Ese ni iki HIV/SIDA? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) ni virusi itera indwara igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, cyane cyane igatera ibura ry'uturemangingo twa CD4 dufasha kurwanya indwara. Iyo HIV idakurikiranwe, ishobora gutera SIDA (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), ariyo ntera ya nyuma y'ubwandu bwa HIV. Ubu hafi hari imiti myiza, abantu bafite HIV bashobora kubaho igihe kirekire, bakagira ubuzima bwiza kandi bakirinda kuyanduza abandi.

HIV ni iki?

HIV ni virusi igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri binyuze mu gusenya uturemangingo duturinda indwara. Tekereza ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ari itsinda ry'abarinzi b'umubiri wawe, kandi HIV igaba igitero ku bayobozi b'iryo tsinda. Virusi yihinduranya muri izi turemangingo z'ubudahangarwa, buhoro buhoro ikagabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara zimwe na zimwe na kanseri.

HIV bivuga Human Immunodeficiency Virus kuko igira ingaruka ku bantu gusa, itera ibura ry'ubudahangarwa, kandi ikaba mu muryango wa virusi. Virusi itera ibura ry'uturemangingo twa CD4 T-helper, ari two turemangingo tweruye duhuza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Uko izi turemangingo zisenywa, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugenda bugabanuka.

SIDA ni iki?

SIDA ni intera ya nyuma y'ubwandu bwa HIV, imenyekana iyo umubare w'uturemangingo twa CD4 ugabanutse munsi ya 200 cells kuri microliter cyangwa iyo umuntu arwaye indwara zikomeye cyangwa kanseri. Si buri wese ufite HIV urwara SIDA, cyane cyane iyo avuriwe neza. SIDA ibaho iyo HIV yangije cyane ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, ikagutera kwibasirwa n'indwara zishobora kwica, indwara umubiri ufite ubudahangarwa bwiza wakwirinda.

Kuva kuri HIV kugera kuri SIDA bisanzwe bifata imyaka iyo utabonye ubuvuzi. Ariko, kubera ubuvuzi bugezweho bwa antiretroviral, abantu benshi bafite HIV ntibagera kuri SIDA kandi bashobora kugira ubudahangarwa bwiza cyangwa bugufi yabwo mu buzima bwabo bwose.

Ibimenyetso bya HIV ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya HIV bihinduka bitewe n'icyiciro cy'ubwandu, kandi bamwe bashobora kutabona ibimenyetso mu myaka myinshi. Ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kuba bito kandi bikaba byoroshye kubyitiranya n'izindi ndwara zisanzwe. Reka turebe ibyo ushobora kubona mu bihe bitandukanye.

Mu gihe cy'ubwandu bukabije (ibyumweru 2-4 nyuma yo kwandura), ushobora kubona ibimenyetso nk'iby'umurwayi wa grippe, birimo:

• Umuhango n'igituntu
• Umutwe ukomeye
• Kubabara umubiri n'amagufwa
• Kubabara umuhogo
• Umuhogo ubabara
• Uruhu rureruye (akenshi ku gatuza, mu maso, cyangwa mu maboko)
• Umunaniro ukabije
• Ibyuya byinshi nijoro

Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe biba ibyumweru 1-2 hanyuma bikagenda uko umubiri wawe utangira gukora imiti irwanya HIV. Abantu benshi bibeshya ko ari grippe cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa na virusi.

Mu gihe cy'ubwandu burambye, HIV ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bike cyangwa nta bimenyetso na bimwe mu myaka myinshi. Ibi bita igihe kitagaragara, ariko virusi ikomeza kwiyongera kandi ikangiza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Bamwe bashobora kubona ibimenyetso bito nk'umunaniro udashira.

Uko HIV igenda yerekeza kuri SIDA, ibimenyetso bikomeye bishobora kuza:

• Umuhango udashira
• Impiswi idashira igihe kirekire cyane
• Umunaniro udashira
• Gutakaza ibiro byihuse
• Kwibasirwa n'indwara zikomeye zikomeye kuvura
• Indwara zidasanzwe z'uruhu
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa guhuzagurika
• Inkorora idashira

Wibuke ko kugira ibi bimenyetso bidakubwira ko ufite HIV. Izindi ndwara nyinshi zishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi, niyo mpamvu gupimwa ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza.

Intandaro ya HIV ni iki?

HIV iterwa no kwandura Human Immunodeficiency Virus, iyanduza binyuze mu mizi y'umubiri runaka. Virusi ntishobora kubaho igihe kirekire hanze y'umubiri w'umuntu kandi isaba guhura n'imizi runaka kugira ngo yandure umuntu.

HIV yandura binyuze muri iyi mizi y'umubiri iyo ihura n'ingingo z'umubiri, imvune, cyangwa ikinjira mu maraso:

• Amaraso
• Umusambi n'amazi yo mu gitsina
• Amazi yo mu gitsina cy'umugore n'ay'inyuma
• Amata ya nyina

Uburyo busanzwe HIV yanduramo harimo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye n'umuntu wanduye, gusangira inshinge cyangwa ibinini, no kuva ku mubyeyi ku mwana mu gihe cyo gutwita, kubyara, cyangwa konsa. Guhabwa amaraso byahoze ari inzira yo kwandura, ariko gupima byabigize bitoroshye cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere kuva mu 1985.

Ni ngombwa kumva ko HIV idashobora kwandura binyuze mu guhura bisanzwe nko guhoberana, gusomana, gusangira ibiryo, cyangwa gukora ku bintu. Virusi ni nto cyane kandi ipfa vuba iyo ihuriye n'umwuka.

Iyo ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera HIV?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga gupimwa HIV niba warahuriye na virusi cyangwa ukora ibikorwa byongera ibyago byo kuyandura. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza kandi ukirinde kuyanduza abandi.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'iby'umurwayi wa grippe nyuma y'ibyumweru 2-4 nyuma yo guhura na HIV. Nubwo ibi bimenyetso bishobora guterwa n'ibintu byinshi, ni byiza gupimwa ukamenya neza. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kunoza cyane ibyavuye mu buzima bwawe bw'igihe kirekire.

Tekereza gupimwa HIV buri gihe niba ufite abashakanye benshi, ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge byinjizwa mu mubiri, ufite umukunzi ufite HIV, cyangwa warwaye izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. CDC irasaba ko buri wese uri hagati y'imyaka 13-64 apimwa nibura rimwe nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi busanzwe.

Niba utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita, gupimwa HIV ni ngombwa cyane kuko ubuvuzi bushobora gukumira kwanduza umwana wawe. Kubera ubuvuzi bwiza, ibyago byo kwanduza umwana kuva ku mubyeyi bishobora kugabanuka ku kigero kiri munsi ya 2%.

Ibyago byo kwandura HIV ni ibihe?

Imikorere n'imimerere bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura HIV, ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko umuntu wese ashobora kwibasirwa uko yaba ameze kose, uko yaba ari kose, ubwoko bwe, cyangwa imibonano mpuzabitsina. Gusobanukirwa ibyago bifasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ibyago byo kwandura binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina birimo:

• Gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye
• Kugira abashakanye benshi
• Gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina n'umuntu utazi uko ahagaze ku bijyanye na HIV
• Kugira izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
• Kuba uri uwo wakira mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina y'inyuma

Ibyago bijyanye n'ibiyobyabwenge birimo gusangira inshinge, ibinini, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo gutera ibiyobyabwenge n'umuntu ufite HIV. Ibi birimo gusangira ibikoresho byo gutera ibiyobyabwenge, imiti igabanya imisemburo, cyangwa imiti yongera imbaraga.

Ibindi byago birimo guhabwa amaraso cyangwa inzego z'umubiri mu bihugu bitapima neza, kugira akazi kagushyira mu kaga ko guhura n'amaraso yanduye na HIV, no kuvuka ku mubyeyi ufite HIV utaravuwe mu gihe cyo gutwita.

Kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzandura HIV, kandi abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibandura. Ibi byago bigaragaza gusa igihe ugomba kwitondera cyane no gupimwa buri gihe.

Ingaruka zishoboka za HIV ni izihe?

Iyo HIV idakurikiranwe, ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye uko igenda igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ariko, kubera ubuvuzi bwiza n'ubuvuzi, ingaruka nyinshi muri izi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gufashwa neza.

Indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa buke ni zo ngaruka zisanzwe z'ubwandu bwa HIV budakurikiranwe. Izi ni indwara zidasanzwe ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa buke, ariko zishobora kwica iyo ubudahangarwa buke:

• Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
• Tuberculose
• Candidiasis (thrush) mu kanwa, mu muhogo, cyangwa mu gitsina
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections
• Toxoplasmosis igira ingaruka ku bwonko
• Cryptococcal meningitis

Kanseri zimwe na zimwe zishobora kuba nyinshi mu bantu bafite HIV ikomeye, harimo Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, na kanseri y'inkondo y'umura mu bagore. Zimwe muri izi kanseri zivugwa ko ari zo zituma umuntu arwara SIDA kuko zishobora kugaragaza ko umuntu amaze kugera kuri SIDA.

Ingaruka ku bwonko zishobora kubaho iyo HIV igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko, bishobora gutera ibibazo byo kwibuka, guhuzagurika, kugorana kwibanda, cyangwa guhinduka kw'imyitwarire. Bamwe bashobora kurwara HIV-associated dementia mu bihe bikomeye.

Ibindi bibazo bishobora kubaho birimo indwara z'impyiko, ibibazo by'umwijima (cyane cyane mu bantu banduye na hepatite B cyangwa C), indwara z'umutima, n'ibibazo by'amagufwa nk'osteoporosis. Ibi bibazo byinshi ubu birarenga mu bantu bavurwa HIV buri gihe.

HIV imenyekanwa gute?

HIV imenyekana binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bishakisha virusi ubwayo cyangwa imiti umubiri wawe ukora kugira ngo urwanye HIV. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima, buri bwo bufite igihe cyo kubona ibisubizo n'uburyo bwo kwizera bitandukanye.

Ibisanzwe bipimwa ni ibizamini by'imiti, bishakisha poroteyine umubiri wawe ukora mu kurwanya HIV. Ibi bipimo bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe amaraso ava mu mutsi, amaraso ava mu ntoki, cyangwa amazi yo mu kanwa. Ibisubizo bisanzwe biboneka mu minsi mike cyangwa icyumweru kimwe.

Ibisubizo byihuse bishobora gutanga ibisubizo mu minota 20 cyangwa munsi yaho kandi biboneka muri za kliniki nyinshi, ibigo by'abaturage, no mu ngo. Nubwo ari byoroshye, ibisubizo byihuse byiza bisaba ko hakorwa ikindi kizamini cyiza cyo muri laboratwari.

Ibisohoka by'antigène/antibody bishobora kubona HIV hakiri kare kurusha ibizamini by'antibody gusa kuko bishakisha imiti ya HIV n'antigène p24, poroteyine iba mu virusi. Ibi bizamini bisanzwe bishobora kubona HIV mu byumweru 2-6 nyuma yo kwandura.

Niba ibizamini bya mbere byiza, muganga wawe azategeka ibindi bizamini kugira ngo abemeze ko ibisubizo ari byiza. Ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini bipima umubare wa virusi (umubare wa virusi uri mu maraso yawe) n'umubare wa CD4 (ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe).

Ubuvuzi bwa HIV ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa HIV burimo gufata imiti ivangwa hamwe yitwa antiretroviral therapy (ART) buri munsi. Iyi miti ikora binyuze mu kuburizamo ibice bitandukanye by'ubuzima bwa HIV, ikabuza virusi kwiyongera kandi ikemerera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri gukira.

Ubuvuzi bwa HIV bugezweho busanzwe burimo gufata imiti 1-3 buri munsi, akenshi ivangwa hamwe mu kinyobwa kimwe kugira ngo birorohe. Intego ni uguteza umubare wa virusi kugeza ku kigero kitagaragara, bivuze ko virusi idashobora kuboneka mu bipimo bisanzwe by'amaraso kandi idashobora kwandura abashakanye.

Uduce tw'imiti ya HIV twamenyekanye harimo:

• Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
• Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
• Protease inhibitors (PIs)
• Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)
• Entry or fusion inhibitors

Muganga wawe azahitamo imiti ikwiranye bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe, izindi miti ufata, ingaruka zishoboka, n'ibyo ukunda. Abantu benshi batangira kuvurwa vuba nyuma yo kubona uburwayi, uko umubare wa CD4 waba uhagaze kose.

Ubuvuzi ni ubw'ubuzima bwose, ariko iyo ufata imiti buri gihe, abantu bafite HIV bashobora kwitega kubaho igihe kirekire nk'abantu badafite HIV. Gukurikirana buri gihe bifasha kwemeza ko imiti ikora kandi bikaba bishoboka kuyihindura iyo bibaye ngombwa.

Uko wakwitwara iwawe ufite HIV

Kwitwara iwawe ufite HIV birimo gufata imiti yawe nk'uko yategetswe no kugira imikorere myiza y'ubuzima ishyigikira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Kugira umuhate mu gufata imiti yawe ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora.

Fata imiti yawe ya HIV igihe kimwe buri munsi, ntukayireke, kandi ntuyireke naho waba wumva umeze neza. Shyira ibyibutso kuri telefoni, koresha ibikoresho byo kubika imiti, cyangwa shaka uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bugufasha kwibuka. Kureka gufata imiti bishobora gutuma virusi yiyongera kandi ikaba ishobora kurwanya imiti yawe.

Shyigikira ubuzima bwawe rusange unywa indyo yuzuye, ukora siporo buri gihe, ukorora bihagije, kandi ugahangana n'umunaniro. Funga indyo yuzuye irimo imbuto, imboga, ibiryo byuzuye, n'ibinyampeke. Komeza ukore siporo uko ubyumva, ugerageze gukora nibura iminota 30 y'imikino yoroheje buri munsi.

Kwirinda kwandura no kurinda abandi binyuze mu gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye, kwirinda gusangira inshinge, no kubwira abaganga uko uhagaze ku bijyanye na HIV. Komeza kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kandi ukore ibizamini by'izindi ndwara.

Shyiraho itsinda ry'abantu bagushyigikira, abo mu muryango, inshuti, abaganga, n'amatsinda y'abafite HIV. Gucunga uburwayi burambye biroroshye iyo utumva uri wenyine muri uwo mujyo.

Uko HIV yakwirindwa

Kwivura HIV birimo kugabanya ibyago byo guhura na virusi binyuze mu buryo butandukanye. Uburyo bwiza cyane akenshi buhuza uburyo butandukanye bwo kwirinda hashingiwe ku mimerere yawe n'ibyago byawe.

Gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye ni ingenzi mu kwirinda HIV. Koresha agakingirizo k'ikaramu cyangwa icy'ikaramu y'umukara neza kandi buri gihe mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina y'inyuma, iy'imbere, n'iy'akanwa. Gabanya umubare w'abashakanye, kandi uganire ku bijyanye no gupimwa HIV n'uko umuntu ahagaze n'abashakanye.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ni imiti ifatwa buri munsi ishobora kugabanya ibyago bya HIV ku kigero kiri hejuru ya 90% mu bantu bafite ibyago byinshi. PrEP ishobora kugufasha niba ufite umukunzi ufite HIV, abashakanye benshi, cyangwa utera ibiyobyabwenge.

Niba ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, ntukagire inshinge, ibinini, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo gutera ibiyobyabwenge. Akarere kenshi gatanga gahunda yo guhanahana inshinge zitanduye. Tekereza gushaka ubuvuzi bw'ibiyobyabwenge niba witeguye.

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) ni imiti y'ubuvuzi bwihuse ishobora gukumira HIV niba itangiye mu masaha 72 nyuma yo guhura nayo. PEP irimo gufata imiti ya HIV iminsi 28 kandi irakorwa nyuma yo guhura n'akaga mu kazi cyangwa gufatwa ku ngufu.

Gupimwa HIV buri gihe bigufasha kumenya uko uhagaze no gushaka ubuvuzi vuba niba bibaye ngombwa. Abantu bafite HIV kandi bafata imiti nk'uko yategetswe bashobora kugira umubare wa virusi utari ugaragara, bivuze ko badashobora kwanduza abashakanye.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitwara neza mbere yo kujya kwa muganga kubera ibibazo bya HIV cyangwa ubuvuzi bifasha kwemeza ko uzabona ibyiza byo kujya kwa muganga. Kwitonda no kubwira muganga wawe ukuri bizatuma uhabwa ubuvuzi bwiza.

Andika ibibazo byawe mbere yo kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo wibuke ibibazo by'ingenzi. Harimo ibibazo bijyanye no gupimwa, uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka, guhindura imikorere, cyangwa uburyo bwo kwirinda. Ntukabe umuntu ubaza ibibazo byinshi - muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza uko uhagaze.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, imiti y'inyongera, na vitamine ufata ubu, harimo umubare n'igihe uyifata. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe kwirinda imiti mibi kandi ahitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Tegura kuganira ku mateka yawe y'imibonano mpuzabitsina n'uko ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge ukuri. Muganga wawe akeneye amakuru nyayo kugira ngo asuzume ibyago byawe, agutegeke ibizamini bikwiye, kandi aguhe ubuvuzi bwiza. Wibuke ko abaganga babujijwe gutanga amakuru y'abantu kandi batari aho kugusuzugura.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagushyigikire, cyane cyane niba uhangayikishijwe no kujya kwa muganga. Kugira umuntu uri kumwe bishobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi no kugufasha mu gihe cy'ibiganiro bikomeye.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri HIV

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kumenya kuri HIV ni uko ari uburwayi burambye bushobora kuvurwa ubu, si urupfu nk'uko byahoze. Abantu bafite HIV bavurwa neza bashobora kubaho igihe kirekire, bagira ubuzima bwiza kandi bagirana imibanire myiza.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugire ibyavuye mu buzima byiza. Imiti ya HIV ishobora kugabanya virusi kugeza ku kigero kitagaragara, bivuze ko udashobora kwanduza abashakanye kandi ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe buguma bukomeye. Iyi ngingo, izwi nka "kitagaragara bingana no kutaduza" cyangwa U=U, yahinduye uburyo bwo kwirinda HIV no kuyivura.

Kwivura bikomeza kuba ngombwa, kandi hari uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda niba udafite HIV kandi ushaka kubugumamo cyangwa ufite HIV kandi ushaka kurinda abandi. Guhera ku kakingirizo na PrEP kugeza ku buvuzi nk'uburyo bwo kwirinda, uburyo butandukanye bushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwanduza.

Wibuke ko HIV idasuzugura bitewe n'imyaka, ubwoko, igitsina, cyangwa imibonano mpuzabitsina. Umuntu wese ashobora kwibasirwa, niyo mpamvu gupimwa buri gihe no kuganira ku buzima bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina ni ngombwa kuri buri wese. Hamwe n'ubumenyi, kwitegura, no kuvurwa neza, HIV ntigomba kugabanya intego zawe cyangwa imibanire yawe.

Ibibazo byakenshi bibazwa kuri HIV

Urashobora kwandura HIV binyuze mu gusomana?

Gusomana kenshi kandi igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ibyago bike cyane niba bombi bafite amaraso ava mu menyo cyangwa ibikomere mu kanwa, ariko nta gihe byigeze biboneka mu gusomana gusa. Gusomana bisanzwe nta kaga bitera kuko HIV idashobora kwandura binyuze mu mpiswi. Virusi ikeneye kwinjira mu maraso yawe cyangwa ingingo z'umubiri binyuze mu maraso yanduye, umusambi, amazi yo mu gitsina, cyangwa amata ya nyina.

Urashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki ufite HIV udafite ubuvuzi?

Iyo udafite ubuvuzi, HIV isanzwe igera kuri SIDA mu myaka 8-10, nubwo ibi bihinduka cyane mu bantu. Bamwe bashobora kugira imbaraga vuba, abandi (bitwa abantu badakira vuba) baguma bafite ubudahangarwa bwiza mu myaka myinshi. Ariko, kubera ubuvuzi bugezweho bwa antiretroviral, abantu bafite HIV bashobora kwitega kubaho igihe kirekire nk'abantu badafite HIV.

HIV irakira?

Ubu, nta muti wa HIV, ariko ubuvuzi bushobora kuyigenzura neza ku buryo itagaragara mu bipimo by'amaraso. Abashakashatsi bakomeza gukora ku miti ishobora gukiza, harimo uburyo bwo "gusenya no kwica" n'uburyo bwo kuvura imisemburo. Umubare muto cyane w'abantu bakize burundu binyuze mu gusimbuza utwenge tw'amaraso, ariko ibi si ubuvuzi bukorerwa abantu benshi.

HIV ishobora kwandura binyuze mu biryo cyangwa amazi?

HIV ntishobora kwandura binyuze mu biryo, amazi, cyangwa guhura bisanzwe. Virusi ni nto cyane kandi ipfa vuba iyo ihuriye n'umwuka, ubushyuhe, cyangwa imiti isanzwe yo kwisukura. Ntushobora kwandura HIV uvuye mu gusangira ibiryo, ibinyobwa, ibikoresho, intebe zo mu bwiherero, cyangwa piscine. Kwanduza bisaba guhura n'amaraso yanduye, umusambi, amazi yo mu gitsina, cyangwa amata ya nyina.

Kutagaragara kwa virusi bisobanura iki?

Kutagaragara kwa virusi bisobanura ko imiti ya HIV yagabanije umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe ku kigero kiri hasi ku buryo ibizamini bisanzwe bidashobora kuyibona. Ibi bisobanura ko hari kopi ziri munsi ya 50 za virusi kuri mililitiro y'amaraso. Iyo umubare wa virusi utari ugaragara kandi ugumye uko mu mezi nibura atandatu, ntushobora kwanduza abashakanye, nubwo udafite agakingirizo.