Pleurisy

Umuhumekero (Pleurisy) ubaho iyo akadomo k'umuhumekero—imigongo ibiri minini, yoroheje y'umubiri itandukanya ibihumekero n'igituba—ihindutse umuriro, ikaba itera ububabare mu gituza.

Umuhumekero (Pleurisy) (PLOOR-ih-see) ni uburwayi aho akadomo k'umuhumekero—imigongo ibiri minini, yoroheje y'umubiri itandukanya ibihumekero n'igituba—ihindutse umuriro. Bana witwa pleuritis, umuhumekero uterwa n'ububabare bukabije mu gituza (ububabare bwa pleuritic) bukamara nabi igihe uhumeka.

Uruhare rumwe rw'akadomo k'umubiri rwakikijwe hanze y'ibihumekero. Urundi ruhare rw'akadomo k'umubiri rwakikijwe imbere y'igituba. Hagati y'iyi migongo ibiri hari ikibanza gito (ikibanza cya pleural) gisanzwe kirimo umunyu muto cyane. Aya magorofa akora nk'ibice bibiri by'isatin yoroheje bisimburana, bituma ibihumekero byawe byaguka kandi bikagabanyuka igihe uhumeka.

Niba ufite umuhumekero, iyi migongo iba yibyimba kandi ikaba umuriro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imigongo ibiri y'akadomo k'umuhumekero ikubitana nk'ibice bibiri by'umucanga. Ibi biterwa n'ububabare igihe uhumeka. Ubwo bubabare bwa pleuritic bugabanuka cyangwa buhagarara igihe ufata umwuka.

Kuvura umuhumekero birimo gukumira ububabare no kuvura icyateye uburwayi.

Ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa bya pleurisy bishobora kuba birimo: Kubabara mu gituza bikomeza iyo uhumeka, ugiye gukorora cyangwa ugasetsa. Guhumeka nabi — akenshi biterwa no kugerageza kugabanya guhumeka no guhemba. Ukorora — mu mimerere imwe gusa. Guhinda umuriro — mu mimerere imwe gusa. Ububabare buterwa na pleurisy bushobora kurushaho kuba bubi iyo umubiri wawe wo hejuru ugiye kwimuka kandi bushobora gukwirakwira ku bitugu byawe cyangwa inyuma. Pleurisy ishobora kuba hamwe na pleural effusion, atelectasis cyangwa empyema: Pleural effusion. Mu mimerere imwe ya pleurisy, amazi arakusanya ahantu gato hagati y'insinga ebyiri z'umubiri. Ibi bita pleural effusion. Iyo hari amazi ahagije, ububabare bwa pleuritic bugabanuka cyangwa bugashira kuko insinga ebyiri za pleura zitagikoraho kandi ntizisigana. Atelectasis. Amazi menshi ahantu ha pleural ashobora gukora igitutu. Ibi bishobora gukanda umusonga wawe ku buryo ugomba kugwaho cyangwa ukagwaho rwose (atelectasis). Ibi bituma guhumeka bigorana kandi bishobora gutera ukorora. Empyema. Amazi yiyongereye ahantu ha pleural ashobora no kwandura, bigatuma habaho udukoko. Ibi bita empyema. Guhinda umuriro kenshi bibaho hamwe na empyema. Hamagara umuvuzi wawe cyangwa ushake ubuvuzi bwihuse ako kanya niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu gituza utabisobanura mu gihe uhumeka. Ushobora kugira ikibazo cy'ibihaha, umutima cyangwa pleura cyangwa indwara ishingiyeho ukeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Hamagara umuvuzi wawe cyangwa ushake ubuvuzi bwihuse ako kanya nimara kugira ububabare bukomeye mu gituza butasobanuwe mugihe uhumeka. Ushobora kugira ikibazo cy'ibihaha, umutima cyangwa ipfu, cyangwa indwara yihishe ukeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Indwara nyinshi zishobora gutera pleurisy. Ibitera birimo:

• Virus, nka grippe (influenza).
• Bakteri, nka pneumonia.
• Imy菌.
• Indwara ziterwa na système immunitaire, nka rhumatoïde arthritis cyangwa lupus.
• Kanseri y'ibihaha hafi y'umwenda wa pleural.
• Pulmonary embolism.
• Igituntu (TB).
• Gusya ibyo mu gatuza cyangwa trauma.
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe zirakomoka, nka sickle cell disease.
• Imiti imwe na imwe n'ibiyobyabwenge byo kwidagadura.

Ibiro byo kwibasirwa na pleurisy byiyongera iyo ufite ibyorezo bimwe na bimwe, nka grippe cyangwa pneumonia. Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ubuvuzi, nka lupus, TB na sickle cell disease na byo bishobora kongera ibyago byawe. Kandi gufata imiti imwe na imwe cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge bimwe na bimwe byo kwidagadura byongera ibyago byo kwibasirwa na pleurisy.

Umuganga wawe azatangira akubaza amateka yawe y'ubuzima, hanyuma agakora isuzuma ngaruka mubiri, harimo gutega amatwi ku kirere cyawe hakoreshejwe stethoscope.

Kugira ngo amenye niba ufite pleurisy kandi agerageze kumenya icyayiteye, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira:

• Ibizamini by'amaraso. Ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora kugaragaza niba ufite ubwandu. Ibindi bizamini by'amaraso bishobora kugaragaza indwara ziterwa na système immunitaire, nka rhumatoïde arthritis cyangwa lupus. Muri izi ndwara, pleurisy ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere.
• X-ray y'amabere. X-ray y'amabere ishobora kwerekana niba imyanya y'ubuhumekero yuzuye cyangwa niba hari umwuka cyangwa amazi hagati y'impyiko n'amagongo.
• Scan ya tomographie computerisée (CT). Scan ya CT ifatanya uburyo bwinshi bw'amashusho ya X-ray afashwe aturutse mu mpande zitandukanye z'umubiri wawe. Ikoresha uburyo bwa mudasobwa mu gukora amashusho y'ibice bigaragara nk'ibice by'amabere yawe. Aya mashusho arambuye ashobora kwerekana uko pleura imeze. Ashobora kandi kwerekana niba hari ibindi bintu byatera ububabare, nka caillot de sang mu muhogo.
• Ultrasound. Ubu buryo bwo kubona amashusho bukoresha ibishushanyo by'amajwi byinshi kugira ngo bukore amashusho y'ibice biri mu mubiri wawe. Ultrasound ishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo imenye niba ufite pleural effusion.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG). Iki kizamini cyo kugenzura umutima gishobora kugutegurira kugira ngo habeho gukuraho ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'umutima nk'intandaro y'ububabare bwawe mu kirere.

Mu bihe bimwe, umuganga wawe ashobora gukuraho amazi n'imiterere iri mu mwanya wa pleural kugira ngo abipime. Ibikorwa bishobora kuba birimo:

• Thoracentesis. Muri ubu buryo, umuti ubabaza (anesthetic) uterwa hagati y'amagongo yawe aho amazi yagaragaye mu bushakashatsi bwawe. Hanyuma igishishwa kinjizwa mu rukuta rw'amabere yawe hagati y'amagongo yawe kugira ngo hakurweho amazi yo gupima. Gukuraho amazi bishobora kandi kugufasha guhumeka neza. Igishishwa gisanzwe kinjizwa hakoreshejwe ultrasound.
• Thoracoscopy. Niba TB cyangwa kanseri bikekwa, thoracoscopy - izwi kandi nka pleuroscopy - ishobora gukorwa. Muri ubu buryo, kamera ntoya (thoracoscope) yinjizwa mu gice gato mu rukuta rw'amabere yawe. Ubu buryo butuma ubonamo imbere mu kirere cyawe kugira ngo urebe ibibazo cyangwa ubone igice cy'umubiri (biopsy).

Ubuvuzi bwa pleurisy bugamije cyane cyane gutera ikibazo gifite inkomoko. Urugero, niba igituma ari pneumonia y'ibyorezo, umuti wa antibiyotike ushobora kwandikwa kugira ngo ubone uko ubu burwayi buvuzwa. Niba icyateye ari indwara y'agakoko, pleurisy ishobora gukira yonyine.

Uburibwe n'uburyo bw'indwara bifitanye isano na pleurisy bisanzwe bivurwa hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ububabare idafite steroide (NSAIDs), nka ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, n'izindi). Rimwe na rimwe, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kwandika imiti ya steroide.

Ibyavuye mu kuvura pleurisy biterwa n'uburemere bw'ikibazo gifite inkomoko. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura hakiri kare icyateye pleurisy bishobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza. Bitewe n'icyateye n'uburyo bw'uburwayi, ushobora gukira neza.