Pneumothorax
Incamake
Mu gihe umusonga uba warasenyutse, umwuka ukomoka mu musonga winjira mu kibaya cy'ibituza. Urugero rwatanzwe ni pneumothorax yuzuye ibumoso.
Pneumothorax (noo-moe-THOR-aks) ni umusonga warasenyutse. Pneumothorax ibaho iyo umwuka winjira mu kibaya kiri hagati y'umusonga wawe n'inkuta y'ibituza. Uyu mwuka usunika hanze y'umusonga wawe maze ukawusenya. Pneumothorax ishobora kuba isenyuka ry'umusonga ryuzuye cyangwa isenyuka ry'igice kimwe cy'umusonga gusa.
Pneumothorax ishobora guterwa n'ubukomere bw'ibituza buterwa n'ikintu gikomeye cyangwa gikata, uburyo runaka bw'ubuvuzi, cyangwa iyangirika rikomoka ku ndwara y'umusonga. Cyangwa ishobora kubaho nta mpamvu igaragara. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo ububabare bw'ibituza butunguranye no guhumeka nabi. Rimwe na rimwe, umusonga warasenyutse ushobora kuba ikintu gishobora guhitana ubuzima.
Ubuvuzi bwa pneumothorax busanzwe burimo gushyira igishishwa cyangwa umuyoboro w'ibituza hagati y'amagongo kugira ngo ukureho umwuka urenze urugero. Ariko, pneumothorax ntoya ishobora gukira yonyine.
Ibimenyetso
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bya pneumothorax ni ububabare bw'amaguru butunguranye no guhumeka nabi. Ubukana bw'ibimenyetso bishobora kuba biterwa n'ingano y'ibihaha byaguye. Ibimenyetso bya pneumothorax bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo byinshi by'ubuzima, kandi bimwe bishobora guhitana ubuzima, bityo ugomba gushaka ubuvuzi. Niba ububabare bw'amaguru bukomeye cyangwa guhumeka bigenda bigorana, shaka ubutabazi bw'ibanze ako kanya.
Igihe cyo kubona umuganga
Ibimenyetso bya pneumothorax bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima, kandi bimwe bishobora guhitana ubuzima, bityo ugomba gushaka ubuvuzi. Niba ububabare bw'ibituza bukomeye cyangwa guhumeka bigenda bigorana, shaka ubutabazi bwihuse bw'ubukene.
Impamvu
Pneumothorax ishobora guterwa na: Imvune y'ibituza. Igikomere icyo ari cyo cyose cyangiza cyangwa kibabaza igituza gishobora gutera ihahama gupfa. Imvune zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho mu gihe cy'ibitero by'umubiri cyangwa impanuka z'imodoka, izindi zishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe cy'ibikorwa by'ubuvuzi bikubiyemo gushyira igishishwa mu gituza. Indwara y'ibihaha. Udukoko twangiritse tw'ibihaha dufite ibyago byinshi byo gupfa. Kwangirika kw'ibihaha bishobora guterwa n'ubwoko bwinshi bw'indwara zirimo, nka bronchitis ikomeye (COPD), cystic fibrosis, kanseri y'ibihaha cyangwa pneumonia. Indwara z'ibihaha zifite udukoko, nka lymphangioleiomyomatosis na Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, ziterwa n'udufuka duto duto twuzuye umwuka mu mubiri w'ibihaha bishobora kwangirika, bigatera pneumothorax. Udufuka twuzuye umwuka twangiritse. Udufuka duto twuzuye umwuka (blebs) dushobora gukura hejuru y'ibihaha. Aya dufuka twuzuye umwuka rimwe na rimwe turaturika - bigatuma umwuka winjira mu kibanza kiri inyuma y'ibihaha. Guhumeka ku buryo bwa tekiniki. Ubwoko bukomeye bwa pneumothorax bushobora kubaho mu bantu bakeneye ubufasha bwa tekiniki kugira ngo bahumeke. Icyuma cyo guhumeka gishobora gutera imbaraga z'umuvuduko w'umwuka mu gituza. Ihaha rishobora gupfa burundu.
Ingaruka zishobora guteza
Muri rusange, abagabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira pneumothorax kurusha abagore. Ubwoko bwa pneumothorax buterwa no gucika kw'imyanya yuzuye umwuka bushobora kugaragara cyane ku bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 20 na 40, cyane cyane niba ari muremure cyane kandi afite imirire mibi.
Indwara z'ibihaha cyangwa imashini ifasha guhumeka bishobora kuba intandaro cyangwa ikintu cyongera ibyago byo kugira pneumothorax. Ibindi bintu byongera ibyago birimo:
- Ukoresha itabi. Ibyago byiyongera uko igihe umuntu amaze anywa itabi kiba kirekire ndetse n'umubare w'itabi anywa, nubwo adafite indwara y'ibihaha (emphysema).
- Uburanga. Amwe mu moko ya pneumothorax asa nkaho ahererekanywa mu muryango.
- Pneumothorax yabayeho mbere. Umuntu wese warigeze kugira pneumothorax afite ibyago byinshi byo kuyisubiramo.
Ingaruka
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho zitandukanye, bitewe n'ubunini n'uburemere bwa pneumotorax ndetse n'impamvu n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Rimwe na rimwe umwuka ushobora gukomeza gushyira hanze niba umwobo uri mu muhogo utashobora gupfuka cyangwa pneumotorax ishobora gusubira.
Kupima
Pneumothorax imenyekanwa hakoreshejwe X-ray y'amabere. Mu bimwe mu bihe, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa (CT scan) bishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo habeho amafoto arambuye. Ibikoresho byo kubona amafoto akoresheje amajwi (Ultrasound) na byo bishobora gukoreshwa mu kumenya pneumothorax. Kwitabwaho kwa Mayo Clinic Itsinda ryacu ryita ku barwayi, rigizwe n'inzobere za Mayo Clinic, rirashobora kubafasha mu bibazo byanyu by'ubuzima bifitanye isano na pneumothorax. Tangira hano Amakuru y'inyongera Kwitabwaho kwa pneumothorax muri Mayo Clinic X-ray y'amabere CT scan
Uburyo bwo kuvura
Intego yo kuvura pneumothorax ni uguhagarika igitutu ku ruhago rwawe, bituma rusubira kuba nkuko byari bimeze. Bitewe n'icyo cyateye pneumothorax, intego ya kabiri ishobora kuba iyo kwirinda ko byongera kubaho. Uburyo bwo kugera kuri ibyo bintu biterwa n'uburemere bw'uruhago rwasenyutse, rimwe na rimwe bikaba biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba harimo kureba, gukuramo umwuka hakoreshejwe igishishwa, gushyiramo umuyoboro mu gituza, gusana nta kubaga cyangwa kubaga. Ushobora guhabwa umuti w'umwuka wongerwa kugira ngo wihutishe kongera gukuramo umwuka no kwagura umwuka. Kureba Niba igice gito cy'uruhago rwawe ari cyo cyasenyutse, muganga wawe ashobora gukurikirana uko uhagaze akoresheje ibizamini bya X-ray by'igituza kugeza umwuka mwinshi ukozwe ugeze aho ukurwaho kandi umwuka wawe ukaba warasubiye kuba nkuko byari bimeze. Ibi bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi. Gukuramo umwuka hakoreshejwe igishishwa cyangwa gushyiramo umuyoboro mu gituza Niba igice kinini cy'uruhago rwawe cyasenyutse, birashoboka ko igishishwa cyangwa umuyoboro mu gituza bizakoreshwa mu gukuraho umwuka mwinshi. Gukuramo umwuka hakoreshejwe igishishwa. Igishishwa cyuzuye gifite umuyoboro muto (catheter) gishyirwa hagati y'amagufwa y'igituza mu mwanya wuzuye umwuka ushyira igitutu ku ruhago rwasenyutse. Hanyuma muganga akuraho igishishwa, ashyiraho icupa ku muyoboro hanyuma akuraho umwuka mwinshi. Umuyoboro ushobora gusigara mu gihe cy'amasaha make kugira ngo umwuka usubire kuba nkuko byari bimeze kandi pneumothorax itazongera kubaho. Gushyiramo umuyoboro mu gituza. Umuyoboro mu gituza ushyirwa mu mwanya wuzuye umwuka kandi ushobora gufatwa ku gikorwa cy'umuyoboro umwe gukuraho umwuka mu gituza kugeza umwuka wawe usubiye kuba nkuko byari bimeze kandi ukize. Gusana nta kubaga Niba umuyoboro mu gituza utasubije umwuka wawe kuba nkuko byari bimeze, uburyo budakoresha kubaga bwo gufunga umwuka ushobora kuba harimo: Gukoresha ibintu byo guhungabanya imyanya iri hafi y'umwuka kugira ngo bihuze kandi bifunge ibyuho byose. Ibi bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu muyoboro mu gituza, ariko bishobora gukorwa mu gihe cy'ubuganga. Gukuramo amaraso mu kuboko kwawe no kuyashyira mu muyoboro mu gituza. Amaraso akora igice cy'amaraso ku ruhago (autologous blood patch), afunga umwuka. Gucisha umuyoboro muto (bronchoscope) munsi y'umunwa wawe no mu mwuka wawe kugira ngo urebe umwuka wawe n'inzira z'umwuka hanyuma ushyiremo umuyoboro umwe. Umuyoboro uretse umwuka gusubira kuba nkuko byari bimeze kandi umwuka ugahinduka. Kubaga Rimwe na rimwe kubaga bishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo ufungishe umwuka. Mu bihe byinshi, kubaga bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu mpanuka nto, hakoreshejwe kamera nto ya fiber-optic n'ibikoresho byo kubaga bito, birebire. Umuganga azashakisha ahantu havuye umwuka cyangwa aho umwuka wacitse hanyuma abifunge. Gake, umuganga azakenera gukora umwanya munini hagati y'amagufwa y'igituza kugira ngo abone uburyo bwo kwinjira mu mwuka mwinshi cyangwa munini. Kwitaho gukomeza Ushobora kuba ukeneye kwirinda ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bishira igitutu kinini ku mwuka wawe igihe pneumothorax yawe ikize. Urugero harimo kuguruka, koga cyangwa gukina igikoresho cy'umwuka. Ganira na muganga wawe ku bwoko n'igihe cy'ibikorwa byawe. Komeza gukurikirana ibiganiro na muganga wawe kugira ngo ukurebe uko ukomeza gukira. Saba gahunda Na Mayo Clinic Staff
footer.disclaimer