Lupus ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Lupus ni indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri aho ubwo budahangarwa bwibasira utubumbe n’imigongo y’umubiri ukunda. Tekereza ko ari nk’aho uburyo bwo kwirinda umubiri buhubuka bukagaba igitero ku mubiri wawe aho kurinda indwara.

Iyi ndwara iratwara abantu benshi ku isi, abagore bakaba ari bo bayirwara cyane kurusha abagabo. Nubwo lupus ishobora kuguhaza, kumenya icyo ari cyo n’ukuntu ikora bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite uburyo bwo kuyikurikirana.

Lupus ni iki?

Lupus ni indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri iterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bukabije, bukorera hose mu mubiri. Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, busanzwe burwanya indwara, burakabije bugatangira kwibasira uturemangingo, imigongo, n’ingingo z’umubiri.

Ubu bubabare bushobora kugera kuri buri gice cy’umubiri, harimo uruhu, ingingo, impyiko, umutima, ibihaha, n’ubwonko. Niyo mpamvu ibimenyetso bya lupus bitandukanye cyane ku muntu ku wundi, kandi niyo mpamvu abaganga bakunze kuyita “umwigomeke ukomeye”.

Abantu benshi barwaye lupus bashobora kubana ubuzima buzira umuze, bakora ibikorwa byabo, bafashwe neza kandi bavuriwe. Iyi ndwara ikunze kuza no kugenda mu bihe, hari igihe ibimenyetso bikaramba, ibindi bikaruhuka.

Ni ayahe moko ya Lupus?

Hari ubwoko bune nyamukuru bwa lupus, buri bwoko bugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mubiri. Kumenya ubwoko ufite bifasha muganga wawe gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi ibereye uko uhagaze.

Lupus y’imbere mu mubiri (SLE) ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara kandi ikomeye. Ishobora kugera ku ngingo nyinshi z’umubiri, harimo impyiko, umutima, ibihaha, n’ubwonko. Ni yo abantu benshi bavuga iyo bavuze “lupus”.

Lupus y’uruhu igira ingaruka ku ruhu, itera ibibyimba n’ibikomere. Ikimenyetso cyayo gikunze kugaragara ni ikibyimba gifite ishusho y’inyoni ku matama no ku izuru, nubwo gishobora kugaragara ahandi.

Lupus iterwa n’imiti iterwa no kunywa imiti imwe, cyane cyane imiti igabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso n’imiti y’umutima. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubu bwoko busanzwe buhita bugenda iyo uretse kunywa iyo miti.

Lupus y’abana bato ni indwara idakunze kugaragara, igaragara ku bana bavutse ku mubyeyi ufite antikorps zimwe na zimwe. Abana benshi bavuka ku babyeyi barwaye lupus baba bafite ubuzima bwiza, kandi iyi ndwara idakunze kugaragara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Lupus?

Ibimenyetso bya lupus bishobora kuba bigoye kumenya kuko bikunze gusa n’ibindi bimenyetso by’izindi ndwara, kandi bitandukanye cyane ku muntu ku wundi. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora kuza no kugenda mu buryo budateganijwe.

Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara:

• Uburwayi bukabije budakira nubwo waruhuka
• Kubabara no kubyimba kw’ingingo, cyane cyane mu ntoki, mu maboko, no mu mavi
• Ikibyimba gifite ishusho y’inyoni ku matama no ku izuru
• Ibibyimba by’uruhu bikaramba iyo ugiye ku zuba
• Urufuriro ruza rugenda nta mpamvu igaragara
• Umusatsi ugucika cyangwa ugacika
• Ibibyimba mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru
• Iminwe n’ibirenge bihinduka umweru cyangwa ubururu mu gihe cy’ubukonje (Raynaud’s phenomenon)

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bidakunze kugaragara ariko bikomeye bisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa:

• Ibibazo by’impyiko, harimo kubyimba mu birenge no mu maso
• Kubabara mu kifuba cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Kubabara cyane mu mutwe cyangwa gucika intekerezo
• Gukama cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’ubwonko
• Ibibazo byo gukomera kw’amaraso
• Ibibazo by’umutima

Wibuke ko kugira kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso ntibisobanura ko ufite lupus. Indwara nyinshi zishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk’ibi, niyo mpamvu gusuzuma neza kwa muganga ari ingenzi cyane.

Ni iki gitera Lupus?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya lupus iracyari amayobera, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko iterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu, ibidukikije, n’imisemburo ikorera hamwe. Nta kintu kimwe cyonyine gitera lupus.

Imisemburo yawe igira uruhare, ariko kugira abagize umuryango barwaye lupus ntibihamya ko nawe uzayirwara. Abahanga bamenye imisemburo imwe n’imwe ituma bamwe mu bantu bayirwara, ariko iyo misemburo igomba “gukangurirwa” n’ibindi bintu.

Ibintu byo mu bidukikije bishobora gutera lupus ku bantu bafite iyo misemburo:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi, cyane cyane Epstein-Barr virus
• Kugenda ku zuba cyane
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’umubiri cyangwa umutima
• Imiti imwe n’imwe, cyane cyane imiti imwe yo kurwanya udukoko n’imiti yo kuvura indwara z’ubwonko
• Ibintu by’imiti, nubwo bitakunda kugaragara

Imisemburo, cyane cyane estrogen, igira uruhare mu iterambere rya lupus. Ibi bisobanura impamvu abagore bari mu myaka yo kubyara ari bo bayirwara cyane, kandi impamvu ibimenyetso bikunze kuba byinshi mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa iyo umuntu anywa imiti irimo estrogen.

Ni ingenzi kumva ko nta kintu wakoze gitera lupus. Iyi ndwara iterwa n’ibintu byinshi bikorera hamwe, bikaba bitari mu bubasha bwawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Lupus?

Ugomba guhamagara muganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye bikubuza gukora ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi, cyane cyane niba ibimenyetso byinshi bibaye rimwe. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye.

Shaka ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa niba ufite:

• Urufuriro rudakira iminsi myinshi
• Kubabara no kubyimba kw’ingingo nyinshi
• Uburwayi bukomeye budakira nubwo waruhuka
• Ibibyimba by’uruhu bishya, cyane cyane mu duce twagiye ku zuba
• Umusatsi ugucika cyangwa ibibyimba mu kanwa

Shaka ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa niba ufite:

• Kubabara mu kifuba cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Kubabara cyane mu mutwe hamwe no gucika intekerezo cyangwa guhinduka kw’ubuhanga
• Gukama cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’ubwonko
• Kubabara cyane mu nda
• Ibimenyetso by’ibibazo by’impyiko nko kubyimba cyangwa guhinduka mu kunyara

Ntugatinye kuvugira ibyo wumva niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeje. Lupus ishobora kuba bigoye kuyimenya, kandi ushobora kuba ukeneye kubona abaganga benshi cyangwa abahanga mbere yo kubona ibisubizo.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara Lupus?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara lupus, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara. Kumenya ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kuba maso ku bimenyetso bishoboka no gushaka ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byinshi harimo:

• Kuba umugore, cyane cyane hagati y’imyaka 15-45
• Kuba ufite inkomoko y’abirabura b’Abanyamerika, Abahispanike, Abanyaziya, cyangwa Abanyamerika kavukire
• Kugira abagize umuryango barwaye lupus cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri
• Indwara ziterwa na virusi, cyane cyane Epstein-Barr virus
• Kunwa imiti imwe igihe kirekire

Ibintu bimwe byo mu bidukikije n’imibereho bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Kuba mu duce hari izuba ryinshi
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’umubiri cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye
• Kunywisha itabi, bishobora kongera ibimenyetso
• Kugira aho uhura n’ibintu by’imiti cyangwa uburozi

Kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzirwara lupus. Abantu benshi bafite ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago ntibayirwara, abandi bafite bike bayirwara. Ibyo bintu bifasha abaganga kumenya abantu bashobora kuyirwara.

Ni iyihe ngaruka zishoboka za Lupus?

Lupus ishobora kugera ku ngingo nyinshi z’umubiri, itera ingaruka zitandukanye niba idakurikiranwe cyangwa idavuwe neza. Ariko, hamwe no kwitabwaho neza kwa muganga no kuvurwa, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa guhangana nazo neza.

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara zireba impyiko, indwara yitwa lupus nephritis:

• Kubabara kw’impyiko bishobora gutera impyiko kudakora
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso udasanzwe uterwa n’ibibazo by’impyiko
• Kubura proteine mu kunyara
• Kubyibuha kubera amazi menshi mu mubiri

Ingaruka ku mutima zishobora kuza uko iminsi igenda:

• Ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima n’umwijima
• Kubabara kw’umutima
• Ibibazo byo gukomera kw’amaraso
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso udasanzwe

Ingaruka nke ariko zikomeye harimo:

• Ibibazo by’ubwonko nko gukama cyangwa guhinduka kw’ubwenge
• Kubabara kw’ibihaha cyangwa kubyimba
• Anemia ikomeye cyangwa kugabanuka kw’amaraso
• Gusenywa kw’amagufwa kubera kunywa imiti ya steroide igihe kirekire
• Ibyago byo kwandura indwara kubera kuvurwa kugira ngo ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bugabanuke

Ikintu nyamukuru cyo kwirinda ingaruka ni ugukorana n’abaganga bawe no gukurikiza gahunda y’ubuvuzi yawe buri gihe. Gusuzuma buri gihe bituma muganga wawe abona ibibazo hakiri kare.

Lupus imenyekana ite?

Kumenya lupus bishobora kuba bigoye kuko nta kizami kimwe cyerekana iyi ndwara. Muganga wawe azakoresha ibimenyetso, isuzuma ry’umubiri, n’ibizamini byo mu labo kugira ngo amenye iyi ndwara.

Uburyo bwo kumenya iyi ndwara bugira uruhare mu mateka yawe y’ubuzima n’isuzuma ry’umubiri. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y’umuryango wawe, n’imiti uyinywa ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa na lupus.

Ibizamini by’amaraso bigira uruhare mu kumenya lupus:

• Ibizamini bya Antinuclear antibody (ANA), bigaragara ku bantu benshi barwaye lupus
• Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, bihari cyane kuri lupus
• Anti-Smith antibodies, bihari cyane ariko biboneka ku bantu bake
• Uruhare rwa complement (C3 na C4), rukunze kuba ruke mu gihe cy’indwara
• Ibizamini byuzuye by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe anemia cyangwa kugabanuka kw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso

Ibindi bizamini bishobora gukorwa:

• Ibizamini by’imikorere y’impyiko n’ibizamini by’inkari
• Ibimenyetso by’ububabare nka ESR na CRP
• Anti-phospholipid antibodies niba hari ikibazo cyo gukomera kw’amaraso
• Gucukura utubumbe, cyane cyane impyiko niba hari ikibazo cy’impyiko

American College of Rheumatology yashyizeho uburyo bwo kumenya lupus. Ntiwibeshye ko ugomba kugira ibyo bimenyetso byose, ariko kugira bimwe muri byo bigaragaza lupus, cyane cyane iyo bihuriye n’ibimenyetso bisanzwe.

Ni ubuhe buvuzi bwa Lupus?

Ubuvuzi bwa lupus bugamije guhangana n’ububabare, kwirinda ko ingingo zangirika, no guhangana n’ibimenyetso kugira ngo ubashe kubana ubuzima busanzwe. Gahunda y’ubuvuzi bwawe izahuzwa n’ingingo zangiritse n’uburyo indwara yawe ikomeye.

Imiti ni yo shingiro ry’ubuvuzi bwa lupus:

• Imiti yo kurwanya malaria nka hydroxychloroquine ku bimenyetso bike no kwirinda indwara
• Corticosteroids yo guhangana n’ububabare mu gihe cy’indwara
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nka methotrexate cyangwa mycophenolate ku ndwara zikomeye
• Biologics nka belimumab ku ndwara zikomeye zitavurwa n’izindi miti
• NSAIDs ku kubabara kw’ingingo no kubyimba

Ubuvuzi bw’ingingo zimwe na zimwe bushobora kuba:

• ACE inhibitors cyangwa ARBs yo kurinda impyiko
• Imiti igabanya gukomera kw’amaraso niba ufite ibibazo byo gukomera kw’amaraso
• Imiti yo kuvura gukama niba hari ikibazo cy’ubwonko
• Imiti yo kwisiga ku ruhu

Muganga wawe azatangira kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti yoroshye kandi akayihindura bitewe n’uko umubiri wawe uyakiriye n’ingaruka zayo. Gusuzuma buri gihe bituma ubuvuzi bwawe bukomeza kuba bwiza kandi buteje umutekano.

Intego ni ukugira ngo indwara iruhuke, aho ibimenyetso biba bike kandi ubasha kubana ubuzima busanzwe ufite ingaruka nke z’imiti.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe uri mu rugo

Kwita kuri lupus iwawe mu rugo bisaba guhindura imibereho yawe no kwita ku buzima bwawe, ibi bikaba bishimangira ubuvuzi bwawe. Ibi bishobora kugabanya kugaragara k’indwara no kuyirinda, bikongera ubuzima bwawe.

Kwirinda izuba ni ingenzi cyane kuko izuba rishobora gutera indwara:

• Koresha amavuta yo kwisiga ku zuba afite SPF 30 cyangwa arenga buri munsi
• Kwambara imyenda ikwirinda izuba, ingofero, n’izuba
• Kwirinda izuba ryinshi hagati ya saa 10 za mu gitondo na saa 4 z’ijoro
• Koresha firime ibuza izuba mu modoka yawe no mu rugo

Kwita ku muvuduko w’umutima bigira uruhare mu kwirinda indwara:

• Koresha uburyo bwo kuruhuka nko guhumeka cyangwa gutekereza
• Kuryama igihe kimwe kandi ugere ku masaha 7-9 yo kuryama buri joro
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroshye nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa yoga
• Tekereza ku bijyanye n’ubujyanama cyangwa amatsinda yo gufashanya kugira ngo uhangane n’indwara z’igihe kirekire

Ibiryo n’imibereho bishobora gufasha ubuzima bwawe:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo calcium na vitamine D kugira ngo urinde amagufwa
• Kugabanya umunyu niba ufite ibibazo by’impyiko cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso udasanzwe
• Reka kunywisha itabi, kuko bishobora kongera ibimenyetso bya lupus no kubangamira imiti
• Kwirinda indwara zanduza, kwirinda inkingo z’abazima

Kwita ku bimenyetso byawe no kubikora mu gitabo, ukandika ibitera indwara, ibimenyetso, n’ingaruka z’imiti. Aya makuru afasha abaganga bawe kunoza gahunda y’ubuvuzi bwawe.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwita ku kujya kwa muganga neza bituma ugira ibyiza byinshi mu ruzinduko rwawe kandi bifasha abaganga bawe gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza. Gutegura neza ni ingenzi cyane kuri lupus kuko ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bigoye kandi bitandukanye.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, igihe byatangiye, n’icyo biba byiza cyangwa bibi
• Zana imiti yose, imiti y’inyongera, n’imiti y’imiti uyinywa
• Kora kopi y’ibizamini byawe byose cyangwa impapuro z’ubuvuzi
• Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza
• Andika amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango wawe

Kora ikarita y’ibimenyetso byawe iminsi myinshi mbere yo kujya kwa muganga:

• Uburyo ibimenyetso byawe bikomeye buri munsi
• Ibintu bishobora gutera indwara
• Uko ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi
• Ingaruka z’imiti cyangwa ibibazo
• Uko waramye n’imbaraga

Tegura ibibazo byihariye ku ndwara yawe n’ubuvuzi bwayo:

• Lupus yanjye ikomeye gute ubu?
• Hariho ingaruka nshya nkwiye kwitondera?
• Ndagomba guhindura imiti yanjye cyangwa imibereho?
• Ni ryari ngomba guhamagara muganga?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa?

Fata umuntu ukunda cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo aguhe inkunga mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Lupus ishobora kwirindwa ite?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta buryo bwo kwirinda lupus kuko iterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibidukikije. Ariko, niba ufite lupus, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kwirinda indwara.

Nubwo utazi kwirinda lupus, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo gutera indwara:

• Kwirinda izuba ryinshi
• Kwita ku muvuduko w’umutima hakoreshejwe uburyo bwiza
• Kwita ku buzima bwawe hakoreshejwe imyitozo ngororamubiri n’ibiryo byiza
• Kwirinda kunywisha itabi no kugabanya inzoga
• Kuryama bihagije no kuruhuka

Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wawe arwaye lupus cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, kuba maso ku bimenyetso bishoboka no gushaka ubuvuzi niba hari ibimenyetso bikomeye bigaragara. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye.

Ku bantu bamaze kuvurwa lupus, kwirinda ingaruka bisobanura:

• Kunwa imiti nk’uko byategetswe buri gihe
• Kujya kwa muganga buri gihe
• Kwita ku bimenyetso bishya cyangwa guhinduka
• Kwita ku buzima bwawe nko gukingiza no gusuzuma

Ibintu bihinduka kuva kwirinda kugera ku kuvura iyo lupus imaze kugaragara, kandi hamwe no kwitabwaho neza, abantu benshi bashobora kubana ubuzima buzira umuze.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya kuri Lupus

Lupus ni indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ikomeye kandi igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku bantu bose, ariko ishobora kuvurwa neza hamwe no kwitabwaho neza kwa muganga no guhindura imibereho. Nubwo kumenya ko ufite lupus bishobora kuguhaza, wibuke ko ubuvuzi bwateye imbere cyane mu myaka mike ishize.

Ikintu gikomeye cyo kumenya ni uko lupus ari indwara y’igihe kirekire isaba kuvurwa buri gihe aho gukira. Hamwe na gahunda nziza y’ubuvuzi, abantu benshi barwaye lupus bashobora kubana ubuzima busanzwe, buzuye, kandi bafite ibibazo bike.

Kugira ngo ubuvuzi bwa lupus bugire icyo bugeraho, ni ugukorana n’abaganga bawe, gukurikiza ubuvuzi, no guhindura imibereho yawe kugira ngo ubuzima bwawe bube bwiza. Ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo, gushaka ubufasha, no kuvugira ibyo wumva mu rugendo rwawe rwo kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Wibuke ko kugira lupus ntibikugaragaza. Uracyari umuntu umwe ufite inzozi, intego, n’ubushobozi bumwe. Lupus ni kimwe mu bintu by’ubuzima bwawe bisaba kwitabwaho.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri Lupus

Lupus irashobora gukira burundu?

Kuri ubu, nta muti wa lupus, ariko ishobora kuvurwa neza hamwe no kuvurwa neza. Abantu benshi bagira igihe kirekire cyo kuruhuka aho ibimenyetso biba bike kandi bashobora kubana ubuzima busanzwe. Abashakashatsi bakomeza gukora ku miti mishya ishobora kuzatuma ikirwa.

Lupus yandura cyangwa iterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu?

Lupus ntiyandura kandi ntishobora kwandurira umuntu ku wundi. Nubwo imisemburo igira uruhare, lupus ntiyagendera ku miryango nk’izindi ndwara. Kugira umuryango ufite lupus byongera ibyago bike, ariko abantu benshi bafite amateka y’umuryango ntibayirwara.

Abantu barwaye lupus bashobora kubyara batagize ikibazo?

Abagore benshi barwaye lupus bashobora gutwita neza hamwe no gutegura neza no kwitabwaho kwa muganga. Ni ingenzi gukorana n’abaganga bawe mbere na nyuma yo gutwita. Imiti imwe ishobora guhinduka, kandi gusuzuma buri gihe bisanzwe bikenewe.

Lupus izakomeza kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda?

Lupus igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku bantu bose. Bamwe mu bantu bagira indwara yoroheje igumana imyaka myinshi, abandi bagira indwara ikomeye ifite igihe cyo kuba cyinshi n’ikiruhuko. Hamwe no kuvurwa neza, abantu benshi basanga lupus yabo iba yoroshye uko iminsi igenda kuko bamenya ibitera indwara no gukorana n’abaganga bawe.

Guhindura ibiryo bishobora gufasha guhangana n’ibimenyetso bya lupus?

Nubwo nta “ibiryo bya lupus” bihari, kurya indyo yuzuye kandi irwanya ububabare bishobora gufasha ubuzima bwawe kandi bishobora gufasha bamwe kumva bameze neza. Fata imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke, n’inyama zidafite amavuta menshi, ugabanye ibiryo bitegurwa. Bamwe mu bantu basanga ibiryo bimwe na bimwe biterwa indwara, bityo kubika ibiryo bishobora kugufasha.