Ese Pneumothorax Ni Iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Ubuvuzi

Pneumothorax ibaho iyo umwuka ufunze hagati y’umwijima wawe n’igisenge cy’ibituza, bigatuma umwijima wawe ugomba kugwaho cyangwa ukagwaho rwose. Tekereza nk’umupira uhindutse ukavira mu kibaya cy’ibituza byawe. Nubwo ibi bishobora gutera ubwoba, ingero nyinshi zirarwanywa, kandi gusobanukirwa ibyabaye bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kubona ubufasha bukwiye.

Ese Pneumothorax Ni Iki?

Pneumothorax ni uburwayi aho umwuka ugeramo mu kibaya kiri hafi y’ibihaha byawe, twita pleural space. Uyu mwuka ugomba gukanda ku mwijima wawe, ukabuza kwaguka neza igihe uhumeka.

Ibihaha byawe bifunze n’urukuta rwagirama rwitwa pleura, rukaba rwakora ahantu hafunze. Iyo icyo gifunze kimenetse, umwuka ushobora kwinjiramo ukagabanya umwijima wawe. Uko uwo mwuka ugomba kuba munini niko ikibazo kiba gikomeye.

Hari ubwoko bubiri ukwiye kumenya. Pneumothorax yiyongera ku bwayo ibaho nta gukomeretsa cyangwa impamvu isobanutse. Pneumothorax iterwa n’ibikomere by’ibituza, ibikorwa by’abaganga, cyangwa impanuka zangiza umwijima cyangwa igisenge cy’ibituza.

Ni Izihe Ubwoko bwa Pneumothorax?

Pneumothorax yiyongera ku bwayo y’ibanze iba mu bantu bazima badafite uburwayi bw’ibihaha. Ikunze kugaragara mu bagabo barebire, bafite umubiri muke bari hagati y’imyaka 15-35, ikunze kubaho mu gihe bari baryamye cyangwa bakora imirimo yoroheje.

Pneumothorax yiyongera ku bwayo y’uburyo bwa kabiri iba mu bantu basanzwe bafite uburwayi bw’ibihaha nka COPD, asma, cyangwa cystic fibrosis. Ubu bwoko bushobora kuba bukomeye kuko uburwayi bw’ibihaha butuma umubiri wawe udashobora guhangana n’umwijima wagize ikibazo.

Pneumothorax iterwa n’ibikomere ibaho kubera imbaraga zo hanze cyangwa ibikorwa by’abaganga. Impanuka z’imodoka, kugwa, ibikomere by’amakara, cyangwa ingaruka z’ibikorwa by’abaganga nko gupima ibihaha bishobora gutera ubu bwoko.

Pneumothorax y’igitutu ni uburwayi buke ariko bukomeye cyane aho umwuka ufunze ukomeza kwiyongera, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima wawe n’imikorere y’amaraso. Ibi bisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse.

Ni Izihe Ibimenyetso bya Pneumothorax?

Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi uzabona ni ububabare bukabije bw’ibituza buhita buza, bukaba bukomeye iyo uhumeka cyane cyangwa ugiye gukorora. Ubwo bubabare busanzwe bukunze kuba ku ruhande rumwe rw’ibituza kandi bushobora kumvikana nk’ububabare bwo gucika.

Abantu benshi bagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi bishobora kuba bike cyangwa bikomeye bitewe n’uko umwijima wawe wagize ikibazo.

Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ukwiye kwitondera:

• Ububabare bukabije bw’ibituza ku ruhande rumwe
• Guhumeka nabi cyangwa kugorana guhumeka
• Ukorora utari ukoresha imiti
• Umutima ukubita cyane
• Uruguru cyangwa kumva unaniwe cyane
• Uruhu rugaragara rwera ku minwa cyangwa ku misumari

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kubona uruhu rwawe rwera, cyane cyane ku minwa no ku misumari. Ibi bibaho iyo umubiri wawe utabona umwuka uhagije kandi bisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse.

Ese Pneumothorax iterwa n’iki?

Pneumothorax ishobora kubaho kubera impamvu zitandukanye, kandi rimwe na rimwe impamvu nyamukuru ntisobanuka. Gusobanukirwa izi mpamvu bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibyago byawe no gufata ingamba zikwiye.

Pneumothorax yiyongera ku bwayo y’ibanze ikunze kubaho kubera imifuka mito yuzuye umwuka twita blebs ishobora kuba ku ruhu rw’ibihaha byawe. Iyo izi blebs zimenetse, umwuka winjira mu kibaya cy’ibituza.

Impamvu zisanzwe zirimo:

• Kumeneka kw’imifuka mito yuzuye umwuka (blebs) ku ruhu rw’umwijima
• Uburwayi bw’ibihaha nka COPD, asma, cyangwa pneumonia
• Ibikomere by’ibituza biturutse ku mpanuka cyangwa kugwa
• Ibikorwa by’abaganga nko gupima ibihaha cyangwa gushyira umugozi mu mutima
• Ingaruka zo guhumeka imashini
• Ibikomere by’ibituza byinjiramo

Zimwe mu mpamvu zidafata kenshi zikwiye kumenyekana harimo uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bwa gene nka Marfan syndrome cyangwa lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), bukunze kugaragara ku bagore. Impinduka zikomeye z’uburebure, nka izo abapilote cyangwa abajya munsi y’amazi bahura nazo, zishobora kandi gutera pneumothorax mu bantu bafite ibyago.

Ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byawe, harimo gukina ibikoresho byo guhumeka bifite umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ukorora cyane kubera indwara z’ubuhumekero. Ariko kandi, ingero nyinshi zibaho nta mpamvu isobanutse, ibyo bishobora gutera agahinda ariko ni ibisanzwe.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Kubona Muganga Kubera Pneumothorax?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse niba ufite ububabare bw’ibituza buhita buza hamwe no guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane niba ibyo bimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa bikomeza kuba bibi. Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bizagenda byonyine.

Hamagara serivisi z’ubutabazi byihuse niba ubona uruhu rwawe rwera, ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyane, umutima ukubita cyane, cyangwa niba wumva ushobora kugwa. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ikibazo gikomeye gisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ndetse n’iyo ibimenyetso byawe bigaragara bike, ni ngombwa ko ugenzurwa n’umuganga. Pneumothorax nto ishobora rimwe na rimwe kuba mbi bitunguranye, kandi ubuvuzi bwihuse bukunze kwirinda ingaruka.

Niba warigeze kugira pneumothorax, ukwiye kwitondera cyane ububabare bushya bw’ibituza cyangwa kugorana guhumeka. Ibyago byo kugaruka birakomeye mu bantu barigeze kugira ubu burwayi.

Ni Izihe Impamvu Zongerera Ibyago bya Pneumothorax?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byawe byo kugira pneumothorax, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzagira icyo kibazo. Kumenya ibyo bintu bigufasha kuba maso ku bimenyetso.

Impamvu zongerera ibyago byinshi zirimo kuba umugabo muremure, ufite umubiri muke, kuko uwo itsinda ari ryo rikunze kugira pneumothorax yiyongera ku bwayo y’ibanze. Itabi ryongera cyane ibyago byawe, cyane cyane niba ufite uburwayi bw’ibihaha.

Impamvu zongerera ibyago zirimo:

• Kuba umugabo, muremure, ufite umubiri muke (imyaka 15-35)
• Kunywesha itabi
• Kugira uburwayi bw’ibihaha nka COPD cyangwa asma
• Kuba waragize pneumothorax mbere
• Amateka y’umuryango wa pneumothorax
• Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bwa gene nka Marfan syndrome
• Kubagwa ku gituza cyangwa ibikorwa by’abaganga vuba aha

Zimwe mu mpamvu zidafata kenshi zirimo kugira uburwayi bwitwa lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), bukunze kugaragara ku bagore kandi bushobora gutera pneumothoraces isubira.

Imyaka igira uruhare, abantu bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi kubera impinduka z’ibihaha ziterwa n’imyaka no kongera ibyago byo kugira uburwayi bw’ubuhumekero. Ariko kandi, pneumothorax ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose.

Ni Izihe Ingaruka zishoboka za Pneumothorax?

Nubwo pneumothorax nyinshi zikira zivuwe neza, ni ibisanzwe kwibaza ku ngaruka zishoboka. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bigufasha kumenya ibimenyetso by’uburwayi no gushaka ubufasha bukwiye igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ni ukugaruka, bibaho kuri 20-50% by’abantu barigeze kugira ikibazo kimwe. Buri pneumothorax ikurikiyeho yongera gato amahirwe yo kugaruka.

Ingaruka zishoboka zirimo:

• Kugaruka kwa pneumothorax
• Umwuka ukomeza kwinjiramo ukeneye ubuvuzi burambye
• Dukurire mu kibaya cy’ibituza
• Uruhu rw’umwijima
• Ububabare bw’ibituza buhoraho
• Pneumothorax y’igitutu (ike ariko ikomeye)

Pneumothorax y’igitutu ni uburwayi buke ariko bukomeye cyane aho umuvuduko ukomeza kwiyongera mu gituza cyawe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’umutima wawe bwo gutera amaraso neza. Ibi bisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse.

Bamwe mu bantu bagira umwuka ukomeza kwinjiramo ukeneye igihe kinini kugira ngo ukire, bikaba bisaba iminsi myinshi mu bitaro cyangwa ibindi bikorwa. Dukurire ishobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane nyuma yo kubagwa, nubwo ari bike cyane iyo ubufasha bw’abaganga buhagije.

Ingaruka zirambye ni nke, ariko bamwe mu bantu bagira ububabare bw’ibituza buhoraho cyangwa guhangayika kubera kugaruka. Gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe bishobora kugufasha guhangana n’ibyo bibazo neza.

Ese Pneumothorax Ishobora Kwibikwa Gute?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda pneumothorax zose, cyane cyane izo zibaho ku bwayo, intambwe zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe no gufasha kwirinda kugaruka.

Igikorwa cy’ingenzi cyo kwirinda ni ukureka kunywesha itabi niba ukinywa. Itabi yangiza uruhu rw’ibihaha kandi ryongera ibyago byo kugira ikibazo cya mbere no kugaruka.

Niba warigeze kugira pneumothorax, kwirinda ibikorwa bisaba impinduka z’umuvuduko mwinshi bishobora kugufasha kwirinda kugaruka. Ibi birimo kujya munsi y’amazi, kuguruka mu ndege idafite umuvuduko, cyangwa gukina ibikoresho byo guhumeka bifite umuvuduko mwinshi kugeza igihe muganga aguhaye uburenganzira.

Kwita neza ku burwayi bw’ibihaha bwa karande binyuze mu buvuzi buhoraho no gukurikiza gahunda y’ubuvuzi bishobora kugabanya ibyago bya pneumothorax y’uburyo bwa kabiri. Ibi birimo gufata imiti yagenewe no kwirinda ibintu byangiza ubuhumbero.

Ku bantu bafite pneumothorax isubira, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba igikorwa cyo kwirinda cyitwa pleurodesis, gifasha kwirinda ibindi bibazo binyuze mu gukuraho ahantu umwuka ushobora kwinjiramo.

Ese Pneumothorax Imenyekanwa Gute?

Kumenya pneumothorax bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe yumvise ibimenyetso byawe akanagenzura ibituza byawe. Azakoresha stethoscope kugira ngo yumve impinduka mu majwi yo guhumeka kandi ashobora kubona ko guhumeka kugabanutse ku ruhande rw’ikibazo.

X-ray y’ibituza niyo isuzuma rya mbere muganga wawe azakora. Iki kizamini cyoroshye gishobora kwerekana niba umwuka winjiye hafi y’umwijima wawe kandi gifasha kumenya uko umwijima wawe wagize ikibazo.

Rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane niba ibisubizo bya X-ray bitumvikana cyangwa niba ufite amateka y’ubuzima akomeye, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba CT scan. Ibi bitanga amashusho arambuye kandi bishobora kumenya pneumothoraces nto zishobora kugaragara ku X-ray zisanzwe.

Muganga wawe azagenzura kandi ibimenyetso byawe by’ingenzi, harimo umutima ukubita, umuvuduko w’amaraso, n’umwuka. Ibyo bipimo bifasha kumenya neza uko umubiri wawe uhangana n’umwijima wagize ikibazo.

Rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane mu bihe by’ubuhangange, abaganga bashobora gukoresha ultrasound kugira ngo basuzume vuba niba pneumothorax iriho. Ubu buryo buriyongera kuko bwihuse kandi budakoresha imirasire.

Ese Pneumothorax Ivurwa Gute?

Ubuvuzi bwa pneumothorax biterwa n’ibintu byinshi, birimo ubunini bw’ikibazo, ibimenyetso byawe, niba ari ikibazo cyawe cya mbere cyangwa kugaruka. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bukwiye kubibazo byawe.

Pneumothoraces nto zidafite ibimenyetso bikomeye zishobora kuvurwa harebwa neza. Muganga wawe azakukurikirana kandi ashobora gusubiramo X-ray y’ibituza kugira ngo abemeze ko ikibazo kidakomeza kuba kibi.

Ku bantu bafite pneumothoraces nini cyangwa abafite ibimenyetso bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora gukenera gukuraho umwuka ufunze. Ibi bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu gukuraho umwuka hakoreshejwe umugozi muto, cyangwa gushyira umugozi mu gituza ku bihe bikomeye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

• Kureba no gukurikirana ku bihe bito, bidahungabana
• Gukuraho umwuka ufunze hakoreshejwe umugozi muto
• Gushyira umugozi mu gituza ku bihe bikomeye
• Kubaga ku bihe bisubira cyangwa umwuka ukomeza kwinjiramo
• Ubuvuzi bw’umwuka kugira ngo ufashe mu gukira

Kubagwa bishobora gusabwa ku bantu bafite pneumothorax isubira cyangwa abadafite ubuvuzi.

Uko Wakwitwara mu Rugo mu Gihe ufite Pneumothorax

Niba muganga wawe yemeje ko ushobora kuvurwa pneumothorax iwawe harebwa, gukurikiza amabwiriza ye neza ni ingenzi ku mutekano wawe no gukira. Ubu buryo busanzwe bugirwa inama gusa ku bantu bafite pneumothoraces nto, zidahungabana mu bantu bazima.

Ikiruhuko ni ingenzi mu gihe cyo gukira. Irinde ibikorwa bikomeye, gutwara ibiremereye, cyangwa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gishobora gukaza imikaya y’ibituza byawe. Umubiri wawe ukeneye imbaraga zo gukira, ntukirengagize.

Kwitondera ibimenyetso byawe no kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse. Subira mu bitaro niba ufite ububabare bw’ibituza buri kwiyongera, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bishya bibangamira.

Fata imiti igabanya ububabare nk’uko muganga wawe yabitegetse, ariko wirinda imiti ishobora guhisha ibimenyetso by’ingenzi. Imiti igabanya ububabare yo mu maduka nka acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen isanzwe ikora neza niba yemewe n’umuganga wawe.

Sukura muganga wawe nk’uko yabitegetse, n’iyo waba wumva umeze neza. Bakenera gukurikirana uko ukomeza gukira kandi bagahamya ko pneumothorax ikomeza gukira neza binyuze mu isuzuma rya X-ray.

Irinde ingendo z’indege, kujya munsi y’amazi, cyangwa ibikorwa bisaba impinduka z’umuvuduko kugeza igihe muganga aguhaye uburenganzira. Ibyo bikorwa bishobora kongera pneumothorax cyangwa gutera kugaruka mu gihe cyo gukira.

Uko Wakwitegura Kugenda kwa Muganga

Kwitunganya kugira ngo ujye kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ubufasha buhagije kandi ukabona ibisubizo by’ibibazo byawe byose. Gufata umwanya wo gutegura ibitekerezo byawe n’amakuru mbere bituma uruzinduko rwawe ruba rwiza.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye, icyabirinda cyangwa kibikomeza, n’uko byahindutse mu gihe. Jya ugaragaza aho ububabare buri n’uburyo bubabaza.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose ukoresha ubu, harimo imiti yo mu maduka, imiti y’inyongera, n’imiti y’ibimera. Nanone, andika allergie cyangwa ingaruka mbi warigeze kugira ku miti.

Tegura amakuru yerekeye amateka yawe y’ubuzima, cyane cyane ibibazo by’ibihaha, ibikomere by’ibituza, cyangwa kubagwa. Niba warigeze gukora isuzuma ry’amashusho ahandi, gerageza kuzana ibyo bisubizo cyangwa ubishyire mu biro by’umuganga wawe.

Tegura urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubaza muganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura, ibikorwa ugomba kwirinda, igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikwiye gutuma ushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ishobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi yavuzwe mu gihe cy’uruzinduko, cyane cyane niba uri guhangayika cyangwa utameze neza.

Icyingenzi cyo Kumenya kuri Pneumothorax

Pneumothorax ni uburwayi buvurwa aho umwuka ufunze hafi y’umwijima wawe, ukaba ugwaho cyangwa ukagwaho rwose. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba igihe bibaye, ingero nyinshi zikira neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ububabare bw’ibituza buhita buza hamwe no guhumeka nabi bisaba ko ugenzurwa na muganga byihuse. Ubuvuzi bwihuse butagira ingaruka gusa bigufasha kumva umeze neza vuba, ahubwo birinda ingaruka zishoboka.

Niba uri mu byago byinshi kubera ibintu nko kunywesha itabi, uburwayi bw’ibihaha, cyangwa ibindi bibazo, kuba maso ku bimenyetso no kugira itumanaho ryiza n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe ni ingenzi. Abantu benshi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bukora nyuma yo kugira pneumothorax.

Gukira bishoboka, kandi hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye no gukurikirana, ushobora kwitega gusubira mu bikorwa byawe bisanzwe. Itsinda ry’abaganga bawe ririho kugufasha muri uwo mujyo kandi rigakemura impungenge ushobora kugira.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa kuri Pneumothorax

Ese pneumothorax ishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Yego, pneumothorax ishobora kugaruka, ibyago byo kugaruka biri hagati ya 20-50% nyuma y’ikibazo cya mbere. Ibyago birakomeye mu bantu banywa itabi cyangwa bafite uburwayi bw’ibihaha. Ariko kandi, ubuvuzi bwo kwirinda buhari ku bantu bagira ibibazo byinshi byo kugaruka, kandi abantu benshi ntibagira ikindi kibazo.

Ese bisaba igihe kingana iki gukira pneumothorax?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye bitewe n’ubunini bwa pneumothorax n’uburyo bwo kuvura. Pneumothoraces nto zivurwa harebwa zishobora gukira mu cyumweru 1-2, mu gihe ibyo bisaba imigozi mu gituza cyangwa kubagwa bishobora gufata ibyumweru cyangwa amezi kugira ngo bikire rwose. Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu bikorwa byabo bisanzwe mu byumweru 2-6.

Ese gukora siporo ni byiza nyuma yo kugira pneumothorax?

Ukwiye kwirinda gukora siporo bikomeye kugeza igihe muganga aguhaye uburenganzira, ibyo bisanzwe bibaho nyuma y’isuzuma rya X-ray ryerekana ko wakize rwose. Ibikorwa byoroheje nko kugenda bisanzwe bikora, ariko wirinda ibikorwa bisaba gufata umwuka, gutwara ibiremereye, cyangwa impinduka z’umuvuduko mwinshi. Muganga wawe azakugira inama yihariye bitewe n’ibibazo byawe.

Ese guhangayika cyangwa umunaniro bishobora gutera pneumothorax?

Guhangayika n’umunaniro ntibitera pneumothorax, ariko bishobora gutuma umenya cyane ibimenyetso by’ibituza no guhumeka. Ariko kandi, ukorora cyane kubera guhangayika cyangwa guhagarika umutima bishobora gutera pneumothorax mu bihe bike cyane. Niba ufite ububabare bw’ibituza mu gihe cy’umunaniro, birakomeye ko ugenzurwa.

Ese nzagira iki niba ntekereza ko pneumothorax yanjye isubira?

Niba ufite ububabare bw’ibituza buhita buza no guhumeka nabi nk’ikibazo cyawe cya mbere, shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse. Ntutekereze ko ari guhangayika cyangwa imikaya, cyane cyane niba warigeze kugira pneumothorax mbere. Isuzuma n’ubuvuzi bwihuse bigira ingaruka nziza kandi bishobora kwirinda ingaruka.