Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis ni ubwandu mu gice cy'igitugu. Ishobora kwibasira igice kimwe cyangwa ibindi byinshi by'igitugu. Ubwandu bushobora kugera ku gice cy'igitugu binyuze mu maraso cyangwa mu tundi duce twanduye turi hafi. Ubwandu kandi bushobora gutangira mu gice cy'igitugu niba ikibazo cy'imvune cyakinguye igice cy'igitugu ku mikiro.

Abantu barunda itabi n'abafite ibibazo by'ubuzima bya buri gihe, nka diyabete cyangwa ikibazo cy'impyiko, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa na osteomyelitis. Abantu barwaye diyabete bafite udukoko mu birenge bashobora kwibasirwa na osteomyelitis mu magufwa y'ibirenge byabo.

Abantu benshi barwaye osteomyelitis bakenera kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho ibice by'igitugu byanduye. Nyuma y'ubuganga, akenshi abantu bakenera imiti ikomeye yica mikorobe iterwa mu mutsi.

Ibimenyetso bya osteomyelitis bishobora kuba birimo: Kubyimba, ubushyuhe n'ububabare ahantu habaye ubwandu. Ububabare hafi y'aho habaye ubwandu. Kwumva unaniwe. Urufuri. Rimwe na rimwe osteomyelitis ntabimenyetso itera. Iyo itera ibimenyetso, bishobora kumera nk'ibimenyetso by'izindi ndwara. Ibi bishobora kuba by'ukuri ku bana bato, abakuze n'abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke. Reba umuganga wawe niba ufite umuriro n'ububabare bw'igitugu buri kwiyongera. Abantu bafite ibyago byo kwandura kubera uburwayi, kubagwa vuba cyangwa imvune bagomba kujya kwa muganga ako kanya niba bafite ibimenyetso by'ubwandu.

Jya kwa muganga niba ufite umuriro n'ububabare bw'amagufa buri kwiyongera. Abantu bafite ibyago byo kwandura indwara kubera uburwayi, cyangwa kubera ibyago byo kubagwa cyangwa imvune bagomba kujya kwa muganga ako kanya niba bafite ibimenyetso by'indwara.

Akenshi, udukoko twa Staphylococcus ni two tuba intandaro y'osteomyelitis. Aya mubu ni mikorobe iba ku ruhu cyangwa mu mazuru ya buri wese.

Mikorobe ishobora kwinjira mu gice cy'igitugu binyuze muri:

• Uruhu rw'amaraso. Mikorobe iba mu bice by'umubiri wawe ishobora gutembera mu maraso ikagera ku gice cy'igitugu cyahenze. Urugero, mikorobe ishobora kuza mu ndwara y'ibihaha cyangwa mu gihe cy'indwara y'inzira y'umusemburo mu kibuno.
• Imvune. Ibikomere byatewe n'ibintu byatoboye bishobora gutwara mikorobe mu mubiri. Niba ubwo burwayi bwanduye, mikorobe ishobora gukwirakwira mu gice cy'igitugu kiri hafi. Mikorobe kandi ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri mu gihe igice cy'igitugu cyamenetse kigaragara hanze.
• Ubuganga. Mikorobe ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri ikagera ku magufa mu gihe cy'ubuganga bwo gusimbuza ingingo cyangwa gukosora amagufa yamenetse.

Amagufa mazima arwanya ubwandu. Ariko amagufa aba adafite imbaraga zo kurwanya ubwandu uko umuntu akura. Uretse ibikomere n'abaganga, ibindi bintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura osteomyelitis birimo: Indwara zigabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ibi birimo diabete idakurikiranwa neza. Indwara z'imitsi yo mu ntoki. Iyi ni indwara imitsi yagabanutse ituma amaraso adatembera neza mu ntoki cyangwa mu birenge. Indwara ya sickle cell. Iyi ndwara irazimana mu muryango, bivugwa ko ari iy'umuryango. Indwara ya sickle cell igira ingaruka ku buryo utubuto tw'amaraso dutukura dukozwe, igahagarara amaraso atambuka. Dialysis n'ibindi bikorwa bikoresha imiyoboro y'abaganga. Dialysis ikoresha imiyoboro yo gukuraho imyanda mu mubiri igihe impyiko zitakora neza. Iyo mihombo ishobora gutwara mikorobe iva hanze y'umubiri ijya imbere. Ibikomere biterwa n'umuvuduko. Abantu batabasha kumva umuvuduko cyangwa abaguma mu mwanya umwe igihe kirekire bashobora kubona ibisebe ku ruhu aho umuvuduko uri. Ibyo bisebe bitwa ibikomere biterwa n'umuvuduko. Iyo ikibisebe gihari igihe runaka, igufwa riri munsi ya cyo rishobora kwandura. Ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe binyinjijwe mu mubiri hakoreshejwe inshinge. Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe binyinjijwe mu mubiri hakoreshejwe inshinge bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura osteomyelitis. Ibi ni ukuri iyo bakoresha inshinge zidafite ubuganga kandi badasukura uruhu mbere yo gukoresha inshinge.

Ingaruka za Osteomyelitis zishobora kuba:

• Urupfu rw'igugu, bita osteonecrosis. Ubwandu mu gugu rwashobora kubuza amaraso kugera mu gugu, bigatuma urupfu rw'igugu. Niba ufite ahantu igugu cyapfuye, ukeneye kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho umubiri wapfuye kugira ngo antibiyotike zigire akamaro.
• Septic arthritis. Ubwandu mu magugu bushobora gukwirakwira mu gice cy'umubiri hafi yacyo.
• Ukuzimangana k'ubukure. Osteomyelitis ishobora kugira ingaruka ku gukura kw'amagufa mu bana. Ibi ni ukuri niba osteomyelitis iri mu bice byoroshye, bita growth plates, ku mpande zombi z'amagufa maremare y'amaboko n'amaguru.
• Osteomyelitis iramara igihe kirekire, bita chronic osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis idakira iyo ivuwe ishobora kuba chronic osteomyelitis.

Niba ufite ibyago byiyongereye byo kwandura, ganira n'umuganga wawe ku buryo bwo kwirinda kwandura. Kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura bizagabanya ibyago bya osteomyelitis.Witondere kudakomeretsa, kwangiza, no gukomeretswa n'inyamaswa cyangwa kurumwa. Ibi biha mikorobe uburyo bwo kwinjira mu mubiri wawe. Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe yakomeretse gato, kora isuku muri ako gace ako kanya. Shiraho igipfukisho cyiza. Jya usuzume ibikomere kenshi kugira ngo urebe niba hari ibimenyetso byo kwandura.

Umuhanga wawe mu by'ubuzima ashobora gusuzuma agace kari hafi y'igice cyangiritse cy'igitugu kugira ngo arebe niba hari ububabare, kubyimba cyangwa ubushyuhe. Niba ufite ikibyimba ku kirenge, umuhanga wawe mu by'ubuzima ashobora gukoresha igikoresho kidakomeretsa kugira ngo arebe umwanya ikibyimba kiri hafi y'igitugu kiri munsi ya cyo.

Ushobora kandi gukora ibizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane osteomyelitis ndetse n'ubwoko bw'imikoro itera iyo ndwara. Ibizamini bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini by'amaraso, ibizamini by'amashusho n'icyitegererezo cy'igitugu.

Ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora kwerekana umubare munini w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yera n'ibindi bimenyetso mu maraso bishobora kugaragaza ko umubiri wawe urwanya ubwandu. Ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora kandi kwerekana ubwoko bw'imikoro yateye ubwandu.

Nta kizami cy'amaraso gishobora kugaragaza niba ufite osteomyelitis. Ariko ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora gufasha umuhanga wawe mu by'ubuzima gufata umwanzuro w'ibindi bizamini n'ibikorwa ushobora gukenera.

• Ama rayons X. Ama rayons X ashobora kwerekana iyangirika ry'igitugu. Ariko iyangirika rishobora kutagaragara kuri rayons X kugeza osteomyelitis imaze ibyumweru. Ushobora gukenera ibizamini by'amashusho birambuye kurushaho niba ubwandu bwawe ari bushya.
• MRI scan. Ukoresheje amajwi ya radiyo n'ikinyabiziga gikomeye cya magnetique, MRI scan ishobora gukora amashusho arambuye y'amagufa n'imiterere yoroheje iri hafi yayo.
• CT scan. Iyi scan ifatanya amashusho ya rayons X afashwe aturutse ku mpande nyinshi kugira ngo ibone uburyo bw'imbere bw'umubiri. Ushobora gukora CT scan niba udashobora gukora MRI.
• Bone scan. Iki kizami cy'amashusho ya nukleyeri gikoresha ibintu bike bya radioactive, bizwi nka radioactive tracers, kamera yihariye ishobora kubona radioactivity na mudasobwa. Uturambuye n'imiterere byanduye bifata tracer kugira ngo ubwandu bugaragare kuri scan.

Icyitegererezo cy'igitugu gishobora kwerekana ubwoko bw'imikoro yanduye igitugu cyawe. Kumenya ubwoko bw'imikoro bifasha umuhanga wawe mu by'ubuzima guhitamo antibiotique ikora neza ku bwoko bw'ubwandu ufite.

Kugira ngo hakorwe biopsie ifunguye, urasubizwa mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi hakoreshejwe imiti yitwa anesthésie générale. Hanyuma ugira opératio kugira ngo ubone igitugu kugira ngo ufashe icyitegererezo.

Kugira ngo hakorwe biopsie ikoresheje igishishwa, umuganga ashyira igishishwa kirekire mu ruhu rwawe no mu gice cyawe cy'igitugu kugira ngo afate icyitegererezo. Iyi nzira ikoresha imiti yo kubabara aho igishishwa cyinjijwe. Imiti yitwa anesthésie locale. Umuganga ashobora gukoresha rayons X cyangwa izindi scan z'amashusho kugira ngo ayobore igishishwa.