Indwara ya HPV Ni Iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Indwara ya HPV iterwa na virusi yitwa human papillomavirus (HPV), imwe mu ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zikunze kugaragara ku isi hose. Abantu benshi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina bazayirwara rimwe na rimwe mu buzima bwabo, akenshi batabizi.

Uru rugingo rwa virusi rugizwe n'ubwoko burenze 100, kandi nubwo bishobora kugaragara nkibintu byinshi, hano hari amakuru ashimishije: ubudahangarwa bwawe bwumubiri bukuraho ubwandu bwa HPV neza mu myaka ibiri. Tekereza kuri HPV nk'ikintu umubiri wawe ushobora guhangana nawo wenyine, kimwe nuko uhangana na grippe isanzwe.

Indwara ya HPV Ni Iki?

Indwara ya HPV ibaho iyo virusi ya human papillomavirus yinjiye mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu bibyimba bito cyangwa mu mbuto z'uruhu. Virusi nto cyane ku buryo ibyo bibyimba bikunze kuba bito cyane kandi bitagaragara.

Umubiri wawe uhura n'iyi virusi ahanini binyuze mu mubiri ku mubiri mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Ikintu gitandukanya HPV n'izindi ndwara ni uko ishobora kuba mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire cyangwa imyaka myinshi mbere yo kugaragara, niba igaragaye.

Virusi igabiza utunyangingo mu bice nka by'ibitsina, akanwa, umuhogo, rimwe na rimwe mu ntoki cyangwa amaguru. Akenshi, ubudahangarwa bwawe bwumubiri bumenya HPV nk'umushyitsi utari mwiza kandi bukora nta kintu uzi kugira ngo uyikureho.

Ibimenyetso by'Indwara ya HPV Ni Ibihe?

Indwara nyinshi za HPV nta bimenyetso bigaragara, niyo mpamvu abantu benshi batazi ko bayirwaye cyangwa ko bayirwaye. Umubiri wawe ukuraho ubwandu mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora gutandukana bitewe nubwoko bwa HPV ufite n'aho bugira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe. Dore ibyo ushobora kubona:

• Ibibyimba bito, byera cyangwa by'umukara mu gitsina (ibitsina)
• Ibitsina bigaragara nkibyoroheje, byuzuye, cyangwa bifite imiterere nk'iy'ibiti by'ibiti
• Kuryaryata cyangwa kubabara hafi y'aho byagaragaye
• Kuva amaraso mu gihe cyangwa nyuma y'imibonano mpuzabitsina (mu bihe bimwe na bimwe)
• Ibitsina bisanzwe ku ntoki, intoki, cyangwa hafi y'imisumari
• Ibitsina byo ku birenge byo hasi

Niba ubona ibibyimba bidasanzwe cyangwa impinduka mu gitsina cyawe, birakwiye ko wihangayika. Ibuka ko ibitsina, nubwo bidashimishije, ari nta ngaruka kandi bishobora kuvurwa.

Ubwoko bw'Indwara ya HPV Ni Buhe?

Ubwoko bwa HPV bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi hashingiwe ku ngaruka zishobora kugira ku buzima. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bice bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibisubizo by'ibizamini cyangwa ibiganiro n'abaganga bawe.

Ubwoko bwa HPV buke (nk'ubwoko bwa HPV 6 na 11) busanzwe butera indwara zitari mbi nko kuba ibitsina. Ubwoko nk'ubwo buke butera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubwiza cyangwa ubunezerwe kuruta ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima.

Ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi (harimo HPV 16 na 18) bufite ubushobozi bwo gutera impinduka mu miterere y'utunyangingo bishobora gutera kanseri nyuma y'igihe. Ariko, kugira ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi ntibivuze ko uzatera kanseri - bivuze gusa ko muganga wawe azakurinda cyane.

Hariho kandi ubwoko bwa HPV bugira ingaruka ku bice bitari iby'ibitsina, butera ibitsina bisanzwe ku ntoki, amaguru, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri. Ubwoko nk'ubwo busanzwe bwandura binyuze mu mubiri ku mubiri aho kuba mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Intandaro y'Indwara ya HPV Ni Iki?

HPV ikwirakwira binyuze mu mubiri ku mubiri n'umuntu ufite iyo virusi. Uburyo busanzwe abantu barwara HPV yo mu gitsina ni mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, harimo imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gitsina, mu kibuno, no mu kanwa.

Ushobora kwandura HPV nubwo umukunzi wawe wanduye nta bimenyetso bigaragara. Virusi ishobora kuba ku ruhu rudasibutswe na kondomu, niyo mpamvu kondomu, nubwo zifasha, ntizirinda HPV neza.

Gake, HPV ishobora kwandura binyuze mu bundi buryo bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa, gake, kuva ku mubyeyi ku mwana mu gihe cy'ibyibarutse. Ubwoko bwa HPV butari ubwo mu gitsina butera ibitsina bisanzwe bushobora kwandura binyuze mu mubiri ku mubiri nko guhana ibiganza cyangwa gukora ku bintu byanduye.

Birakomeye kumva ko kwandura HPV ntabwo bigaragaza ikintu na kimwe ku bijyanye n'imico yawe cyangwa amahitamo yawe. Iyi virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane, kandi abantu benshi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina bayihuraho rimwe na rimwe, uko abakunzi bafite baba bangana kose.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Kubona Muganga kubera Indwara ya HPV?

Ukwiye kuvugana n'abaganga bawe niba ubona ibibyimba bishya, ibibyimba, cyangwa impinduka mu gitsina cyawe. Nubwo ibyo bitaba bihuriye na HPV, bihora byiza kubimenyeshwa n'umwuga.

Tegura gahunda yo kubona muganga niba ufite kuva amaraso bidasanzwe mu gihe cyangwa nyuma y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ububabare buhoraho mu gitsina, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bikuhangayikishije. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba HPV cyangwa ikindi kibazo gishobora kuba gituma ugira ibyo bimenyetso.

Nubwo udafite ibimenyetso, isuzuma rya buri gihe ni ingenzi. Abagore bagomba gukurikiza gahunda y'isuzuma rya Pap smear, kuko ibyo bizamini bishobora kumenya impinduka mu miterere y'utunyangingo iterwa nubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi mbere yuko bigira ingaruka zikomeye.

Niba umukunzi wawe yaravuweho HPV cyangwa ibitsina, birakwiye kuvugana n'abaganga bawe, nubwo wumva umeze neza. Bashobora kugira inama ku bijyanye no gupima no kwirinda.

Ibyago byo kwandura HPV Ni Ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kwandura HPV, nubwo ari ngombwa kwibuka ko umuntu wese ukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ashobora kwandura iyo ndwara, uko urwego rw'ibyago rwe rumeze kose.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Kugira abakunzi benshi cyangwa umukunzi wagize abakunzi benshi
• Kuba waratangiye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina uri muto ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri bugikura
• Kugira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke kubera indwara, imiti, cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima
• Kugira uruhu rwangirijwe mu bice HPV ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe
• Kutaterwa inkingo ya HPV
• Kunywa itabi, bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara

Kugira ibyago ntibihamya ko uzandura HPV, kimwe no kutagira ibyago ntibikurinda. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumva ibyo bintu kugira ngo ubashe gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwawe n'uburyo bwo kwirinda.

Ingaruka zishoboka zo kwandura HPV Ni Izihe?

Nubwo indwara nyinshi za HPV zikira ubwazo zitagira ingaruka, zimwe zishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima niba zitarakurikiranwa. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha gukomeza kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Ingaruka ikomeye cyane ni iterambere rya kanseri, nubwo bisanzwe bimamara imyaka myinshi kandi bigira ingaruka ku kigero gito cy'abantu bafite ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi. Dore ingaruka zishoboka:

• Kanseri y'umuyoboro w'inda (kanseri ikunze kugaragara ya HPV mu bagore)
• Kanseri y'umuyoboro w'ibyondo mu bagabo n'abagore
• Kanseri y'igitsina mu bagabo
• Kanseri y'igitsina n'iy'imbere mu bagore
• Kanseri y'umutwe n'umuyoboro, harimo kanseri y'umuhogo n'akanwa
• Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (indwara idakunze kugaragara igira ingaruka ku muhogo)
• Ingaruka zo gutwita niba ibitsina byabujije inzira y'ibyibarutse

Ibuka ko izo ngaruka zidafite akamaro kanini kandi zisanzwe zigaragara gusa nyuma y'ubwandu bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi budakurikiranwa. Isuzuma rya buri gihe no kwitabwaho n'abaganga bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda Indwara ya HPV Ni Buhe?

Amakuru meza ni uko indwara ya HPV ishobora kwirindwa cyane binyuze mu gukingira no mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ikwiye. Urukingo rwa HPV ni kimwe mu bikoresho byiza dufite byo kwirinda iyo ndwara.

Urukingo rwa HPV rukora neza iyo rutangwa mbere yuko utangira gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, ariko rushobora kugira akamaro nubwo umaze kuyikora. Urukingo rurinda ubwoko bwa HPV buteje akaga kandi rusabwa abana bato, urubyiruko, n'abantu bakuru kugeza ku myaka 45.

Uretse gukingira, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe binyuze muri iyi mikorere:

• Koresha kondomu buri gihe, nubwo ntizirinda neza
• Kugabanya umubare w'abakunzi
• Kuba mu rukundo rw'umukunzi umwe gusa wapimwe
• Kwirinda imibonano mpuzabitsina igihe wowe cyangwa umukunzi wawe afite ibitsina bigaragara
• Kutanywa itabi, kuko bigabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya HPV

Nubwo hari uburyo bwo kwirinda, guhura na HPV bisanzwe mu bantu bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukoresha hamwe uburyo bwo kwirinda hamwe no kwitabwaho n'abaganga no gupima.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Indwara ya HPV Ni Buhe?

Nta buvuzi bwabugenewe bushobora gukiza HPV ubwayo, ariko ibyo ntibihangayikisha nkuko bishobora kugaragara. Ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri bukorana neza mu gukuraho ubwandu bwa HPV neza, akenshi mu myaka ibiri.

Ubuvuzi bugamije guhangana n'ibimenyetso no guhangana n'impinduka mu miterere y'utunyangingo virusi ishobora gutera. Niba ufite ibitsina, ubuvuzi bufatika bushobora kubikuraho no kugabanya ububabare:

• Imiti yo kwisiga mu rugo (nk'imiquimod cyangwa podofilox)
• Uburyo bwo kuvura mu biro nk'ubukonjesha (ubukonjesha)
• Electrocautery (gutwika ibitsina hamwe n'umuriro w'amashanyarazi)
• Ubuvuzi bwa laser kubitsina bikomeye cyangwa binini
• Kubaga mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Kubera utunyangingo tudasanzwe tw'umuyoboro w'inda twatewe na HPV ifite ibyago byinshi, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba harimo uburyo bwo gukuraho utunyangingo twanduye, nka LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure) cyangwa cone biopsy. Ibyo bivuriro bisanzwe bikorwa mu biro by'abaganga kandi bifite akamaro cyane.

Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ukukuraho ibitsina bigaragara cyangwa utunyangingo tudasanzwe mu gihe ushyigikira ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kugenzura virusi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Indwara ya HPV mu rugo Ni Buhe?

Nubwo utazi gukiza HPV mu rugo, ushobora gufata ingamba zo gushyigikira ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri n'ubuzima muri rusange. Ubudahangarwa bukomeye bw'umubiri ni umufasha wawe mwiza mu gufasha umubiri wawe gukuraho virusi neza.

Fata umwanya wo kugira imikorere myiza y'ubuzima ikomeza ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye yuzuye imbuto, imboga, n'ibiribwa bikomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Kuryama bihagije (amasaha 7-9 ku bagore bakuru)
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kugira ngo ushyigikire ubuzima bw'umubiri muri rusange
• Guhangana n'umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka, gutekereza, cyangwa ibikorwa ukunda
• Kwirinda kunywa itabi no kugabanya kunywa inzoga
• Fata imiti yagutegetswe cyangwa kwisiga imiti nkuko byategetswe

Niba ufite ibitsina, komeza aho byagaragaye hameze neza kandi humye, kandi wirinda kubikoraho cyangwa kubikubita. Kwambara imyenda y'ipamba kandi wirinde imyenda ipfuye ishobora kubabaza aho byagaragaye.

Ibuka ko gushyigikira ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri ni ingamba z'igihe kirekire. Gira umwanya umubiri wawe ukorera kugira ngo ugenzure ubwandu.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga Ni Gute?

Kwitunganya mbere yo gusura muganga bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n'abaganga bawe kandi bikaguha amakuru yose ukeneye. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byose wabonye, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse.

Andika urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubaza. Ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kuba birimo: "Ni ubwoko ki bwa HPV mfite?" "Ibi bisobanura iki ku buzima bwanjye?" "Nshobora kubwira umukunzi wanjye gute?" na "Ni iki gikorwa cyo gukurikirana nkeneye?"

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti, ibintu byongera imbaraga, cyangwa vitamine ufata. Kandi, tegura kuganira ku mateka yawe y'imibonano mpuzabitsina ukuri - muganga wawe akeneye ayo makuru kugira ngo aguhe ubuvuzi bwiza kandi ntabwo ariho kugukorera imanza.

Niba uhangayikishijwe no gusura muganga, tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagushyigikire. Ibuka ko muganga wawe afite ubunararibonye kuri HPV kandi ashaka kugufasha kuguma muzima.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri HPV Ni Iki?

Indwara ya HPV ikunze kugaragara cyane, kandi kuyirwara ntibikugaragaza cyangwa ngo bigaragaze ibyiza by'ubuzima bwawe bwa nyuma. Abantu benshi barwara HPV ntibagira ingaruka zikomeye, kandi ubudahangarwa bwabo bw'umubiri bukuraho ubwandu neza.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ushobora gukora ni ukumenya amakuru, kubona ubuvuzi buhoraho, no gukurikiza inama z'abaganga bawe ku bijyanye no gupima no kuvura. Ibibazo by'ubuzima bifitanye isano na HPV bishobora kwirindwa cyane binyuze mu buvuzi bukwiye.

Uko uhanganye n'ubundi bwenge bwa HPV cyangwa uhangayikishijwe no kwirinda, ibuka ko ufite ibikoresho bifatika: gukingira, isuzuma rya buri gihe, no kuvura bikora neza igihe bikenewe. Ntabwo uri wenyine muri ibi, kandi ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye, ushobora kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe n'amahoro yawe yo mu mutima.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaza kuri HPV

Q1: HPV ishobora gukira burundu?

Nta buvuzi bukuraho HPV burundu mu mubiri wawe, ariko ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri busanzwe bukuraho ubwandu neza mu myaka ibiri. Nubwo virusi igumye mu mubiri wawe, ikunze kuba idakora kandi ntigira ingaruka ku buzima. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uguhangana n'ibimenyetso no kwirinda ingaruka aho kugira ngo "ukize" virusi ubwayo.

Q2: Ndagomba kubwira umukunzi wanjye niba mfite HPV?

Yego, birakomeye kugirana ikiganiro cy'ukuri n'umukunzi wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwawe bwa HPV. Ibi bimwemerera gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwe no gushaka ubuvuzi bukwiye niba bikenewe. Ibuka ko HPV ikunze kugaragara cyane, kandi kugirana icyo kiganiro bigaragaza ko witaye ku buzima bwawe n'ubwabo.

Q3: Nshobora kwandura HPV ukundi nyuma yuko umubiri wanjye uyikuyemo?

Yego, ushobora kwandura ubwoko butandukanye bwa HPV mu buzima bwawe bwose. Gukuraho ubwoko bumwe ntibikurinda izindi. Ariko, ntushobora kwandura ukundi ubwoko bumwe bwa HPV nyuma yuko ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri bubukuyemo. Niyo mpamvu urukingo rwa HPV rushobora kugira akamaro nubwo umaze kwandura HPV.

Q4: Urukingo rwa HPV ni rwoheza kandi rufite akamaro?

Urukingo rwa HPV ni rwoheza kandi rufite akamaro cyane. Rwizewe cyane kandi rwakurikiranwe imyaka irenga 15, rufite amateka meza yo kuba rwoheza. Urukingo rurinda ubwandu bw'ubwoko bwa HPV butera kanseri nyinshi z'umuyoboro w'inda n'ibitsina. Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe ari nto, nko kubabara aho urukingo rwatewe cyangwa kubabara by'igihe gito.

Q5: Ni igihe kingana iki HPV imara gutera kanseri?

Kanseri zifitanye isano na HPV zisanzwe zikura buhoro buhoro, akenshi bimamara imyaka 10-20 cyangwa irenga kuva ubwandu bwatangiye kugeza iterambere rya kanseri. Iyo iterambere ridafite akamaro ni amakuru meza kuko itanga uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima no kuvura hakiri kare. Isuzuma rya buri gihe rishobora kumenya impinduka mu miterere y'utunyangingo mbere yuko ziba kanseri, bikemerera kuvurwa neza.