Uburibwa mu Mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru ni ubwoko bw'uburwayi bukura mu mazuru yawe cyangwa mu myanya yuzuye umwuka iherereye hafi yayo, twita sinuses. Akenshi, ubu buribwa ntabwo ari bwa kanseri, bisobanura ko budakwirakwira mu zindi ngingo z'umubiri.

Sinuses zawe zirimo sinuses za frontal hejuru y'amaso yawe, sinuses za maxillary mu masura yawe, sinuses za ethmoid hagati y'amaso yawe, na sinuses za sphenoid inyuma y'amazuru yawe. Iyo ubwo buribwa bukuruye muri iyi myanya, bushobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'indwara z'amazuru zidakira, ariyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe bitazibwa mu ntangiriro.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bikunze kumera nk'ipfapfa ridakira cyangwa indwara y'amazuru idakira. Ushobora kubona ibi bimenyetso bikura gahoro gahoro mu byumweru cyangwa amezi, aho kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora guhura na byo:

• Amazuru afunze adakira, akenshi ku ruhande rumwe
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi cyangwa nta mpamvu isobanutse
• Kumva impumuro cyangwa uburyohe nabi
• Amazi ava mu mazuru, yaba meza cyangwa avanganye n'amaraso
• Kubabara cyangwa kumva umuvuduko mu maso, cyane cyane mu masura cyangwa ku gahanga
• Umutwe ubabara mu buryo butandukanye n'uburyo usanzwe ubabara
• Kumva umuvuduko mu maso

Uko ubwo buribwa bukomeza gukura, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso bikomeye. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo guhinduka mu kubona, nko kubona ibintu bibiri cyangwa amaso asa n'ayavunitse. Bamwe bahura no kubabara mu maso cyangwa mu menyo, cyangwa bakabona kubyimbagira hafi y'amaso.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, ubwo buribwa bukomeye bushobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye nko kubabara umutwe cyane, gucika intekerezo, cyangwa guhinduka mu bushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza neza. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho iyo ubwo buribwa bukuruye bugeze aho bukomesha ibice by'ingenzi by'umutwe.

Ni iyihe mico y'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ubu buribwa bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: ubudakira kanseri n'ubwa kanseri. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubwo budakira kanseri ari bwinshi kandi bworoshye kuvura.

Ubwo buribwa busanzwe budakira kanseri burimo:

• Nasal polyps - ibintu byoroshye, bidatera ububabare, bikunze gukura bitewe n'uburwayi buhoraho
• Papillomas - ibintu bisa n'ibisebe bishobora rimwe na rimwe guhinduka kanseri niba bitavuwe
• Hemangiomas - bikorwa n'imitsi y'amaraso kandi bikunze kugaragara mu bana
• Fibromas - ibintu bikomeye bikorwa n'umubiri
• Osteomas - uburibwa bw'igitugu gikura gahoro gahoro

Uburibwa bwa kanseri ni buke ariko busaba ubuvuzi bukomeye. Squamous cell carcinoma ni ubwoko bwa kanseri busanzwe muri aka gace, bukunze guhuzwa no kwandura ibintu by'akazi cyangwa kwandura virusi ya HPV.

Ubundi bwoko bwa kanseri buke burimo adenocarcinoma, ishobora gukura mu mitsi, na sarcomas, ikura mu mitsi ihuza. Lymphomas ishobora rimwe na rimwe gukura mu mazuru, nubwo ari bito cyane.

Ni iki gitera uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Intandaro nyayo y'ubwo buribwa bwinshi mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru ntiyumvikana neza, ariko hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe. Ibintu byo mu kirere bigira uruhare runini, cyane cyane ku bantu bakora imirimo runaka.

Ibintu bisanzwe bigira uruhare birimo:

• Uburwayi buhoraho buterwa na allergie cyangwa indwara z'amazuru
• Kwibasirwa n'ibintu byo mu kazi, nko guhumeka umukungugu w'ibiti, umukungugu w'uruhu, cyangwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe
• Kwibasirwa na virusi ya HPV (human papillomavirus), cyane cyane ubwoko bwa 16 na 18
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa guhumeka itabi rya bagenzi bawe
• Kuvurwa kanseri mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi mbere

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kandi kongera ibyago byo kurwara ubu buribwa. Urugero, abantu bafite familial adenomatous polyposis bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara nasal polyps zishobora guhinduka kanseri.

Imyaka igira uruhare, aho uburibwa bwinshi bwa kanseri mu mazuru bukunze kugaragara mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50. Abagabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ubu buribwa kurusha abagore, bishobora kuba biterwa n'ibintu byo mu kazi.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga ufite ibimenyetso by'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ukwiye guhamagara muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso by'amazuru bidakira bikomeza ibyumweru birenga bibiri, cyane cyane niba bitakira uko usanzwe uvura ipfapfa cyangwa allergie.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ubona guhinduka mu kubona, kubabara umutwe cyane bitandukanye n'uko usanzwe ubabara, cyangwa kubabara mu maso. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko ubwo buribwa bukomeje gukura kandi bukomesha ibice by'ingenzi.

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihuse niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'kugorana guhumeka mu mazuru, kubyimbagira mu maso cyane, cyangwa guhinduka mu mitekereze yawe. Nubwo ibi ari bike, bisaba isuzuma ryihuse.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Kumenya ibyago byawe byihariye bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kwirinda no gusuzuma. Hari ibintu byongera ibyago ushobora kugenzura, ibindi utabigenzura.

Ibintu byo mu kazi ni byo bintu bikomeye ushobora kugenzura. Abantu bakora imirimo yo gukora ibiti, ibikoresho by'inzu, cyangwa imirimo y'uruhu bafite ibyago byinshi bitewe no guhumeka umukungugu. Abakora imirimo y'ibintu by'ubumwe, cyane cyane abakora ibintu bya formaldehyde cyangwa chromium, nabo bafite ibyago byinshi.

Ibintu byo mu buzima busanzwe byongera ibyago byawe birimo:

• Kunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi
• Kunywamo inzoga nyinshi, cyane cyane iyo bihujwe no kunywa itabi
• Kudasukura amenyo neza, bishobora gutera uburwayi buhoraho
• Kuba mu turere dufite umwuka mubi

Hari ibintu utabasha kugenzura birimo imyaka yawe, igitsina, n'imiterere yawe. Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri mu mutwe no mu ijosi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe, nubwo ari bito cyane ku buribwa bw'amazuru.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa n'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ubwo buribwa bwinshi budakira kanseri butera ibibazo bito, ahanini bijyanye no gufunga umwuka no kugira ibibazo by'amazuru buhoraho. Ariko, niba bitavuwe, ubwo buribwa budakira kanseri bushobora gukura bukagera aho butera ibibazo bikomeye.

Ibibazo bisanzwe ushobora guhura na byo birimo:

• Indwara z'amazuru zidakira zikomeza kubaho
• Gutakaza burundu impumuro cyangwa uburyohe
• Ibibazo byo kuryama bitewe no kugorana guhumeka
• Kubabara mu maso cyangwa umutwe buhoraho
• Ibibazo by'amenyo bitewe n'umuvuduko ku munwa wo hejuru

Ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kubaho iyo ubwo buribwa bukuruye cyangwa buhinduka kanseri. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo ibibazo byo kubona niba ubwo buribwa bukomesha amaso, cyangwa ibibazo by'ubwonko niba bukuruye bugana ku gice cy'umutwe.

Ikibazo gikomeye cyane ni iyo ubwo buribwa budakira kanseri buhinduka kanseri, bishobora kubaho mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe nka inverted papillomas. Niyo mpamvu gukurikirana buri gihe no kuvura bikwiye ari ingenzi, ndetse no ku bintu bidakira kanseri.

Uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru bushobora kwirindwa gute?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda uburibwa bwose mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe cyane ukoresheje imyifatire myiza n'ukwirinda ibintu bizwi ko byongera ibyago.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda bugamije kwirinda ibintu byangiza. Niba ukora akazi gafite ibyago byinshi, ukoreshe ibikoresho byo kwirinda birimo udupfukamaso n'imashini zihumeka umwuka. Ntusimbuke amabwiriza y'umutekano, nubwo asa n'atabangamye.

Guhindura imyifatire bishobora kugufasha birimo:

• Kureka kunywa itabi no kwirinda itabi rya bagenzi bawe
• Kugabanya kunywa inzoga
• Kugira isuku nziza y'amazuru ukoresheje amazi ya saline
• Kuvura allergie neza kugira ngo ugabanye uburwayi buhoraho
• Kugira ubuvuzi bw'amenyo buhoraho kugira ngo wirinde indwara z'amenyo

Tegereza gukingirwa virusi ya HPV niba uri mu kigero cy'imyaka gisabwa, kuko bishobora kukurinda uburibwa buterwa na virusi. Komeza ahantu uba n'aho ukora hahumye neza, kandi ukoreshe imashini zihumura umwuka niba uba mu gace gifite umwuka mubi.

Uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru bumenyekana gute?

Kumenya ubu buribwa bisanzwe bitangira muganga akubaza ibimenyetso byawe akanusuzuma amazuru n'amasura. Azakoresha umucyo wihariye n'udutabo duto kugira ngo arebe imbere mu mazuru yawe mu ruzinduko rwawe rwa mbere.

Niba muganga akekereza ko ufite ubu buribwa, ashobora kugusaba gukorerwa nasal endoscopy. Ibi bisobanura gushyiramo umuyoboro muto, woroshye ufite camera mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo abone neza amazuru yawe na sinuses. Iyi gikorwa ikorwa mu biro hakoreshejwe imiti yo kubabara.

Ibizamini byo kubona amafoto bigufasha kumenya ingano n'aho ubwo buribwa buherereye. CT scans itanga amafoto y'amagufwa yawe kandi ishobora kwerekana aho ubwo buribwa bugeze. MRI scans itanga amafoto meza y'imbere mu mubiri kandi ishobora gufasha gutandukanya ubwoko butandukanye bw'uburibwa.

Biopsy ikunze kuba ngombwa kugira ngo umenye niba ubwo buribwa budakira kanseri cyangwa ari bwa kanseri. Muganga azakuramo agace gato k'umubiri, akenshi mu gihe cya endoscopy, akanatuma mu ishuri kugira ngo rirebwe muri microscope.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bishobora kuba ngombwa gukora ibindi bizamini. PET scans ishobora gufasha kubona kanseri imaze gukwirakwira mu zindi ngingo z'umubiri, mu gihe ibizamini by'amaraso byihariye bishobora kureba ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bya gene cyangwa indwara nka HPV.

Ni ubuhe buvuzi bw'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ubuvuzi biterwa n'ubwoko, ingano, n'aho ubwo buribwa buherereye, ndetse n'uko budakira kanseri cyangwa ari bwa kanseri. Inkuru nziza ni uko uburibwa bwinshi bw'amazuru bushobora kuvurwa neza, cyane cyane iyo bwafashwe hakiri kare.

Ku buribwa budakira kanseri, kubaga ni bwo buvuzi busanzwe. Endoscopic surgery, ikorwa mu mazuru hatakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga, ni bwo buryo busanzwe. Ubu buryo buto bufasha ababagisha gukuraho uburibwa bakagumana umubiri muzima.

Uburyo bwo kuvura uburibwa budakira kanseri burimo:

• Endoscopic removal ku buribwa buto cyangwa bwo hagati
• Imiti ya Steroid ku bintu by'uburwayi
• Laser therapy ku bwoko bumwe bw'uburibwa
• Kureba buri gihe uko ubwo buribwa bumeze ku buribwa buto cyane, budahinduka

Uburibwa bwa kanseri busaba ubuvuzi bukomeye, akenshi buhuza kubaga n'imirasire cyangwa chemotherapy. Uburyo bwo kubaga biterwa n'aho ubwo buribwa buherereye n'ingano yabwo, kuva ku kubaga endoscopic kugeza ku kubaga bikomeye.

Radiation therapy ishobora kugusabwa nyuma yo kubaga kugira ngo ikureho ibindi bice bya kanseri. Chemotherapy rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa ku kanseri ikomeye cyangwa iyo kubaga bitashoboka. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakorana nawe kugira ngo mutegure gahunda ibereye uko uhagaze.

Urashobora guhangana n'ibimenyetso byawe gute iwawe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi?

Mu gihe uri kuvurwa cyangwa utegereje kubagwa, hari uburyo bwo kuvura iwawe bushobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza no guhangana n'ibimenyetso byawe.

Amazi ya saline yo mu mazuru ni kimwe mu bintu byiza ushobora gukora iwawe. Koresha neti pot cyangwa saline spray inshuro nyinshi ku munsi kugira ngo amazuru yawe akomeze kuba meza kandi ugabanye uburwayi. Koresha amazi meza cyangwa yatetse neza kugira ngo wirinde.

Ibindi bintu bishobora kugufasha birimo:

• Koresha humidifier kugira ngo umwuka ube mwiza, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kuryama
• Kuryama utwikiriye umutwe kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru ave neza
• Gushyira ibintu bishyushye ku maso kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare
• Kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru abe mabyo
• Kwima amatungo n'ibintu byangiza

Imiti igabanya ububabare ushobora kugura nta rupapuro rwa muganga ishobora kugufasha kubabara mu maso no kubabara umutwe, ariko wirinde aspirine niba uvuza amaraso mu mazuru kenshi. Imiti yo gufungura amazuru ishobora kugufasha by'agateganyo, ariko ntukayikoreshe iminsi irenga itatu yikurikiranya.

Witondere ibimenyetso byawe kandi wandike ibyakugiriye akamaro n'ibyakuvuyemo. Aya makuru azaba afite akamaro ku itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga mu guhindura gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Wategura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura neza uruzinduko rwawe bifasha guhamya ko ubonye ibyiza byinshi mu ruzinduko rwawe kandi ntukibagirwe amakuru y'ingenzi. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse mu gihe.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti ugurisha nta rupapuro rwa muganga, imiti y'inyongera, n'imiti y'ibimera. Muganga akeneye kumenya buri kintu gishobora guhuza n'ubuvuzi bushoboka.

Tegura amakuru yerekeye:

• Akazi kawe, cyane cyane ibyo wakoreye mu kazi byose byakubasira umukungugu cyangwa ibintu
• Amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri cyangwa ibibazo by'amazuru
• Indwara z'amazuru cyangwa imvune mu mazuru wari ufite mbere
• Allergie n'uko usanzwe uzivura
• Ibibazo byose by'amazuru cyangwa ubuvuzi wari ufite mbere

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga. Ntukabe umuntu w'ubwoba - ni byiza kubabaza kurusha gusiga utumva.

Niba warigeze gukorerwa ibizamini byo kubona amafoto cyangwa biopsy ahandi, tegura kohereza ayo makuru kwa muganga wawe mushya mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe. Ibi bizatuma umara igihe gito kandi bikarinda ko ukorerwa ibizamini byongeye.

Ni iki cyingenzi wakura mu makuru yerekeye uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ibimenyetso by'amazuru bidakira bikwiye kuvurwa na muganga, cyane cyane niba bikomeje ibyumweru birenga bike cyangwa ntibikire uko usanzwe uvura.

Ubwo buribwa bwinshi bw'amazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru budakira kanseri kandi buravurwa neza hifashishijwe uburyo bwa none bwo kubaga. Nubwo ubwo buribwa ari bwa kanseri, kubufata hakiri kare byongera amahirwe yawe yo kuvurwa neza no gukira neza.

Nturetse ubwoba bukubuze gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bikubangamiye. Uburyo bwo kubona amafoto n'ubuvuzi bwa none burushaho gutera imbere kandi budakomeretsa, kandi itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga riri aho kugufasha muri buri cyiciro cy'ubuvuzi.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine muri uru rugendo. Abaganga bawe, umuryango wawe, n'inshuti zawe ni abantu bakomeye bazagufasha mu gihe uri kuvurwa. Komeza ube umuntu wumva, ubaze ibibazo, kandi uharanire ubuzima bwawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho bijyanye n'uburibwa mu mazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru

Nasal polyps ni kimwe n'uburibwa bw'amazuru?

Nasal polyps ni ubwoko bw'uburibwa bw'amazuru budakira kanseri, ariko si uburibwa bwose bw'amazuru ari polyps. Polyps ni ibintu byoroshye, bidatera ububabare bikunze gukura bitewe n'uburwayi buhoraho buterwa na allergie cyangwa indwara. Ni ubwoko busanzwe bw'uburibwa bw'amazuru budakira kanseri kandi busanzwe bworoshye kuvura. Ubundi bwoko bw'uburibwa bw'amazuru bushobora kugira intandaro n'imiterere bitandukanye, niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi ko uburibwa ubwo aribwo bwose bw'amazuru busuzumwa na muganga.

Uburibwa bw'amazuru bushobora gutera impumuro mbi?

Yego, uburibwa bw'amazuru n'imikaya y'amazuru rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera impumuro mbi idakira, cyane cyane niba butera indwara z'amazuru zidakira cyangwa bugakomeretsa amazi ava mu mazuru. Iyo amazi ava mu mazuru afunze agakomera, ashobora gutera impumuro mbi. Niba ubona impumuro mbi idakira hamwe n'ibindi bimenyetso by'amazuru nko gufunga amazuru cyangwa amazi ava mu mazuru, ni byiza kubivuga na muganga.

Gukira nyuma yo kubagwa uburibwa bw'amazuru bimamara igihe kingana iki?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko n'uburyo bw'ubuvuzi bwakozwe. Ku buribwa buto bwo kubaga endoscopic ku buribwa budakira kanseri, abantu benshi bumva bameze neza mu byumweru 1-2 kandi bagaruka mu mirimo isanzwe mu kwezi kumwe. Kubaga bikomeye ku buribwa bwa kanseri bishobora gusaba ibyumweru 6-8 kugira ngo umuntu akire neza. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibyo witezeho bitewe n'uburyo bwawe bw'ubuvuzi n'uburyo wakize.

Nzahomba impumuro yanjye burundu nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Abantu benshi bahangayikishwa no gutakaza impumuro yabo, ariko ibyavuye byo biterwa n'ibintu byinshi birimo aho ubwo buribwa buherereye, ingano yabwo, n'ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bukenewe. Bamwe mu bantu basubirana impumuro nyuma yo gukuraho uburibwa kuko ubwo buribwa bwari bufunze umwuka. Ariko, niba ubwo buribwa bwangije ibice byo kumva impumuro cyangwa niba kubaga bikomeye bikenewe, hari ibindi bihinduka bya burundu mu kumva impumuro bishobora kubaho. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira ibyago byihariye bitewe n'uko uhagaze.

Uburibwa bw'amazuru bushobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Uburibwa bw'amazuru budakira kanseri rimwe na rimwe bushobora gusubira, cyane cyane nasal polyps mu bantu bafite allergie cyangwa zimwe mu ndwara za gene. Igipimo cyo gusubira ni gito iyo uburibwa bukuweho neza kandi intandaro zibanze zikemuwe. Ku buribwa bwa kanseri, gukurikirana buri gihe ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane vuba niba ubwo buribwa busubiye. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakora gahunda yo gukurikirana ibereye ubwoko bw'uburibwa bwawe n'ubuvuzi.