Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uburyo bwo kuvura

Ese ni uburwayi butera iyo urugero rw’umunyu mu maraso yawe rugabanutse munsi y’urugero rusanzwe, bigatera ikibazo mu mikorere y’amazi mu mubiri wawe. Tekereza kuri sodium nk’umuyobozi mukuru w’umubiri wawe mu kuringaniza amazi - iyo urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse cyane, uturemangingo twawe dushobora kwishima amazi menshi, bikaba byahungabanya imikorere y’ubwonko bwawe n’ibindi bice by’umubiri.

Ubu burwayi busanzwe kurenza uko abantu benshi babizi, cyane cyane mu bantu bakuze n’abantu bafata imiti imwe n’imwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko, ubufasha bw’abaganga, ese ishobora kuvurwa neza.

Ese ni iki?

Ese ibaho iyo urugero rwa sodium mu maraso yawe rugabanutse munsi ya 135 milliequivalents kuri litiro (mEq/L). Umubiri wawe ukeneye sodium kugira ngo urugero rw’amazi rugumane, ufashe imikorere y’imitsi, kandi ufashe imitsi gukora neza.

Iyo urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse, amazi yinjirira mu turemangingo kugira ngo agerageze kuringaniza ibintu. Ubu bwibagirwe bw’uturemangingo bushobora gutera ibibazo mu mubiri wawe wose, ariko bibangamira cyane iyo bigize ingaruka ku turemangingo tw’ubwonko. Ubwongoka buherereye mu gice gikomeye cy’umutwe, ku buryo ubwo bwibagirwe bwose bushobora gutera umuvuduko no kubangamira imikorere isanzwe y’ubwonko.

Ubukana bwa ese biterwa n’urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse n’uburyo bwihuse icyo kibazo cyabaye. Ibibazo bito bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bike, mu gihe ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kuba bibi cyane bitavuwe vuba.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ese?

Ibimenyetso bya ese bishobora gutandukana uhereye ku bito kugeza ku bikomeye, bitewe n’urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse. Abantu benshi bafite ese ntoya bashobora kutamenya ibimenyetso na gato, niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe ubu burwayi budashobora kumenyekana.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Kugira isereri n’kuruka
• Kubabara umutwe
• Gucika intekere cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda
• Umunaniro n’intege nke
• Kubabara imitsi cyangwa gucika intege
• Kwiheba cyangwa guhinduka kw’imitekerereze
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Iyo urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse cyane, ibimenyetso bikomeye bishobora kuza. Ibyo bikubiyemo gucika intekere cyane, kugira ikibazo cyo kubyuka, gutakaza ubwenge, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Niba ufite ibyo bimenyetso bikomeye, ni ngombwa gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba.

Ikintu kigoye ku bimenyetso bya ese ni uko bishobora kuza buhoro buhoro, bigatuma byoroshye kubyirengagiza nk’umunaniro, ubwambere, cyangwa ibindi bibazo bisanzwe. Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi kwita ku iteraniro ry’ibyo bimenyetso, cyane cyane niba bikomeje cyangwa bikomeza gukura.

Ese ni iki gitera ese?

Ese iterwa n’uko umubiri wawe utakaza sodium menshi, ukagumana amazi menshi, cyangwa byombi. Gusobanukirwa impamvu nyamukuru bishobora kugufasha wowe n’umuganga wawe kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Impamvu zisanzwe zirimo:

• Imiti nka diuretics (imiti y’amazi), imiti yo kuvura ihungabana, cyangwa imiti yo kugabanya ububabare
• Kunywamo amazi menshi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imyitozo ikomeye
• Impiswi, kuruka, cyangwa gucana umusego bituma utakaza sodium
• Gucika intege kw’umutima, bishobora gutera kubika amazi
• Indwara z’impyiko zigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya sodium
• Indwara z’umwijima zigira ingaruka ku muringanire w’amazi
• Guhindagurika kw’imisemburo, cyane cyane antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Zimwe mu mpamvu zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo indwara zimwe na zimwe z’ibihaha, imvune z’ubwonko, cyangwa uburibwe bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imisemburo. Gake, indwara nka Addison cyangwa hypothyroidism zishobora kandi gutera urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse.

Abakinnyi bakoresha amazi menshi mu gihe cy’imikino yo kwihangana bashobora kugira ese iterwa n’imyitozo. Ibi bibaho iyo basimbuye amazi yatakaye amazi asanzwe batasimbuye sodium yatakaye mu gucana umusego.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona umuganga kubera ese?

Ukwiye kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso biramba nka kuruka, kubabara umutwe, gucika intekere, cyangwa umunaniro udakunze kubaho. Ibyo bimenyetso bishobora gutera impamvu nyinshi, ariko iyo bibaye hamwe, bigomba gusuzuma umuganga.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nko gutakaza ubwenge, gutakaza ubwenge, gucika intekere cyane, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kubyuka. Ibyo bimenyetso bigaragaza ko urugero rwa sodium rwawe rushobora kuba rwagabanutse ku rugero rwangiza, bikaba bisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Niba ufashe imiti izwiho kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa sodium, ni byiza kuvugana n’umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no kugenzura buri gihe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kuri diuretics, imiti imwe yo kuvura ihungabana, n’imiti yo kuvura indwara z’ubwonko cyangwa ububabare.

Abantu bafite gucika intege kw’umutima, indwara z’impyiko, cyangwa ibibazo by’umwijima bagomba kandi kugumana itumanaho rihoraho n’itsinda ryabo ry’abaganga, kuko ibyo bibazo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ese.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya ese?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ese. Kumenya ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda no kumenya igihe ukwiye kwitondera ibimenyetso.

Imyaka igira uruhare runini, abantu barengeje imyaka 65 bafite ibyago byinshi bitewe n’impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu mikorere y’impyiko, imisemburo, no gukoresha imiti. Abantu bakuze kandi bafite umubare munini w’amavuta mu mubiri ugereranyije n’imitsi, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri ukoresha amazi.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Gufata imiti imwe n’imwe, cyane cyane diuretics, imiti yo kuvura ihungabana, cyangwa imiti yo kuvura indwara z’ubwonko
• Kugira indwara ziramba nka gucika intege kw’umutima, indwara z’impyiko, cyangwa cirrhosis y’umwijima
• Kurwara kuruka, impiswi, cyangwa gucana umusego igihe kirekire
• Kunywamo amazi menshi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imyitozo
• Kugira ibibazo by’imisemburo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya ADH
• Gukorerwa ibizamini by’ubuvuzi cyangwa kubagwa
• Kugira amateka y’imvune z’ubwonko cyangwa indwara

Abakinnyi bakora imyitozo ikomeye bafite ibyago byihariye, cyane cyane iyo banywa amazi menshi batasimbuye sodium mu gihe cy’imyitozo miremire cyangwa amarushanwa. Ibyo byago byiyongera mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bukabije, aho amazi yatakaye ari menshi.

Abantu bafite ibibazo byo kurya cyangwa abakurikiza indyo nke cyane ya sodium nabo bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi, cyane cyane niba bafata imiti igira ingaruka ku muringanire wa sodium.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya ese?

Mu gihe ese ntoya ishobora gutera ibibazo bike, ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa byihuse bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Ibibazo bikomeye bijyanye n’ubwonko, aho ubwo bwibagirwe bw’uturemangingo bushobora gutera umuvuduko mubi mu mutwe.

Ibibazo bijyanye n’ubwonko birimo:

• Gutakaza ubwenge bitewe n’imikorere idasanzwe y’amashanyarazi
• Gutakaza ubwenge cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge
• Kwibagirwa burundu kw’ubwonko bitewe n’ubwibagirwe bukabije
• Umuvuduko wiyongereye mu mutwe
• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhuza ibintu no kubona umwanya

Gusubiza vuba urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse cyane bishobora kandi gutera ibibazo. Niba sodium izamuwe vuba cyane, bishobora gutera indwara idakunze kubaho ariko ikomeye yitwa osmotic demyelination syndrome, ishobora gutera kwangirika burundu kw’imitsi y’ubwonko.

Ibindi bibazo bishobora kubaho birimo kugwa no gukomereka bitewe no gucika intekere, intege nke, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Abantu bakuze cyane cyane barahangayikishwa n’ibyo bikomerekezo by’inyongera, bishobora kugira ingaruka ziramba ku mikorere n’ubwigenge.

Inkuru nziza ni uko, ubufasha bw’abaganga, ibibazo byinshi bishobora kwirindwa. Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi cyane gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga niba ubonye ese.

Ese ese ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Uburyo bwo kwirinda ese bugamije kugumana urugero rwiza rw’amazi na sodium. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukumenya ibyago byawe bwite no gufata ingamba zikwiye hashingiwe ku buzima bwawe n’ibikorwa byawe.

Niba ufashe imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa sodium, korana n’umuganga wawe kugira ngo ugenzure sodium yawe mu maraso buri gihe. Ntuzigere uhagarika cyangwa uhindura imiti wenyine, ahubwo ubanze uvugane n’umuganga wawe ku bibazo byose bijyanye n’ingaruka mbi.

Kugira ngo wirinde buri munsi, gerageza ibi bikurikira:

• Nyunwa amazi mu rugero -kurikira inyota yawe aho gukoresha amazi menshi
• Simbuza amazi n’ibintu byongera imbaraga mu gihe cy’imyitozo miremire cyangwa indwara
• Genzura ibimenyetso niba ufite indwara ziramba zongera ibyago
• Kurikiza inama z’umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n’umunyu mu byo kurya niba ufite ibibazo by’umutima cyangwa impyiko
• Kwitonda ku bwinshi bw’amazi unywa niba urwaye kuruka cyangwa impiswi

Abakinnyi bagomba kwita cyane ku buryo bwo kunywa amazi mu gihe cy’imyitozo n’amarushanwa. Ibinyobwa by’imikino birimo sodium bishobora gufasha mu bikorwa birekire, kandi kwipima mbere na nyuma y’imyitozo bishobora kugufasha kumenya uburyo bukwiye bwo gusimbuza amazi.

Niba ufite indwara ziramba, kugumana ubufasha bw’abaganga buhoraho no gukora ibizamini by’amaraso nk’uko umuganga wawe abisabye ni imwe mu ngamba zikomeye zo kwirinda.

Ese ese imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya ese bitangira hakoreshejwe ikizamini cy’amaraso cyoroshye gipima urugero rwa sodium. Umuganga wawe azategeka ikizamini cyuzuye cy’imisemburo, gipima sodium hamwe n’ibindi bintu by’ingenzi by’amashanyarazi n’imikorere y’impyiko.

Urugero rwa sodium munsi ya 135 mEq/L yemeza uburwayi, ariko umuganga wawe azashaka gusobanukirwa impamvu urugero rwawe rugabanutse. Ubu bushakashatsi bushobora kuba burimo ibizamini by’amaraso byongeyeho kugira ngo harebwe urugero rw’imisemburo, imikorere y’impyiko, n’ibindi bintu by’amashanyarazi.

Umuganga wawe azareba kandi amateka yawe y’ubuzima, imiti ufashe ubu, n’ibimenyetso byaherutse kubaho. Azakubaza ibyerekeye kunywa amazi, indwara za vuba, impinduka mu kunyara, niba wararutse, ufite impiswi, cyangwa gucana umusego.

Rimwe na rimwe, ibizamini by’inkari bishobora gutanga amakuru y’ingenzi ku mikorere y’impyiko mu gukoresha sodium n’amazi. Ibyo bizamini bishobora gufasha gutandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bwa ese no kuyobora imyanzuro yo kuvura.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukora ibizamini by’amashusho cyangwa ibizamini by’imisemburo byongeyeho kugira ngo amenye indwara ziri inyuma zishobora gutera ikibazo cy’umuringanire wa sodium.

Ese ese ivurwa ite?

Kuvura ese biterwa n’ubukana bw’uburwayi bwawe, uburyo bwihuse bwabaye, n’icyo kibitera. Intego ni ugushyira urugero rwa sodium rusanzwe mu buryo bwiza mu gihe ufasha ikibazo kiri inyuma.

Ku bibazo bito, kuvura bishobora kuba byoroshye nko guhindura imiti cyangwa guhindura kunywa amazi. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka kugabanya kunywa amazi cyangwa guhindura imiti idakora ku rugero rwa sodium.

Ibibazo bikomeye bisaba kuba mu bitaro kugira ngo hagenzurwe neza kandi havuwe. Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba:

• Amazi ya IV arimo sodium kugira ngo urugero rw’amaraso ruzamuke buhoro buhoro
• Imiti ifasha impyiko zawe kubika sodium cyangwa gukuraho amazi menshi
• Kuvura indwara ziri inyuma nka gucika intege kw’umutima cyangwa guhindagurika kw’imisemburo
• Guhindura cyangwa guhagarika imiti itera urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse
• Kugabanya amazi mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Ikintu nyamukuru cyo kuvura neza ni ukugira ngo urugero rwa sodium ruzamuke buhoro buhoro. Gusubiza urugero vuba cyane bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye, ku buryo itsinda ry’abaganga bazakurikirana uko ugendeye neza bakoresheje ibizamini by’amaraso bikunze kubaho.

Igihe cyo kuvura gitandukana bitewe n’impamvu n’ubukana. Bamwe babona impinduka mu masaha make, abandi bashobora gukenera iminsi myinshi yo gucunga neza kugira ngo bagere ku rugero rwa sodium ruhamye.

Uburyo bwo gucunga ese murugo

Gucaunga ese murugo bigomba gukorwa buri gihe munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’abaganga. Umuganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku mimerere yawe, kandi ni ngombwa gukurikiza ayo mabwiriza neza.

Niba umuganga wawe yagutegetse imiti cyangwa yagutegetse guhindura indyo, kugumana ni ingenzi. Fata imiti nk’uko byategetswe kandi wirinde guhindura udahamagaye itsinda ry’abaganga bawe.

Genzura ibimenyetso byawe neza kandi wibuke impinduka zose. Hamagara umuganga wawe niba ubona gucika intekere bikomeye, kuruka, kubabara umutwe mushya, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bibangamira.

Kugira ngo ugenzure amazi, kurikiza amabwiriza yihariye y’umuganga wawe. Bamwe bashobora gukenera kugabanya kunywa amazi, abandi bashobora gukenera kugira amazi ahagije arimo ibintu byongera imbaraga.

Komeza gukora ibizamini byose byateganijwe kandi ukore ibizamini by’amaraso nk’uko byateganijwe. Gukurikirana buri gihe ni ingenzi kugira ngo ube wizeye ko urugero rwa sodium rwawe rugenda rurushaho kuba rwiza no gufata ibibazo hakiri kare.

Uburyo ukwiye kwitegura ku muhango wawe w’umuganga

Kwitegura ku muhango wawe bizagufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’umuganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uburyo byahindutse uko iminsi igenda.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose ufashe, harimo imiti y’abaganga, imiti yo mu maduka, amavitamini, n’ibindi byongewemo. Bandika urugero n’igihe watangiye gufata buri kimwe.

Tegura gusobanura amateka yawe y’ubuzima, cyane cyane indwara zose zigira ingaruka ku mutima, impyiko, umwijima, cyangwa imisemburo. Vuga kandi ku ndwara za vuba, kubagwa, cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu buzima bwawe.

Tegura gusubiza ibibazo bijyanye no kunywa amazi, imyifatire yo kurya, imyitozo, n’impinduka zihariye mu buryo bwo kunyara. Umuganga wawe ashobora kandi kukubaza ibyerekeye kunywa inzoga n’ibindi biyobyabwenge.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe ukunda kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi yavuye mu muhango, cyane cyane niba ufite gucika intekere cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri ese

Ese ni uburwayi bushobora kuvurwa neza iyo bumenyekanye kandi bukavurwa. Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ibimenyetso nko kuruka, kubabara umutwe, gucika intekere, cyangwa intege nke bidakwiye kwirengagizwa, cyane cyane iyo bibaye hamwe.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bishobora kwirinda ibibazo bikomeye kandi bigufasha kumva neza vuba. Niba ufite ibyago nko gukoresha imiti imwe n’imwe cyangwa indwara ziramba, gukurikirana buri gihe bishobora gufata ibibazo mbere y’uko biba bikomeye.

Gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga ni ingenzi mu kuvura no kwirinda. Ntugatinye kubabaza ibibazo bijyanye n’imiti yawe, inama z’imirire, cyangwa ibimenyetso byose ufite.

Ubufasha bw’abaganga n’ubwitonzi mu kwirinda, abantu benshi bafite ese bashobora kugumana urugero rwa sodium rusanzwe no kwirinda ibindi bibazo.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri ese

Ese kunywa amazi menshi bishobora gutera ese?

Yego, kunywa amazi menshi bishobora kugabanya urugero rwa sodium mu maraso yawe bigatera ese. Ibi bikunze kubaho mu gihe cy’imyitozo ikomeye iyo abantu banywa amazi menshi batasimbuye sodium yatakaye. Ubu burwayi rimwe na rimwe bwitwa uburozi bw’amazi.

Ese ese ishobora kuza vuba gute?

Ese ishobora kuza mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi, bitewe n’impamvu. Ibibazo byihuse byaza vuba (mu masaha 48) bikunze gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye kurusha ibibazo biramba byaza buhoro buhoro mu byumweru cyangwa amezi. Umubiri wawe ufite igihe cyo kwihanganira impinduka iyo ziba buhoro buhoro.

Ese ese ikaze cyane ku bantu bakuze?

Yego, abantu bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi bya ese bitewe n’impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu mikorere y’impyiko, gukoresha imiti, no kugabanuka ubushobozi bwo kugumana urugero rw’amazi. Nanone bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye nko kugwa bitewe no gucika intekere cyangwa intege nke.

Ese ushobora kugira ese nta bimenyetso?

Ese ntoya akenshi ntabimenyetso bigaragara, cyane cyane iyo iza buhoro buhoro. Abantu benshi bamenya ko bafite urugero rwa sodium rugabanutse binyuze mu bizamini by’amaraso bisanzwe. Ariko, n’ibibazo bito bigomba gukurikiranwa kuko bishobora kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda.

Ese nzagomba kuba mu bitaro kugira ngo mvuwe ese?

Kuvurwa mu bitaro biterwa n’ubukana bw’uburwayi bwawe n’ibimenyetso. Ibibazo bito bishobora gucungwa hanze y’ibitaro no guhindura imiti, mu gihe ibibazo bikomeye bisaba kuba mu bitaro kugira ngo hakorwe ivuriro rya IV no gukurikirana hafi kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo bitewe no gusubiza vuba.