Ese ni Kanseri ya Pancreas? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Ubuvuzi

Kanseri ya pancreas ibaho iyo uturemangingo two muri pancreas yawe twiyongera mu buryo butagira ikoze bikaba bigatera uburibwe. Pancreas yawe ni umwanya muto uri inyuma y’igifu cyawe ufasha mu gushobora ibiryo no kugenzura isukari mu maraso. Nubwo iyi ndwara ishobora kuguha ikibazo, gusobanukirwa amakuru kuri kanseri ya pancreas bishobora kugufasha kumva uriteguye kandi uzi ibyo ugomba gukora.

Ese ni Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Kanseri ya pancreas iterwa n’uko uturemangingo dusanzwe muri pancreas yawe bihinduka kandi bikavuka mu buryo butagira ikoze. Pancreas ifite imirimo ibiri y’ingenzi mu mubiri wawe. Ikora enzymes zifasha mu gushobora ibiryo kandi ikora imisemburo nka insuline igenzura isukari mu maraso.

Kanseri nyinshi za pancreas zitangira mu turemangingo dukingira inzira zinyuramo enzymes zifasha mu gushobora ibiryo. Izi zitwa adenocarcinomas zigize hafi 95% bya kanseri zose za pancreas. Izindi zisigaye ziterwa n’uturemangingo dukora imisemburo, bizwi nka neuroendocrine tumors.

Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri bukunze kwitwa indwara “y’ibanga” kuko ibimenyetso bikunze kutaboneka kugeza igihe kanseri yiyongereye cyangwa ikwirakwira. Niyo mpamvu abantu benshi batamenya ko bayifite mu ntangiriro, igihe ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bufite akamaro cyane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Kanseri ya pancreas mu ntangiriro akenshi ntabimenyetso byumvikana itera, bituma bigorana kuyibona. Iyo ibimenyetso byabonetse, bishobora kuba bito kandi byoroshye kubitiranya n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima bisanzwe.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Ububabare buhoraho mu nda bushobora kugera ku mugongo wawe
• Gutakaza ibiro bitatewe no kugerageza kugabanya ibiro
• Gutakaza ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa kumva wuzuye vuba ugiye kurya
• Ibara ry’uruhu n’amaso (jaundice)
• Inkari z’umukara n’amatagisi yera cyangwa y’umuhondo
• Diabete nshya cyangwa kugenda nabi kw’isukari mu maraso
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Uburwayi n’intege nke

Bamwe mu bantu bagira kandi ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nko gukomera kw’amaraso mu birenge, agahinda, cyangwa kumva wuzuye mu gice cy’imbere cy’inda. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza no kugenda cyangwa bigakomeza gukura buhoro buhoro.

Wibuke ko kugira ibi bimenyetso bidakubwira ko ufite kanseri ya pancreas. Ibindi bibazo byinshi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk’ibyo, niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi kuvugana na muganga wawe ku mpinduka zose uhora ubona.

Ni ibihe bwoko bwa Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bwa kanseri ya pancreas, kandi bitwara mu buryo butandukanye. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko ufite bifasha itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kwita kuri we.

Uburibwe bwa Exocrine bugize igice kinini cya kanseri za pancreas. Icyakunze kugaragara ni adenocarcinoma ya pancreas, itangira mu turemangingo dukingira inzira zinyuramo mu pancreas. Ibi bintu bikura kandi bikwirakwira vuba kurusha ibindi bwoko.

Uburibwe bwa Endocrine, buzwi kandi nka pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors cyangwa PNETs, ni buke cyane. Ibi biterwa n’uturemangingo dukora imisemburo muri pancreas yawe. Akenshi bikura buhoro kandi bishobora kugira ibyiringiro byiza kurusha uburibwe bwa exocrine.

Muri ibyo bice by’ingenzi, hari ubwoko butandukanye muganga wawe ashobora kumenya binyuze mu bipimo. Buri bwoko bushobora kugira imico n’uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye gato, niyo mpamvu kubona ubuvuzi nyakuri ari ingenzi cyane.

Ni iki giterwa na Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Impamvu nyakuri ya kanseri ya pancreas ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe. Ibyinshi muri byo biterwa n’ihinduka ry’imiterere y’umubiri n’ibintu by’ibidukikije mu gihe kinini.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera kanseri ya pancreas:

• Impinduka z’imiterere y’umubiri zishobora kuvanwa mu miryango cyangwa zikavuka mu gihe cy’ubuzima bwawe
• Kubabara kenshi kwa pancreas (pancreatitis)
• Kunywisha itabi igihe kirekire, bikubira ibyago bibiri
• Kunywisha inzoga nyinshi imyaka myinshi
• Kumenyekana na chimique zimwe na zimwe ku kazi
• Kwandura na bagiteri ya Helicobacter pylori
• Kwandura virusi ya Hepatitis B

Imyaka ikina uruhare runini, kuko abantu benshi babimenya bafite imyaka irenga 65. Ibyago byawe byiyongera kandi ufite diabete, cyane cyane iyo igaragaye mu buryo butunguranye mu myaka y’ubukure, cyangwa ufite ibiro byinshi.

Ni ingenzi kumenya ko kugira ibyago bidakubwira ko uzagira kanseri ya pancreas. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi ntibabona iyo ndwara, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bizwi bayibona.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibimenyetso bya Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye bikubangamiye, cyane cyane niba byamaze ibyumweru birenga bike. Gusuzuma hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kumenya icyabiteye no kugira amahoro mu mutima cyangwa kuvurwa hakiri kare niba bikenewe.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ubona ibara ry’uruhu cyangwa amaso, kuko bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo gikenewe kuvurwa vuba. Gutangira kwa diabete mu buryo butunguranye mu bantu bakuru barengeje 50, cyane cyane bifatanije no gutakaza ibiro, bisaba kandi isuzuma ryimbitse.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu nda budakira n’ikiruhuko cyangwa imiti idasaba ubuganga. Kimwe n’ibyo, gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe birenga ibiro 5 (kg) utabishaka bigomba gutuma ujya kwa muganga.

Gira icyizere icyo umubiri wawe ukubwira. Niba hari ikintu kidakubereye cyangwa kitameze neza, bihora ari byiza kubimenya. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba ibimenyetso byawe bikeneye ibindi bisobanuro cyangwa niba bifitanye isano n’ikintu kitakomeye.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwawe, nubwo ari ingenzi kwibuka ko kugira ibyago bidakubwira ko uzagira kanseri. Hari ibyago ushobora kugenzura, mu gihe ibindi utabishobora.

Ibyago udashobora guhindura birimo:

• Imyaka (ikunze kugaragara nyuma y’imyaka 65, buke mbere y’imyaka 40)
• Igitsina (ikunze kugaragara mu bagabo)
• Ubwoko bw’uruhu (igipimo cyo hejuru mu Banyamerika b’Abirabura)
• Amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri ya pancreas
• Indwara z’imiterere y’umubiri nk’impinduka za BRCA2
• Pancreatitis idakira cyangwa pancreatitis ivuka mu miryango

Ibyago ushobora kugira uruhare mu guhindura birimo kunywisha itabi, ari cyo kintu gikomeye cyane gishobora guhinduka. Kunywisha inzoga nyinshi, umubyibuho ukabije, no kumenyekana na chimique zimwe na zimwe ku kazi byongera ibyago byawe.

Kugira diabete, cyane cyane diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 itangira mu buryo butunguranye mu myaka y’ubukure, bishobora kandi gufitanye isano n’ibyago bya kanseri ya pancreas. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko abantu bafite diabete bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi kanseri.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Kanseri ya pancreas ishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye uko igenda ikura, ariko gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha wowe n’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga kubitegura no kubigenzura neza. Si buri wese uzagira ibyo bibazo byose.

Ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kuba birimo:

• Ikibazo cy’inzira y’umusemburo utuma haba ibara ry’uruhu n’uburyohe
• Ikibazo cy’amara kigira ingaruka ku gushobora ibiryo no ku mirire
• Amaraso akomera mu birenge cyangwa mu mpyiko
• Diabete iterwa n’uko uturemangingo dukora insuline byangirika
• Ibibazo byo gushobora ibiryo no kutagira imirire ihagije
• Ububabare buterwa no gukura kw’uburibwe cyangwa kugira ingaruka ku mitsi
• Amazi yiyongera mu nda

Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rishobora gufasha gucunga ibyo bibazo binyuze mu buvuzi butandukanye. Urugero, bashobora gushyiraho stent kugira ngo bagufungurire inzira z’umusemburo zifunze cyangwa baguha imiti ifasha mu gushobora ibiryo.

Ibyinshi muri ibyo bibazo bishobora kuvurwa cyangwa bigacungwa neza, niyo mpamvu kuguma ufite umubano mwiza n’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga ari ingenzi cyane. Bakunze gukumira ibibazo cyangwa kubibona hakiri kare iyo byoroshye kubikemura.

Ese Kanseri ya Pancreas imenyekana ite?

Kumenya kanseri ya pancreas bisanzwe bisaba intambwe n’ibipimo byinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ibiri kuba mu mubiri wawe. Muganga wawe azatangira avuga ku bimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima, hanyuma akore isuzuma ry’umubiri n’ibipimo.

Ibisanzwe bipimwa mbere birimo gupima amaraso kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso by’uburibwe n’imikorere y’umwijima. Ibipimo by’amashusho nka CT scan cyangwa MRI bishobora kwerekana ingano n’aho uburibwe buri hose. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka gusuzuma inda yawe hakoreshejwe ultrasound nk’intambwe ya mbere.

Ibindi bipimo byihariye bishobora kuba birimo endoscopic ultrasound, aho imiyoboro yoroheje ifite kamera inyura mu kanwa kawe kugira ngo ibone amashusho arambuye ya pancreas yawe. Iyi nzira ishobora kandi gukusanya ibice by’umubiri kugira ngo bipimwe.

Gupima ibice by’umubiri bisanzwe bikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara kandi hamenyekane ubwoko bwa kanseri. Ibi bisobanura gufata igice gito cy’umubiri kugira ngo gipimwe hakoreshejwe mikoroskopi. Ibyavuye muri ibyo bipimo bifasha itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ni iki kivura Kanseri ya Pancreas?

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ya pancreas biterwa n’ibintu byinshi, birimo icyiciro cya kanseri, ubuzima bwawe rusange, n’ibyo ukunda. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakorana nawe kugira ngo bategurire gahunda ikubereye.

Kubaga bishobora kuba bishoboka niba kanseri itarakwirakwira hanze ya pancreas. Uburyo bwakunze gukoreshwa bwitwa Whipple procedure, aho igice cya pancreas hamwe n’ibice by’imbere bikurwaho. Kugira ngo ubeho nyuma y’iyi mibaga bisanzwe bifata ibyumweru byinshi.

Chemotherapy ikoresha imiti yo kwica uturemangingo twa kanseri kandi ikunze kugeragezwa mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubaga, cyangwa nk’ubuvuzi nyamukuru iyo kubaga bitashoboka. Iyi miti ishobora gutangwa binyuze mu mitsi cyangwa nk’imiti unywa iwawe.

Radiotherapy ikoresha imirasire ifite imbaraga nyinshi yo kurimbura uturemangingo twa kanseri kandi ishobora gufatanywa na chemotherapy. Bamwe mu bantu bagira inyungu mu buvuzi bushya nka immunotherapy cyangwa imiti yibanda ku turemangingo twa kanseri ikora mu buryo bwihariye.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvura ishobora kuba irimo guhuza ibyo buryo. Oncologiste yawe azasobanura inyungu zishoboka n’ingaruka mbi za buri buryo kugira ngo ubashe gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buvuzi bwawe.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe iwawe mugihe ufite Kanseri ya Pancreas

Kwita ku buzima bwawe iwawe mugihe ufite kanseri ya pancreas bisobanura kwita ku buzima bwawe rusange mugihe ukurikiza inama z’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga. Intambwe nto zishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kuntu wumva buri munsi.

Fata neza imirire yawe unywa ibiryo bike, bikunze kurya byoroshye gushobora. Ushobora kuba ukeneye gufata imiti ifasha mu gushobora ibiryo hamwe n’ibiryo kugira ngo bifashe mu gushobora ibiryo neza. Komera amazi kandi utekereze gukorana n’umuhanga mu mirire usobanukiwe ubuvuzi bwa kanseri.

Gucunga ububabare ni ingenzi ku mibereho yawe. Fata imiti y’ububabare yagenewe nk’uko byategetswe kandi ntutegereze ko ububabare bukura.

Komeza ukore ibintu byoroshye nko kugenda mu gihe gito kugira ngo ugumane imbaraga n’umutima mwiza igihe wumva ubishoboye. Kora ibintu byoroshye nko kugenda mu gihe gito kugira ngo ugumane imbaraga n’umutima mwiza igihe wumva ubishoboye.

Komeza ukore ibintu byoroshye nko kugenda mu gihe gito kugira ngo ugumane imbaraga n’umutima mwiza igihe wumva ubishoboye.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitoza gusura muganga wawe bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe hamwe n’umuganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse mu gihe.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose, amavitamini, n’ibindi byongerwamo ukoresha. Harimo umwanya n’igihe ubikoresha. Nanone, kora urutonde rw’ibyemezo byose by’ubuvuzi cyangwa ibyavuye mu bipimo by’abandi baganga.

Tegura urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubabaza. Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ishobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe. Ni ingenzi kandi kuzana ikaye kugira ngo wandike ibintu by’ingenzi.

Tekereza ku mateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango wawe, cyane cyane abavandimwe bafite kanseri. Aya makuru ashobora kuba afite akamaro kuri muganga wawe mu isuzuma no gutegura ubuvuzi.

Icyingenzi cyo Kumenya kuri Kanseri ya Pancreas

Kanseri ya pancreas ni indwara ikomeye isaba ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba kandi ubuvuzi burambuye. Nubwo bigoye kuyibona hakiri kare, iterambere mu buvuzi riha ibyiringiro n’amahirwe mashya abantu bahura n’iyi ndwara.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga ririho kugufasha muri buri ntambwe, kuva mu kuvura kugeza ku buvuzi no kure yabyo. Bashobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso n’ingaruka mbi mugihe bakora ubuvuzi bwa kanseri.

Komeza ufite umubano mwiza n’abaganga bawe, babaze ibibazo igihe ukeneye ibisobanuro, kandi ntutinye gushaka ubufasha mu muryango, inshuti, cyangwa amatsinda y’ubufasha. Kugira uruhare mu buvuzi bwawe bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi muri iki gihe gikomeye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa kuri Kanseri ya Pancreas

Q.1 Ese kanseri ya pancreas ikwirakwira vuba?

Kanseri ya pancreas ikura kandi ikwirakwira vuba ugereranyije n’izindi kanseri. Ariko, umuvuduko ushobora gutandukana cyane ukurikije umuntu ku wundi. Uburibwe bumwe bushobora kuguma ahantu hamwe igihe kinini, mu gihe ibindi bikwirakwira vuba. Kubona indwara hakiri kare no kuvurwa ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza, niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi kujya kwa muganga vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso bikubangamiye.

Q.2 Ese kanseri ya pancreas ivuka mu miryango?

Kanseri nyinshi za pancreas ntizivuka mu miryango, ariko hafi 5-10% by’ibintu biva mu miryango. Ushobora kugira ibyago byinshi niba ufite abavandimwe ba hafi bafite kanseri ya pancreas cyangwa niba ufite impinduka zimwe na zimwe z’imiterere y’umubiri nka BRCA2. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango akomeye, tekereza kuvugana n’umujyanama w’imiterere y’umubiri ku byago byawe n’uburyo bwo gusuzuma.

Q.3 Ese kanseri ya pancreas ishobora gukumirwa?

Nubwo udashobora gukumira burundu kanseri ya pancreas, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe ukora ibintu byiza by’ubuzima. Intambwe y’ingenzi ni ukureka kunywisha itabi cyangwa kureka niba ukinywa. Kugira ibiro byiza, kugabanya kunywisha inzoga, no kurya indyo yuzuye bishobora kandi kugabanya ibyago byawe.

Q.4 Ni iki kigereranyo cy’abantu bapfa bazize kanseri ya pancreas?

Ibyago byo gupfa bitandukanye cyane bitewe n’icyiciro cy’indwara igihe yabonetse n’ibintu by’umuntu ku giti cye. Iyo yabonetse hakiri kare kandi kubaga bishoboka, ibyavuye muri byo muri rusange biba byiza. Ariko, kanseri ya pancreas ikunze kuboneka mu bihe bya nyuma. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira icyo ibyo bibazo bisobanura ku mimerere yawe kandi akagufasha gusobanukirwa uko ubuzima bwawe buzaba.

Q.5 Hariho ubuvuzi bushya bwa kanseri ya pancreas?

Yego, abashakashatsi bakomeza guteza imbere ubuvuzi bushya bwa kanseri ya pancreas. Ibi birimo imiti ya immunotherapy, imiti yibanda ku turemangingo twa kanseri ikora ku buryo bwihariye, no guhuza ubuvuzi bushya bumaze igihe. Ibizamini by’ubuvuzi bigerageza kandi uburyo bushya buteganijwe. Oncologiste yawe ashobora kukubwira niba ubuvuzi bushya bushobora kukubereye.