Hyperparathyroidism ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uburyo bwo kuvura

Hyperparathyroidism ibaho iyo ibyitso byawe bya parathyroid bikora cyane, bigatuma hormone ya parathyroid inyurwa mu maraso yawe, bigatuma urwego rwa calcium mu maraso yawe ruzamuka kurusha uko bikwiye. Aya matso ane mato ari mu ijosi ryawe asanzwe afasha kugenzura calcium mu mubiri wawe, ariko iyo akora cyane, bishobora guhungabanya ubu busanzwe.

Nubwo izina rishobora kuba ridasobanutse, hyperparathyroidism iravurwa neza iyo imenyekanye. Abantu benshi babana n'ibimenyetso bito mu myaka myinshi batamenye icyabiteye, niyo mpamvu gusobanukirwa iyi ndwara bishobora guhumuriza ababonye ibisubizo by'ibibazo byabo.

Hyperparathyroidism ni iki?

Hyperparathyroidism ni uburwayi aho ibyitso byawe bya parathyroid bikora cyane, bigatuma hormone ya parathyroid inyurwa cyane mu maraso yawe. Tekereza kuri aya matso nk'abagenzuzi ba calcium mu mubiri wawe - asanzwe agumana urwego rukwiye rwa calcium mu maraso yawe.

Iyo aya matso akora cyane, akura calcium myinshi mu magufwa yawe kandi abwira impyiko zawe gukura calcium myinshi kurusha uko bikenewe. Ibi bituma habaho ingaruka mu mubiri wawe wose, kuko calcium igira uruhare rukomeye mu mikorere y'imikaya, itumanaho ry'imiterere, n'imbaraga z'amagufwa.

Ubu burwayi bugera kuri umwe mu bantu 1000, abagore barengeje imyaka 50 aribo benshi babimenywaho. Ariko, bushobora kubaho mu kigero icyo aricyo cyose kandi bugatera abagabo, nubwo bake.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze ni bwo bwoko busanzwe, ibaho iyo kimwe cyangwa birengeje ibyitso byawe bya parathyroid bigira ikibazo cyabyo. Ibi bigera kuri 85% by'imibare kandi bisanzwe bibaho kubera udukoko duto, tutarwaye, twitwa adenoma, dukura kuri kimwe mu byitso.

Hyperparathyroidism y'uburyo bwa kabiri iterwa n'ubundi burwayi butera urwego rwa calcium ruke mu mubiri wawe. Ibyitso byawe bya parathyroid bikora cyane kugira ngo bigerageze kubikemura, akenshi bitewe n'uburwayi bw'impyiko, ikibazo cya vitamine D, cyangwa ibibazo byo kubona calcium mu mara yawe.

Hyperparathyroidism y'uburyo bwa gatatu ni gake cyane kandi isanzwe iba mu bantu bafite uburwayi bw'impyiko bwa kera. Muri iki gihe, ibyitso bya parathyroid byakoreye cyane igihe kirekire ku buryo bitashobora gusubira mu kazi gasanzwe nubwo ikibazo cy'ibanze kivuwe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya hyperparathyroidism?

Abantu benshi bafite hyperparathyroidism yoroheje bagira ibimenyetso bito byiyongera buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Ushobora kubona izi mpinduka zinjira mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi utabanje kubihungaza n'uburwayi.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira birimo:

• Uburwayi buhoraho budakira n'ikiruhuko
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa ufite imbaraga nke kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Impinduka z'imitekerereze, harimo kwiheba cyangwa kurakara
• Intege nke y'imikaya, cyane cyane mu maguru
• Kubabara mu ngingo cyangwa mu magufwa
• Kunywa cyane no kwinjira cyane
• Isesemi cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Impatwe
• Amabuye y'impyiko

Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba. Ibi birimo guhungabana bikomeye, gutera kw'umutima hadakozwe neza, cyangwa kubabara cyane mu nda, bishobora kugaragaza urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru cyane rusaba ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba.

Icy'ingenzi, bamwe mu bantu bafite hyperparathyroidism bumva bameze neza kandi babimenya gusa binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe. Ibi ntibisobanura ko iyi ndwara idakora ku mubiri wawe - bisobanura ko ibimenyetso byawe bitaragaragara.

Ni iki gatera hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze isanzwe iterwa n'udukoko duto, tutarwaye, dukura kuri kimwe mu byitso byawe bya parathyroid. Aya adenoma agera kuri 80-85% by'imibare kandi asanzwe agira ingaruka kuri kimwe mu byitso, nubwo rimwe na rimwe byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka.

Gake, hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze ishobora guterwa na:

• Kubyimbagira kw'ibyitso byinshi bya parathyroid (hyperplasia)
• Indwara z'umuzuko zirakomoka nk'indwara za neoplasia nyinshi (MEN)
• Gake cyane, kanseri ya parathyroid
• Kuba wararashwe mu ijosi
• Imiti imwe, cyane cyane lithium ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya bipolar

Hyperparathyroidism y'uburyo bwa kabiri iterwa n'ibibazo bikomeye umubiri wawe uhura na byo mu kugenzura calcium. Impamvu zisanzwe zirimo uburwayi bw'impyiko, ikibazo gikomeye cya vitamine D, cyangwa ibibazo byabuza amabara yawe kubona calcium uko bikwiye.

Mu bihe byinshi, impamvu nyayo ituma umuntu arwara hyperparathyroidism ntiramenyekana. Imyaka isa n'igira uruhare, kuko iyi ndwara iba myinshi uko tugenda dukera, cyane cyane ku bagore nyuma y'igihe cyo kubyara.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera hyperparathyroidism?

Ukwiye gutekereza kujya kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi bikomeza ibyumweru, cyane cyane umunaniro, intege nke, impinduka z'imitekerereze, cyangwa kubabara mu magufwa bidaterwa n'impamvu isobanutse. Aya mamenyetso ashobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe kandi ashobora kugaragaza urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru.

Tegura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga vuba niba ufite amabuye y'impyiko, cyane cyane niba ari ubwa mbere cyangwa niba ufite amabuye menshi. Amabuye y'impyiko ashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyambere cya hyperparathyroidism, kandi kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mu gihe kizaza.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nko guhungabana bikomeye, kubabara cyane mu nda, gutera kw'umutima hadakozwe neza, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo gucika amazi. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cya hyperparathyroid, gisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba.

Niba ufite ibyago nko kugira amateka y'uburwayi bw'imisemburo mu muryango wawe cyangwa ufite lithium igihe kirekire, banira muganga wawe kugenzura calcium buri gihe. Kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka no kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura.

Ni ibihe byago bya hyperparathyroidism?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara hyperparathyroidism, nubwo kugira ibi byago ntibihamya ko uzayirwara. Kubyumva bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kuba maso ku bimenyetso byambere.

Ibyago bikomeye birimo:

• Kuba umugore urengeje imyaka 50, cyane cyane nyuma y'igihe cyo kubyara
• Kugira amateka y'uburwayi bwa hyperparathyroidism cyangwa indwara zifitanye isano n'imisemburo mu muryango wawe
• Kuba wararashwe mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi
• Kunywa imiti ya lithium mu kuvura indwara ya bipolar
• Kugira indwara z'umuzuko zirakomoka nka MEN-1 cyangwa MEN-2
• Uburwayi bw'impyiko buhoraho
• Ikibazo gikomeye, kirambye cya vitamine D
• Indwara zimwe z'igogorwa zigira ingaruka ku kubona calcium

Imyaka n'igitsina bigira uruhare rukomeye, iyi ndwara iba myinshi inshuro eshatu ku bagore kurusha abagabo. Ibyago byiyongera cyane nyuma y'igihe cyo kubyara, bishobora guterwa n'impinduka z'imisemburo zigira ingaruka ku kubona calcium.

Kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu byago ntibisobanura ko uzirwara hyperparathyroidism. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibayirwara, abandi badafite ibyago byagaragaye barayirwara. Kwisuzumisha buri gihe bishobora gufasha kubona impinduka mu rwego rwa calcium hakiri kare.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka za hyperparathyroidism?

Iyo idakuweho, hyperparathyroidism ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, kuko umubiri wawe ukomeza guhangana n'urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru igihe kirekire. Inkuru nziza ni uko kuvurwa neza bishobora gukumira ingaruka nyinshi kandi bigasubiza inyuma zimwe muri zo.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo:

• Osteoporosis no kongera ibyago byo kuvunika amagufwa kuko calcium ikurwa mu magufwa
• Amabuye y'impyiko, ashobora kugaruka kandi akatera ububabare bukomeye
• Imyonjo y'impyiko bitewe n'urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru igihe kirekire
• Guhungabana kw'umutima bitewe n'urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru
• Udukoko tw'igifu bitewe no kongera umusemburo w'igifu
• Kwiheba n'ibibazo byo gutekereza bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru

Mu bihe bike, urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru cyane rushobora gutera ikibazo cya hyperparathyroid. Iki kibazo cy'ubuzima gishobora gutera guhungabana kw'umutima, guhungabana bikomeye, koma, cyangwa no kunanirwa kw'impyiko. Ibi ni gake kandi bisanzwe bibaho iyo iyi ndwara idamenyekanye kandi idakuweho igihe kirekire.

Ingaruka nyinshi ziterwa buhoro buhoro mu myaka, bisobanura ko kubimenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora kubikumira burundu. Nubwo ingaruka zimaze kubaho, nyinshi zishobora kunoza cyane hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura hyperparathyroidism.

Hyperparathyroidism imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya hyperparathyroidism bisanzwe bitangira hakoreshejwe ibizamini by'amaraso bipima urwego rwa calcium na hormone ya parathyroid. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibi bipimo niba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa niba ibizamini bisanzwe bigaragaza urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru.

Ibizamini by'ingenzi byo gupima birimo:

• Urwego rwa calcium mu maraso (akenshi ruri hejuru muri hyperparathyroidism)
• Urwego rwa hormone ya parathyroid (PTH) (akenshi ruri hejuru cyangwa rudasanzwe)
• Urwego rwa vitamine D kugira ngo habeho gukumira ikibazo
• Ibizamini byo gupima imikorere y'impyiko
• Gupima urwego rwa calcium mu nkari mu masaha 24
• Ibizamini byo gupima uburemere bw'amagufwa kugira ngo harebwe igihombo cy'amagufwa

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini byo kubona amashusho kugira ngo amenye ibyitso bya parathyroid bikora cyane. Ibi bishobora kuba ibizamini byihariye nka sestamibi scan cyangwa ultrasound y'ijosi ryawe, cyane cyane niba hagiye gukorwa igikorwa cyo kubaga.

Rimwe na rimwe gupima bisubirwamo, kuko urwego rwa calcium rushobora guhinduka. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kureba izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi cyangwa urwego rwa calcium ruri hejuru, nka kanseri zimwe cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura hyperparathyroidism?

Uburyo bwo kuvura hyperparathyroidism biterwa n'ubwoko n'uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe, ndetse n'uko ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa ingaruka. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Kubera hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze, kubaga akenshi ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa ingaruka. Iki gikorwa, kitwa parathyroidectomy, kigizwe no gukuraho ibyitso bikora cyane kandi gifite umusaruro mwinshi urenga 95%.

Niba kubaga bitakubereye, uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

• Imiti nka cinacalcet ifasha kugabanya urwego rwa calcium
• Bisphosphonates yo kurinda amagufwa yawe
• Kuguma ugenzurwa n'ibipimo by'amaraso n'ibipimo byo gupima uburemere bw'amagufwa
• Kunywa amazi ahagije kugira ngo impyiko zawe zitunganye calcium

Kubera hyperparathyroidism y'uburyo bwa kabiri, kuvura byibanda ku gukemura ikibazo cy'ibanze. Ibi bishobora kuba kuvura uburwayi bw'impyiko, gukosora ikibazo cya vitamine D, cyangwa kunoza uburyo bwo kubona calcium mu mara yawe.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa izahuzwa n'ibyo ukeneye, ibimenyetso, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Abantu benshi bumva bameze neza mu byumweru cyangwa amezi make nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa neza.

Uburyo bwo guhangana na hyperparathyroidism murugo

Nubwo kuvurwa kwa muganga ari ngombwa kuri hyperparathyroidism, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora murugo kugira ngo ushyigikire ubuzima bwawe kandi ugabanye ibimenyetso bimwe. Iyi mikorere ikora neza iyo ifatanije n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Kunywa amazi ahagije ni ingenzi cyane, kuko bifasha impyiko zawe gutunganya calcium nyinshi kandi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugira amabuye y'impyiko. Gerageza kunywa amazi agera kuri 8-10 buri munsi, keretse muganga wawe akubwiye ibindi.

Tegereza iyi mikorere ifasha mu buzima bwawe:

• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri ifasha amagufwa yawe
• Gabanya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri calcium niba muganga wawe abikubwiye
• Kwirinda imiti ya thiazide keretse muganga wawe ayikuhaye, kuko ishobora kongera urwego rwa calcium
• Fata vitamine D gusa nkuko muganga wawe abikubwiye
• Genzura umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka cyangwa ibikorwa byoroheje
• Kuryama bihagije kugira ngo ufashe umunaniro n'ibimenyetso by'imitekerereze

Komeza kwandika ibimenyetso byawe mu gitabo, ugaragaze impinduka cyangwa imiterere. Aya makuru ashobora gufasha itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi mu guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Ibuka ko guhangana n'ibibazo murugo bishyigikira ariko ntibisimbura kuvurwa kwa muganga. Buri gihe ukurikije inama za muganga wawe kandi ube witabira gahunda zose zo gukurikirana uburwayi bwawe.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitunganya kujya kwa muganga bishobora gufasha kugira ngo ubone igihe cyiza cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, nubwo bisa ntibifitanye isano, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, ibinyobwa, na vitamine ufata, kuko bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku rwego rwa calcium cyangwa bikagira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kuvura. Harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibinyobwa by'ibimera, kuko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bifite akamaro.

Tegura ibi bintu by'ingenzi ku ruzinduko rwawe:

• Igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse
• Amateka y'uburwayi mu muryango wawe, cyane cyane indwara z'imisemburo
• Ibizamini by'amaraso byakozwe vuba niba ubifite
• Ibizamini byo kubona amashusho cyangwa ibindi bikorwa byakozwe vuba
• Ibibazo ku buryo bwo kuvura n'icyo witeze
• Amakuru yerekeye ubwishingizi bwawe ku buryo bwo kuvura

Tegereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy'inzinduko. Bashobora kandi kugushyigikira no kugufasha guharanira ibyo ukeneye.

Ntukabe gushidikanya kubabaza ibyo utazi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rishaka kugufasha kumva amakuru kandi ukumva utekanye na gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Icy'ingenzi kuri hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism ni uburwayi buravurwa neza bugira ingaruka ku kugenzura calcium mu mubiri wawe, kandi nubwo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bibi, abantu benshi bumva bameze neza iyo babonye uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura. Icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya ibimenyetso bikunze kuba bito no gukorerwa isuzuma rya muganga.

Kubimenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora gukumira ingaruka zikomeye kandi bikasubiza inyuma ingaruka nyinshi ku magufwa yawe, impyiko, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ukoresheje kubaga cyangwa kuvurwa, uburyo bwo kuvura bufite umusaruro mwinshi ku bantu benshi.

Niba ukekako ushobora kuba ufite hyperparathyroidism bitewe n'ibimenyetso biramba nko kunanirwa, intege nke, impinduka z'imitekerereze, cyangwa kubabara mu magufwa, ntutinye kubivugana na muganga wawe. Ibizamini byoroshye by'amaraso bishobora gutangira inzira yo gupima kandi bikaguha ibisubizo byongera ubuzima bwawe.

Ibuka ko kugira hyperparathyroidism ntibikumenya, kandi hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura, abantu benshi basubira mu mirimo yabo kandi bumva bameze neza kurusha mbere y'uko babimenya.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho kuri hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism ishobora gukira yonyine?

Hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze isanzwe ntikira idakuweho, kuko isanzwe iterwa n'udukoko duto cyangwa ibyitso byiyongereye bikomeza gukora hormone nyinshi. Ariko, hyperparathyroidism y'uburyo bwa kabiri ishobora kunoza niba ikibazo cy'ibanze, nko kubura vitamine D cyangwa uburwayi bw'impyiko, kivuwe neza. Abantu benshi bafite hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze bazakenera kubagwa cyangwa kuvurwa kugira ngo urwego rwa calcium rugume rusanzwe.

Kubaga hyperparathyroidism biteye akaga?

Parathyroidectomy isanzwe ifatwa nk'igikorwa cyiza gifite umusaruro mwinshi urenga 95%. Kubaga bisanzwe bikorwa nk'igikorwa cyo hanze cyangwa ukajya mu bitaro igihe gito. Nubwo kubaga byose bigira ibyago bimwe, ingaruka zikomeye ni gake kandi abantu benshi bakira vuba. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibyago n'inyungu byihariye bushingiye ku buzima bwawe.

Nzakenera gufata calcium nyuma yo kubagwa?

Abantu benshi bakenera gufata calcium by'agateganyo nyuma yo kubagwa kuko ibyitso bisigaye bisubira mu mikorere isanzwe. Ibi bisanzwe biba igihe gito, bikamara ibyumweru bike cyangwa amezi make. Muganga wawe azakurikirana urwego rwa calcium yawe hafi nyuma yo kubagwa kandi azahindura imiti yawe uko bikenewe. Bamwe bashobora gukenera gufata calcium na vitamine D igihe kirekire, ariko ibi bihinduka uko umuntu agenda.

Impinduka mu mirire zishobora gufasha guhangana na hyperparathyroidism?

Nubwo imirire yonyine idashobora gukiza hyperparathyroidism, impinduka zimwe mu mirire zishobora gufasha guhangana n'ibimenyetso no gushyigikira uburyo bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe ashobora kugukangurira kugabanya calcium no kunywa amazi ahagije. Ariko, ntukore impinduka zikomeye mu mirire udafite inama z'abaganga, kuko ukeneye calcium ishobora kuba itandukanye n'uko witeze. Imirire yuzuye ifite calcium ihagije ariko idakabije, hamwe n'urwego rukwiye rwa vitamine D, isanzwe isabwa.

Birama igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umere neza nyuma yo kuvurwa hyperparathyroidism?

Abantu benshi babona impinduka mu mbaraga n'imitekerereze mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kuvurwa neza, nubwo gukira kw'amagufwa bikamara igihe kirekire. Nyuma yo kubagwa, abantu benshi bumva bameze neza mu mezi 1-3 uko urwego rwa calcium rugenda rusubira mu buryo. Ibimenyetso bimwe, nko kunoza uburemere bw'amagufwa, bishobora gutwara amezi 6-12 cyangwa igihe kirekire kugira ngo bigaragaze gukira byuzuye. Buri wese akira uko ashoboye, bityo kwihangana mu nzira yo gukira ni ingenzi.