Icyo Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy ari cyo? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ni uburwayi bw’ubwonko bugira ingaruka ku kwibuka, ku ngingo, ku kuryama, no ku myitwarire. Bibaho iyo ibintu bidasanzwe byitwa Lewy bodies byiyongera mu mitsi y’ubwonko.

Ubu burwayi ni ubwa kabiri busanzwe mu bwoko bwa demensiya nyuma ya Alzheimer.Icyo kibutsa ni uko buhuza ibibazo byo kwibuka n’ibibazo byo kugenda ndetse n’ibyiyumvo byinshi. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe hari ikintu gishobora kubaho kandi ukamenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha.

Icyo Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy ari cyo?

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ibaho iyo ibice by’umwimerere witwa alpha-synuclein byiyongera mu mitsi y’ubwonko. Ibi bice by’umwimerere bitwa Lewy bodies, bizina ry’umuhanga wabibonye bwa mbere.

Tekereza ko imisemburo y’ubwonko yawe ari nk’uruganda rukora cyane. Iyo Lewy bodies zibayeho, zangiza imirimo isanzwe iba muri iyo misemburo. Iyo ngaruka igira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe butunganya amakuru, bugengura ingingo, kandi bugacunga imiterere yo kuryama.

Ubu burwayi bufite indwara ebyiri zifitanye isano. Dementiya ifite Lewy bodies itangira n’ibibazo byo kwibuka, hanyuma ibibazo byo kugenda bigakurikira. Dementiya y’indwara ya Parkinson itangira n’ibibazo byo kugenda, kandi ibibazo byo kwibuka bigakurikira. Zombi zirimo ibintu bimwe by’ibanze bya Lewy bodies.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Ibimenyetso bya Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy bishobora gutandukana cyane umunsi ku munsi, ibi bikunze gutangaza imiryango. Umuntu wawe ukunda ashobora kugaragara afite ubwenge kandi akaba afite amahoro umunsi umwe, hanyuma agahinduka atari mu bwenge kandi aryamye undi munsi.

Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ushobora kubona:

• Ibyiyumvo byo kubona: Kubona abantu, inyamaswa, cyangwa ibintu bitariho, akenshi biba bifite ibimenyetso byinshi kandi bifatika
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka: Kugira ibibazo byo kwitondera, gutegura, no gukora imirimo isaba amaso n’ubwonko nko kumenya intera
• Ibibazo byo kugenda: Kugenda buhoro, imitsi ikakara, guhindagurika, cyangwa kugenda nk’abafite indwara ya Parkinson
• Ibibazo byo kuryama: Gukora inzozi mu buryo bw’umubiri, kuvugira cyangwa kugenda mu gihe cyo kuryama
• Guhinduka kw’imimerere: Kugira agahinda, guhangayika, cyangwa guhinduka k’amarangamutima
• Guhinduka kwitonda: Ibihe byo kuba maso bihinduka ubwenge buke cyangwa kureba

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bitazwi cyane. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kugwa kenshi, gucika intege, cyangwa kugira ubukana cyane kuri imiti imwe. Ihuriro ry’ibimenyetso akenshi rifasha abaganga gutandukanya Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy n’izindi ndwara.

Ni iki gitera Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Intandaro nyayo ya Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bazi ko irimo kwiyongera kw’ibintu bidasanzwe bya alpha-synuclein mu mitsi y’ubwonko. Uyu mwimerere ubusanzwe ufasha imisemburo y’imitsi kuvugana, ariko iyo yiyegeranye, yangiza imisemburo.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ibi kubaho. Imyaka ni yo ntandaro ikomeye, abantu benshi bagira ibimenyetso nyuma y’imyaka 60. Kugira umuntu wo mu muryango ufite Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy cyangwa indwara ya Parkinson byongera gato ibyago byawe, bigaragaza ko imico y’umuryango igira uruhare ruto.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko ibintu bimwe byo mu kirere bishobora gutera ibi, nubwo bitaragaragazwa. Imvune z’umutwe, kwibasirwa na bimwe mu bintu byangiza, cyangwa kugira REM sleep behavior disorder igihe kirekire bishobora kongera ibyago. Ariko, abantu benshi bafite ibyo byago ntibagira iyo ndwara.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga niba ubona impinduka zikomeye mu kwibuka, mu ngingo, cyangwa mu myitwarire zibangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kugaragara ari bito, ariko kubibona hakiri kare bishobora gufasha mu gutegura no kuvura.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ibyiyumvo byo kubona, cyane cyane niba ari byinshi kandi bikomeye. Nubwo ibyiyumvo bishobora gutera ubwoba, akenshi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere kandi byihariye bya Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy.

Ibindi bimenyetso bibangamira harimo gukora inzozi mu gihe cyo kuryama, guhindagurika kw’ubwenge butunguranye, cyangwa ibibazo bishya byo kugenda nko gukara cyangwa guhindagurika. Impinduka mu mimerere, mu bushobozi bwo kwibuka, cyangwa kugwa bitazwi na byo bisaba isuzuma ry’abaganga.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ibimenyetso biri kwiyongera cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku mutekano. Isuzuma rya hakiri kare rifasha abaganga gukuraho izindi ndwara zishobora kuvurwa no gutegura gahunda nziza yo kwita ku kibazo cyawe.

Ni ibihe byago bya Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kugira Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzabona iyo ndwara. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bifasha gushyira ibyago byawe ku giti cyawe mu buryo bwiza.

Ibintu by’ingenzi by’ibyago birimo:

• Imyaka: Ibyago byiyongera cyane nyuma y’imyaka 60, hamwe n’ubundi burwayi bwinshi buhabwa abantu barengeje imyaka 70
• Igitsina: Abagabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira iyo ndwara kurusha abagore
• Amateka y’umuryango: Kugira abavandimwe bafite Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy cyangwa indwara ya Parkinson byongera gato ibyago
• REM sleep behavior disorder: Gukora inzozi igihe kirekire mbere y’ibindi bimenyetso
• Agahinda: Kugira agahinda hakiri kare bishobora kongera gato ibyago

Ibintu bimwe by’ibyago bitazwi cyane biracyiga. Ibi birimo imvune z’umutwe kenshi, kwibasirwa na bimwe mu biribwa, cyangwa kugira imico y’umuryango idasanzwe. Ariko, abantu benshi bafite ibyo bintu ntibagira iyo ndwara.

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibyago ntibigena ejo hazaza hawe. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi baguma bakomeye, naho abandi badafite ibyago bigaragara bagira iyo ndwara.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ishobora gutera ibibazo byinshi uko iyo ndwara igenda ikura, ariko gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bifasha imiryango kwitegura no kubigenzura neza. Si buri wese ugira ibibazo byose, kandi igihe cyabyo gitandukana cyane hagati y’abantu.

Ibibazo bisanzwe ushobora guhura na byo birimo:

• Ubukana kuri imiti: Ibikorwa bikomeye kuri imwe mu miti y’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe, cyane cyane antipsychotiques
• Kugwa no gukomereka: Ibibazo byo kugenda no kutibuka byongera ibyago by’impanuka
• Ibibazo byo kwishima: Ibibazo byo kurya cyangwa kunywa neza, bigatera guhumeka cyangwa pneumonia
• Ibibazo by’imyitwarire: Uburakari, ubugome, cyangwa kujya ahantu hatariho bigira ingaruka ku mutekano
• Guhagarika ibitotsi: Imiterere yo kuryama idahwitse igira ingaruka ku murwayi n’abamwitaho

Ibibazo bitazwi cyane ariko bikomeye birimo ibibazo bikomeye bya autonome. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kugwa k’umuvuduko w’amaraso, guhindagurika kw’umutima, cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenzura ubushyuhe. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibibazo bikomeye by’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe cyangwa bakaba batagishoboye kwita ku mibereho yabo.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibibazo byinshi bishobora gucungwa neza hamwe no kwitabwaho neza n’abaganga, guhindura ibidukikije, no gufashwa n’umuryango. Gukorana n’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi bifasha gukumira cyangwa kugabanya ibyo bibazo.

Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy bisaba isuzuma ry’umuhanga, ubusanzwe umuganga w’ubwonko cyangwa umuganga wita ku bantu bakuze. Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya iyo ndwara neza, bityo abaganga bakoresha ibintu byinshi byo gusuzuma no kureba.

Muganga wawe azatangira n’amateka arambuye y’ubuzima n’isuzuma ry’umubiri. Azakubaza ibibazo byawe, igihe byatangiye, n’uburyo byahindutse uko iminsi igenda. Abagize umuryango akenshi batanga amakuru akomeye ku mpinduka za buri munsi n’imyitwarire.

Ibizami byinshi bifasha gushyigikira isuzuma. Ibizami byo kwibuka bisuzuma kwibuka, kwitondera, n’ubushobozi bwo kwibuka. Ibishushanyo by’ubwonko nka MRI cyangwa DaTscan bishobora kugaragaza impinduka zihariye. Ibyigisho byo kuryama bishobora kugaragaza REM sleep behavior disorder, akenshi ibaho imyaka myinshi mbere y’ibindi bimenyetso.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma bushobora gutwara igihe kuko ibimenyetso bihuza n’izindi ndwara. Muganga wawe akeneye gukuraho izindi ntandaro za demensiya, agahinda, cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenda. Rimwe na rimwe isuzuma riba rigaragara uko ibimenyetso bigenda bigaragara mu mezi menshi.

Ni iki kivura Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Nubwo nta muti uravura Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy, imiti myinshi ishobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuzima. Ubuvuzi bugamije guhangana n’ibimenyetso byihariye aho kuba indwara nyir’izina.

Imiti ishobora gufasha mu bice bitandukanye by’indwara. Cholinesterase inhibitors nka donepezil ishobora kunoza kwibuka n’ibyiyumvo. Carbidopa-levodopa ishobora gufasha mu bibazo byo kugenda, nubwo ikoreshwa witonze. Melatonin cyangwa clonazepam bishobora gufasha mu bibazo byo kuryama.

Uburyo butari imiti ni ingenzi cyane. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bufasha kugumana imbaraga n’uburinganire. Gushyiraho gahunda za buri munsi bigabanya ubwenge buke. Kurema ahantu hakeye, hakeye bishobora kugabanya ibibazo by’ibyiyumvo.

Ubuvuzi busaba ubufatanye kuko abantu bafite Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy bafite ubukana cyane kuri imiti myinshi. Imiti ya antipsychotique, ikoreshwa cyane mu bundi bwoko bwa demensiya, ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye kandi ikwiye kwirindwa.

Uburyo bwo gucunga Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy murugo?

Gucaunga Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy murugo bisaba kurema ahantu hafasha no gutegura ingamba z’ibibazo bya buri munsi. Impinduka nto mu buryo bwawe zishobora gutera itandukaniro rikomeye mu mutekano no mu mahoro.

Tangira ushyireho gahunda za buri munsi. Amasaha yo kurya, ibikorwa, n’amasaha yo kuryama bifasha kugabanya ubwenge buke n’umujinya. Komeza ahantu hakeye, cyane cyane ahantu ibyiyumvo biba byinshi.

Kubibazo byo kugenda, kuraho ibintu bishobora gutera kugwa nka tapi zidashikamye kandi ushyireho ibintu byo gufata mu bwiherero. Teza imbere imyitozo ngororamubiri nko kugenda cyangwa gukora imyitozo yo kwagura imitsi kugira ngo ugumane ubushobozi bwo kugenda. Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri bushobora kwigisha uburyo bwo kugenda neza no gutanga ibikoresho bifasha.

Iyo ibyiyumvo bibayeho, ntukavugane ku byabaye. Ahubwo, menya icyo umuntu yumva kandi umuyobore buhoro buhoro ku kintu cyiza. Rimwe na rimwe ibyiyumvo ntibiba bibabaza kandi ntibikenera kuvurwa.

Ibibazo byo kuryama bikunze kumera neza hamwe no kuryama neza. Shyiraho gahunda yo kuryama ituje, komeza kuryama ku manywa, kandi ube wizeye ko ibitanda ari byiza niba hari imyitwarire yo gukora inzozi. Tekereza gukuraho ibintu bishobora kwangirika mu bitanda.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga?

Kwitabira neza gusura muganga bifasha kwemeza ko ubonye isuzuma ryiza kandi gahunda nziza yo kuvura. Kuzana amakuru meza bituma uruzinduko ruba rwiza kuri buri wese.

Komeza ibitabo by’ibimenyetso byawe byibuze icyumweru mbere yo gusura muganga. Bandika igihe ibimenyetso biba, igihe biba, n’icyo bishobora gutera. Shyiramo amakuru yerekeye imiterere yo kuryama, impinduka z’imimerere, n’ubushobozi bwa buri munsi.

Kora urutonde rw’imiti yawe yose, harimo imiti yo mu rugo n’ibindi. Zana impapuro z’ubuvuzi zivuye mu bandi baganga, cyane cyane ibizami by’ubwonko cyangwa ibizami byo kwibuka. Kugira amateka y’ubuzima yuzuye bifasha muganga wawe kubona ishusho yuzuye.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ya hafi yabonye ibimenyetso. Bashobora gutanga amakuru akomeye ku mpinduka ushobora kutamenya. Andika ibibazo byihariye ushaka kubaza kugira ngo wibuke ibibazo byawe by’ingenzi mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ni indwara igoranye igira ingaruka ku kwibuka, ku ngingo, no ku myitwarire mu buryo bwihariye. Nubwo itera ibibazo bikomeye, gusobanukirwa iyo ndwara biguha ubushobozi bwo gushaka ubufasha bukwiye no gufata ibyemezo byiza.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ibimenyetso bishobora gucungwa neza hamwe n’uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Isuzuma rya hakiri kare rifasha kwirinda imiti mibi kandi bikwemerera gutegura ejo hazaza mugihe ugumana ubuzima bwiza bushoboka.

Uburambe bwa buri muntu kuri Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy butandukanye. Bamwe mu bantu bagumana ubwigenge imyaka myinshi, naho abandi bakenera ubufasha bwinshi vuba. Gukorana n’abaganga b’abahanga no guhuza n’ibigo byita ku bantu bifasha guca iyi nzira ufite icyizere n’ibyiringiro.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa kuri Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy

Abantu babaho igihe kingana iki bafite Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy?

Abantu bafite Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ubusanzwe babaho imyaka 5-8 nyuma yo gusuzuma, nubwo ibi bitandukanye cyane. Bamwe mu bantu babaho igihe kirekire, naho abandi bagira iterambere ryihuse. Ibintu nko kumera neza, imyaka yo gusuzuma, no kubona ubufasha bw’abaganga bigira ingaruka ku gihe cyo kubaho. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukwita ku buzima bwiza no gukora buri munsi uko bishoboka kose.

Ese Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy irashobora kwandura?

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ntirandura nk’izindi ndwara z’imico, ariko amateka y’umuryango agira uruhare ruto. Kugira umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite iyo ndwara byongera gato ibyago byawe, ariko ubundi burwayi bwinshi buhabwa abantu badafite amateka y’umuryango. Imigenzo y’umuryango ishobora gutera ibi, ariko ihurirana n’ibintu byo mu kirere n’imyaka mu buryo bugoranye abahanga bataramenya neza.

Ese Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy ishobora gukumirwa?

Nta buryo bwemewe bwo gukumira Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy, ariko imyitwarire imwe yo mu buzima ishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe byose bya demensiya. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kugumana abantu, gucunga ubuzima bw’umutima, no kugumana ubwenge bwawe binyuze mu kwiga bishobora gufasha. Ariko, abantu benshi bagira iyo ndwara baba barabayeho ubuzima bwiza, bityo gukumira ntibyizewe gusa binyuze mu myitwarire yo mu buzima.

Ni iki gitandukanya Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy n’indwara ya Alzheimer?

Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy n’indwara ya Alzheimer ni ubwoko bwa demensiya ariko bifite intandaro n’ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy irimo ibintu byitwa Lewy bodies, naho Alzheimer irimo amyloid plaques na tau tangles. Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy ubusanzwe irimo ibyiyumvo byo kubona, ibibazo byo kugenda, no guhindagurika kw’ubwenge, ibi bikaba bitazwi cyane mu ndwara ya Alzheimer.

Kuki abantu bafite Dementiya y’Umuntu wa Lewy bafite ubukana kuri imwe mu miti?

Abantu bafite Dementiya y’umuntu wa Lewy bafite imisemburo y’ubwonko yangiritse ifite ubukana cyane kuri imiti igira ingaruka kuri dopamine, umwimerere w’ubwonko ufitanye isano no kugenda no kwibuka. Imiti ya antipsychotique ishobora guhagarika dopamine kandi ikatera ibibazo bikomeye byo kugenda, ubwenge buke, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye bishobora gutera urupfu. Ubu bukana ni ingenzi cyane ku buryo bufatwa nk’ibintu by’ingenzi abaganga barebaho iyo basuzuma iyo ndwara.