Ibyerekeye Umubyibuho ukabije: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Umubyibuho ukabije ni uburwayi aho umubiri wawe ubibika ibinure byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe n'imibereho ya buri munsi. Ni ikintu kirenze kuba ufite ibiro byinshi gusa - ni igihe ibiro byinshi bitangiye kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri wawe kandi bikongera ibyago byo kugira ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima.

Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi babana n'umubyibuho ukabije, kandi byaragize aho bikwirakwira cyane mu myaka ya vuba. Inkuru nziza ni uko umubyibuho ukabije uvurwa, kandi no kugabanya ibiro bike bishobora gutuma ubuzima bugenda neza.

Ni iki Umubyibuho ukabije?

Umubyibuho ukabije ubaho igihe umubiri wawe ukoresha kandi ukabika ibinure byinshi kurusha uko ushobora kubikoresha nk'ingufu. Abaganga bakunze gusesengura umubyibuho ukabije hakoreshejwe Indangamano y'Ubunure bw'umubiri (BMI), igereranya ibiro byawe n'uburebure bwawe.

BMI ya 30 cyangwa irenga muri rusange igaragaza umubyibuho ukabije, nubwo ubu buryo bwo kupima bufite utugero duto. Muganga wawe azaba afite kandi icyo areba ku buzima bwawe muri rusange, aho utwara ibiro, n'ibindi bintu iyo asuzuma uburwayi bwawe.

Tekereza ku mubyibuho ukabije nk'uburyo umubiri wawe ubungabunga ingufu bumaze kurenga urugero. Iyo ukomeje kurya ibiryo bifite kalori nyinshi kurusha uko ubikoresha, umubiri wawe ubibika nk'ibinure, ahanini kugira ngo ukoreshe mu gihe kizaza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'Umubyibuho ukabije?

Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'umubyibuho ukabije ni ukwiyongera kw'ibiro, ariko abantu benshi bagira ibindi bimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku mibereho yabo ya buri munsi n'ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenda. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora kugaragara nk'ibidafite aho bihuriye n'ibihe by'umubyibuho mu ntangiriro.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona birimo:

• Kumva uhumeka nabi mu bikorwa bisanzwe nko kugenda cyangwa kuzamuka intambwe
• Kwiyongera kw'umunaniro, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imikino yoroheje
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa wumva udashoboye gukora ibintu kurusha mbere
• Kubabara mu ngingo, cyane cyane mu mavi, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu mugongo
• Kubura ibitotsi cyangwa kumva utaruhutse nyuma yo kuryama
• Kubabara mu gifu cyangwa kugaragara kw'umwuka w'umusemburo
• Ibibazo by'uruhu ahantu hari imikunyo y'uruhu, nko kuzana ibisebe cyangwa indwara

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibindi bimenyetso bitandukanye nko kubabara umutwe, guhinduka kw'imitekerereze, cyangwa kugorana gutekereza. Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugenda neza uko ibiro bigenda bigabanuka, ibyo bishobora gutanga imbaraga mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi.

Ni iyihe mityo y'Umubyibuho ukabije?

Abaganga basobanura umubyibuho ukabije mu byiciro bitandukanye hashingiwe ku rwego rwa BMI n'uburyo ibiro byinshi bigabanuka mu mubiri wawe. Gusobanukirwa ibi byiciro bifasha mu gupima uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ibyiciro by'ingenzi bishingiye kuri BMI birimo:

• Icyiciro cya 1 cy'umubyibuho ukabije: BMI 30-34.9
• Icyiciro cya 2 cy'umubyibuho ukabije: BMI 35-39.9
• Icyiciro cya 3 cy'umubyibuho ukabije: BMI 40 cyangwa irenga (rimwe na rimwe byitwa umubyibuho ukabije ukomeye)

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kureba aho utwara ibiro byinshi. Umubyibuho ukabije ufite ishusho y'intambwe (ibihe byinshi mu gice cy'inda) akenshi ugira ibyago byinshi by'ubuzima kurusha umubyibuho ukabije ufite ishusho y'igipapuro (ibiro mu kibuno no mu ntugu).

Umubyibuho ukabije mu bana ukurikira amashusho atandukanye ya BMI, kuko imibiri y'abana ihinduka vuba mu gihe cy'ubukure n'iterambere.

Ni iki Gitera Umubyibuho ukabije?

Umubyibuho ukabije ubaho igihe ukomeje kurya ibiryo bifite kalori nyinshi kurusha uko umubiri wawe ubikoresha. Ariko, impamvu ibi bibaho ni ingenzi kandi birimo ibintu byinshi bikorera hamwe.

Ibintu bisanzwe bitera ibi birimo:

• Imigenzo yo kurya irimo ibice binini cyangwa ibiryo byinshi bifite kalori nyinshi
• Imikino mike kubera imibereho, akazi, cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenda
• Ibintu by'umurage bigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe utunganya kandi ukabika ibinure
• Imiti nko guhangayika, imiti y'imiti, cyangwa imiti ya diyabete
• Uburwayi nko kugabanuka kw'imisemburo ya tiroyidi, kudakora neza kwa insulin, cyangwa PCOS
• Ibibazo byo kuryama bibangamira imisemburo igenzura inzara n'ubwuzu
• Umuvuduko ukabije utera kurya kubera kwiheba cyangwa guhinduka kw'imisemburo

Ibintu by'ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini. Kugira uburyo buke bwo kubona ibiryo byiza, uturere tudakwiriye gukora imikino ngororamubiri, cyangwa gahunda z'akazi zibangamira igihe cyo kurya bishobora gutera kwiyongera kw'ibihe.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, indwara ziterwa n'umurage nka Prader-Willi syndrome cyangwa kwangirika kwa hypothalamus (igice cy'ubwonko kiyobora ubushake bwo kurya) bishobora gutera umubyibuho ukabije ukomeye. Ibi bibazo bisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Umubyibuho ukabije?

Ukwiye gutekereza kuvugana na muganga wawe ku bibazo by'ibihe byawe niba BMI yawe ari 30 cyangwa irenga, cyangwa niba ibiro byinshi bigira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe ya buri munsi n'umunezero wawe. Gutangira hakiri kare akenshi bigira ingaruka nziza.

Tegura gahunda vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso nko guhumeka nabi buri gihe, kubabara mu ngingo bigabanya ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda, cyangwa ibibazo byo kuryama bikugira umunaniro mu gihe cy'umunsi.

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba ufite ububabare mu gituza, kugorana guhumeka cyane, cyangwa ibimenyetso bya diyabete nko kwifuza amazi cyane, kenshi ujya kumusarani, cyangwa umunaniro udasobanutse. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Nubwo wumva umeze neza ubu, kuganira ku bijyanye no gucunga ibiro na muganga wawe bishobora kugufasha kwirinda ibibazo by'ubuzima mu gihe kizaza no gushyiraho gahunda y'ubuvuzi ifasha.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago by'Umubyibuho ukabije?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira umubyibuho ukabije, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibihamya ko uzabona umubyibuho ukabije. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwawe.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango afite umubyibuho ukabije, ibyo bigaragaza ko hari umurage
• Guhinduka kw'imikorere y'umubiri bijyanye n'imyaka, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 40
• Imibereho yo kwicara kubera akazi ko kwicara cyangwa kugira ubushobozi buke bwo kugenda
• Kurya kenshi ibiryo byakorewe cyangwa bifite kalori nyinshi
• Kubura uburyo bwo kubona ibiryo byiza cyangwa ahantu hakwiriye gukora imikino ngororamubiri
• Imiti imwe itera kwiyongera kw'ibihe nk'ingaruka
• Uburwayi bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri cyangwa imisemburo
• Gutwita, cyane cyane gutwita inshuro nyinshi cyangwa kwiyongera kw'ibihe mu gihe cyo gutwita

Ibintu byo mu mutwe nko kwiheba, guhangayika, cyangwa ibikomere byashize bishobora kandi kongera ibyago by'umubyibuho ukabije binyuze mu migenzo yo kurya kubera kwiheba cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti.

Ibintu by'imibereho n'ubukungu na byo ni ingenzi. Amashimwe make, gahunda z'akazi zidafatika, cyangwa inshingano zo kwita ku bandi bishobora gutera imbogamizi mu kubungabunga imigenzo myiza yo kurya no gukora imikino ngororamubiri.

Ni iyihe ngaruka zishoboka z'Umubyibuho ukabije?

Umubyibuho ukabije ushobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima mu gihe kirekire, nubwo atari abantu bose bafite umubyibuho ukabije bazagira ibyo bibazo. Ibyago muri rusange byiyongera uko BMI yiyongera n'igihe kirekire cy'umubyibuho ukabije.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zirimo:

• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 kubera kudakora neza kwa insulin biturutse ku binure byinshi mu mubiri
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ukomesha umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso
• Uburwayi bw'umutima harimo indwara z'imitsi y'umutima n'ikibazo cy'umutima
• Apnea yo kuryama itera guhumeka nabi no kubura ibitotsi
• Uburwayi bw'ingingo, cyane cyane mu ngingo zikora cyane nko mu mavi no mu kibuno
• Indwara y'umwijima itera kwangirika kw'umwijima
• Indwara ya Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) itera kubabara mu gifu no kugaragara kw'umwuka w'umusemburo

Ingaruka zidafatika ariko zikomeye zishobora kuba kanseri zimwe na zimwe, amaraso akabana, indwara y'umwijima, n'ibibazo by'impyiko. Bamwe mu bantu bashobora kandi kugira kwiheba cyangwa kwikurura mu mibanire kubera ibiro byabo.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, umubyibuho ukabije ukomeye ushobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima bishobora kwica umuntu nka Pickwickian syndrome (ibibazo byo guhumeka mu gihe cyo kuryama) cyangwa kugira ubushobozi buke bwo kugenda. Ariko, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa zigakira neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Uko Umubyibuho ukabije Ushobora Kwibwa

Kwibwa umubyibuho ukabije bisaba gushyiraho imigenzo ya buri munsi ijyanye n'intego zawe z'ubuvuzi. Tangira uhindura utuntu duto, ushobora kubigeraho aho kugerageza guhindura byose icyarimwe.

Plana ibiryo byawe mbere y'igihe kandi usige ibiryo byiza byoroshye kubona. Koresha imibindi n'ibibindi bito kugira ngo ugenzure ibice, kandi gerageza kurya utabangamiwe na televiziyo cyangwa telefoni.

Shaka imikino ngororamubiri ukunda, ukoreshe kugenda, guhinga, kubyina, cyangwa koga. Nubwo imirimo yo mu rugo nko gusukura cyangwa gukora mu busitani bishobora kugira uruhare mu ntego zawe za buri munsi.

Komeza ibitabo by'ibiryo n'imikino ngororamubiri kugira ngo ukureho aho ugeze kandi umenye imigenzo. Ibyo bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibitera kurya cyane cyangwa igihe ufite imbaraga zo gukora imikino ngororamubiri.

Shyiraho itsinda ry'abantu bakuzengurutse bakwunga ubumwe n'inshuti bumva intego zawe. Tekereza kujya mu matsinda yo kuri internet cyangwa amatsinda yo mu gace utuyemo aho ushobora gusangira uburambe n'inkunga n'abandi bahura n'ibibazo nk'ibyawe.

Uko Wakwitegura Kugenda kwa Muganga

Kwitunganya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kubona inyungu nyinshi mu gihe cyawe na muganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe, impungenge, n'ibibazo ku biro byawe n'ubuzima bwawe.

Zana urutonde rw'imiti yose, ibintu byongera imbaraga, na vitamine urimo ukoresha, kuko bimwe muri byo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku biro. Kandi, komereza amakuru ku mateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n'umubyibuho ukabije, diyabete, n'uburwayi bw'umutima.

Tekereza kubika ibitabo by'ibiryo n'imikino ngororamubiri ibyumweru kimwe mbere yo kujya kwa muganga. Ibyo bigira icyo bimaze muganga wawe mu kumenya imigenzo yawe kandi bigafasha kumenya aho wakosora.

Tekereza ku ntego zawe n'ibibazo wahuye na byo mu gihe cyashize mu kugerageza gucunga ibiro. Vuga ukuri ku mibereho yawe, imigenzo yo kurya, n'ibintu byose by'imitekerereze bishobora kugira ingaruka ku biro byawe.

Tegura kuganira ku bwishingizi bwawe ku buryo butandukanye bwo kuvura, harimo inama z'abaganga b'ibiryo, kwandikisha muri siporo, cyangwa imiti niba ari byo byasabwe.

Icyo Ugomba Kumenya cy'ingenzi Ku bijyanye n'Umubyibuho ukabije

Umubyibuho ukabije ni uburwayi buvurwa bugira ingaruka ku bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi. Nubwo bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima, inkuru nziza ni uko no kugabanya ibiro bike bishobora gutanga inyungu zikomeye ku buzima.

Guhangana n'umubyibuho ukabije neza bisanzwe bikubiyemo gufata ibiryo byiza, gukora imikino ngororamubiri buri gihe, rimwe na rimwe no gufashwa n'abaganga. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukora uburyo bujyanye n'imibereho yawe kandi ushobora gukomeza gukora igihe kirekire.

Wibuke ko umubyibuho ukabije ari ikintu kigoye, kirimo ibintu by'umurage, ibidukikije, n'imyitwarire. Ibyo bivuze ko nta gishoboka kimwe gikora kuri bose, kandi si ikintu gusa cyo gukoresha ubushake cyangwa kunanirwa kwitegura.

Ubufasha bw'abaganga bukwiye, intego zifatika, no kwihangana mu nzira, abantu benshi bashobora kugera ku iterambere ry'ingenzi mu biro byabo no mu buzima muri rusange. Fata imbaraga mu iterambere aho kwita ku bintu byose, kandi hizihiza intsinzi ntoya mu nzira.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa Ku bijyanye n'Umubyibuho ukabije

Q1: Ese umubyibuho ukabije uhora uterwa no kurya cyane?

Oya, umubyibuho ukabije ntabwo uhora uterwa no kurya cyane gusa. Nubwo kurya ibiryo bifite kalori nyinshi kurusha uko ubikoresha ari wo mugenzo nyamukuru, ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare birimo umurage, imiti, uburwayi, ibibazo byo kuryama, n'ibintu by'ibidukikije. Bamwe mu bantu bashobora kugira umubyibuho ukabije nubwo bafite imigenzo isanzwe yo kurya kubera itandukaniro mu mikorere y'umubiri cyangwa uburwayi buhishe.

Q2: Ese ushobora kuba muzima ufite ibiro byinshi ufite umubyibuho ukabije?

Nubwo bamwe mu bantu bafite umubyibuho ukabije bashobora kugira umuvuduko w'amaraso usanzwe, cholesterol, n'isukari mu maraso, umubyibuho ukabije muri rusange wongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'ubuzima mu gihe kirekire. Ariko, kwibanda ku myitwarire myiza nko gukora imikino ngororamubiri buri gihe no kurya ibiryo byiza bishobora kunoza ibyavuye mu buzima utarebye ibiro. Intego ikwiye kuba kunoza ubuzima muri rusange aho kuba kugabanya ibiro gusa.

Q3: Ni mu gihe kingana iki nakwitega kugabanya ibiro mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi?

Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo buteganijwe kandi buhoraho bisanzwe bibaho ku muvuduko w'ibihe 1-2 buri cyumweru. Kugabanya ibiro vuba bishobora gutera igihombo cy'imitsi kandi bigorana kubikomeza igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azagufasha gushyiraho intego zifatika zishingiye ku mimerere yawe bwite. Wibuke ko no kugabanya ibiro 5-10% bishobora gutanga inyungu zikomeye ku buzima.

Q4: Ese nzakenera kubagwa niba mfite umubyibuho ukabije?

Kubagwa bisanzwe bifatwaho gusa ku mubyibuho ukabije ukomeye (BMI 40 cyangwa irenga) cyangwa BMI 35+ ufite ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima igihe ubundi buvuzi butarabashije kugira icyo buhindura. Abantu benshi bafite umubyibuho ukabije bashobora kugera ku byavuye mu buryo buhambaye binyuze mu guhindura imibereho, kuvurwa mu mutwe, rimwe na rimwe no gufata imiti. Muganga wawe azaganira kuri byose kandi azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bujyanye n'imimerere yawe.

Q5: Ese umubyibuho ukabije ushobora gukira burundu?

Abantu benshi bashobora kugabanya ibiro byinshi kandi bakagumana ibiro byiza igihe kirekire bafashijwe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye n'imigenzo myiza yo kubaho. Ariko, gucunga umubyibuho ukabije akenshi ni inzira ikomeza aho kuba igisubizo kimwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko guhindura imibereho mu buryo buhoraho bishobora gutera iterambere rirambye mu biro no mu buzima muri rusange, nubwo bamwe mu bantu baguma bafite ibyago byo kongera ibiro.