Amakoma mu Mpyiko: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Amakoma mu mpyiko ni utwoto twamazi tubura mu mpyiko cyangwa imbere muri zo. Amakoma menshi mu mpyiko ni utwoto tworoheje, tudakora ikibi, kandi akenshi abantu bayamenya batunguwe igihe bakorewe ibizamini byo kubona ishusho y’imbere mu mubiri.

Utekereza nk’utubuto duto tw’amazi duto duto dukoze ku mpyiko yawe. Ni menshi cyane, cyane cyane uko ugenda ukura. Mu by’ukuri, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abantu barengeje imyaka 50 bafite nibura ikomo rimwe mu mpyiko, kandi benshi ntibabimenye.

Amakoma mu mpyiko ni ayahe?

Amakoma mu mpyiko ni utwoto tw’uburebure cyangwa uburinganiro buzuye amazi meza. Abantu bayagira iyo imiyoboro mito mito iri mu mpyiko yawe ikingiranye maze amazi akabura aho anyura, kimwe n’umuyoboro w’amazi wo mu murima ushobora kubyimba iyo amazi afunze ahantu hamwe.

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru ukwiye kumenya. Amakoma yoroshye ni yo akunze kugaragara cyane kandi nta kibazo na kimwe ateza, bivuze ko atazagutera ikibi. Amakoma agoranye ntabwo akunze kugaragara kandi ashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa hafi kuko rimwe na rimwe ashobora kugaragaza izindi ndwara.

Amakoma menshi yoroshye mu mpyiko aba mato, kuva ku bunini bw’ikaramu kugeza ku bunini bw’umupira muto. Akenshi aba ku ruhande rw’inyuma rw’impyiko cyangwa munsi gato yayo, adakora ikintu na kimwe.

Ibimenyetso by’amakoma mu mpyiko ni ibihe?

Amakoma menshi mu mpyiko nta bimenyetso na bimwe ateza. Ushobora kuba ufite amakoma menshi muri iki gihe ukaba umeze neza, kandi ni ko bibaho ku bantu benshi.

Ariko kandi, amakoma manini cyangwa ari ahantu runaka ashobora rimwe na rimwe guteza ububabare. Dore ibyo ushobora kubona niba ibimenyetso byagaragaye:

• Ububabare buke cyangwa bukomeye mu mugongo, ku ruhande, cyangwa mu nda yo hejuru
• Ububabare buza bugaca, cyane cyane nyuma y’imirimo ikomeye
• Kumva umubiri wuzuye mu nda
• Umuhango niba ikomo ryanduye (ibi birare)
• Amaraso mu nkari, nubwo ibi bidafite akamaro
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso mu bihe bidafite akamaro aho amakoma ashobora gukanda imiyoboro y’amaraso

Birakwiye kuzirikana ko ibi bimenyetso bidafite akamaro ku makoma yoroshye. Niba ufite ububabare buhoraho mu mugongo cyangwa mu nda, bishoboka ko biterwa n’izindi mpamvu zisanzwe nko gukomeretsa imitsi cyangwa amabuye mu mpyiko.

Ubwoko bw’amakoma mu mpyiko ni buhe?

Amakoma mu mpyiko agabanywa mu byiciro bibiri bikuru bifasha abaganga gusobanukirwa uko bayavura. Amakoma yoroshye ni yo atangaza kandi akenshi nta kibazo ateza, mu gihe amakoma agoranye akeneye kwitabwaho cyane.

Amakoma yoroshye aba yuzuye, afite inkuta zoroheje, kandi akaba afite amazi meza gusa. Ni nk’utubuto tw’amazi tudakora ikibi kandi tugize hafi 95% by’amakoma yose mu mpyiko. Aya makoma ntahinduka kanseri kandi akenshi nta kuvura akeneye.

Amakoma agoranye afite inkuta zikomeye, ubuso budasanzwe, cyangwa ashobora kuba afite ibintu bikomeye hamwe n’amazi. Abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwo kubara bwitwa Bosniak kugira ngo basuzuma amakoma agoranye kuva kuri I kugeza kuri IV, imibare minini igaragaza ko hakenewe gukurikirana cyangwa kuvura.

Hari kandi indwara y’umuzuko yitwa indwara y’amakoma menshi mu mpyiko aho amakoma menshi aba mu mpyiko zombi. Ibi bitandukanye cyane no kugira amakoma make yoroshye kandi bisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye.

Intandaro y’amakoma mu mpyiko ni iyihe?

Impamvu nyakuri ituma amakoma mu mpyiko aba ntabwo imenyekanye neza, ariko abaganga bemeza ko aba iyo imiyoboro mito mito iri mu mpyiko yawe ikingiranye. Utekereza nk’ikibazo gito cy’umuhanda mu buryo bw’imikorere y’impyiko.

Imyaka ni yo ntandaro ikomeye mu iterambere ry’amakoma. Uko ugenda ukura, kwangirika bisanzwe ku mpyiko zawe bishobora gutuma ibi bibazo byo gufunga byoroshye. Ni yo mpamvu amakoma mu mpyiko aba menshi nyuma y’imyaka 40.

Dore ibintu by’ingenzi bishobora gutera iterambere ry’amakoma:

• Uburyo bw’imibereho busa n’ubwangirika bw’impyiko
• Imvune mito mito cyangwa indwara z’impyiko mu gihe kirekire
• Ibintu by’umuzuko, nubwo amakoma menshi yoroshye atarazwe
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, ushobora gutera impinduka mu mpyiko
• Amabuye mu mpyiko cyangwa izindi ndwara z’impyiko
• Imiti imwe n’imwe ikoreshwa igihe kirekire, nubwo ibi bidafite akamaro

Mu bihe byinshi, amakoma mu mpyiko aba adatewe n’ikintu runaka. Ni kimwe mu bintu bishobora kubaho nk’igice cyo gukura, kimwe no kugira imisatsi y’umweru cyangwa gukenera ibyo gusoma.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera amakoma mu mpyiko?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ububabare buhoraho mu mugongo, ku ruhande, cyangwa mu nda budakira n’ikiruhuko. Nubwo ubwo bubabare bushobora kuba buturutse ku makoma mu mpyiko, birakwiye kubigenzura kugira ngo habeho gukumira izindi ndwara.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ubona amaraso mu nkari, ugira umuriro hamwe n’ububabare mu mugongo, cyangwa ugira ububabare butunguranye kandi bukomeye mu nda cyangwa mu mugongo. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cy’ikomo cyangwa ikindi kibazo cy’impyiko gikenewe kuvurwa vuba.

Niba umaze kuvurwa amakoma mu mpyiko, menyesha muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bihinduka cyangwa bikomeza. Gusura muganga buri gihe bifasha kugenzura ko amakoma yawe akomeza kuba meza kandi adateza ibibazo bishya.

Ntukabe umunyamahoro niba ibizamini bisanzwe byagaragaje amakoma mu mpyiko utamenye. Ibi bibaho kenshi, kandi muganga wawe azasobanura niba hari gukurikirana cyangwa kuvura bikenewe hashingiwe ku bwoko n’ubunini bw’amakoma yabonetse.

Ibyago byo kugira amakoma mu mpyiko ni ibihe?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa impamvu amakoma mu mpyiko aba, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzabona amakoma. Imyaka igumye kuba ikintu gikomeye ukwiye kumenya.

Dore ibyago by’ingenzi byongera ibyago byo kugira amakoma mu mpyiko:

• Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 50 (ibyago byiyongera cyane uko ugenda ukura)
• Kuba umugabo (abagabo bagira amakoma akenshi kurusha abagore)
• Kugira umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso igihe kirekire
• Amateka y’umuryango w’indwara y’amakoma menshi mu mpyiko
• Indwara z’impyiko mbere cyangwa indwara z’impyiko
• Kuvurwa kwa dialyse igihe kirekire
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’umuzuko zigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’impyiko

Inkuru nziza ni uko kugira ibi byago ntibisobanura ko ugomba guhangayika. Amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko ni menshi cyane kandi akenshi nta kibazo ateza ku buryo abantu benshi babona ko ari igice cyo gukura.

Ingaruka zishoboka z’amakoma mu mpyiko ni izihe?

Ingaruka ziterwa n’amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko ni nke cyane, ariko birakwiye kumenya ibimenyetso byo kwitondera. Abantu benshi bafite amakoma mu mpyiko nta ngaruka na zimwe bagira.

Iyo ingaruka zibayeho, akenshi ziba ziri ku makoma manini cyangwa ari ahantu h’ingenzi. Dore ibyo bishobora kubaho mu bihe bidafite akamaro:

• Ikomo ryanduye, riteza umuriro, gukonja, n’ububabare bukomeye mu mugongo
• Ikomo rirambuye, riteza ububabare bukomeye butunguranye n’ishobora kuva amaraso imbere
• Guhagarika umusaruro w’inkari niba ikomo gukanda umuyoboro w’inkari
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso niba amakoma ashobora gukanda imiyoboro y’amaraso (birare)
• Ibibazo by’imikorere y’impyiko niba amakoma manini menshi ari mu mubiri

Izi ngaruka zisa n’iziteye impungenge, ariko ntabwo zikunze kubaho ku makoma yoroshye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gusuzuma ibyago byawe hashingiwe ku bunini, aho biri, n’umubare w’amakoma ufite.

Amakoma agoranye afite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ingaruka, niyo mpamvu abaganga bayakurikirana hafi. Nubwo bimeze bityo, amakoma menshi agoranye akomeza kuba meza kandi nta kibazo ateza.

Amakoma mu mpyiko ashobora gukumirwa gute?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta buryo bwemewe bwo gukumira amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko kuko ahanini ajyanye n’uburyo bw’imibereho. Ariko kandi, kugira ubuzima bwiza bw’impyiko bishobora gufasha imikorere y’impyiko muri rusange.

Fata ingamba zigumisha impyiko zawe zimeze neza. Kwirinda gutakaza amazi, kugenzura umuvuduko w’amaraso, no kwirinda gukoresha imiti yo kugabanya ububabare cyane bishobora gufasha ubuzima bw’impyiko, nubwo bitazikumira amakoma.

Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango w’indwara y’amakoma menshi mu mpyiko, inama y’abavuga ku mibanire y’abantu ishobora kugufasha mu gufata ibyemezo byo kubyara. Ariko kandi, iyi ndwara y’umuzuko itandukanye cyane n’amakoma yoroshye asanzwe abantu benshi bagira.

Kujya kwa muganga buri gihe bishobora gufasha kubona amakoma mu mpyiko hakiri kare niba abayeho, bituma habaho gukurikirana no kuvura bikwiye igihe bikenewe.

Amakoma mu mpyiko apimwa ate?

Amakoma mu mpyiko akenshi aboneka atunguranye mu bizamini byo kubona ishusho y’imbere mu mubiri byakozwe kubera izindi mpamvu. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu gihe cy’ubushakashatsi, CT scan, cyangwa MRI byakozwe kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bitandukanye cyangwa nk’igice cyo gusuzuma ubuzima.

Muganga wawe azatangira asuzumye niba hari amakoma mu mpyiko. Iki kizamini kidakomeretsa gikoreshwa amajwi kugira ngo hakorwe amashusho y’impyiko kandi bishobora kumenya amakoma no kumenya ubunini n’imiterere yayo.

Niba ubushakashatsi bwerekana ibintu bigoye cyangwa niba muganga wawe akeneye amakuru arambuye, hashobora gusabwa izindi shusho. CT scan cyangwa MRI bishobora gutanga amashusho meza kandi bifasha gutandukanya amakoma yoroshye n’agoranye.

Ibizamini by’amaraso n’inkari bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y’impyiko, ariko ibi bizamini ntibyerekana amakoma. Bifasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa uko impyiko zawe zikora muri rusange.

Ubuvuzi bw’amakoma mu mpyiko ni buhe?

Amakoma menshi yoroshye mu mpyiko nta buvuzi akeneye. Niba amakoma yawe adateza ibimenyetso kandi asa n’ayoroshye mu mashusho, muganga wawe azakugira inama yo gutegereza.

Ubuvuzi buzaba bukenewe gusa niba amakoma ateza ibimenyetso bihoraho cyangwa ingaruka. Dore uburyo muganga wawe ashobora gutekerezaho niba ubuvuzi bukenewe:

• Sclerotherapy: gukuramo amazi mu ikomo no gushyiramo inzoga kugira ngo birinde kongera kuzura
• Kubaga: ku makoma manini, ateza ibimenyetso, cyangwa agoranye
• Laparoscopic cyst decortication: kubaga buto kugira ngo hakurweho inkuta z’ikomo
• Gufasha kugabanya ububabare: imiti yo kugabanya ububabare buterwa n’amakoma manini
• Kuvura ingaruka: antibiyotike ku ndwara, uburyo bwo guhagarika kuva amaraso

Guhitamo ubuvuzi biterwa n’ubunini bw’ikomo, aho kiri, ibimenyetso, n’ubuzima muri rusange. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibyago n’akamaro k’uburyo bwose niba ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Ku makoma agoranye, ibyemezo byo kuvura biba byihariye kandi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo inama n’inzobere nka urologists cyangwa interventional radiologists.

Uko wakwitwara mu rugo ufite amakoma mu mpyiko

Niba amakoma yawe mu mpyiko adateza ibimenyetso, ushobora gukomeza imirimo yawe ya buri munsi nta kintu na kimwe cyihariye. Abantu benshi bafite amakoma mu mpyiko babayeho ubuzima busanzwe.

Kubura ububabare buke buterwa n’amakoma manini, imiti yo kugabanya ububabare nka acetaminophen ishobora gufasha. Ariko kandi, kwirinda gukoresha ibuprofen cyangwa izindi NSAIDs cyane, kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’impyiko mu gihe kirekire.

Kwirinda gutakaza amazi bifasha ubuzima bw’impyiko muri rusange, nubwo bitazagabanya amakoma ariho. Gerageza kunywa amazi agera kuri 8 buri munsi keretse muganga wawe akubwiye ibindi.

Kwitondera ibimenyetso byawe no kwandika impinduka. Niba ubona ububabare bushya, amaraso mu nkari, cyangwa umuriro, hamagara muganga wawe vuba aho kugerageza kuvura ibyo bimenyetso mu rugo.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Mbere yo gusura muganga, andika ibimenyetso byose wari ufite, harimo igihe byatangiye n’icyo biba byiza cyangwa bibi. Ndetse n’ibimenyetso bike birakwiye kuvuga.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti n’ibindi byose ukoresha, ndetse n’ibizamini byose by’amashusho uherutse gukora niba ubibona. Muganga wawe azashaka kumenya amateka y’umuryango w’indwara z’impyiko cyangwa amakoma.

Tegura ibibazo bijyanye n’ibyawe. Ushobora kwibaza ku buryo bwo gukurikirana, ibikorwa byo kwirinda, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikwiye guhita byitabwaho n’abaganga.

Ntukabe umunyamahoro gusaba ibisobanuro ku kintu udasobanukiwe. Muganga wawe ashaka ko wumva wishimye kandi uzi amakoma yawe mu mpyiko.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane ku makoma mu mpyiko

Ikintu gikomeye cyo kwibuka ni uko amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko ari menshi cyane kandi akenshi nta kibazo ateza. Niba wabwiwe ko ufite amakoma mu mpyiko, ibi ntibisobanura ko ufite indwara y’impyiko cyangwa ko ubuzima bwawe buri mu kaga.

Abantu benshi bafite amakoma mu mpyiko nta buvuzi bakenera kandi bashobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bwiza. Gukurikirana buri gihe, iyo bisabwa, bifasha kugenzura ko amakoma yawe akomeza kuba meza kandi adateza ibibazo.

Fata ingamba zo kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange aho guhangayikishwa n’amakoma yawe. Kwirinda gutakaza amazi, kugenzura umuvuduko w’amaraso, no gukurikirana na muganga wawe nk’uko byategetswe. Amakoma yawe mu mpyiko ashobora kuba ari abantu badafite icyaha mu mpyiko zawe zimeze neza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku makoma mu mpyiko

Ese amakoma mu mpyiko ashobora guhinduka kanseri?

Amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko ntashobora guhinduka kanseri. Ni meza rwose kandi ntazigera iba mbi. Ariko kandi, amakoma agoranye afite ibintu bidasanzwe ashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa hafi kugira ngo habeho gukumira izindi ndwara. Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya ubwoko bw’amakoma ufite hashingiwe ku mashusho.

Ese amakoma mu mpyiko agira ingaruka ku mikorere y’impyiko?

Amakoma yoroshye mu mpyiko akenshi ntagira ingaruka ku mikorere y’impyiko, nubwo ufite menshi. Impyiko zawe zifite ubushobozi bwo gukora cyane, ku buryo amakoma make ntazagira ingaruka ku mikorere yayo. Mu bihe bike cyane gusa ufite amakoma manini menshi, imikorere y’impyiko ishobora kugira ingaruka.

Ese amakoma yanjye mu mpyiko azakura mu gihe kirekire?

Amakoma amwe mu mpyiko akura buhoro buhoro mu myaka, andi akaguma ari uko ari ko kose. Ukwaguka kenshi kuba buhoro buhoro kandi nta kibazo biteza. Muganga wawe azakurikirana impinduka z’ubunini mu gihe cyo gukurikirana amashusho kandi akubwire niba ukwaguka bibaye ikibazo.

Ese nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk’uko bisanzwe mfite amakoma mu mpyiko?

Yego, ushobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk’uko bisanzwe ufite amakoma mu mpyiko. Amakoma yoroshye ntasaba ko uhagarika imyitozo kuri benshi. Ariko kandi, niba ufite amakoma manini cyangwa ugira ububabare mu gihe cy’ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe, ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe ku buryo bwo gukora imyitozo.

Ngahe nkenera gukurikiranwa n’amashusho kubera amakoma mu mpyiko?

Amakoma yoroshye akenshi ntakeneye gukurikiranwa n’amashusho buri gihe iyo amaze kumenyekana ko ari meza. Amakoma agoranye ashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa buri mezi 6-12 mu ntangiriro, hanyuma buke niba akomeza kuba meza. Muganga wawe azakora gahunda yo gukurikirana ishingiye ku bihe byawe.