Indwara Y'Impyiko Zifite Udukoba Twinshi

Impyiko nzima (ibumoso) ikuraho imyanda mu maraso kandi ikagumana ubusugire bw'ibintu by'imiti mu mubiri. Iyo umuntu arwaye indwara y'impyiko zifite imyanda myinshi (iburyo), hari ibintu byuzuyemo amazi bita imyanda bikura mu mpyiko. Impyiko zirushaho gukura kandi buhoro buhoro zigenda zitakaza ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora nk'uko bikwiye.

Indwara y'impyiko zifite imyanda myinshi (PKD) ni uburwayi butuma hari ibintu byuzuyemo amazi byinshi bikura mu mubiri, cyane cyane mu mpyiko. Uko igihe gihita, iyo myanda ishobora gutuma impyiko zirushaho gukura kandi zikareka gukora. PKD akenshi irazamuka mu miryango. Ibi bita uburwayi bwavutse.

Immyanda ni ibintu bifite ishusho y'umupira birimo amazi. Si kanseri. Muri PKD, iyo myanda iba ifite ubunini butandukanye. Ishobora gukura cyane. Kugira imyanda myinshi cyangwa imyanda minini bishobora kwangiza impyiko.

PKD itandukanye cyane ku buryo ikomeye. Bishoboka gukumira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe. Guhindura imibereho no kuvurwa bishobora kugabanya kwangirika kw'impyiko.

Ibimenyetso bya polycystic kidney disease birimo: Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru. Kubabara mu nda, ku ruhande cyangwa inyuma. Amaraso mu nkari. Kumva umubiri wuzuye mu nda. Kugira umubiri munini kubera impyiko zikomeye. Umutwe ubabara. Amabuye y'impyiko. Gusinzira kw'impyiko. Udukoko tw'inzira y'umukokari cyangwa impyiko. Akenshi abantu bagira polycystic kidney disease imyaka myinshi batabizi. Niba ufite bimwe mu bimenyetso bya polycystic kidney disease, reba umuganga wawe. Niba ufite umubyeyi, umuvandimwe cyangwa umwana ufite polycystic kidney disease, reba umuganga wawe kugira ngo muganire ku isuzuma ry'icyo kibazo.

Abantu benshi baba bafite indwara ya polycystic kidney disease imyaka myinshi batabizi.

Niba ufite bimwe mu bimenyetso by'indwara ya polycystic kidney disease, reba umuganga wawe. Niba ufite umubyeyi, umuvandimwe cyangwa umwana ufite indwara ya polycystic kidney disease, reba umuganga wawe kugira ngo muganire ku isuzuma ry'iyo ndwara.

Mu ndwara iterwa na gene iyobora (autosomal dominant disorder), gene yahindutse ni gene iyobora. Iherereye kuri imwe mu mpinga zidafite ibitsina, zizwi nka autosomes. Gene imwe gusa yahindutse irakenewe kugira ngo umuntu azagwe muri ubu bwoko bw'uburwayi. Umuntu ufite uburwayi bwa gene iyobora - muri uru rugero, se - afite amahirwe 50% yo kubyara umwana urwaye ufite gene imwe yahindutse na 50% yo kubyara umwana udahwaye. Kugira ngo ugire indwara iterwa na gene iheruka (autosomal recessive disorder), uragomba guhabwa gene ebyiri zahindutse, rimwe na rimwe zizwi nka mutations. Ubona imwe kuri buri mubyeyi. Ubuzima bwabo ntabwo bugira ingaruka kenshi kuko bafite gene imwe gusa yahindutse. Ababyeyi bombi bafite gene yahindutse bafite amahirwe 25% yo kubyara umwana udahwaye ufite gene ebyiri zitahindutse. Bafite amahirwe 50% yo kubyara umwana udahwaye ariko akaba ari umutwaje. Bafite amahirwe 25% yo kubyara umwana urwaye ufite gene ebyiri zahindutse. Impinduka za gene ziterwa na polycystic kidney disease. Akenshi, iyi ndwara iheruka mu miryango. Rimwe na rimwe, impinduka ya gene iba ku giti cyayo mu mwana. Bizwi nka spontaneous gene change. Hanyuma nta mubyeyi ufite kopi ya gene yahindutse. Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bwa polycystic kidney disease. Bitewe n'impinduka zitandukanye za gene. Ubwoko bubiri bwa PKD ni: - Indwara ya polycystic kidney iterwa na gene iyobora (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)). Ni bwo bwoko busanzwe cyane bw'indwara zikomeza z'impyiko zinyura mu miryango, bizwi kandi nka zahawe. Ibimenyetso bya ADPKD bikunze gutangira hagati yimyaka 30 na 40. Umuntu umwe gusa ugomba kugira iyi ndwara kugira ngo ayihereze abana be. Niba umubyeyi umwe afite ADPKD, buri mwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kurwara. Ni bwo bwoko busanzwe cyane bwa polycystic kidney disease. - Indwara ya polycystic kidney iterwa na gene iheruka (Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)). Ubwoko ni buke cyane kurusha ADPKD. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara nyuma gato y'ivuka. Rimwe na rimwe, ibimenyetso ntibigaragara kugeza nyuma y'ubwana cyangwa mu myaka y'ubwangavu. Ababyeyi bombi bagomba kugira impinduka za gene kugira ngo bahe iyi ndwara. Niba ababyeyi bombi batwaye gene yahindutse, buri mwana afite amahirwe 25% yo kurwara. Indwara ya polycystic kidney iterwa na gene iyobora (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)). Ni bwo bwoko busanzwe cyane bw'indwara zikomeza z'impyiko zinyura mu miryango, bizwi kandi nka zahawe. Ibimenyetso bya ADPKD bikunze gutangira hagati yimyaka 30 na 40. Umuntu umwe gusa ugomba kugira iyi ndwara kugira ngo ayihereze abana be. Niba umubyeyi umwe afite ADPKD, buri mwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kurwara. Ni bwo bwoko busanzwe cyane bwa polycystic kidney disease. Indwara ya polycystic kidney iterwa na gene iheruka (Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)). Ubwoko ni buke cyane kurusha ADPKD. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara nyuma gato y'ivuka. Rimwe na rimwe, ibimenyetso ntibigaragara kugeza nyuma y'ubwana cyangwa mu myaka y'ubwangavu. Ababyeyi bombi bagomba kugira impinduka za gene kugira ngo bahe iyi ndwara. Niba ababyeyi bombi batwaye gene yahindutse, buri mwana afite amahirwe 25% yo kurwara.

Ikintu gikomeye cyane gishobora gutera indwara ya polycystic kidney disease ni ugutwara impinduka z'imiterere y'impyiko ziterwa n'indwara, uvuye kuri umwe mu babyeyi cyangwa bombi.

Ingaruka zifitanye isano na indwara ya polycystic kidney disease zirimo:

• Gutakaza imikorere y'impyiko. Impyiko zihomba ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora akazi kazo ni imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye za polycystic kidney disease. Abantu hafi kimwe cya kabiri bafite iyi ndwara bagira ikibazo cy'impyiko zidakora neza mbere y'imyaka 60. Ariko kuri bamwe, bitangira hakiri kare mu myaka 30.
• Kubabara. Ni ibintu bisanzwe kubabara ufite polycystic kidney disease. Akenshi ububabare buri ku ruhande cyangwa inyuma. Ubwo bubabare bushobora kuza no kugenda cyangwa bukaba buhoraho. Ubwo bubabare bushobora kuba bufite isano no kuva amaraso mu gifu, kwandura mu nzira y'umuyoboro w'inkari, ibuye mu mpyiko cyangwa, gake, kanseri.
• Udufuka mu mwijima. Uko abantu bafite polycystic kidney disease bakura, ni ko bishiraho kuba bafite udufuka mu mwijima. Hamwe n'udufuka, akenshi umwijima ukomeza gukora.

Abagore bakunze kugira udufuka duto kurusha abagabo. Hormone n'inda bishobora kuba igice cy'impamvu.

• Aneurysm y'ubwonko. Ububare nk'umupira mu mubiri w'amaraso, bita aneurysm, mu bwonko bushobora gutera kuva amaraso nibururuka. Abantu bafite polycystic kidney disease bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira aneurysm. Abantu bafite amateka y'umuryango wa aneurysm basa nkaho bafite ibyago byinshi.

Baza umuganga wawe niba ukeneye gupimwa. Niba ibizamini bitagaragaza aneurysm, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutekerezaho gupimwa nyuma y'imyaka mike. Igihe cyo gupimwa ukundi biterwa n'ibyago byawe.

• Ibibazo by'umutima. Abantu benshi bangana na 1 kuri 4 bafite polycystic kidney disease barwara mitral valve prolapse. Ibi nibyo bibaho, umutima ntukikinga neza. Ibi bituma amaraso asubira inyuma.
• Ibibazo bya colon. Abantu bafite polycystic kidney disease bashobora kugira intege nke n'udufuka cyangwa amasashi bita diverticula mu rukuta rwa colon. Iyi ndwara yitwa diverticulosis. Akenshi diverticula ntabwo itera ibimenyetso, ariko ishobora kuva amaraso cyangwa ikandura.

Udufuka mu mwijima. Uko abantu bafite polycystic kidney disease bakura, ni ko bishiraho kuba bafite udufuka mu mwijima. Hamwe n'udufuka, akenshi umwijima ukomeza gukora.

Abagore bakunze kugira udufuka duto kurusha abagabo. Hormone n'inda bishobora kuba igice cy'impamvu.

Aneurysm y'ubwonko. Ububare nk'umupira mu mubiri w'amaraso, bita aneurysm, mu bwonko bushobora gutera kuva amaraso nibururuka. Abantu bafite polycystic kidney disease bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira aneurysm. Abantu bafite amateka y'umuryango wa aneurysm basa nkaho bafite ibyago byinshi.

Baza umuganga wawe niba ukeneye gupimwa. Niba ibizamini bitagaragaza aneurysm, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutekerezaho gupimwa nyuma y'imyaka mike. Igihe cyo gupimwa ukundi biterwa n'ibyago byawe.

Niba ufite indwara ya polycystic kidney kandi utekereza kubyara abana, umujyanama w'imfubyi ashobora kugufasha kumenya ibyago byo kwanduza iyi ndwara abana bawe. -Irinda kurya umunyu mwinshi, kurya imbuto, imboga n'ibinyampeke byuzuye. -Gerageza kugira ibiro bikwiye. -Kora siporo buri gihe. Gerageza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri byibuze iminota 30 buri munsi, iminsi myinshi yo mu cyumweru. -Koresha inzoga nke. -Witanywa itabi.

Ku ndwara ya polycystic kidney, ibizamini bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugaragaza ingano n'umubare w'ibitotsi by'impyiko ufite. Ibizamini kandi bishobora kwerekana uko umubiri w'impyiko uzima ufite. Ibizamini birimo:

• MRI scan. Ugiye kuryama imbere muri silindiri nini, amabuye y'amabuye ya magnetique n'amayugi ya radiyo agaragaza ibice by'impyiko zawe. Ubu buryo bukunda gukoreshwa cyane kugira ngo umenye uko PKD igira ingaruka ku mpyiko, umwijima cyangwa pankireasi. MRI ishobora gufasha gupima umubare wose w'impyiko, ibi bifasha abaganga kumenya byinshi ku kibazo cyawe.
• Ultrasound. Ibi bisobanura gushyira igikoresho gisa n'inkoni yitwa transducer ku mubiri wawe. Itanga amajwi ajya inyuma kuri transducer. Mudasobwa ihindura amajwi mu mashusho y'impyiko zawe.
• CT scan. Ugiye kuryama ku meza yinjiye mu gikoresho kinini gifite ishusho y'igitambambuga. Igikoresho gikoresha amabuye ya X-ray kugira ngo kugaragaze amashusho y'impyiko zawe.