Mitral Valve Stenosis ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Mitral valve stenosis ibaho iyo umuvure wa mitral mu mutima wawe uhinduka muto kandi ukagira ubukomere, bigatuma amaraso adashobora gutembera neza ava mu gice cy'umutima cyitwa left atrium ajya mu gice cyitwa left ventricle. Tekereza nk'umuhanda udashobora gufunguka neza - umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utume amaraso anyura muri uwo muhanda muto.

Iyi ndwara itera buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi, akenshi ntumenye icyo ari cyo. Nubwo yumvikana nk'ikintu gikomeye, kandi gishobora kuba kibi, abantu benshi babaho ubuzima buzira umuze, bakora ibikorwa byabo neza, bafashwe neza n'abaganga.

Mitral Valve Stenosis ni iki?

Umuvure wawe wa mitral uba hagati y'ibice bibiri by'umutima wawe uri ibumoso. Ubusanzwe, uyu muvure ufunguka cyane kugira ngo amaraso yuzuye ogisijeni ave muri left atrium ajye muri left ventricle, hanyuma ugafunge neza kugira ngo amaraso atazasubira inyuma.

Iyo ufite mitral valve stenosis, ibice by'uyu muvure biba bikomeye, bigira ubukomere, cyangwa bikabana. Ibi bituma habaho umwanya muto ubuza amaraso gutembera neza. Umutima wawe ugerageza gukora cyane, ariko igihe kirekire, ubwo bwongereza bw'imbaraga bushobora gutera ingaruka mbi.

Iyi ndwara igaragara ku bantu umwe kuri 100.000 mu bihugu byateye imbere, nubwo ari nyinshi mu turere aho indwara ya rheumatic fever ikigaragara cyane. Abantu benshi bagira ibimenyetso buhoro buhoro, niyo mpamvu kuvumbura hakiri kare binyuze mu isuzuma rya buri gihe ari ingenzi cyane.

Ibimenyetso bya Mitral Valve Stenosis ni ibihe?

Abantu benshi bafite mitral valve stenosis yoroheje ntabagira ibimenyetso mu myaka myinshi cyangwa ndetse no mu myaka irenga makumyabiri. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bikunda kugaragara buhoro buhoro uko umwanya wo gutembera kw'amaraso ugenda ugabanuka.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa uri kuryama
• Uburwayi butera umunaniro ukabije ugereranyije n'ibyo wakoze
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa guhindagurika
• Gukubita cyane kw'umutima cyangwa guhindagurika kw'umutima
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa gucika intege
• Kubyimbagira mu birenge, mu maguru, cyangwa mu mitsi
• Kwandura kenshi kwa sisitemu y'ubuhumekero

Bamwe mu bantu bagira inkorora idashira, cyane cyane iyo baryamye, cyangwa bashobora gukorora amaraso. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho kuko amaraso ashobora gusubira mu bihaha iyo umuvure wa mitral udafunguye neza.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, ushobora kubona iminwa yawe cyangwa imisumari yawe ifite ibara ry'ubururu, ibi bibaho iyo amaraso atazana ogisijeni ihagije. Iyo ubimenye, ni ingenzi gushaka ubuvuzi vuba.

Impamvu za Mitral Valve Stenosis ni izihe?

Impamvu ikunze gutera mitral valve stenosis ni indwara y'umutima ya rheumatic, itera nk'ingaruka mbi z'indwara ya rheumatic fever. Iyi ndwara ikunda kugaragara imyaka 10 kugeza kuri 20 nyuma y'ubwandu bw'ibicurane bidafashwe neza byateye rheumatic fever mu bwana.

Mu gihe cya rheumatic fever, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugaba igitero ku mubiri w'umutima muzima, harimo na mitral valve. Ibi bituma habaho kubyimba no gukomera kw'umuvure bigatuma uba muto kandi ukagira ubukomere mu myaka myinshi.

Izindi mpamvu, nubwo zidafite akamaro, ni izi:

• Uburwayi bw'umutima bwavutse wavuka
• Ibisigazwa bya calcium byubakira ku muvure uko umuntu akura
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri nk'indwara ya lupus cyangwa rheumatoid arthritis
• Imiti imwe, cyane cyane ergot alkaloids ikoreshwa mu kuvura migraine
• Ubuvuzi bwo kurasa imirasire mu gice cy'ibituza
• Infective endocarditis, ubwandu bukomeye bw'umutima

Mu bihugu byateye imbere aho rheumatic fever idahari, guhinduka kw'umubiri bitewe n'imyaka byabaye impamvu ikunze kugaragara. Rimwe na rimwe, nta mpamvu igaragara, ibi abaganga babyita idiopathic mitral valve stenosis.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Mitral Valve Stenosis?

Wagomba kuvugana n'umuganga wawe niba ufite guhumeka nabi bidashira, cyane cyane niba bigenda biba bibi cyangwa bikubuza gukora ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi. Ntugatege amatwi niba ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka iyo uri kuryama cyangwa niba ukangukira mu ijoro ukeneye guhumeka cyane.

Shaka ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa niba ufite ububabare mu gituza, gucika intege bikabije, guta ubwenge, cyangwa ukabona iminwa yawe cyangwa imisumari yawe ihinduka ubururu. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ko uburwayi bwawe bugenda bubi kandi bukenera isuzuma ryihuse.

Ndetse niba ibimenyetso byawe bigaragara nk'ibyoroheje, ni byiza kubivugana n'umuganga wawe. Kuvumbura hakiri kare no gukurikirana bishobora gufasha kwirinda ingaruka mbi no guhamya ko uhabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye mbere y'uko uburwayi bugenda bubi.

Niba ufite amateka ya rheumatic fever, isuzuma rya buri gihe ry'umutima ni ingenzi cyane, n'ubwo wumva umeze neza. Umuganga wawe ashobora kubona impinduka mu mutima wawe mbere y'uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Ibyago bya Mitral Valve Stenosis ni ibihe?

Kumva ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha wowe n'umuganga wawe guhora maso kugira ngo mumenye ibimenyetso bya mitral valve stenosis hakiri kare. Hari ibintu ushobora guhindura, ibindi ukaba utabishobora.

Ibyago by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Amateka ya rheumatic fever, cyane cyane iyo idafashwe neza
• Imyaka irenga 65, kuko impinduka ku muvure zishobora kubaho uko umuntu akura
• Kuvuka mu turere aho rheumatic fever ikigaragara cyane
• Amateka y'uburwayi bw'umuvure mu muryango cyangwa uburwayi bw'umutima bwavutse wavuka
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri nk'indwara ya lupus cyangwa rheumatoid arthritis
• Ubuvuzi bwo kurasa imirasire mu gice cy'ibituza
• Indwara z'impyiko zidakira zikenera dialysis

Abagore bakunda kurwara mitral valve stenosis kurusha abagabo, cyane cyane abafite amateka ya rheumatic fever. Gutwita bishobora kandi kongera ubukana bwa mitral valve stenosis kubera kongera amaraso no gukenera umutima.

Nubwo udashobora guhindura imyaka yawe, igitsina, cyangwa amateka yawe y'uburwayi, ushobora kugabanya ibyago binyuze mu kuvura indwara z'ibicurane vuba no kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri ya buri gihe no kurya indyo nzima.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Mitral Valve Stenosis ni izihe?

Iyo mitral valve stenosis ikomeza idafashwe, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kubaho uko umutima wawe uhangana no gutuma amaraso atembera neza. Izi ngaruka zikunda kubaho buhoro buhoro, niyo mpamvu gukurikirana buri gihe ari ingenzi cyane.

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ni izi:

• Atrial fibrillation, guhindagurika kw'umutima kongera ibyago byo kugira stroke
• Heart failure, aho umutima wawe udashobora gutuma amaraso atembera neza
• Pulmonary hypertension, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu mitsi y'ibihaha
• Amaraso akabana ashobora kujya mu bwonko, akatera stroke
• Pulmonary edema, kubyimbagira kw'amazi mu bihaha
• Infective endocarditis, ubwandu bukomeye bw'umutima

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kugira icyo abaganga bita "mitral facies" - isura yihariye ifite amasura y'itukura n'iminwa y'ubururu iterwa no kutagira amaraso ahagije. Bamwe mu bantu bagira no kubabara mu ijwi kubera left atrium ikomeye ikanda ku mitsi y'amajwi.

Gake, mitral valve stenosis ikomeye ishobora gutera urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima, nubwo ibi bishobora kubaho cyane ku bantu badafite ubuvuzi bukwiye. Inkuru nziza ni uko, ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye no gukurikirana, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gufatwa neza.

Mitral Valve Stenosis ipima ite?

Umuganga wawe azatangira akumva umutima wawe akoresheje stethoscope, asuzume niba hari umuvuduko w'umutima udasanzwe wumvikana nk'urushyi ruto. Uyu muvuduko w'umutima akenshi ni ikimenyetso cya mbere cyerekana mitral valve stenosis, mbere y'uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Isuzuma ry'ingenzi ni echocardiogram, ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'umutima wawe. Iri suzuma ritabangamira rigaragaza uko umuvure wawe wa mitral ufunguka kandi ugafunge, ripimira ubunini bw'umwanya, kandi isuzuma uko umutima wawe ukora cyane.

Umuganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba ibindi bisuzumwa nk'ibi:

• X-ray y'ibituza kugira ngo arebe niba umutima wakomeye cyangwa ibihaha byuzuye
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kugira ngo amenye guhindagurika kw'umutima
• Isuzuma ry'imbaraga z'umutima kugira ngo arebe uko umutima wawe uhangana n'imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Cardiac catheterization mu bihe bikomeye kugira ngo apime umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Transesophageal echocardiogram kugira ngo abone amashusho meza kandi arambuye

Ibisuzumwa by'amaraso bishobora gufasha gukuraho izindi ndwara no kureba ibimenyetso by'ubwandu cyangwa kubyimba. Niba uteganya kubagwa, ibindi bisuzumwa nk'isuzuma ry'imikorere y'ibihaha bishobora kuba bikenewe kugira ngo umenye niba uri umuntu ukwiye kubagwa.

Ubuvuzi bwa Mitral Valve Stenosis ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa mitral valve stenosis biterwa n'ubukana bw'uburwayi bwawe niba ufite ibimenyetso. Niba stenosis yawe ari nto kandi wumva umeze neza, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukurikirana buri gihe ukoresheje echocardiograms.

Ku bantu bafite uburwayi bukomeye cyangwa ibimenyetso, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba imiti, uburyo bwo kuvura, cyangwa kubagwa. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazakorana nawe kugira ngo bamenye uburyo bwiza buturutse ku mimerere yawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Imiti igamije gucunga ibimenyetso no kwirinda ingaruka mbi:

• Diuretics kugira ngo igabanye amazi yiyongereyeho kandi yorohereze guhumeka
• Beta-blockers kugira ngo igabanye umuvuduko w'umutima kandi yorohereze amaraso kuzuza umutima
• Imiti igabanya amaraso niba ufite atrial fibrillation
• Antibiotics mbere y'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo kugira ngo birinde ubwandu bw'umutima
• Digoxin kugira ngo ikomeze imbaraga z'umutima mu gihe cy'indwara y'umutima

Iyo imiti idahagije, uburyo bwo kuvura buzaba ngombwa. Balloon valvuloplasty irimo gushyira catheter ifite umupira ku mpera yayo mu mutima wawe no kuyifungura kugira ngo ikomeze umuvure. Ubu buryo budakomeretsa bukorera neza ku barwayi bakiri bato bafite imivure idakomeye.

Uburyo bwo kubagwa burimo gusana cyangwa gusimbuza umuvure. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba imivure ikorwa n'ibyuma iramara igihe kirekire ariko ikaba isaba imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwawe bwose, cyangwa imivure ikoreshwa mu nyamaswa idasaba imiti igabanya amaraso ariko ishobora gusimburwa vuba.

Uko wakwitaho igihe ufite Mitral Valve Stenosis

Kwitaho iwawe mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gucunga mitral valve stenosis no kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe. Ibintu bito bya buri munsi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kuntu wumva n'uko umutima wawe ukora.

Fata ingamba zo kurya indyo nzima y'umutima ifasha sisitemu yawe y'amaraso. Kurya indyo yuzuye imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke, na poroteyine ntoya mugihe ugabanya umunyu kugira ngo wirinda amazi yiyongereyeho kandi ugabanye umuvuduko ku mutima wawe.

Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri uko ibimenyetso byawe bibyemerera, ariko utege amatwi umubiri wawe. Imyitozo yoroheje nk'ugenda, koga, cyangwa kugendera kuri velo bishobora gukomeza umutima wawe, ariko wirinda imyitozo ikomeye ikubuza guhumeka neza. Itegura ibiganiro n'abaganga bawe mbere yo gukora imyitozo.

Kwita ku bimenyetso byawe no kwandika impinduka zose. Ipime ibiro byawe buri munsi kandi ubwira umuganga wawe niba ibiro byiyongereye cyane, kuko bishobora kwerekana amazi yiyongereyeho. Fata imiti yawe uko yagenewe, n'ubwo wumva umeze neza.

Kwita ku buzima bw'amenyo no kubwira abaganga bose uburwayi bwawe bw'umuvure. Ushobora kuba ukeneye antibiotic prophylaxis mbere y'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo cyangwa ubundi buvuzi kugira ngo wirinde ubwandu bw'umutima.

Uko wakwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga

Kwitoza mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n'umuganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, n'ibyagaragara nk'ibidafite aho bihuriye, harimo igihe byatangiye n'icyo biba byiza cyangwa biba bibi.

Andika urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti, ibinyobwa, na vitamine ufata, harimo n'umwanya ufata. Zana ibisubizo by'isuzuma byabanje, cyane cyane echocardiograms cyangwa ibindi bisuzumwa by'umutima, niba uri kubona umuganga mushya.

Tegura ibibazo ugomba kubabaza itsinda ry'abaganga:

• Mitral valve stenosis yanjye ikomeye gute?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso nkwiye kwitondera byerekana ko bigenda biba bibi?
• Ngahe nkwiye kugira gahunda zo gukurikirana n'ibisuzuma?
• Ni ibihe bikorwa byemewe gukora?
• Nkeneye antibiotic prophylaxis ku buvuzi bw'amenyo?
• Ni ryari nakenera kubagwa cyangwa ibindi bivuriro?

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi yavuzwe mu gihe cy'isuzuma. Ntukabe ikibazo cyo gusaba ibisobanuro niba hari ikintu kidakuyoboye.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Mitral Valve Stenosis

Mitral valve stenosis ni uburwayi bushobora gufatwa neza iyo bumenyekanye kandi buvuwe neza. Nubwo bishobora kuba bibi niba bidavuwe, abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara babaho ubuzima buzira umuze, bakora ibikorwa byabo neza, bafashwe neza n'abaganga.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kuvumbura hakiri kare no gukurikirana buri gihe bigira uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho. Niba ufite ibyago cyangwa ukagira ibimenyetso, ntutinde kubivugana n'umuganga wawe.

Hamwe n'uburyo bwo kuvura buhari ubu, harimo imiti n'uburyo bugezweho bwo kubaga, ubuzima bw'abantu bafite mitral valve stenosis burakomeza gutera imbere. Gukorana n'abaganga bawe no kugira uruhare mu buvuzi bwawe biguha amahirwe meza yo kugira umusaruro mwiza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa kuri Mitral Valve Stenosis

Mitral valve stenosis irashobora gukira burundu?

Mitral valve stenosis ntishobora gukira burundu hakoreshejwe imiti, ariko ishobora kuvurwa neza kandi ikavurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa kubagwa. Balloon valvuloplasty ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere y'umuvure, mu gihe gusana cyangwa gusimbuza umuvure bishobora gusubiza amaraso gutembera neza. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugutanga ubuvuzi bukwiye mbere y'uko ingaruka mbi zigaragara.

Ni byiza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri niba mfite mitral valve stenosis?

Umutekano w'imyitozo ngororamubiri biterwa n'ubukana bw'uburwayi bwawe n'ibimenyetso byawe. Abantu bafite stenosis yoroheje bakunda gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ubusanzwe, mu gihe abafite stenosis yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye bashobora kuba bakeneye kugabanya imyitozo ikomeye. Umuganga wawe ashobora gukora isuzuma ry'imbaraga z'umutima kugira ngo amenye urwego rw'imyitozo ikwiye kuri wowe.

Umuntu ashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki adavuwe mitral valve stenosis?

Uburyo bwo gutera imbere butandukanye cyane mu bantu. Bamwe mu bantu bafite stenosis yoroheje bashobora kutazigera bakenera ubuvuzi, mu gihe abandi bafite stenosis ikomeye bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi zihitana ubuzima mu mezi make niba batavuwe. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye muri stenosis ikomeye, ubuzima bw'umuntu utavuwe busanzwe ni imyaka 2-5, niyo mpamvu ubuvuzi bwihuse ari ingenzi cyane.

Nzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Si buri wese ufite mitral valve stenosis ukeneye imiti igabanya amaraso. Uzayikenera niba ufite atrial fibrillation cyangwa niba ugiye gusimbuzwa umuvure. Ariko, niba ufite umuvure wakozwe cyangwa umuvure wavuye ku nyamaswa udafite atrial fibrillation, imiti igabanya amaraso igihe kirekire ishobora kutakenerwa.

Gutwita bishobora kongera ubukana bwa mitral valve stenosis?

Yego, gutwita bishobora kongera ubukana bwa mitral valve stenosis kubera kongera amaraso no gukenera umutima. Abagore bafite stenosis yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye bagomba kuvugana n'umuganga mbere yo gutwita. Hamwe no gukurikirana neza no kwitaho, abagore benshi bafite stenosis yoroheje bashobora gutwita neza, ariko gukurikiranwa n'abaganga ni ingenzi.