Pineoblastoma ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Pineoblastoma ni uburibwe bwa kanseri bwo mu bwonko, bukura vuba kandi bugira ingaruka ku gice cy’ubwonko kitwa pineal gland, gito cyane kandi kiri mu bwonko. Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri bugira ingaruka cyane ku bana n’abakiri bato, nubwo bushobora kugaragara mu kigero icyo ari cyo cyose.

Pineal gland ikora imisemburo yitwa melatonin, ifasha mu gucunga ibitotsi. Iyo pineoblastoma ibaye, ishobora guhungabanya imikorere isanzwe y’ubwonko, igahindura ubuzima bw’umuntu bikaba ngombwa ko avurwa vuba.

Pineoblastoma ni iki?

Pineoblastoma ni kimwe mu bwoko bw’uburibwe bw’ubwonko bwitwa pineal parenchymal tumors. Ni uburibwe bwa kanseri bwa Grade IV, bisobanura ko bukura cyane kandi bugakwirakwira mu bwonko no mu mugongo.

Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri bugize munsi ya 1% by’uburibwe bwose bw’ubwonko, bigaragaza ko ari gake cyane. Ubu buribwe buturuka mu mitsi ya pineal gland ubwayo, atari mu tundi tumwe two mu gice cy’ubwonko, ibyo bikatandukanya n’ubundi buribwe bw’ubwonko muri ako gace.

Kubera aho buherereye mu bwonko, pineoblastoma ishobora kubuza amazi yo mu bwonko (cerebrospinal fluid) kugenda neza. Ibi bikunze gutera umuvuduko mwinshi mu mutwe, bigatuma umuntu agira bimwe mu bimenyetso.

Ibimenyetso bya Pineoblastoma ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya pineoblastoma bigaragara kubera ko ubu buribwe bwongera umuvuduko mu mutwe kandi bugira ingaruka ku gice cy’ubwonko kiri hafi yaho. Abantu benshi babona ibi bimenyetso mu gihe cy’ibyumweru cyangwa amezi ubu buribwe bukomeje gukura.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Umutwe ukomeye ukaza uko iminsi igenda, cyane cyane mu gitondo
• Isesemi n’kuruka bitavugwaho rumwe n’uburwayi
• Ibibazo by’amaso, harimo kubona ibintu bibiri cyangwa kugorana kureba hejuru
• Ibibazo byo kubura ubushobozi bwo kugendera neza no guhagarara
• Guhinduka mu buryo bwo kuryama cyangwa gusinzira cyane
• Imihango itunguranye
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa kwibagirwa

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibibazo byo kugendana amaso, bita Parinaud's syndrome. Ibi bibaho iyo ubu buribwe bukomenye ku gice cy’ubwonko kihagarara amaso, bigatuma bigorana kureba hejuru cyangwa amaso akagira uburyo butandukanye bwo kwakira umucyo.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, ushobora kubona impinduka z’imisemburo cyangwa imyaka y’ubwangavu iza vuba ku bana, kuko pineal gland iri hafi y’ibindi bice by’ubwonko bikora imisemburo. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bito mu ntangiriro ariko bikagenda bikomeza uko ubu buribwe bukomeza gukura.

Intandaro ya Pineoblastoma ni iyihe?

Intandaro nyakuri ya pineoblastoma ntirazwi, kandi ibyo bishobora gutera agahinda iyo ushaka ibisobanuro. Kimwe n’ubundi buribwe bwa kanseri, bishobora kuba biterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibindi bintu bitazwi neza.

Abashakashatsi bamenye zimwe mu ndwara z’imiterere y’umuntu zongera ibyago, nubwo ari gake cyane:

• Bilateral retinoblastoma (ubwoko bwa kanseri y’amaso igira ingaruka ku maso yombi)
• Li-Fraumeni syndrome (indwara ikomoka ku miryango ifite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri)
• Umuhindo w’imiterere y’umuntu ukomoka ku miryango ugira ingaruka ku mitsi ihagarika uburibwe

Urugero rwinshi rwa pineoblastoma ruba ku bushake nta mateka y’umuryango cyangwa imiterere y’umuntu izwi. Ibi bivuze ko mu bihe byinshi, nta kintu wowe cyangwa umuryango wawe mwakoze cyatuma biba.

Ibintu byo mu karere nk’imirasire y’ubushyuhe byavuzwe ko bishobora gutera ubu buribwe, ariko nta bimenyetso bifatika bihuza intandaro runaka n’uburibwe bwa pineoblastoma. Kubera ko ubu buribwe ari gake, biragoye kwiga ibi bintu neza.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Pineoblastoma?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga vuba niba ufite umutwe ukomeye ukaza uko iminsi igenda, cyane cyane iyo uhujwe n’isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa ibibazo by’amaso. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza umuvuduko mwinshi mu bwonko, bisaba ko ugenzurwa vuba.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona impinduka zitunguranye mu kugenda, guhagarara, cyangwa kugendana amaso. Nubwo ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite intandaro nyinshi, bigomba kumenyeshwa muganga kugira ngo hamenyekane niba hari uburibwe bukomeye nk’ubwo mu bwonko.

Emera muganga mu minsi mike niba ufite ibibazo byo gusinzira, kwibuka, cyangwa umunaniro udashira nubwo waruhuka. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara buhoro buhoro ariko bikeneye kumenyeshwa muganga.

Ku bana, kwitondera impinduka mu myitwarire, mu ishuri, cyangwa mu iterambere ry’umwana. Imimerere y’ubwangavu cyangwa impinduka zitunguranye mu gukura bigomba kandi kumenyeshwa muganga, kuko bishobora rimwe na rimwe kugaragaza ingaruka z’imisemburo ziterwa n’uburibwe bw’ubwonko.

Ibyago byo kurwara Pineoblastoma ni ibihe?

Kumva ibyago bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa impamvu ubu buribwe buke bugira ingaruka, ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzaburwara pineoblastoma.

Ibyago by’ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka: Igaragara cyane ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 5 n’abakiri bato
• Indwara zikomoka ku miryango nk’ibilateral retinoblastoma cyangwa Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Amateka y’umuryango afite indwara zimwe na zimwe zikomoka ku miryango
• Kuvurwa imirasire mu mutwe cyangwa mu bwonko mbere

Ariko rero, abantu benshi barwaye pineoblastoma nta byago byagaragaye. Ubu buribwe bugira ingaruka ku bushake mu bihe byinshi, ibyo bishobora gutera agahinda ariko binasobanura ko ushobora kuba utari kubyirinda.

Igitsina ntigira ingaruka ku byago, kandi nta bimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko imibereho nk’imirire cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri bigira ingaruka ku iterambere rya pineoblastoma. Kubera ko ubu buribwe ari gake, biragoye kumenya ibyago bito bishobora kubaho.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Pineoblastoma ni izihe?

Pineoblastoma ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye kubera uburyo bukomeye n’aho iherereye mu bwonko. Gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka bishobora kugufasha kwitegura urugendo rwawe imbere no kumenya ibimenyetso byo kwitondera.

Ingaruka za hafi zikunze kubaho ziterwa n’umuvuduko mwinshi mu bwonko:

• Hydrocephalus (amazi menshi mu bwonko) asaba kubagwa
• Ibibazo bikomeye by’ubwonko bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’umubiri cyangwa kwibuka
• Imihango ishobora kuba bigoye kuyihangana
• Koma mu bihe bikomeye niba umuvuduko ugeze hejuru

Kubera ko pineoblastoma ikwirakwira vuba mu mazi yo mu bwonko, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by’ubwonko n’umugongo. Iyo ikwirakwira, bita leptomeningeal dissemination, ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bishya mu bice bitandukanye by’ubwonko.

Ingaruka ziterwa n’ubuvuzi zishobora kandi kubaho, harimo ingaruka ziterwa n’ubuganga, kuvurwa imirasire, cyangwa imiti yo kurwanya kanseri. Izo ngaruka zishobora kuba harimo ibibazo byo kwibuka, ibibazo byo kwiga, cyangwa ibibazo by’imisemburo, cyane cyane ku bana bafite ubwonko bukiri gukura.

Abakize igihe kirekire bashobora kugira ibibazo byo kugendera, amaso, cyangwa kwibuka. Ariko kandi, abantu benshi bahangana neza n’izi mpinduka bafashwa n’abaganga n’ibindi bikorwa byo kuvura.

Pineoblastoma imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya pineoblastoma bisaba ibizamini byinshi byihariye kubera aho ubu buribwe buherereye mu bwonko. Ikipe ya muganga izakoresha amashusho n’ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo ibone neza icyaba kiri kuba.

Uburyo bwo kumenya ubu buribwe busanzwe butangira hakoreshejwe iskaneri ya MRI y’ubwonko n’umugongo. Aya mashusho arambuye afasha abaganga kubona ubunini bw’uburibwe, aho buherereye, niba bwakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by’ubwonko.

Dore ibyo ushobora kwitega mu gihe cyo kumenya ubu buribwe:

1. Kumenya uko ubwonko bukora
2. MRI ifite imiti igaragaza uburibwe neza
3. Gupima amazi yo mu bwonko kugira ngo harebwe niba hari imisemburo ya kanseri
4. Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe imisemburo y’uburibwe
5. Rimwe na rimwe kubaga kugira ngo hamenyekane ubu buribwe

Kubona igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma bishobora kuba bigoye kubera aho pineal gland iherereye. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, abaganga bashobora gutangira kuvura hagendewe ku mashusho n’ibindi bizamini niba kubaga ari ikintu kigoye.

Uburyo bwose bwo kumenya ubu buribwe busanzwe buramara iminsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru, bitewe n’igihe n’uburyo ibisubizo biboneka. Ikipe ya muganga izakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ibone ibisubizo vuba kandi neza.

Ubuvuzi bwa Pineoblastoma ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa pineoblastoma busanzwe bukoresha uburyo butatu: kubaga, kuvurwa imirasire, n’imiti yo kurwanya kanseri kubera uburyo bukomeye bw’ubu buribwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuvuzi kizahujwa n’umuntu ku giti cye, harimo ubunini bw’uburibwe, aho bwakwirakwiriye, n’ubuzima bwa rusange bw’umuntu.

Kubaga ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bushoboka. Intego ni ukukuraho uburibwe bwinshi uko bishoboka kandi kugabanya umuvuduko mu bwonko. Gukuraho ubu buribwe bwose bishobora kuba bigoye kubera aho pineal gland iherereye.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuvuzi cyanyu gishobora kuba kirimo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga kugira ngo hakurweho uburibwe
• Kuvurwa imirasire kugira ngo harebwe imisemburo ya kanseri isigaye
• Imiti yo kurwanya kanseri kugira ngo harebwe imisemburo ya kanseri ikwirakwira mu bwonko
• Gushyiraho imiti igabanya umuvuduko mu bwonko niba hydrocephalus ibaho
• Guhindura imisemburo mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Kuvurwa imirasire ni ingenzi cyane kuko pineoblastoma ikwirakwira vuba mu mazi yo mu bwonko. Ibi bivuze ko kuvura atari aho uburibwe buherereye gusa ahubwo no mu bwonko bwose n’umugongo kugira ngo birinde kongera kuba.

Ubuvuzi burakomeye kandi busanzwe buramara amezi menshi. Ikipe ya muganga izakukurikirana hafi muri uwo mujyi kandi izahindura igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuvuzi uko bikenewe hagendewe ku buryo ubaye.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi

Kwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi bwa pineoblastoma bisaba kwita ku bimenyetso by’umubiri n’iby’amarangamutima. Ikipe ya muganga izakugira inama irambuye, ariko hano hari uburyo busanzwe bushobora kugufasha.

Fata umwanya wo kurya neza no kunywa amazi ahagije, nubwo ingaruka z’ubuvuzi zigoye kurya. Kurya utuntu duto kenshi bikunze kuba byiza kuruta kurya byinshi, kandi ibiryo bitaryoheye bishobora kuba byoroshye kurya mu gihe cyo kuvurwa imiti yo kurwanya kanseri.

Dore ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwitondera no gucunga:

• Kwitondera ibimenyetso by’indwara nk’umuriro, kuko ubuvuzi bugabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri
• Guhangana n’isesemi hakoreshejwe imiti n’impinduka mu mirire
• Kwitondera impinduka mu bimenyetso by’ubwonko
• Kugira ahantu hacukuwe kugira ngo wirinde kugwa kubera ibibazo byo guhagarara
• Kwandika ibimenyetso kugira ngo ubisangize ikipe ya muganga

Kuruhukira ni ingenzi mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi, ariko gukora imyitozo myoroheje bishobora kugufasha kugumana imbaraga n’umutima mwiza iyo ubona ubushobozi.

Ubufasha mu by’amarangamutima ni ingenzi nk’ubuvuzi bw’umubiri. Tekereza ku guhuza n’amatsinda y’ubufasha, serivisi z’ubujyanama, cyangwa imiryango yahuye n’ibibazo nk’ibyo. Abantu benshi bahumurizwa no gusangira ibyabaye n’abandi babyumva.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga

Kwitegura gusura muganga bijyanye na pineoblastoma bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n’ikipe ya muganga kandi bikaba byiza kubaza ibibazo by’ingenzi. Kwitonda bishobora kugabanya umunaniro kandi bikagufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi.

Mbere yo gusura muganga, andika ibimenyetso byose wabonye, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse uko iminsi igenda. Harimo amakuru yerekeye imiterere y’umutwe, impinduka zo kuryama, ibibazo by’amaso, cyangwa ibindi bibazo.

Zana ibi bintu by’ingenzi mu buvuzi bwose:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti n’ibindi ukoresha
• Inyandiko z’ubuvuzi n’amashusho
• Amakuru y’ubwisungane n’irangamuntu
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubaza
• Umuntu w’umuryango cyangwa inshuti ukunda kugira ngo aguhe inkunga

Tegura ibibazo byihariye ku bijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe, uburyo bwo kuvurwa, n’icyo witeze. Baza ibyerekeye ingaruka, igihe, n’uko ubuvuzi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mirimo ya buri munsi cyangwa akazi. Ntugatinye gusaba ko basobanura niba amagambo y’ubuvuzi atari yo.

Tekereza kuzana ikaye cyangwa gusaba uburenganzira bwo kwandika ibintu by’ingenzi byavuzwe. Uzabona amakuru menshi, kandi bisanzwe kwibagirwa amakuru nyuma, cyane cyane iyo wumva unaniwe.

Icyingenzi kuri Pineoblastoma

Pineoblastoma ni uburibwe bukomeye bw’ubwonko busaba ubuvuzi buhamye kandi bwihuse. Nubwo ubu burwayi bushobora gutera agahinda, iterambere mu buvuzi ryongereye amahirwe yo gukira kuri benshi bahuye n’iki kibazo.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Amakipe y’abaganga b’inzobere afite ubunararibonye mu kuvura pineoblastoma, kandi bazakorana nawe kugira ngo bagutegurire igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuvuzi cyiza.

Kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare no kuvurwa vuba ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane uko bikwiye kuvurwa. Niba ufite ibimenyetso by’ubwonko bikubabaza, ntutinde gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga. Gukora vuba bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ubuvuzi bugira akamaro.

Gukira no gucunga igihe kirekire bikunze kuba bikubiyemo ubufasha buhoraho bw’abaganga batandukanye. Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri, ubuvuzi bw’imikorere, n’ubufasha mu by’amarangamutima byose bishobora kugira uruhare mu kugufasha guhuza no kugumana ubuzima bwiza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa kuri Pineoblastoma

Pineoblastoma ihora yica?

Pineoblastoma ni indwara ikomeye, ariko ntiyahora yica. Amahirwe yo gukira yiyongereye kubera iterambere mu buvuzi, cyane cyane iyo ubu buribwe bumenyekanye hakiri kare kandi bukavurwa vuba. Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubu burwayi bugira ingaruka, harimo imyaka, ubunini bw’uburibwe, n’uko buhita bukira. Ikipe ya muganga izakugira inama irambuye hagendewe ku mimerere yawe.

Pineoblastoma ishobora kwirindwa?

Ubu, nta buryo bwo kwirinda pineoblastoma buzwi kuko tutabasha gusobanukirwa icyo itera. Bitandukanye na kanseri zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n’imibereho, pineoblastoma isa nkaho iba ku bushake mu bihe byinshi. Ku bantu bafite ibyago by’imiterere y’umuntu, gukurikiranwa buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya ubu buribwe hakiri kare, ariko kwirinda ntibishoboka ubu.

Ubuvuzi bwa pineoblastoma buramara igihe kingana iki?

Ubuvuzi busanzwe buramara amezi menshi kandi bugizwe n’ibice byinshi. Kubaga ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bushoboka, bikurikirwa no kuvurwa imirasire bisanzwe biramara ibyumweru 6-8. Imiti yo kurwanya kanseri ishobora gukomeza amezi menshi nyuma y’ibyo. Igihe nyacyo giterwa n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuvuzi, uko ubaye, n’ingaruka zishobora kubaho mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi.

Nzashobora gusubira mu mirimo yanjye isanzwe nyuma y’ubuvuzi?

Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu mirimo yabo isanzwe nyuma y’ubuvuzi, nubwo ibi bitandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu ku giti cye. Bamwe bashobora kugira ingaruka ziramba nk’umunaniro, ibibazo byo kugendera, cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka bisaba impinduka mu mirimo ya buri munsi. Ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha guhuza no gusubira mu buzima bwawe busanzwe. Ikipe ya muganga izakorana nawe kugira ngo ushyireho intego zikwiye.

Abagize umuryango wanjye bagomba gupimwa pineoblastoma?

Mu bihe byinshi, abagize umuryango ntibakenera gupimwa kuko pineoblastoma isanzwe iba ku bushake. Ariko rero, niba ufite indwara zikomoka ku miryango nk’iya Li-Fraumeni syndrome cyangwa bilateral retinoblastoma, umuryango wawe ushobora kugira akamaro mu guhabwa inama z’imiterere y’umuntu. Umujyanama w’imiterere y’umuntu ashobora gusuzuma amateka y’umuryango wawe kandi agatanga inama zikwiye zo gupima niba ari ngombwa.