo bwo kuvura igituntu cy’umugongo ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bw’igituntu cy’umugongo busanzwe butangira buhoro buhoro kandi bugakomeza gusa niba bikenewe. Abantu benshi barakira cyane ukoresheje ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6-12.

Ubuvuzi bwa mbere budakoresha ubuvuzi burimo:

• Kuruhuka no guhindura ibikorwa (kwirinda ibikorwa bituma biba bibi)
• Imiti yo kugabanya ububabare yo kwivuza nka ibuprofen cyangwa acetaminophen
• Ubukonje mu masaha 48 ya mbere, hanyuma ubushyuhe
• Gukora imyitozo myoroheje uko bishoboka
• Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri kugira ngo ukomeze imitsi ihamye

Niba ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi budafasha nyuma y’ibyumweru 6-8, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutekereza:

• Imiti yo kugabanya ububabare cyangwa imiti yo kwirinda imitsi
• Injishi ya epidural steroid kugira ngo igabanye kubyimba
• Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri buzwi
• Ubuvuzi bwa Chiropractic (habonetse uburenganzira bw’abaganga)
• Acupuncture yo kuvura ububabare

Ubuvuzi bukoreshwa gusa iyo:

• Ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi bunaniranye nyuma y’amezi 3-6
• Ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye by’imitsi
• Ufite intege nke zikomeza kwiyongera
• Ibimenyetso by’ihutirwa nka cauda equina syndrome bigaragaye

Uburyo bwo kuvura burimo microdiskectomy, laminectomy, cyangwa mu bihe bidafatika, gusimbuza igituntu cy’umugongo. Umuganga wawe azakubwira uburyo bukwiye kuri wewe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura igituntu cy’umugongo mu rugo ni ubuhe?

Kuvura mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gukira igituntu cy’umugongo. Ihuriro ryiza ryo kuruhuka, ibikorwa, no kwita ku buzima bishobora kwihutisha cyane igikorwa cyo gukira.

Uburyo bwo kuvura ububabare ushobora kugerageza mu rugo burimo:

• Shyiramo ubukonje iminota 15-20 inshuro nyinshi ku munsi mu masaha 48 ya mbere
• Hindukira ku bushyuhe nyuma y’uko kubyimba bishize
• Fata imiti yo kugabanya kubyimba yo kwivuza uko byategetswe
• Koresha ibitambaro byiza mu gihe uryamye kugira ngo ugumane umugongo wawe
• Kora imyitozo myoroheje uko byategetswe n’abaganga bawe

Guhindura ibikorwa ni ingenzi kimwe:

• Kwima kwicara igihe kirekire, cyane cyane mu ntebe zoroheje
• Guhagarika kenshi uvuye mu rugendo
• Kwima guheka ibintu biremereye, kugendera, cyangwa guhindukira
• Kuryama ku ruhande ufite igitambaro hagati y’amavi
• Kwiyongera gahoro gahoro uko ububabare bugenda bugabanuka

Wibuke ko kuruhuka ku buriri iminsi irenga 1-2 bishobora kugabanya igikorwa cyo gukira. Kugenda buhoro buhoro no gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe bisanzwe bifasha kurusha ubunebwe bwuzuye.

Uko wakwitegura gusura umuganga wawe

Kwitunganya gusura umuganga wawe bigufasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza kandi buhamye. Gutegura neza bigufasha kwizigamira igihe kandi bigafasha umuganga wawe gusobanukirwa neza uko uhagaze.

Mbere yo gusura umuganga wawe, andika:

• Igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye n’icyo wakoraga
• Ibisobanuro birambuye by’ububabare bwawe (aho buri, uburemere, imiterere)
• Icyatuma ibimenyetso byawe bigenda bigabanuka cyangwa bikazamuka
• Imiti yose n’ibindi bikoresho ukoresha
• Imvune z’umugongo cyangwa ubuvuzi wabanje
• Uko ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi

Zana ibi:

• Urutonde rw’imiti ukoresha
• Inyandiko z’ubuvuzi zabanje zijyanye n’ibibazo by’umugongo
• Amakuru y’ubwisungane bw’ubuzima n’ibyangombwa
• Isuzuma ryose ry’amashusho umaze gukora
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo ubaze umuganga wawe

Ibibazo byiza byo kubaza birimo igihe gukira bisanzwe bimaara, ibikorwa ukwiye kwirinda, igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi, n’ibimenyetso by’ububabare bikwiye kwitabwaho ako kanya.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane ku birebana n’igituntu cy’umugongo

Ikintu gikomeye cyo gusobanukirwa ku birebana n’igituntu cy’umugongo ni uko kivurwa cyane, kandi abantu benshi barakira neza bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye. Nubwo ububabare bushobora kuba bukomeye kandi butera ubwoba, iki kibazo ntikihora gitera ibibazo bya burundu.

Igihe kenshi ni cyo kigufasha gukira. Ibyinshi mu bituntu by’umugongo birakira cyane mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6-12 ukoresheje ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi, kandi abantu benshi basubira mu bikorwa byabo byose.

Kwitabira kwawe mu buvuzi bigira uruhare runini. Gukurikiza inama z’abaganga bawe, kuguma ukora uko bishoboka, no kugira imitekerereze myiza byose bigira uruhare mu kugira ibyiza.

Ntuzuyaze gushaka ubufasha niba uhanganye n’ibimenyetso. Ubuvuzi bwa hakiri kare bukunze gutuma ukira vuba kandi bugafasha gukumira ingaruka mbi. Ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye, ushobora gusubira mu buzima bwawe neza.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho ku birebana n’igituntu cy’umugongo

Igituntu cy’umugongo gishobora kwikira cyonyine?

Yego, ibyinshi mu bituntu by’umugongo bishobora kwikira byonyine hafi ya buri gihe. Umubiri wawe ufite uburyo bwo gukira bushobora kongera gukura ibintu byavuye mu gice cy’umugongo no kugabanya kubyimba hafi y’imitsi ibazwe.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko 80-90% by’abantu bafite igituntu cy’umugongo barakira cyane mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6-12 batakoresheje ubuvuzi. Ariko rero, ibi ntibisobanura ko ukwiye kwirengagiza ibimenyetso cyangwa kwirinda ubuvuzi - ubuvuzi bukwiye bushobora kwihutisha igikorwa cyo gukira no gukumira ingaruka mbi.

Igihe kingana iki igituntu cy’umugongo kimaara kugira ngo gikire?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu, ariko abantu benshi babona iterambere rikomeye mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6-12 by’ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi. Bamwe bumva bameze neza mu byumweru bike, abandi bashobora gufata amezi menshi.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku gihe cyo gukira birimo imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ingano n’aho igituntu kiri, n’uko ukora neza inama z’ubuvuzi. Kuguma ukora uko bishoboka kandi ukakurikiza inama z’abaganga bawe bisanzwe bituma ukira vuba.

Ni byiza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ufite igituntu cy’umugongo?

Yego, imyitozo myoroheje isanzwe ari ingirakamaro kandi ikunze gusabwa mu gukira igituntu cy’umugongo. Ikintu nyamukuru ni uguhitamo imyitozo myiza no kwirinda ibikorwa bituma ibimenyetso byawe bigenda biba bibi.

Kugenda, koga, n’imyitozo myoroheje yo kwicara bisanzwe ari byiza kandi bifasha. Ariko rero, ukwiye kwirinda ibikorwa bikomeye, guheka ibintu biremereye, n’imyitozo isaba guhindukira cyangwa kugendera kugeza igihe ibimenyetso byawe bigabanutse. Buri gihe menya ukoresha umuganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gahunda y’imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Nzakenera ubuvuzi bw’abaganga kubera igituntu cy’umugongo?

Abantu benshi bafite igituntu cy’umugongo ntibakenera ubuvuzi bw’abaganga. Abantu bagera kuri 5-10% bafite igituntu cy’umugongo nibo bakenera ubuvuzi bw’abaganga.

Ubuvuzi bw’abaganga busanzwe butekerezwaho gusa iyo ubuvuzi budakoresha ubuvuzi bunaniranye nyuma y’amezi menshi, ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye by’imitsi, cyangwa ufite ingaruka z’ihutirwa nko kubura ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu gifu. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ubuvuzi bw’abaganga busanzwe ari bwo buhamye iyo bukenewe.

Igituntu cy’umugongo gishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nubwo bishoboka ko igituntu cy’umugongo gisubira, gufata ingamba zo kwirinda bigabanya cyane ibyago byabyo. Bamwe mu bantu bagira igituntu cy’umugongo gisubira mu gice kimwe cyangwa hafi.

Urashobora kugabanya ibyago byo gusubiraho ukoresheje ibiro byiza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kugira ngo ukomeze imitsi y’umubiri, gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo guheka, no kwirinda ibikorwa bishira umuvuduko mwinshi ku mugongo. Abantu benshi bakize igituntu cy’umugongo ntibabona ikindi.