Abagabo 2

Indwara nyinshi zifata imisemburo, ubwoko bwa 2, izwi kandi nka MEN 2, ni indwara idahwitse. Iteranya udukoko mu gice cy'umwijima gishinzwe gukora imisemburo, mu mitsi y'amagi, mu mitsi y'imisemburo yo mu gice cy'impyiko, ku minwa, mu kanwa, mu maso no mu buryo bw'igogorwa. Ibizamini bya gene zishobora kubona gene yahindutse itera MEN 2. Abaganga bashobora kuvura ibibazo by'ubuzima gene ishobora guteza.

MEN 2 ni indwara ikomoka ku miryango. Ibi bivuze ko abantu bafite gene yahindutse bashobora kuyihereza abana babo. Buri mwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kurwara iyo ndwara.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa MEN 2:

• MEN 2A. Iyi izwi kandi nka MEN 2A isanzwe cyangwa indwara ya Sipple. Iteranya kanseri y'umwijima gishinzwe gukora imisemburo no kudakora kanseri mu mitsi y'amagi no mu mitsi y'imisemburo yo mu gice cy'impyiko.
• MEN 2B. Ubu bwoko bwa MEN 2 ni bwo buke. Iteranya kanseri y'umwijima gishinzwe gukora imisemburo, kudakora kanseri mu mitsi y'imisemburo yo mu gice cy'impyiko, no kudakora kanseri ku minwa, ku rurimi no mu buryo bw'igogorwa. MEN 2B ntiyatera ibibazo ku mitsi y'amagi.

Ibimenyetso bya MEN 2 biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ibibyimba. Abantu bafite MEN 2B bagira isura idasanzwe. Bashobora kugira ibibyimba ku rurimi, ku minwa no mu maso. Bakunda kuba barebire kandi bafite umubiri mwiza, bafite amaboko n'amaguru maremare. Dore ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n'ubwoko bw'ibibyimba. Kanseri y'umwijima w'umwenda: Ububyimba mu muhogo cyangwa mu ijosi Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa kwishima Ububabare bw'amajwi Impiswi Hyperplasia ya parathyroid, izwi kandi nka hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze: Kubabara kw'imikaya n'amagufa Impatwe Kwumva unaniwe Ibibazo byo kwibuka Amabuye y'impyiko Ibibyimba bya adrenal, bizwi kandi nka pheochromocytoma: Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso Gusukura k'umutima Ubwoba Kubabara umutwe Ibimenyetso bishobora guterwa n'ibyimba by'umwijima w'umwenda bikanda ku mitsi ibiri hafi cyangwa no kurekura imisemburo myinshi mu mubiri. Bamwe mu bantu bafite kanseri y'umwijima w'umwenda bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hamagara umuganga wawe.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hamagara umuvuzi wawe.

MEN 2 ni uburwayi bukomoka ku miryango. Ibi bivuze ko umuntu ufite gene yahindutse ishobora gutera MEN 2 ashobora guhererekanya iryo gene ku bana be.

Abantu benshi bashobora kuba ari bo ba mbere mu miryango yabo bafite iyi ndwara. Abantu bapimwe ko bafite kanseri y'umwijima wa thyroid bakorerwa isuzuma buri gihe kugira ngo barebe ko bafite MEN 2.

MEN 2 ishobora gutuma ibice by'umusemburo wa parathyroid bisohora calcium nyinshi mu maraso. Ibi bizwi nka hyperparathyroidism y'ibanze. Ibice by'umusemburo wa parathyroid biherereye mu ijosi. Calcium nyinshi mu maraso ishobora gutera ibibazo byinshi, birimo amagufwa adakomeye, bizwi nka osteoporosis, amabuye mu mpyiko no kenshi gukora imyeyo. Kanseri ya medullary thyroid igaragara nk'igisebe kuri thyroid cyangwa mu ijosi. Bishobora kugorana kwishima igihe igisebe kinini cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso niba kanseri ikwirakwira hanze y'ijosi. Abantu bafite MEN 2 bashobora kandi kugira uburwayi bwitwa pheochromocytoma. Ubwo burwayi butera udukoko tudakomeretsa kuri gland ya adrenal. Ibice by'umusemburo wa adrenal biherereye hejuru y'impyiko. Ibyo dukoko bishobora kurekura imisemburo itera umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, gucana ibyuya n'ibindi bimenyetso.

Ibizamini bya gene bifashishwa mu kumenya niba umuntu afite impinduka mu gene itera MEN 2. Abana b'umuntu ufite iyo mpinduka ya gene bashobora kuyikomora bakagira MEN 2. Ababyeyi n'abavandimwe nabo bashobora kuba bafite iyo mpinduka ya gene kabone nubwo badafite ibimenyetso.

Niba hari umuntu mu muryango wawe ubonye indwara ya MEN 2, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kwipimisha gene hamwe n'abagize umuryango wawe. Ibi biterwa nuko MEN 2 ishobora kuvurwa cyangwa ikagenzurwa hakuweho umusemburo wa thyroid hakiri kare mu buzima. Gupimwa ibibyimba bya parathyroid cyangwa bya adrenal na byo birashobora gufasha.

Niba nta mpinduka ya gene iboneka mu bagize umuryango, ubusanzwe nta bindi bipimo byo gupima bikenewe. Ariko, ibizamini bya gene ntibishobora kubona impinduka zose za gene za MEN 2. Niba MEN 2 itabonetse mu bantu bashobora kuyifite, bo n'abagize imiryango yabo bazakora ibizamini by'amaraso n'iby'amashusho buri gihe kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso by'indwara.

Kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara ya multiple endocrine neoplasia yo mu bwoko bwa 2, izwi kandi nka MEN 2, umuvuzi wawe azakora isuzuma ngaruka mubuzima. Azareba amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'amateka y'umuryango wawe. Azakora kandi ibizamini bya gene kugira ngo arebe niba ufite impinduka mu gene itera MEN 2. Ibizamini by'amaraso n'impiswi ndetse n'ibizamini byo kubona amashusho bishobora gukorwa. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo:

• Urwego rwa calcitonin mu maraso
• Calcium mu maraso
• Urwego rwa parathyroid hormone
• Ibizamini by'impiswi cyangwa plasma byo kubona catecholamines na metanephrines
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Computerized tomography (CT) scan
• Ultrasound scan