Iki ni iki, Indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (OCD) ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe aho ibitekerezo bidakenewe, byinjira mu mutwe biturutse ahandi, bituma umuntu ahangayika cyane, bikamutera gukora imirimo isubirwamo cyangwa imihango yo mu mutwe. Ibi bitekerezo n'ibikorwa bishobora kumva birenze ubushobozi kandi bishobora kubangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi, imibanire n'abandi, n'akazi.

Ntabwo uri wenyine muri iyi ngorane. Indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (OCD) igaragara ku bantu bagera kuri 2-3% ku isi hose, kandi ni indwara nyakuri ivurwa neza. Gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba mu bwonko bwawe bishobora kuba intambwe ya mbere yo kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kuyigenzura.

Iki ni iki, Indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)?

Indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (OCD) igizwe n'ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi. Guhora uhangayitse ni ibitekerezo bidakenewe, bisubiramo, amashusho, cyangwa ibintu bikurura bikurura agahinda gakomeye. Ibi si impungenge za buri munsi gusa ahubwo ni ibitekerezo byinjira mu mutwe biturutse ahandi, bikumva bitari wowe.

Gukora ibintu byinshi ni imirimo isubirwamo cyangwa ibikorwa byo mu mutwe wumva ugomba gukora mu gusubiza ibibazo byo guhora uhangayitse. Ushobora kumva ko ibi bikorwa bizabuza ikintu kibi kuba cyangwa bigatuma uhangayika gake. Ariko, ituze riba rigiye vuba, kandi iyo mizunguko ikunda gusubiramo.

Abantu benshi bagira ibitekerezo byinjira mu mutwe rimwe na rimwe cyangwa bakunda ibintu bikorwa mu buryo runaka. Ikintu gitandukanya indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (OCD) ni ubukana, kenshi, n'uburyo ibi bitekerezo n'ibikorwa bibangamira ubuzima bwawe. Ibi bitekerezo bigaragara nk'ibihutirwa kandi biteye ubwoba, atari ibintu ukunda gusa.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi (OCD) bigabanywa mu byiciro bibiri, nubwo abantu benshi bagira ibibazo byombi byo guhora uhangayitse no gukora ibintu byinshi. Reka turebe uko ibi bishobora kugaragara mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Ibintu bisanzwe byo guhora uhangayitse birimo:

• Ubwoba bwo kwanduza mikorobe, umwanda, cyangwa ibintu byangiza
• Ibitekerezo by’ubugome cyangwa urugomo bidakenewe ku giti cyawe cyangwa ku bandi
• Kwita cyane ku buryo ibintu biteye, gukurikiza gahunda, cyangwa ibintu bikaba “neza”
• Ibitekerezo by’ubusambanyi cyangwa by’idini bitemewe, binyuranye n’amahame yawe
• Ubwoba bwo kubura cyangwa gutera ibintu by’ingenzi
• Gushidikanya niba warangije imirimo nko gufunga imiryango cyangwa kuzimya ibikoresho

Ibyo umuntu akora byo kwiyirinda bikunze kuba ibi bikurikira:

• Kwoza intoki cyane, gusukura, cyangwa gukaraba intoki kenshi
• Kujya kureba inshuro nyinshi niba imiryango ifunze, ibikoresho bikora, cyangwa ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi
• Kubara, gukubita, cyangwa gusubiramo amagambo mu mutima
• Gushyira ibintu mu buryo runaka kugeza igihe byumvikana ko “byiza”
• Gusaba abandi inama kenshi
• Gukora imihango yo mu bwenge nko gusenga cyangwa gusubiramo ibintu mu bwenge

Ibindi bitekerezo bidakunze kugaragara ariko bikaba bibabaza cyane bishobora kuba harimo ubwoba ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire yawe y’ubusambanyi, impungenge z’ibyaha, cyangwa ibitekerezo byo gukomeretsa abantu bakunda. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibikorwa byo mu bwenge gusa, nko gusubiramo amagambo cyangwa gukuraho mu bwenge ibitekerezo bibi.

Wibuke ko kugira ibyo bitekerezo ntibivuze ko ushaka kubikora cyangwa ko bigaragaza imico yawe nyayo. OCD ikunda kugira icyo igamije ku kintu gikubera cyane, niyo mpamvu ibyo bitekerezo bigutera ubwoba.

Ni ayahe moko ya Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Nubwo OCD ari indwara imwe, ishobora kugaragara mu buryo butandukanye. Abahanga mu buvuzi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe rimwe na rimwe basobanura OCD hagendewe ku ngingo nyamukuru, nubwo abantu benshi bagira ubwoko bwinshi.

Contamination OCD igaragaza ubwoba ku mikorobe, indwara, cyangwa kuba “umwanda.” Ushobora kwoza intoki cyane, kwirinda ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, cyangwa kujugunya ibintu utekereza ko byanduye. Ubu bwoko bwagaragaye cyane mu gihe cya COVID-19, nubwo bwari bumaze igihe kirekire.

Kureba niba ufite OCD bishingiye ku gushidikanya ku bijyanye n’umutekano cyangwa kurangiza imirimo. Ushobora gusubiramo kenshi kureba ko imiryango ifunze, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byazimye, cyangwa ko utakoze amakosa. Ubwoba bw’uko waba wakoze ikosa bugira imbaraga cyane ku buryo nubwo waba umaze kubigenzura inshuro nyinshi, ubutaha bw’ibintu bugumaho.

OCD y’uburinganire n’isanzure isobanura uburyo umuntu akeneye ko ibintu biteguwe mu buryo runaka cyangwa bikaba “byiza”. Ushobora kumara amasaha utegura ibintu cyangwa ukumva ububabare bukomeye igihe ibintu bigaragara bidahuje cyangwa bitaringaniye.

OCD yo gutera abandi ibibi isobanura ibitekerezo bidakenewe byo gutera ibibi wowe ubwawe cyangwa abandi, nubwo utazi icyo ubishaka. Ibi bitekerezo bibabaza cyane kuko binyuranye n’amahame yawe n’uwo uzi ko uri we.

Bamwe mu bantu bagira Pure O (OCD y’ibitekerezo gusa), aho ibikorwa byo kwirinda biba ahanini ari ibitekerezo kurusha imyitwarire igaragara. Ushobora gukora igenzura mu bitekerezo, kubara, cyangwa kugerageza “gukuraho” ibitekerezo bibi ubishyiramo ibyiza.

Icyateza Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

OCD iterwa n’imiterere myinshi, kandi abashakashatsi bagikora ubushakashatsi ku bice byose birebana nayo. Nta kintu kimwe giteza OCD, kandi kugira ibintu bishobora gutera OCD ntibihamya ko uzayirwara.

Gutandukana mu bwonko bigira uruhare runini muri OCD. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imikorere y’ibice bimwe by’ubwonko birebana no gufata ibyemezo, imikorere y’ibisanzwe, no kubona amakosa bitagenda neza mu bantu barwaye OCD. By’umwihariko, ibice nka orbitofrontal cortex na anterior cingulate cortex bishobora gukora cyane kurusha uko bikwiye.

Uburanga bugira uruhare mu kuba umuntu yakwandura OCD, iyi ndwara ikaba igaragara mu miryango kurusha uko yaba ari amahirwe gusa. Niba umuntu wa hafi afite OCD, ibyago byawe byo kuyirwara byiyongera, nubwo abantu benshi bafite amateka y’iyi ndwara mu miryango yabo batayirwara. Ubushakashatsi ku mpanga bwerekana ko uburanga bugira uruhare rwa 45-65% mu kuba umuntu yakwandura OCD.

Ibintu byo mu kirere bishobora gutera OCD mu bantu basanzwe bafite intege nke. Ibintu byangiza ubuzima, indwara, cyangwa ibyabaye bibabaje bishobora gutera iyi ndwara. Bamwe mu bana bagira ibimenyetso bisa n’ibya OCD nyuma y’indwara ya strep, iyi ndwara ikaba yitwa PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections).

Imimerere y’umuntu nko kuba umuntu ushaka ubutunganye cyangwa ufite ubwenge bwinshi ku bintu bitazwi bishobora gutera OCD. Ariko, ibyo bintu byonyine ntibitera OCD, kandi benshi mu bantu bashaka ubutunganye ntibagira iyo ndwara.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Wagombye gutekereza kubona umuvuzi iyo ibitekerezo byinshi cyangwa imyitwarire y’agahato bikubuza gukora ibintu byawe bya buri munsi. Ibi bishobora gusobanura kumara amasaha arenga rimwe buri munsi utekereza cyangwa ukora ibintu byinshi, cyangwa ukumva udashobora gukora neza mu kazi, mu ishuri, cyangwa mu mibanire.

Shaka ubufasha niba uri kwirinda ahantu, abantu, cyangwa ibikorwa kubera ibitekerezo byawe cyangwa imyitwarire y’agahato. Abantu benshi bafite OCD buhoro buhoro bagabanya ubuzima bwabo kugira ngo bacungire ibimenyetso byabo, ibyo bishobora gutera ukwigunga n’agahinda.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite ibitekerezo byo kwangiza umubiri wawe cyangwa niba imigenzo yawe itera ibibazo by’umubiri nko kwangirika kw’uruhu kubera gukaraba cyane. Kugira ubuvuzi hakiri kare kenshi bituma ibintu bigenda neza kandi bishobora kubuza ibimenyetso kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda.

Niba abagize umuryango cyangwa inshuti bagaragaje impungenge ku myitwarire yawe, ibyo bishobora kuba igihe cyiza cyo gushaka ubufasha bw’umwuga. Rimwe na rimwe abantu badukikije babona ibintu twamenyereye kubaho na byo.

Ni ikihe kintu gishobora gutera Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara OCD, nubwo ufite ibyo bintu bitavuze ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha.

Ibintu bisanzwe bitera iyi ndwara birimo:

• Amateka y’indwara yo guhangayika cyane mu muryango cyangwa izindi ndwara zo guhangayika
• Umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu buzima
• Amateka yo guhohoterwa ku mubiri, mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa mu buryo bw’amarangamutima
• Izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe nka deppresiyo cyangwa guhangayika
• Imimerere y’ubunyangamugayo cyangwa icyifuzo gikomeye cyo kugenzura
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata ubwonko

Imyaka ishobora kuba ikintu, kuko indwara yo guhangayika ikunze gutangira mu bwana, mu gihe cy’ubwangavu, cyangwa mu myaka ya mbere y’ubukure. Abahungu bakunze kugira ibimenyetso mbere y’abakobwa, akenshi mbere y’imyaka 10, mu gihe abakobwa bakunze kugira indwara yo guhangayika mu gihe cy’ubwangavu.

Gutwita no kubyara bishobora gutera indwara yo guhangayika mu bagore bamwe, cyane cyane ibitekerezo byo guhangayika ko hari ikibi gishobora kugera ku mwana. Ibi bitandukanye n’impungenge zisanzwe z’ababyeyi bashya kandi bikubiyemo ibitekerezo byinjira mu mutwe, bituma umuntu ahangayika, bikaba bidasanzwe.

Kugira ibyo bibazo ntibisobanura ko indwara yo guhangayika ari ngombwa. Abantu benshi bafite ibibazo byinshi ntibagira iyo ndwara, mu gihe abandi bafite ibibazo bike bigaragara bayigira. Uburyo bwo guhuza imfuruka, imikorere y’ubwonko, n’ibyabaye mu buzima ni bitoroshye kandi bitandukanye ku muntu ku wundi.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka z’indwara yo guhangayika?

Iyo idakuweho, indwara yo guhangayika ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bice byinshi by’ubuzima bwawe. Izo ngaruka ziraza buhoro buhoro kandi zishobora kuba zikomeye, ariko zirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubufasha.

Depresiyo ikunze kuza hamwe n’indwara yo guhangayika, ikagira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 70% bafite iyo ndwara. Urugamba rudasiba rwo guhangana n’ibitekerezo byinjira mu mutwe n’imihango ijyana igihe kinini bishobora gutuma wumva uciwe intege kandi unaniwe. Ibi si amakosa y’umuntu ahubwo ni uko umubiri uba uhanganye n’indwara yo guhangayika idakuweho.

Ubucuti bushobora kwangirika kuko ibimenyetso by’indwara yo guhangayika bibangamira imibanire. Ushobora kwirinda guterana mu ruhame kubera gutinya kwanduza, gukoresha abagize umuryango mu mihango yawe, cyangwa guhangana n’ibyishimo kubera ibitekerezo byinjira mu mutwe. Incuti n’umuryango bashobora kumva bababajwe cyangwa batumva ibyo ukora.

Imikorere mu kazi cyangwa mu ishuri ishobora kugabanuka iyo ibitekerezo bidakira neza n’ibikorwa byo kwirinda bifata umwanya munini n’ingufu zo mu mutwe. Ushobora gutinda kubera imihango yo kugenzura, ugakora nabi kubera ibitekerezo bidutera, cyangwa ukirinda imirimo imwe n’imwe ituma ibimenyetso byawe bigaragara.

Ibibazo by’ubuzima bw’umubiri bishobora guterwa n’imyitwarire yo kwirinda. Gukaraba intoki cyane bishobora gutera ibikomere ku ruhu n’indwara. Imikorere yo kugenzura ishobora gutera imvune ziterwa no gukoresha cyane. Bamwe bagira ibibazo byo kurya, gusinzira, cyangwa ibindi bikorwa by’ibanze byo kwita ku buzima bwabo.

Kwikurura mu bandi kenshi bibaho kuko abantu barwaye OCD buhoro buhoro bagabanya ibikorwa byabo kugira ngo bacungire ibimenyetso. Ibi bishobora gutera ubwenge, kugabanuka k’ubuzima bwiza, n’amahirwe make yo kugira ibyishimo byiza bisanzwe bizamura umutima.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, OCD ikomeye ishobora gutera ubusembwa bwo gukora wenyine. Bamwe baba bafungiwe mu ngo cyangwa bakeneye kwitabwaho buri gihe. Ariko rero, urwego rwo gutakaza ubushobozi rwose rushobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

OCD ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Nubwo utayashobora gukumira OCD burundu, cyane cyane niba ufite ikibazo cy’umutungo, imwe muri iyi mabanga ishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe cyangwa gutinza itangira ry’ibimenyetso. Kugira icyo ukora hakiri kare igihe ibimenyetso bigaragara bwa mbere bishobora kandi gukumira ko iyi ndwara iba ikomeye.

Gucunga umunaniro neza mu buzima bwawe bwose bishobora kugufasha kurinda ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Ibi birimo guteza imbere uburyo bwo guhangana neza, kugumana imibanire myiza, no gushaka ubufasha mu bihe bikomeye. Umunaniro uhoraho ushobora gutera OCD mu bantu bafite ubusembwa.

Kumenya ibijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no kumenya ibimenyetso by’ibanze bishobora gutuma ubuvuzi buhita butangira. Niba ubona ibitekerezo bidakira neza cyangwa imyitwarire yo kwirinda ikomeza, kubikemura hakiri kare kenshi bitanga umusaruro kurusha gutegereza ko ibimenyetso bikomeye.

Kwirinda ibiyobyabwenge bishobora kongera imihangayiko, nka kafeyin nyinshi cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge byo kwishima, bishobora kugufasha kurinda ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Nubwo ibiyobyabwenge bitateza OCD, bishobora kongera urwego rw’imihangayiko kandi bikaba byatuma ibimenyetso bigaragara ku bantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kubirwara.

Niba ufite amateka yo mu muryango wa OCD cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe, kuguma ufite aho uhurira n’ibigo byita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe bishobora kugira akamaro. Ibi ntibisobanura kubaho mu bwoba, ahubwo ni ukumenya no kwitegura gushaka ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa.

Uburwayi bwo guhora uhangayitse (OCD) bumenyekana gute?

Kumenya uburwayi bwa OCD bikubiyemo isuzuma rirambuye rikorwa n’umuhanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe, akenshi aba ari umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe, umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze, cyangwa umujyanama w’inzobere. Nta kizami cy’amaraso cyangwa isesengura ry’ubwonko rishobora kumenya uburwayi bwa OCD, bityo uburyo bwo kubumenya bushingiye ku kuganira ku bimenyetso byawe n’ibyo uhuye na byo.

Umuganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo birambuye ku bitekerezo byawe n’imyitwarire yawe, harimo igihe umaze ufite ibimenyetso, igihe bifata, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Azashaka gusobanukirwa imiterere yihariye y’ibyo uhangayikishwa nabyo n’ibyo ukora kugira ngo ubikureho.

Uburyo bwo kubimenya burimo gukuraho izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa. Indwara z’imihangayiko, kwiheba, indwara zo mu bwonko, cyangwa zimwe mu ndwara zishobora rimwe na rimwe kuvurwa nk’uburwayi bwa OCD. Umuganga wawe ashobora kubaza amateka yawe y’ubuzima n’imiti ukoresha ubu.

Ibibazo byateguwe nk’urwego rwa Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) bifasha gusuzuma uburemere bw’ibimenyetso no gukurikirana iterambere igihe kirekire. Ibi bikoresho bitanga uburyo buteguye bwo gusuzuma ibyo uhuye na byo no gukurikirana uko kuvurwa kugenda.

Umuganga wawe ashobora kandi gusuzuma izindi ndwara zifitanye isano na OCD, nko kwiheba, indwara z’imihangayiko, cyangwa indwara z’imitsi. Iyi nama irambuye ifasha gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikwiranye n’umwanya wawe.

Ubuvuzi bw’uburwayi bwo guhora uhangayitse (OCD) ni iki?

Ubuvuzi bugira ingaruka kuri OCD buraboneka, kandi abantu benshi bagaragaza iterambere rihambaye bafashwe neza. Ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo ubuvuzi bw’imitekerereze, imiti, cyangwa byombi, bitewe n’ibimenyetso byawe n’ibyo ukunda.

Guhura n’ikibazo no kubikumira (ERP) bifatwa nk’ubuvuzi bwiza cyane kuri OCD. Ubu bwoko bw’ubuvuzi bw’imitekerereze no kwifata bugizwe no kwerekana buhoro buhoro ibintu bitera ubwoba, mugihe ugenda wiga kwirinda gukora ibikorwa byo kwirinda. Byumvikana bibi, ariko bikorwa buhoro buhoro ufashe n’umuganga.

ERP ikora ifasha ubwonko bwawe kumenya ko ingaruka z’ubwoba zidatuma utakora ibikorwa byo kwirinda bitabaho. Mu gihe, ibi bigabanya imihangayiko ifitanye isano n’ibitekerezo byo kwishora mu bintu kandi bikarwanya ingaruka za OCD. Abantu benshi babona iterambere mu gihe cy’ibyiciro 12-20 by’ubuvuzi.

Imiti ishobora gufasha cyane mu gucunga ibimenyetso bya OCD, cyane cyane imiti igabanya serotonin (SSRIs). Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye kuri OCD ugereranije no guhangayika, ikunda gusaba umwanya munini kugira ngo igaragaze ingaruka. Ibintu bisanzwe birimo fluoxetine, sertraline, na clomipramine.

Ingaruka z’imiti zisanzwe zigaragara nyuma y’ibyumweru 6-12 ikoreshwa buri gihe. Muganga wawe azatangira agabanya umwanya hanyuma akagenda ayongera bitewe n’uburyo ubikira n’ingaruka mbi. Kubona imiti ikwiye n’umwanya bishobora gutwara igihe, bityo kwihangana ni ingenzi.

Kuri OCD ikomeye idakira ubuvuzi busanzwe, hari ubundi buryo buhari. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gahunda z’ubuvuzi bwo hanze, ubuvuzi mu bitaro, cyangwa mu bihe bidasanzwe, ibikorwa nk’ubuvuzi bw’ubwonko. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bakira neza ubuvuzi bwa mbere.

Guhuza imiti n’ubuvuzi busanzwe bikunze gutanga umusaruro mwiza, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite OCD yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye. Itsinda ry’abaganga bazakorana nawe kugira ngo bagutegure gahunda ihuye n’ibimenyetso byawe, imibereho yawe, n’ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo bwo guhangana na Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) iwawe?

Nubwo kuvurwa n’inzobere ari ingenzi kuri OCD, hari uburyo butandukanye bushobora gufasha gukira no guhangana n’ibimenyetso hagati y’ibyiciro by’ubuvuzi. Ibi bintu bikora neza hamwe n’ubuvuzi bw’inzobere, bitari aho gukoresha ubuvuzi bw’inzobere.

Kora imyitozo yo kwiyumvisha no gutekereza kugira ngo ugire imibanire itandukanye n’ibitekerezo byawe. Uburyo nko guhumeka neza cyangwa gusuzuma umubiri bishobora kugufasha kubona ibitekerezo bidakwiye guhita ukora ibikorwa byo kwirinda. App nka Headspace cyangwa Calm zigira imyitozo y’ubuyobozi ku bantu bafite imihangayiko.

Shyiraho gahunda zisanzwe zidafite aho zihuriye n’ibimenyetso bya OCD. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo igihe cyo kurya, gahunda zo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa gahunda zo kuryama zituma ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe bugenda neza. Gahunda ishobora gutanga umutekano mu gihe ukora ku kugabanya imyitwarire ifitanye isano na OCD.

Kora itsinda ry’abantu bagufasha uhuze n’incuti zawe, abo mu muryango, cyangwa amatsinda y’abantu bafite ikibazo kimwe. Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cya OCD gitanga amatsinda y’ubufasha kuri internet aho ushobora guhura n’abandi bantu bumva ibyo uhanganye na byo. Gusangira ibibazo byawe bishobora kugabanya ibyiyumvo byo kwigunga.

Komeza ibitabo by’ibimenyetso kugira ngo ukurikirire imiterere y’ibitekerezo byawe n’ibikorwa byo kwirinda. Andika icyateye ibyo bimenyetso, igihe byamaze, n’icyo cyabafashije cyangwa icyabibangamira. Aya makuru ashobora kuba afite akamaro ku itsinda ry’abaganga bakuvura kandi akagufasha kumenya aho ugeze.

Gabanya imyitwarire yo gushaka ubwizigame, nubwo bigaragara ko bitari byo. Gusaba abandi kenshi ko baguhamya ko byose biri neza bikunze kongera imiterere ya OCD. Ahubwo, menya kwihanganira kutumva neza ibintu no kwiringira icyemezo cyawe cya mbere ku biheruka.

Komeza ubuzima bwiza bw’umubiri binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri, ibitotsi bihagije, n’imirire ikwiye. Ibi by’ibanze bishyigikira ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo mu mutwe kandi bishobora kunoza ubushobozi bwawe bwo guhangana n’ibimenyetso bya OCD. Imyitozo ngororamubiri, by’umwihariko, ishobora kugabanya imihangayiko no kunoza imimerere.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko rwawe bishobora gufasha guhamya ko ubonye byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’umuvuzi wawe. Gukusanya amakuru mbere bituma habaho ikiganiro cyiza cyerekeye ibimenyetso byawe n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Andika ibitekerezo byawe byihariye n’ibikorwa byawe, harimo n’ingero z’ibitekerezo bidutse n’imyitwarire yumva ugomba gukora. Fata mo ibintu bijyanye n’igihe umaze ufite ibyo bimenyetso n’igihe bifata buri munsi. Aya makuru arambuye afasha umuvuzi wawe kumva uko wumva.

Kora urutonde rw’ibimenyetso byawe mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, niba bishoboka. Bandika igihe ibimenyetso biba bibi cyangwa byiza, icyabiteye, n’uko bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi. Aya makuru y’imiterere ashobora kugira akamaro mu gupima no gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura.

Tanga urutonde rw’imiti yose ukoresha ubu, harimo imiti yo mu maduka, ibinyobwa, n’imiti y’ibimera. Bimwe mu bintu bishobora guhangana n’imiti ya OCD cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku bimenyetso, bityo amakuru arambuye akaba ari ingenzi mu kuvura neza.

Tegura ibibazo bijyanye na OCD, uburyo bwo kuvura, n’icyo witeze mu gihe cyo gukira. Ushobora kubaza ibyerekeye uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura, ingaruka mbi z’imiti, cyangwa igihe kuvura bisanzwe bifata. Kugira ibibazo byanditswe bizatuma utazibagirwa impungenge z’ingenzi mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango w’umuntu wizewe kugira ngo aguhe inkunga kandi aguhe ubufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’uruzinduko. Bashobora kandi gutanga ibitekerezo by’agaciro ku buryo ibimenyetso byawe bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi n’imibanire.

Ni iki gikomeye wakura mu byerekeye Indwara yo guhora uhangayikishijwe no gukora ibintu runaka (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)?

OCD ni indwara ivurwa, si intege nke y’umuntu cyangwa ikosa rya kamere. Ibitekerezo bidutera ubwoba n’imyitwarire yo guhora dukora ibintu runaka mubona ni ibimenyetso by’indwara yo mu bwonko ivurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye.

Kuvurwa indwara ya OCD bishoboka hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bw’ubuvuzi, imiti, n’ubufasha. Abantu benshi bitabira ubuvuzi bagaragaza iterambere rihambaye mu bimenyetso byabo no mu mibereho yabo. Ikintu gikomeye ni ukubona abaganga babishoboye no gukomeza kwiyemeza gukurikiza uburyo bw’ubuvuzi.

Ntiwiteze ko uzaba wenyine ufite OCD. Ubufasha bw’umwuga, hamwe n’ingamba zo kwita ku buzima bwawe bwite n’ubufasha bw’abandi, bishobora kugufasha gusubirana ubutegetsi ku buzima bwawe. Intambwe ya mbere yo gushaka ubufasha niyo ikomeye kurusha izindi, ariko kandi niyo ikomeye kurusha izindi.

Wibuke ko gutera imbere mu kuvura OCD ntibihora bigenda neza. Ushobora kugira iminsi myiza n’iminsi igoranye, kandi ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Ikintu gikomeye ni iterambere rusange no kwiyemeza gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bakuvura.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku bijyanye n’indwara yo guhora uhangayikishijwe no gukora ibintu runaka (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

OCD ishobora gushira ubwayo idakuwe?

OCD ntabwo ikunda gukira burundu idakuwe. Nubwo ibimenyetso bishobora guhinduka uko igihe gihita, bikaba byiza cyangwa bibi mu bihe bitandukanye, indwara ubwayo ikomeza kubaho. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bigira ingaruka nziza kandi bishobora kubuza ibimenyetso kuba bibi cyangwa bigorana uko igihe gihita.

OCD isa nko kuba umuntu ushaka ubutunganye cyangwa ufite isuku?

Oya, OCD ni ikintu kirenze kuba umuntu ushaka ubutunganye cyangwa ufite isuku. Mu gihe abashaka ubutunganye bahitamo ibyo bipimo byabo kandi bakishima iyo ibintu bikozwe neza, abantu bafite OCD bumva bashukashukanywa n’impungenge n’agahinda kugira ngo bakore imyitwarire bakunze kumenya ko ari myinshi. Itandukaniro rikomeye ni urwego rw’agahinda n’ubumuga mu mikorere ya buri munsi.

Abana bashobora kugira OCD, kandi itandukaniye he n'iya bakuru?

Yego, abana bashobora kugira OCD, akenshi ibimenyetso bigaragara hagati y'imyaka 7-12. Mu bana, ibimenyetso bishobora kuba harimo impungenge zikabije z'uko hari ikibi gishobora guhura n'abagize umuryango, ibibazo byisubiramo bishaka kwizera, cyangwa imihango y'igihe cyo kuryama igoye. Abana bashobora kutabona ko ibyo batekereza bidakwiye, bituma ubufasha bw'umuryango n'ubw'umwuga biba ingenzi cyane.

Nzagomba gufata imiti ya OCD ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Si ngombwa. Bamwe barabasha guhangana na OCD yabo hifashishijwe ubuvuzi bwonyine, naho abandi bagira akamaro k'imiti igihe kitandukanye. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo agufashe gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku bimenyetso byawe, uko ufashe imiti, n'ibyo ukunda. Abantu benshi amaherezo bagabanya cyangwa bahagarara gufata imiti mu gihe bakomeza ubumenyi bwabo mu buvuzi.

Nakwimenya gute niba ibyo ntekereza ari OCD cyangwa niba ngomba kubyitaho koko?

Ibyo abantu bafite OCD batekereza akenshi biba bisubiramo, byinjira mu bwenge, kandi biterwa n'akababaro gakomeye nubwo ugerageza kubyirengagiza cyangwa kubikumira. Akenshi biba bijyanye n'ibintu bidashoboka cyangwa binyuranye n'amahame yawe. Impungenge zisanzwe, nubwo rimwe na rimwe zikomeza, akenshi ziba zijyanye n'ibibazo bifatika kandi ntizigutera gukora imirimo isubiramo. Niba utari wumva neza, umuhanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe ashobora kugufasha gutandukanya impungenge zisanzwe n'ibimenyetso bya OCD.