Umuhango wa Meningioma: Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Meningioma ni ubwoko bw'ibyago byo mu bwonko bikura mu mitsi irinda ubwonko na mu mugozi w'umugongo, bizwi nka meninges. Inkuru nziza ni uko meningiomas nyinshi ari nzima, bisobanura ko atari kanseri kandi bikura buhoro buhoro mu gihe.

Ibi byago bikura mu uturemangingo duto dukingira ubwonko nk'umusego. Nubwo ijambo "ibyago byo mu bwonko" rishobora gutera ubwoba, meningiomas ni yo mavambu y'ibyago by'ubwonko byinshi mu bakuru, kandi abantu benshi babaho ubuzima buzira umuze, bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya meningioma?

Meningiomas nyinshi nta bimenyetso bigira, cyane cyane iyo ari mato. Ushobora kugira imwe imyaka myinshi utazi, kandi ikunze kuvumburwa mu bipimo by'ubwonko bikorwa ku mpamvu zindi.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bisanzwe bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko igisebe gikura kandi kigashyira igitutu ku mitsi y'ubwonko iri hafi. Dore ibimenyetso umubiri wawe ushobora kugaragaza:

• Uburwayi bw'umutwe bushobora kuba bubi cyane uko bwiyongera cyangwa bukaba butandukanye n'uburwayi busanzwe bw'umutwe
• Imihango, ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere kuri bamwe
• Guhinduka kw'ubuhanga, harimo no kubura ubwenge cyangwa kubona ibintu bibiri
• Intege nke mu biganza cyangwa mu birenge, akenshi ku ruhande rumwe
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa kugorana kwibanda
• Guhinduka kw'imico cyangwa guhinduka kw'imitekerereze
• Ibibazo byo kuvuga cyangwa kugorana gushaka amagambo
• Kubura kumva cyangwa guhumbya mu matwi
• Kubura impumuro cyangwa uburyohe

Bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso byihariye bitewe n'aho meningioma iherereye. Urugero, ibyago biri inyuma y'umutwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bubasha bwo kubona, mu gihe ibiri hafi y'amatwi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kumva cyangwa kuvuga.

Wibuke ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite izindi mpamvu nyinshi. Kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso ntibisobanura ko ufite meningioma, ariko ni byiza kubivugana na muganga wawe.

Ni ibihe bwoko bwa meningioma?

Abaganga basobanura meningiomas mu byiciro bitatu by'ingenzi hashingiwe ku buryo uturemangingo tugera ku ishusho ya microscope n'uburyo bwihuse bishobora gukura. Iyi gahunda yo gupima ifasha itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya mbere ni yo yiganje, igize hafi 80% by'ibyago byose. Ibi ni ibyago byiza bikura buhoro cyane kandi bitakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe. Abantu benshi bafite meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya mbere bagira ibyiza byiza mu buvuzi.

Meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri ifatwa nk'itarigeze ibaho kandi ikura vuba kurusha ibyago byo mu cyiciro cya mbere. Igize hafi 15-20% ya meningiomas kandi ifite amahirwe menshi yo kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa, ariko iracyavurwa neza.

Meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya gatatu ni kanseri kandi ni yo ntoya, iba mu gice kimwe gusa cya 1-3% cy'ibyago. Ibi byago bikura vuba kandi bishobora gukwirakwira, ariko na byo bishobora kuvurwa neza hamwe n'uburyo bukwiye.

Ni iki gatera meningioma?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya meningiomas nyinshi ntiracyamenyekana, ariko abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira uruhare. Mu bihe byinshi, ibi byago bisa nkaho bikura nta kintu cyabiteye.

Kuba mu kirere gifite imirasire ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi abahanga bamenye. Ibi birimo kuvurwa kw'imirasire mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi, bikunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri zindi. Ariko rero, ibyago biracyari bike, kandi abantu benshi bavuwe imirasire ntibagira meningiomas.

Hormones, cyane cyane estrogen, isa nkaho igira uruhare mu gukura kwa meningioma. Abagore bafite amahirwe abiri kurusha abagabo yo kugira ibi byago, kandi rimwe na rimwe bikura vuba mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa mu gihe cyo kuvurwa hormone. Meningiomas imwe ifite imiti y'imisemburo ku mubiri wayo.

Ibintu by'umutungo w'umuntu bishobora kugira uruhare mu bihe bitoroshye. Igice gito cya meningiomas gifitanye isano n'ibibazo by'umutungo nk'ubwoko bwa neurofibromatosis 2, ariko ibyinshi ntibifitanye isano n'amateka y'umuryango.

Imyaka ni ikindi kintu, meningiomas ikaba igaragara cyane mu bantu barengeje imyaka 40. Ariko, ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose, harimo no mu bana, nubwo ibi bidafite akamaro.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera meningioma?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite uburwayi bw'umutwe buhoraho butandukanye n'uburyo busanzwe cyangwa busa nkaho bugenda bubi uko bwiyongera. Uburwayi bushya bw'umutwe budakira mu buryo busanzwe bukwiye kwitabwaho n'abaganga.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite imihango, cyane cyane niba utari uyifite mbere. Ndetse n'igihe gito uba warabuze ubwenge cyangwa ufite imyifatire idasanzwe bigomba gusuzuma umuganga.

Guhinduka kw'ubuhanga bwawe, kuvuga, cyangwa guhuza ni ibimenyetso by'ingenzi byo kuvugana na muganga wawe. Ibi birimo kubona ibintu bibiri, kugorana gushaka amagambo, cyangwa intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri.

Niba ubona guhinduka kw'imico, ibibazo byo kwibuka, cyangwa kugorana kwibanda bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ibi bimenyetso bikwiye gusuzuma umuganga. Rimwe na rimwe abagize umuryango babona ibi bihinduka mbere yawe.

Izera icyo umubiri wawe ukubwira. Niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe mu buzima bwawe kandi kigakomeza iminsi irenga mike, buri gihe ni byiza kugenzura umuganga wawe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya meningioma?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira meningioma, nubwo kugira ibi bintu ntibisobanura ko uzabona. Kubyumva bishobora kugufasha kugirana ibiganiro byuzuye n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga.

Kuba umugore ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane cyongera ibyago, abagore bagira meningiomas inshuro ebyiri kurusha abagabo. Iki kintu gishobora kuba gifitanye isano na hormones, cyane cyane estrogen, ishobora gukangurira gukura kwa meningiomas zimwe.

Imyaka igira uruhare runini, meningiomas nyinshi zimenyekana mu bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 40 na 70. Ibyago byiyongera uko ugira imyaka, nubwo ibi byago bishobora kubaho mu bantu bakuru bakiri bato n'abana.

Kuba waragiye mu kirere gifite imirasire mu mutwe byongera ibyago, cyane cyane niba wakiriye imirasire mu kuvura kanseri zindi mu bwana. Ariko rero, ibyago rusange biracyari bike, kandi inyungu zo kuvurwa imirasire bikwiye bisanzwe birenga iki kibazo.

Ibintu bimwe by'umutungo, cyane cyane neurofibromatosis ubwoko bwa 2, byongera cyane ibyago bya meningioma. Ariko, ibyago byavuyemo mu miryango bigize igice gito cy'ibyago byose bya meningiomas.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko kuvurwa kwa hormone bishobora kongera gato ibyago mu bagore bamaze gucura, nubwo ibimenyetso bitari byuzuye. Niba utekereza ku kuvurwa kwa hormone, banira ibyago n'inyungu zishoboka na muganga wawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na meningioma?

Meningiomas nyinshi itera ibibazo bike, cyane cyane iyo ari mato kandi idashyira igitutu ku mitsi y'ubwonko ikomeye. Ariko, uko ibi byago bikura, bishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera ibibazo bikomeye.

Imihango ni kimwe mu bibazo bisanzwe, kiba ku bantu bagera kuri 25-30% bafite meningiomas. Ibi bishobora kuva ku gihe gito cyo kubura ubwenge kugeza ku guhindagurika gukomeye, ariko bikunze gufatwa neza n'imiti.

Ibimenyetso by'ubwonko bishobora kubaho niba igisebe gikomeza gukura kandi kigashyira igitutu ku mitsi y'ubwonko iri hafi. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo intege nke, ibibazo byo kuvuga, cyangwa guhinduka kw'ubuhanga buhoro buhoro bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa bya buri munsi.

Igitsure cyiyongereye mu mutwe gishobora kubaho hamwe na meningiomas nini, bigatera uburwayi bukabije bw'umutwe, isereri, no kuruka. Ibi ni bibi kandi bisaba ubuvuzi vuba.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, meningiomas ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kwica umuntu niba iherereye mu bice by'ingenzi cyangwa ikakura cyane ku buryo ishyira igitutu ku mitsi y'ubwonko ikomeye. Ariko, hamwe no kugenzura no kuvura kijyambere, ibibazo bikomeye ntibibaho.

Bamwe bashobora kugira ihindagurika ry'amarangamutima cyangwa ry'ubwenge, harimo n'ibibazo byo kwibuka, kwibanda, cyangwa imitekerereze. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho myiza ariko bikunze kumera neza hamwe no kuvurwa neza.

Meningioma imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya meningioma bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe yumvise ibimenyetso byawe kandi akakora isuzuma ry'ubwonko. Azagenzura imikorere yawe, guhuza, n'imikorere yawe yo mu mutwe kugira ngo arebe ibimenyetso byo mu bwonko.

Isuzuma rya MRI ni ryo isuzuma ry'ingenzi mu kuvumbura meningiomas. Iri shusho iboneka neza ishobora kwerekana ubunini, aho iherereye, n'imiterere y'igisebe neza cyane. Iri suzuma ntabwo ribabaza, nubwo bamwe basanga ahantu hafunze n'urusaku rwinshi bidahagaze neza.

Isuzuma rya CT rishobora gukoreshwa aho gukoresha MRI cyangwa hamwe na MRI, cyane cyane niba udashobora gukoresha MRI kubera ibikoresho by'icyuma cyangwa ubwoba bukabije bwo kuba ahantu hafunze. Isuzuma rya CT rirahuta ariko ritanga amashusho adafite amakuru menshi y'imiterere yoroheje nk'ubwonko.

Niba amashusho agaragaza meningioma, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba ibindi bipimo kugira ngo amenye ubwoko n'icyiciro nyacyo. Rimwe na rimwe, biopsy irakenewe, aho igice gito cy'umubiri gikurwaho kugira ngo gisuzuzwe muri microscope.

Isuzuma ry'amaraso ntirikunze gukoreshwa mu kumenya meningiomas, ariko muganga wawe ashobora kubikora kugira ngo arebe ubuzima bwawe rusange kandi ategure uburyo bwo kuvura.

Ni iki kivura meningioma?

Ubuvuzi bwa meningioma biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, birimo ubunini bw'igisebe, aho iherereye, uburyo bwihuse bwo gukura, n'ubuzima bwawe rusange. Meningiomas nyinshi nto, zikura buhoro, ntizisaba ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa.

Kureba no kugenzura buri gihe ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kuvura meningiomas nto zidatera ibimenyetso. Muganga wawe azategura isuzuma rya MRI buri gihe kugira ngo arebe ihindagurika ryose mu bunini cyangwa imiterere. Ubu buryo bwo "kureba no gutegereza" bugufasha kwirinda ubuvuzi budakenewe mugihe cyo gufata ingamba vuba niba bikenewe.

Kubaga ni bwo buvuzi busanzwe bwo kuvura meningiomas itera ibimenyetso cyangwa ikura cyane. Intego ni ukukuraho igisebe kinini gishoboka mugihe ukomeza imikorere isanzwe y'ubwonko.

Kuvurwa kw'imirasire bishobora gusabwa niba kubaga bitashoboka kubera aho igisebe iherereye, niba hari igisebe gisigaye nyuma yo kubaga, cyangwa niba meningioma ari yo yiganje. Uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire bugezweho bushobora kugera ku gisebe neza mugihe ugabanya ibyangiritse ku mitsi y'ubwonko izima.

Stereotactic radiosurgery, nubwo izina ryayo, si kubaga ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire bugezweho. Ni ingenzi cyane kuri meningiomas nto ziri ahantu bigoye kugera.

Imiti rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu gucunga ibimenyetso nk'imihango cyangwa kubyimbagira mu bwonko, nubwo nta miti ihari ishobora kugabanya meningiomas. Ubushakashatsi ku miti igenda neza burakomeje kandi bugaragaje icyizere kuri bimwe mu bwoko bwa meningiomas.

Uburyo bwo kuvura meningioma murugo?

Kubaho ufite meningioma akenshi bisaba gucunga ibimenyetso no kubungabunga imibereho myiza mugihe ukorana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga. Abantu benshi basanga impinduka nto zo mu buzima zishobora kugira itandukaniro rikomeye.

Niba ufite imihango, ni ngombwa gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'imiti uko yategetswe kandi ukirinda ibintu bizwi bishobora gutera imihango nk'ubusinzira buke, inzoga nyinshi, cyangwa amatara akomeye. Kora ibitabo by'imihango kugira ngo ubone ibishushanyo by'ibintu kandi ubiganire na muganga wawe.

Guca uburwayi bw'umutwe bishobora kuba bikubiyemo kwandika ibitabo by'uburwayi bw'umutwe kugira ngo umenye ibintu bitera uburwayi, kubungabunga gahunda yo gusinzira, no gukoresha uburyo bwo kuruhuka. Imiti yo kurwanya ububabare ishobora kugufasha, ariko banira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ibikwiye kuri wewe.

Kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu rwego rw'ubushobozi bwawe bishobora kugufasha kubungabunga imbaraga no kunoza imitekerereze. Imikino yoroheje nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa yoga akenshi bihanganirwa neza, ariko banira gahunda yawe y'imyitozo na itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga.

Kuryama bihagije ni ingenzi kubuzima bw'ubwonko kandi bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso nk'umunaniro n'ibibazo byo kwibanda. Gerageza gusinzira amasaha 7-9 buri joro kandi ugerageze kugira gahunda yo gusinzira ihoraho.

Tekereza kujya mu itsinda ry'abantu bafite ibyago byo mu bwonko cyangwa meningiomas. Guhuza n'abandi bumva ibyo uhanganye na byo bishobora gutanga inkunga yo mu marangamutima n'amabanga yo mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Wategura ute inama yawe na muganga?

Gutegura inama yawe bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe na muganga kandi bikwemerera kubona amakuru ukeneye. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, nubwo bisa nkaho bidafitanye isano.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yawe, harimo imiti yo mu maduka, ibinyobwa, na vitamine. Nanone, komora imyanzuro y'ubuvuzi yabanje, cyane cyane amashusho y'ubwonko cyangwa raporo z'abandi baganga wabonye kubera ibimenyetso byawe.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti yizewe mu nama yawe. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi no gutanga inkunga yo mu marangamutima muri icyo gihe gishobora kuba kigoye.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe. Ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora kuba harimo uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka zishoboka, uko ubuzima buzaba, n'uko iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Andika amakuru y'ingenzi ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima, harimo kubagwa, kuvurwa kw'imirasire, cyangwa amateka y'umuryango w'ibyago byo mu bwonko. Aya makuru y'inyuma ashobora kuba afite akamaro kuri muganga wawe mu gusuzuma.

Ni iki cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka kuri meningioma?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko meningiomas akenshi ari ibyago bikura buhoro, byiza bifite ibyiza byiza mu buvuzi. Nubwo kubona uburwayi ubwo aribwo bwose bw'ibyago byo mu bwonko bishobora gutera ubwoba, abantu benshi bafite meningiomas bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo tugere ku byiza byiza. Niba ufite ibimenyetso bihoraho nk'uburwayi bw'umutwe, imihango, cyangwa guhinduka kw'ubwonko, ntutinye gushaka ubuvuzi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura bwarateye imbere cyane mu myaka ishize, hari uburyo bwinshi buto bwo kuvura. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakorana nawe kugira ngo bategurire uburyo bwo kuvura buhuye n'umwanya wawe n'intego zawe.

Wibuke ko kugira meningioma ntibikumenya. Abantu benshi babasha gucunga ubuzima bwabo mugihe bakomeza imirimo yabo, imibanire, n'ibikorwa bakunda. Hamwe no kuvurwa neza n'inkunga, ushobora gukomeza kubaho ubuzima buhamye.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho kuri meningioma

Meningiomas ishobora kwirindwa?

Ubu, nta buryo bwo kwirinda meningiomas buzwi kuko ibyinshi bibaho nta mpamvu imenyekanye. Ariko, kwirinda kuba mu kirere gifite imirasire mu mutwe no kugira ubuzima bwiza rusange bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago. Kusuzuma buri gihe bishobora kugufasha kumenya ihindagurika hakiri kare.

Meningiomas irakomoka mu miryango?

Meningiomas nyinshi ntiziva mu miryango kandi zibaho zidafitanye isano n'umuryango. Igice gito gusa gifitanye isano n'ibibazo by'umutungo nk'ubwoko bwa neurofibromatosis 2. Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango w'ibyago byo mu bwonko, banira na muganga wawe, ariko wibuke ko ibyago byawe bishobora kuba bike.

Meningiomas ikura vuba gute?

Meningiomas nyinshi ikura buhoro cyane, akenshi imara imyaka myinshi kugira ngo ikure cyane. Meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya mbere isanzwe ikura kuri 1-2 milimeteri buri mwaka, mu gihe ibyago byo mu cyiciro cyo hejuru bishobora gukura vuba. Ubu buhoro bwo gukura ni imwe mu mpamvu meningiomas nyinshi ishobora kurebwa neza aho kuvurwa vuba.

Meningiomas ishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Meningiomas ishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa, nubwo ibi bimenyekana cyane mu byago byo mu cyiciro cyo hejuru cyangwa mu gihe igisebe cyose kitashoboraga gukurwaho neza. Meningiomas yo mu cyiciro cya mbere ifite umuvuduko muke wo kugaruka, cyane cyane iyo ikurwaho neza. Kumenya buri gihe bifasha kumenya kugaruka hakiri kare.

Nzashobora gutwara imodoka mfite meningioma?

Ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara imodoka biterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ubuvuzi. Niba ufite imihango, intara nyinshi zisaba igihe runaka utagira imihango mbere yo kongera gutwara imodoka. Ibindi bimenyetso nk'impinduka z'ubuhanga cyangwa ibibazo byo guhuza bishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku mutekano wo gutwara. Banira ibibazo byo gutwara imodoka na muganga wawe, kuko bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umwanya wawe n'amategeko yo mu karere.