Ikibuza cya Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ni uburwayi aho umusuli w'umutima wawe uba ukomeye cyane, bigatuma umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utere amaraso neza. Tekereza nk'umuntu ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, imikaya ye ikaba yarakuze cyane ku buryo itangira kubangamira imiterere ye - umusuli w'umutima wawe uba ukomeye ku buryo ushobora kubangamira imiterere y'amaraso.

Ubu burwayi buterwa n'imiterere y'umuntu bugira abantu bagera kuri 1 kuri 500 ku isi hose, nubwo abenshi batazi ko babufite. Ubu bukomere busanzwe bukunze kuba ku rukuta rutandukanya ibice bibiri byo hasi by'umutima, ariko bushobora kuba ahari hose mu misuli y'umutima.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Abantu benshi bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic nta bimenyetso bagira, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro. Iyo bimenyetso bigaragaye, bikunze kuza buhoro buhoro uko umusuli w'umutima ukomeza gukomera.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona birimo:

• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa uri kuryamye
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kumva gifunze, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo
• Kumva umutima ukubita cyane cyangwa nk'aho urimo gusiba ibitotsi
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva ugiye kugwa, cyane cyane iyo uhagurutse vuba
• Kumva unaniwe cyane ugereranyije n'ibyo wakoze
• Guta ubwenge, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo cyangwa nyuma yayo

Ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro ariko bikomeye bishobora kuba harimo kubyimba mu maguru, mu birenge, cyangwa mu birenge, no kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka kirushaho kuba kibi iyo uri kuryamye. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko umutima wawe uhangayitse cyane kugira ngo utere amaraso neza.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, ikimenyetso cya mbere cya Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic gishobora kuba guhagarara kw'umutima, cyane cyane mu bakinnyi bakiri bato. Niyo mpamvu iki kibazo cyarabaye ikibazo gikomeye mu buvuzi bw'imikino, nubwo kikiri gake.

Ni izihe ubwoko bwa Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ifite ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru, buri bwoko bugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mutima wawe. Ubwoko ufite ni bwo bugena ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo bwo kuvurwa.

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ikingira amaraso ibaho iyo umusuli w'umutima ukomeye ukingira amaraso ava mu mutima wawe. Ibi bibaho mu kigero cya 70% by'imibare kandi bikunze gutera ibimenyetso byigaragaza nk'ububabare mu gituza no guhumeka nabi mu gihe ukora imyitozo.

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic idakingira amaraso bivuze ko umusuli ukomeye ariko udakingira amaraso cyane. Abantu bafite ubu bwoko bakunze kugira ibimenyetso bike, nubwo umutima utakomeza kuruhuka neza hagati y'ibitotsi, ibyo bishobora gutera ibibazo igihe kirekire.

Hariho kandi ubwoko buke cyane bwitwa Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ya Apical, aho gukomera kuba ahanini ku mpera y'umutima. Ubu bwoko busanzwe bukunze kugaragara mu bantu bakomoka mu Buyapani kandi bugira ibimenyetso bike ugereranyije n'ubundi bwoko.

Ni iki gitera Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ni ikibazo cy'imiterere y'umuntu cyane cyane cyohererezwa mu miryango. Ibihe bigera kuri 60% biterwa n'impinduka mu mimerere y'imisemburo igenzura uko imisemburo y'umusuli w'umutima ikora.

Imisemburo ikunze kugira ingaruka harimo:

• MYH7 na MYBPC3, bikora imisemburo ikenewe mu gukomera kw'umusuli w'umutima
• TNNT2 na TNNI3, bifasha kugenzura igihe umusuli w'umutima ukomeye n'igihe uruhuka
• TPM1 na ACTC1, bishigikira imiterere y'ingingo z'umusuli w'umutima

Niba umwe mu babyeyi bawe afite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic, ufite amahirwe 50% yo kuzaragwa iyo mimerere. Ariko, kugira iyo misemburo ntibihamya ko uzabona ibimenyetso - bamwe bafite iyo misemburo ariko ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubwo burwayi.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ishobora kuza idafite amateka mu muryango. Ibi bishobora kubaho kubera impinduka nshya mu misemburo cyangwa, gake cyane, kubera ibindi bibazo nk'indwara zimwe na zimwe z'imisemburo cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso igihe kirekire.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka iyo ubonye ububabare mu gituza, guhumeka nabi mu gihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe, cyangwa guta ubwenge. Ibi bimenyetso bikwiye gusuzuma muganga nubwo bigaragara nk'ibito cyangwa bigenda bigaruka.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba bishoboka niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu gituza, ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka mu gihe uri kuruhuka, cyangwa niba uta ubwenge mu gihe ukora imyitozo cyangwa nyuma yayo. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko uburwayi bwawe bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umutima wawe bwo gutera amaraso neza.

Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic, urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima, cyangwa guta ubwenge bitasobanuwe, tekereza ku bijyanye no gusuzuma imisemburo no gusuzuma nubwo udafite ibimenyetso. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda ingaruka no kuyobora imibereho.

Isuzuma rya buri gihe biba bikomeye cyane iyo ubonye uburwayi, kuko uburwayi bwawe bushobora guhinduka uko igihe gihita. Muganga wawe azashaka gukurikirana uko umutima wawe ukora no guhindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Ni izihe ngaruka z'uburwayi bwa Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Nubwo abantu benshi bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic babaho ubuzima busanzwe, ubu burwayi rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bigufasha gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ubirinde cyangwa ubigenzure neza.

Ingaruka zisanzwe harimo:

• Atrial fibrillation - umuvuduko w'umutima udakomeye uzamura ibyago byo kugira stroke
• Gutakaza umutima - iyo umutima wawe udashobora gutera amaraso neza kugira ngo uhuze ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye
• Guhagarara kw'umutima - nubwo ari gake, iyi ni yo ngaruka ikomeye ishoboka
• Ibibyimba by'amaraso - cyane cyane niba ufite Atrial fibrillation
• Ibibazo by'umuvuduko w'amaraso - umusuli ukomeye ushobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo imivuduko y'umutima ikora

Ingaruka zidafite akamaro ariko zikomeye zishobora kuba harimo infective endocarditis, aho udukoko twanduza imivuduko y'umutima, no guhagarika amaraso bikomeye bisaba kubagwa.

Ibyago byo guhagarara kw'umutima, nubwo ari ubwoba kubitekerezaho, bigira ingaruka ku bantu bake cyane bagera kuri 1% bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic buri mwaka. Muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma ibyago byawe bwite kandi akagutegurira ingamba zo kwirinda niba bikenewe, nko kwirinda imiti imwe cyangwa gutekereza ku gukoresha defibrillator ishyirwa mu mubiri.

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe yumvise umutima wawe kandi akabaza ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka y'umuryango wawe. Barashakisha amajwi yihariye y'umutima n'amajwi agaragaza imiterere idasanzwe y'amaraso.

Isuzuma nyamukuru ryo gusuzuma ni echocardiogram, ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ikore amashusho arambuye y'umutima wawe. Iki kizamini kidakomeretsa kigaragaza uko umusuli w'umutima wawe ukomeye, uko umutima wawe uterera amaraso neza, niba amaraso akingirwa.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugutegurira:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kugira ngo arebe ibikorwa by'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe
• Isuzuma ry'imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo arebe uko umutima wawe uhangana n'imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Cardiac MRI kugira ngo abone amashusho arambuye y'imiterere y'umutima wawe
• Holter monitor kugira ngo yandike umuvuduko w'umutima wawe mu masaha 24-48
• Isuzuma ry'imisemburo kugira ngo amenye impinduka zihariye kandi asuzume abagize umuryango

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora gukora cardiac catheterization, aho umuyoboro muto ushyirwa mu mutima wawe kugira ngo upime umuvuduko kandi asuzume imiterere y'amaraso neza. Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye cyangwa iyo hari kubagwa.

Ibisuzumwa by'amaraso bishobora gufasha gukuraho ibindi bibazo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibyo, nko gutakaza umutima cyangwa ibindi bibazo by'umutima.

Ni iki kivura Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Ubuvuzi bwa Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic bugamije gucunga ibimenyetso, kwirinda ingaruka, no gufasha kugumana ubuzima bukomeye kandi buhimbaye. Igishushanyo cyawe cyihariye cyo kuvurwa kigendera ku bimenyetso byawe, uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe, n'ibyago byawe bwite.

Imiti ikunze kuba uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura kandi ishobora kuba irimo:

• Beta-blockers nka metoprolol kugira ngo igabanye umuvuduko w'umutima kandi igabanye ibimenyetso
• Calcium channel blockers nka verapamil kugira ngo ifashe umutima wawe kuruhuka hagati y'ibitotsi
• Imiti yo kuvura umuvuduko w'umutima niba ufite umuvuduko w'umutima udakomeye
• Imiti igabanya amaraso niba uri mu kaga ko kugira ibibyimba by'amaraso
• Diuretics kugira ngo igabanye amazi niba ufite ibimenyetso byo gutakaza umutima

Kubera ibibazo bikomeye byo guhagarika amaraso bidakira imiti, uburyo bwo kubaga bushobora kuba ngombwa. Septal myectomy isobanura gukuraho igice cy'umusuli ukomeye kugira ngo hakorwe amaraso neza, mu gihe alcohol septal ablation ikoresha inzoga kugira ngo igabanye umusemburo ufite ikibazo.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe aho uri mu kaga gakomeye ko guhagarara kw'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Iki gikoresho gikurikirana umuvuduko w'umutima wawe kandi gishobora gutanga umuriro utabara ubuzima niba hari imiterere y'umutima ikomeye.

Uburyo bushya bwo kuvura ni mavacamten, imiti yagenewe Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ishobora kugabanya ubukomere bw'umusuli w'umutima kandi igatuma ibimenyetso bigabanuka mu bantu bamwe.

Uko wacunga Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic murugo

Kubaho neza ufite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic bisobanura gufata ibyemezo by'ubuzima bifasha ubuzima bw'umutima wawe. Ibyemezo bito bya buri munsi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kuntu wumva kandi ukora.

Kuguma wisutse amazi ni ingenzi cyane kuko kutagira amazi birashobora kongera ibimenyetso. Nywa amazi menshi umunsi wose, cyane cyane mbere na nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe.

Amabwiriza yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ingenzi ariko agomba kuba ayihariye. Nubwo ukwiye kuguma ukora imyitozo, kwirinda imikino ikomeye cyane n'ibikorwa bitera guhumeka nabi cyangwa ububabare mu gituza. Kugenda, koga, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroheje ni byiza kandi bikunzwe.

Guhangana n'umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka, gusinzira bihagije, n'ibikorwa bishimishije bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso. Umunaniro udashira ushobora kongera ibimenyetso byo kumva umutima ukubita cyane n'ibindi bimenyetso ushobora kugira.

Witondere ibimenyetso by'umubiri wawe kandi uruhuke iyo ukeneye. Gukomeza gukora cyane n'ubwo unaniwe cyane cyangwa uhumeka nabi ntibyagira umumaro kandi bishobora kugaragaza ko ukeneye ubufasha bwa muganga.

Kwima imiti imwe ishobora kongera uburwayi bwawe, harimo inzoga nyinshi, ibintu bikurura, n'imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso ishobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitegura gusura muganga wawe bifasha guhamya ko ubonye igihe cyiza cyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe bibaho n'ibibitera.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti ukoresha, harimo imiti yo kuvura no gufata ibindi bintu. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku burwayi bw'umutima cyangwa ubuvuzi, bityo muganga wawe akeneye ayo makuru.

Kora amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, cyane cyane abavandimwe bafite ibibazo by'umutima, urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima, cyangwa guta ubwenge bitasobanuwe. Aya makuru yerekeye imisemburo ni ingenzi mu gusobanukirwa uburwayi bwawe n'ibyago.

Tegura ibibazo bijyanye n'umwanya wawe, nko kumenya urwego rwiza rwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ibimenyetso byo kwirinda, n'igihe ukenera gukurikiranwa. Byandika kugira ngo utabyibagirwa mu gihe cy'isura.

Niba ari isura yo gukurikirana, bandika impinduka zose mu bimenyetso byawe cyangwa uko uhangana n'ubuvuzi. Ba umunyamwe mu kubahiriza imiti n'ingaruka zose ubonye.

Icyingenzi cyo kumenya kuri Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ni uburwayi bw'umutima bworoheje bw'imiterere y'umuntu bugira ingaruka zitandukanye kuri buri muntu. Nubwo uburwayi bushobora kugaragara nk'ubukomeye mu ntangiriro, abantu benshi bafite ubu burwayi babaho ubuzima buzuye kandi bukomeye bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye n'impinduka mu mibereho.

Icyingenzi cyo kubaho neza ufite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ni ukubaka ubufatanye bukomeye n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma hamenyekana impinduka hakiri kare no guhindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Wibuke ko kugira ubu burwayi ntibigena imipaka yawe - bivuze gusa ko ukeneye kwita ku buzima bw'umutima wawe. Abantu benshi babasha gucunga imirimo, imibanire, n'imyitozo ngororamubiri mu gihe babaho bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic.

Komeza umenye uburwayi bwawe, kurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa, kandi ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe ufite ibibazo cyangwa impungenge. Kugira uruhare rwawe mu gucunga ubuzima bwawe bigira uruhare rukomeye mu bizava mu gihe kirekire.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho kuri Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic

Urashobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe ufite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Yego, abantu benshi bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic babaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi buhimbaye bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye. Nubwo ushobora kuba ukeneye guhindura imibereho yawe no gufata imiti, uburwayi ntibugukuraho gukora, gukora ingendo, cyangwa kwishimira imibanire. Gukurikiranwa buri gihe bifasha guhamya ko ugumana ubuzima bwiza kandi bukomeye.

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic iragenda iterwa n'imiterere y'umuntu?

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic iterwa n'imiterere y'umuntu mu kigero cya 60%, bivuze ko ishobora guhererekanywa kuva ku babyeyi ku bana. Niba ufite uburwayi, buri mwana wawe afite amahirwe 50% yo kuzaragwa iyo mimerere. Ariko, gusuzuma imisemburo no gusuzuma umuryango bishobora gufasha kumenya abantu bari mu kaga hakiri kare, bigatuma hakorwa isuzuma n'ubuvuzi byiza.

Ni ibihe bikorwa ukwiye kwirinda ufite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Ukwiye kwirinda imikino ikomeye cyane, cyane cyane ibyo bisaba imbaraga nyinshi nk'ugutera cyangwa imyitozo ikomeye. Ibikorwa bitera guhumeka nabi, ububabare mu gituza, cyangwa guta ubwenge bigomba kandi kugabanywa. Ariko, imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroheje nko kugenda, koga, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroheje ni byiza kandi bikunzwe ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga.

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ishobora kuba mbi uko igihe gihita?

Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic ishobora kuba mbi, ariko ibi bihinduka cyane hagati y'abantu. Bamwe baguma bakomeye imyaka myinshi, abandi bashobora kugira ibimenyetso cyangwa ingaruka zikomeye. Gukurikirana buri gihe na cardiologist yawe bifasha gukurikirana impinduka zose no guhindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe. Kugira ingamba hakiri kare bikunze kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya uburemere bw'uburwayi.

Ni ubuhe buzima bwitegerejwe ufite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic?

Abantu benshi bafite Cardiomyopathy ya Hypertrophic babaho ubuzima busanzwe cyangwa bugera hafi y'ubusanzwe, cyane cyane bafite ubuvuzi bugezweho n'isuzuma. Nubwo uburwayi bufite ibyago bimwe na bimwe, umubare w'abapfa buri mwaka ni munsi ya 1% mu barwayi benshi. Ubuzima bwawe bwitegerejwe biterwa n'ibintu nko gukomera kw'ibimenyetso, amateka y'umuryango, n'uburyo uhangana n'ubuvuzi.