Paraganglioma

Paraganglioma ni ubukoko bw'uturemangingo bushobora kuba ahantu hatandukanye mu mubiri. Ubwo bukoko, twita ikibyimba, bukomoka ku bwoko bw'ingirabuzimafatizo z'imijyana ziboneka mu mubiri wose. Akenshi paraganglioma itangirira mu mutwe, mu ijosi, mu gice cy'igifu cyangwa mu kibuno.

Paraganglioma birare. Kandi akenshi, si kanseri. Iyo ikibyimba kitari kanseri, cyitwa kibyimba cyiza. Rimwe na rimwe paraganglioma iba kanseri. Icyibyimba cya kanseri gishobora gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Akenshi paraganglioma ntabwo ifite intandaro igaragara. Zimwe muri paraganglioma ziterwa n'impinduka za ADN zikomoka ku babyeyi zijya ku bana.

Paraganglioma ishobora kuvuka mu myaka yose. Abaganga bakunze kuyibona mu bantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 20 na 50.

Ubuvuzi bwa paraganglioma busanzwe burimo kubaga kugira ngo bakureho ikibyimba. Niba paraganglioma ari kanseri ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri, hashobora kuba hakenewe ubundi buvuzi.

Ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma bishobora kugaragara bitewe n'aho igihombo gitangiriye. Akenshi paraganglioma itangira mu mutwe, mu ijosi, mu gice cy'igifu cyangwa mu kibuno. Ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma yo mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi bishobora kuba birimo: Ijwi ryumvikana nk'iry'umutima uri gukubita cyangwa nk'umuyaga mu matwi, bita pulsatile tinnitus. Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima. Ijwi ridafite imbaraga. Kubura kumva. Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza. Kuzenguruka. Ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi bishobora kugaragara uko igisebe gikura. Igisebe gishobora gukanda ku zindi nzego ziri hafi. Iyo paraganglioma ibaye ahandi mu mubiri, ibimenyetso birashobora guterwa n'imisemburo paraganglioma ikora. Iyo misemburo, yitwa catecholamines, igira uruhare mu buryo umubiri uhangana n'umunaniro. Irimo adrenaline, izwi kandi nka hormone y'urugamba cyangwa ihunga. Ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma ikora imisemburo birimo: Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru. Kumva ko umutima ukubita cyane, cyangwa ukubita nk'aho uri guhindagurika. Kubura ibara mu maso mu buryo butunguranye. Kunyara ibyuya. Kubabara umutwe. Kujijinganya bidakozwe mu ntoki cyangwa mu maboko. Intege nke rusange. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza no kugenda. Bamwe mu bantu bafite paraganglioma nta bimenyetso bagira. Bashobora kumenya ko bafite ibyo bimenyetso iyo ibizamini byo kubona amafoto byakozwe ku mpamvu zindi bibonye ibyo bimenyetso. Fata umwanya wo kubonana na muganga cyangwa undi muhanga mu buvuzi niba uhangayikishijwe n'ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma. Ibi ni ingenzi niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi bya paraganglioma icyarimwe. Ganira n'umuhanga mu buvuzi ku bijyanye n'uburyo ufite ibyago bya paraganglioma niba ufite umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru bigoye kugenzura. Ibi birimo umuvuduko w'amaraso ukeneye kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti irenga imwe. Kandi, ganira n'umuhanga mu buvuzi niba umuvuduko w'amaraso wawe uhindagurika rimwe na rimwe iyo wowe cyangwa umuhanga mu buvuzi umupima.

Suzuguramo umuganga cyangwa undi mwuga wo kwita ku buzima niba uhangayikishijwe n'ibimenyetso bya paraganglioma. Ibi ni ingenzi niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi bya paraganglioma icyarimwe. Ganira n'umwuga wo kwita ku buzima wawe ku kibazo cyawe cya paraganglioma niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ugora kuyigenzura. Ibi birimo umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ukeneye kuvurwa imiti irenga imwe. Kandi, ganira n'umwuga wo kwita ku buzima wawe niba umuvuduko w'amaraso wawe uzamuka rimwe na rimwe iyo wowe cyangwa umwuga wo kwita ku buzima umupima.

Paraganglioma akenshi ntaba ifite impamvu isobanutse. Rimwe na rimwe izi tumors ziba mu miryango. Zishobora guterwa n'impinduka za ADN zikomoka ku babyeyi zijya ku bana. Ariko abantu benshi bafite paraganglioma nta mateka y'izo tumors mu muryango wabo kandi impamvu ntibizwi. Paraganglioma ni ukura kw'uturemangingo. Ikura mu bwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi twitwa chromaffin cells. Chromaffin cells zigira uruhare runini mu mubiri, harimo no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Paraganglioma itangira iyo chromaffin cells zibonye impinduka muri ADN yazo. ADN y'uturemangingo ifite amabwiriza abwira uturemangingo icyo gukora. Mu turemangingo duzima, ADN itanga amabwiriza yo gukura no kwiyongera ku muvuduko runaka. Amabwiriza kandi abwira uturemangingo gupfa igihe runaka. Mu turemangingo twa paraganglioma, impinduka za ADN zitanga amabwiriza atandukanye. Impinduka zibwira uturemangingo twa paraganglioma gukora utundi turemangingo twinshi vuba. Uturemangingo dukomeza kubaho mu gihe utundi turemangingo duzima twapfa. Ibi bituma habaho ukura kw'uturemangingo twitwa tumor. Paraganglioma nyinshi ziguma aho zatangiye. Ntizahera mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Ariko rimwe na rimwe uturemangingo dushobora gutandukana na paraganglioma ukagenda. Iyo ibi bibayeho, byitwa paraganglioma ya metastasis. Iyo paraganglioma ikwirakwira, ikwirakwira cyane mu mitsi ya lymph hafi. Ishobora kandi gukwirakwira mu mwijima, mu mpyiko no mu magufwa. Paraganglioma ifitanye isano ya hafi n'undi muti udasanzwe witwa pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma ni tumor itangira mu turemangingo twa chromaffin mu mitsi ya adrenal. Imitsi ya adrenal ni imiti ibiri iherereye hejuru y'impyiko.

Ibyago byo kugira paraganglioma biri hejuru mu bantu bafite amateka y'umuryango w'iyi kibyimba. Amwe mu maranganglioma aterwa n'impinduka za ADN zikomoka ku babyeyi bajya ku bana. Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa paraganglioma bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko impinduka zimwe za ADN ziri mu muryango wawe.

Ubundi buzima buterwa n'impinduka za ADN zikomoka ku babyeyi bajya ku bana bizamura ibyago byo kugira paraganglioma. Ibi birimo:

• Indwara nyinshi zikora imisemburo, ubwoko bwa 2. Indwara nyinshi zikora imisemburo, ubwoko bwa 2, bizwi kandi nka MEN 2, zishobora gutera udukoko muri kimwe cyangwa birenga mu mihini ikora imisemburo, harimo umwijima n'umusemburo. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa MEN 2 - ubwoko bwa 2A na 2B. Zombi zongera ibyago byo kugira paraganglioma.
• Indwara ya Von Hippel-Lindau. Indwara ya Von Hippel-Lindau ishobora gutera udukoko n'imyanya y'amazi mu bice byinshi by'umubiri. Aho bishobora kuba harimo ubwonko, umugongo n'impyiko.
• Neurofibromatosis 1. Neurofibromatosis 1 itera udukoko twitwa neurofibromas mu ruhu. Iyi ndwara ishobora kandi gutera udukoko tw'umutsi w'amaso. Umutsi w'amaso ni umutsi uri inyuma y'ijisho uhuza n'ubwonko.
• Indwara zikomoka ku muryango wa paraganglioma. Indwara zikomoka ku muryango wa paraganglioma zishobora gutera pheochromocytomas cyangwa paragangliomas. Abantu bafite izi ndwara bakunze kugira paraganglioma zirenze imwe.
• Carney-Stratakis dyad. Carney-Stratakis dyad itera udukoko tw'umuyoboro w'igogora na paragangliomas.

Ubwoko bwa paraganglioma buganisha ku isuzuma ry'amaraso n'imisarane. Ibi bipimo bishobora gushaka ibimenyetso byerekana ko ibinyabutabire byiyongereye. Ibindi bipimo bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini byo kubona amashusho n'ibizamini bya gene.

Ibizamini by'amaraso n'imisarane bishobora kupima urwego rw'imisemburo mu mubiri. Bishobora kumenya imisemburo yiyongereye ya catecholamine yakozwe na paraganglioma. Cyangwa bishobora kubona andi bimenyetso bya paraganglioma nka poroteyine yitwa chromogranin A.

Umuhanga wawe mu buvuzi ashobora kugutegurira ibizamini byo kubona amashusho niba ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y'umuryango wawe, cyangwa ibizamini by'amaraso n'imisarane bigaragaza ko ushobora kuba ufite paraganglioma. Aya mashusho ashobora kwerekana aho ibinyabutabire biherereye n'ubunini bwabyo. Ashobora kandi gufasha kuyobora uburyo bwo kuvura.

Ibizamini bikurikira byo kubona amashusho bishobora gukoreshwa kuri paraganglioma:

• Magnetic resonance imaging, izwi kandi nka MRI, ikoresha amashusho ya radiyo n'ikinyabiziga cya magnetike kugira ngo ikore amashusho arambuye.
• Computerized tomography scan, izwi kandi nka CT scan, ihuza uburyo bwinshi bw'amashusho ya X-ray yafashwe kuva mu mpande zitandukanye z'umubiri.
• Metaiodobenzylguanidine scan, izwi kandi nka MIBG scan, ikurikirana ibimenyetso byinjijwe bya radioactive byafashwe na paragangliomas.
• Positron emission tomography scan, izwi kandi nka PET scan, ikurikirana kandi ibimenyetso bya radioactive byafashwe n'ibinyabutabire.

Ihinduka rimwe na rimwe rya ADN rikomoka ku babyeyi ku bana rigira uruhare mu gutera paragangliomas. Niba ufite paraganglioma, umuhanga wawe mu buvuzi ashobora kugutegurira ibizamini bya gene kugira ngo ashake izi mpinduka za ADN mu mubiri wawe. Ibyavuye mu isuzuma rya gene bishobora gufasha kumenya amahirwe y'ibinyabutabire byawe bisubira inyuma nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ababyeyi bawe, abana bawe cyangwa bene wanyu bashobora kandi kugenzurwa kugira ngo harebwe impinduka za ADN zongerera ibyago bya paragangliomas. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ishobora kukwerekeza ku mujyanama wa gene cyangwa undi muhanga mu buvuzi wahuguwe mu bya gene. Uyu muntu ashobora kugufasha wowe n'abakunzi bawe gufata umwanzuro wo gukora ibizamini bya gene.

Akenshi, kuvura paraganglioma bisobanura kubaga kugira ngo hakureho igihombo. Niba igisebe gikora imisemburo, abaganga bakoresha imiti kugira ngo bahagarike imisemburo mbere. Niba paraganglioma idashobora gukurwaho n'ubuganga cyangwa ikwirakwira, ushobora gukenera ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Amahitamo yawe yo kuvura paraganglioma aturuka ku bintu bitandukanye. Ibi birimo: aho igisebe giherereye. Niba ari kanseri kandi ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Niba ikora imisemburo y'inyongera itera ibimenyetso. Amahitamo yo kuvura arimo: Uburyo bwo kugenzura imisemburo yakozwe n'igisebe Niba paraganglioma yawe ikora catecholamines nyinshi, uzakenera uburyo bwo guhagarika ingaruka cyangwa kugabanya urwego rw'iyi misemburo. Ibi bimenyetso bigabanya umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso kandi bigacunga ibindi bimenyetso. Ni ngombwa ko umuvuduko w'amaraso n'ibimenyetso bigenzurwa mbere y'uko ubundi buryo bwo kuvura paraganglioma butangira. Ni ukubera ko kuvura bishobora gutuma igisebe gisohora umwanya munini wa catecholamines kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Imiti ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ingaruka za catecholamine irimo imiti imwe y'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Iyi miti irimo alpha blockers, beta blockers na calcium channel blockers. Ubundi buryo bushobora kuba ubwo kurya indyo ihagije muri sodium no kunywa amazi ahagije. Ubuganga Ubuganga bushobora gukorwa kugira ngo hakureho paraganglioma. Nubwo paraganglioma idashobora gukurwaho burundu, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka kubaga kugira ngo akureho igice kinini cy'igisebe. Ubwoko bw'ubuganga bukoreshwa mu gukuraho paraganglioma biterwa n'aho iherereye. Aho igisebe giherereye kandi ni byo bigena ubwoko bw'umuganga ukora ubu buryo. Urugero: Ibisebe biri mu gice cy'umutwe n'ijosi bishobora kuvurwa n'abaganga b'umutwe n'ijosi. Ibisebe bigira ingaruka ku bwonko, umugongo n'imitsi bishobora kuvurwa n'abaganga b'ubwonko. Ibisebe bigira ingaruka ku mitsi ikora imisemburo bishobora kuvurwa n'abaganga b'imisemburo. Ibisebe bigira ingaruka ku mivuduko y'amaraso bishobora kuvurwa n'abaganga b'imivuduko y'amaraso. Rimwe na rimwe abaganga baturuka mu bice bitandukanye bakorana mu gihe cy'ubuganga bwa paraganglioma. Radiotherapy Radiotherapy ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi zo kuvura ibisebe. Ingufu zishobora kuva kuri X-rays, protons cyangwa izindi nkomoko. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka radiotherapy niba paraganglioma yawe idashobora gukurwaho burundu n'ubuganga. Radiotherapy kandi ishobora gufasha kugabanya ububabare buterwa na paraganglioma ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Rimwe na rimwe ubwoko bwihariye bwa radiotherapy bita stereotactic radiosurgery bukoreshwa mu kuvura paragangliomas mu gice cy'umutwe n'ijosi. Ubwoko bwa radiotherapy bugerageza imbaraga nyinshi ku gisebe. Buri mbaraga ntabwo ikomeye cyane. Ariko aho imbaraga zihurira habona umwanya munini wa radiotherapy kugira ngo ubuze uturemangingo tw'igisebe. Ablation therapy Ablation therapy ikoresha ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje kugira ngo ubuze uturemangingo tw'igisebe kandi ugenzure ukurura kwa paraganglioma. Ibi bishobora kuba amahitamo niba paraganglioma ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Radiofrequency ablation ikoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ishyushye uturemangingo tw'igisebe. Ubundi bwoko bwa ablation bita cryoablation bukoresha gaze ikonje kugira ngo ikonjeshe uturemangingo tw'igisebe. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy ni uburyo bwo kuvura bukoresha imiti ikomeye. Niba paraganglioma yawe ikwirakwira, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka chemotherapy kugira ngo afashe kugabanya ibisebe. Niba paraganglioma yawe ikora imisemburo nyinshi, uzabona imiti yo kugenzura urwego rw'imisemburo mbere yo gutangira chemotherapy. Targeted therapy Targeted therapy ikoresha imiti itera ibintu byihariye mu turemangingo tw'igisebe. Mu guhagarika ibi bintu, kuvura byibanze bishobora gutuma uturemangingo tw'igisebe dupfa. Ku bijyanye na paraganglioma, imiti yo kuvura byibanze ishobora gukoreshwa niba ubuganga atari amahitamo. Targeted therapy kandi ishobora gukoreshwa niba igisebe gikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, izwi kandi nka PRRT, ikoresha imiti kugira ngo itange radiotherapy ku turemangingo tw'igisebe. Imiti ihuriza hamwe ibintu bishaka uturemangingo tw'igisebe hamwe n'ibintu birimo radiotherapy. Imiti itangwa mu mutsi. Imiti inyura mu mubiri kandi ikomeza ku turemangingo twa paraganglioma. Mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru, imiti itanga radiotherapy ku turemangingo tw'igisebe. Imiti imwe ikora muri ubu buryo ni lutetium Lu 177 dotatate (Lutathera). Ishobora gukoreshwa igihe ubuganga atari amahitamo cyangwa igihe paraganglioma ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Igeragezwa rya kliniki Igeragezwa rya kliniki ni ubushakashatsi ku buryo bushya bwo kuvura cyangwa uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura bushaje. Niba ushaka igeragezwa rya kliniki rya paraganglioma, vugana n'umuganga wawe ku byo ushobora gukora. Hamwe mushobora kupima inyungu n'ingaruka z'uburyo bwo kuvura abashakashatsi bari gukoraho. Gutegereza Gutegereza rimwe na rimwe, abaganga batanga inama yo kudatangira kuvura paraganglioma ako kanya. Ahubwo, bashobora gukunda gukurikirana ubuzima bwawe hakoreshejwe ibizamini by'ubuzima buhoraho. Ibi bizwi nko gutegereza. Urugero, gutegereza bishobora kuba amahitamo niba paraganglioma ikura buhoro kandi idatera ibimenyetso. Amakuru y'inyongera Ablation therapy Radiotherapy Gusaba gahunda