Polymyalgia Rheumatica ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Ubuvuzi

Polymyalgia rheumatica ni uburwayi bw’uburaka butera ububabare bw’imikaya n’ubushyuhe, cyane cyane mu bitugu, mu ijosi no mu byondo. Niba ufite imyaka irenga 50 ukabyuka wumva umeze nk’uwakubiswe n’ikamyo, ufite ubushyuhe bukabije butuma ibikorwa byoroshye nko kuzuka mu buriri cyangwa kuzamura amaboko bigorana cyane, iyi ndwara ishobora kuba ari yo urimo.

Iryo zina risobanura mu buryo bw’inyuguti “ububabare bw’imikaya myinshi,” kandi nubwo ryumvikana nk’iry’ubwoba, mu by’ukuri ni uburwayi bwumvikanywe neza kandi bugira igisubizo cyiza cyane ku buvuzi. Abantu benshi bumva barushijeho kumera neza mu minsi mike nyuma yo gutangira imiti ikwiye, nubwo urugendo rwo gukira burundu rusaba kwihangana no gucunga neza.

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ni iki?

Polymyalgia rheumatica ni indwara y’uburaka ikunda kwibasira abantu barengeje imyaka 50, itera ububabare bw’imikaya n’ubushyuhe. Sisteme yanyu y’ubudahangarwa itera igitero ku mubiri muzima, bigatera ububabare mu mpinga z’ingingo zanyu, cyane cyane mu bitugu, mu ijosi no mu byondo.

Mu by’ukuri si uburwayi bw’imikaya, nubwo izina ryabyo ari ryo. Ububabare n’ubushyuhe wumva bituruka ku muraka uri mu ngingo zawe no mu mubiri uzizunguruka. Tekereza ko ari nk’aho uburyo bwawe bwo kwirinda buhuye n’ikibazo bugatera ububabare aho bitagomba kuba.

Iyi ndwara ikunda kwibasira abagore kurusha abagabo kabiri, kandi ikunda kugaragara mu bantu bakomoka mu Burayi bw’Amajyaruguru. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nk’iby’ubwoba igihe ibimenyetso bigaragaye bwa mbere, inkuru nziza ni uko polymyalgia rheumatica ivurwa neza, kandi abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu mirimo yabo isanzwe bafite ubufasha bukwiye.

Ibimenyetso bya Polymyalgia Rheumatica ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi ni ukubabara cyane mu gitondo bishobora kumara amasaha, bigatuma wumva umubiri wawe wafunze nijoro. Ubu bubabare busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku mpande zombi z’umubiri, cyane cyane ku bitugu, ijosi n’amavi.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora guhura na byo:

• Kubabara cyane mu gitondo bikamara iminota 45 cyangwa irenga
• Kubabara mu bitugu, ijosi n’amavi
• Kugorana guhagarara amaboko hejuru y’umutwe
• Kugorana guhaguruka mu buriri cyangwa ku ntebe
• Ububabare bugira ingaruka ku mpande zombi z’umubiri kimwe
• Uburwayi bukabije kurusha ubusanzwe
• Inkorora ya make (busanzwe munsi ya 101°F)
• Igihombo cy’uburemere kitazwi
• Kumva nabi muri rusange

Ububabare busanzwe ari bwo bugora cyane kuko bushobora gutuma ibikorwa byoroshye nko gusuka umusatsi, kugera ku kintu kiri ku gisenge, cyangwa no kwambara umwenda biba bigoye cyane. Abantu benshi bavuga ko bumva bageze mu zabukuru imyaka 20 mu ijoro rimwe.

Mu bimwe mu bihe, ushobora kandi guhura n’ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nko kubyimba mu ntoki no mu birenge, cyangwa kubabara mu maboko no mu mavi. Aya mamenyetso rimwe na rimwe ashobora gutuma ibizamini bigorana, ariko akomeza kuba igice cy’uburyo bumwe bw’uburwayi.

Icyateye Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya polymyalgia rheumatica ntiramenyekana, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko iterwa n’ivangura ry’imiterere ya genetique n’ibintu by’ibidukikije. Ubudahangarwa bwawe bw’umubiri bushobora gucika intege maze bugatangira kwangiza ingingo z’umubiri, bigatera ububabare butera ibimenyetso.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi ndwara:

• Impamvu z’impyiko - imwe muri gene zimwe na zimwe zigutera uko kwibasirwa
• Indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri zishobora gutera igikorwa cy’ubudahangarwa
• Ibintu byo mu karere bitaramenyekana neza
• Impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu mikorere y’ubudahangarwa bwawe

Bamwe mu bashakashatsi batekereza ko kwandura bishobora kuba nk’intandaro mu bantu basanzwe bafite ubushobozi bwo kurwara iyo ndwara. Ubudahangarwa bwawe buhita buhangana n’iyo ndwara, ariko bugakomeza gukora cyane nubwo iyo ndwara imaze gukira.

Ni ngombwa kumva ko atari ikintu watumye kiba cyangwa wakwirinda. Ihuriro ry’ibintu bitera polymyalgia rheumatica rirenze ubushobozi bwawe, kandi nta gihamya gihamya ko imikorere ya buri munsi igira uruhare mu iterambere ryayo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

Wagomba kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka niba ufite uburibwe bukomeye bwo mu gitondo bumaze iminota irenga 45, cyane cyane niba buherekejwe n’ububabare bw’imikaya mu bitugu, mu ijosi, cyangwa mu nkokora. Ntugatege amatsiko ngo urebe niba bizagenda ubwabyo, kuko kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikagufasha kumva wishimye vuba.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga niba ufite ibi bimenyetso:

• Gutangira kw’ububabare n’uburibwe bukomeye
• Kugorana gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi bitewe n’uburibwe
• Ibimenyetso bidakira n’imiti yo kugabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka
• Uburwayi bugabanya ibikorwa byawe bisanzwe
• Igihombo cy’uburemere kitazwi cyangwa umuriro muke

Wagomba gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga ako kanya niba ufite ububabare bukomeye butunguranye bw’umutwe, ibibazo by’ububone, cyangwa ububabare bw’umunwa mugihe urimo kuruma. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’indwara ifitanye isano yitwa giant cell arteritis, isaba kuvurwa vuba kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka zikomeye nko kubura ububone.

Wibuke ko polymyalgia rheumatica isanzwe itera vuba cyane, akenshi mu minsi mike cyangwa mu byumweru bike. Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, gira icyo ukora kandi ntutinye kuvugana n’abaganga bawe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

Imyaka ni yo ntandaro ikomeye y’ibyago, kuko iyi ndwara igaragara hafi ya gusa ku bantu barengeje imyaka 50, kandi imyaka y’imyaka y’ubumenyi ni hafi 70. Niba uri muri urwo kigero kandi ufite ibimenyetso, birakwiye kubiganiraho na muganga wawe.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara polymyalgia rheumatica:

• Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 50 (ikintu cy’ingenzi)
• Kuba umugore (amahirwe yikubye kabiri ugereranyije n’abagabo)
• Kuba ufite inkomoko yo mu Burayi bw’Amajyaruguru
• Kuba ufite imikene y’imibiri runaka (HLA-DRB1 na HLA-DQB1)
• Kuba ufite amateka y’iyi ndwara mu muryango
• Amazi ya virusi cyangwa ya bakteria aherutse kubaho

Nubwo utahindura ibyo bintu byongera ibyago, kubyumva bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kumenya iyi ndwara vuba niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye. Igice cy’imibiri kivuga ko niba ufite abagize umuryango barwaye polymyalgia rheumatica, ushobora kugira ibyago bike kurushaho.

Birakwiye kuzirikana ko kugira ibyo bintu byongera ibyago bidatuma uzahita urwara iyo ndwara. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi ntibigeze barwara polymyalgia rheumatica, mu gihe abandi bafite ibyago bike barayirwara.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora guterwa na Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

Abantu benshi barwaye polymyalgia rheumatica barakira neza hamwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye, ariko hariho ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubaho. Ikibazo gikomeye ni iterambere rya arterite y’uturemangingo binini, indwara ifitanye isano ishobora gutera gutakaza ubwenge niba idakize vuba.

Dore ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kubaho:

• Arterite y’utwicyekuru (ibasira 15-20% by’abantu barwaye polymyalgia rheumatica)
• Ingaruka mbi ziterwa no gukoresha imiti igabanya ububabare igihe kirekire
• Gusaga kw’amagufwa (osteoporosis) biterwa na prednisone
• Ibyago byo kwandura indwara byiyongera
• Kubyibuha n’ihinduka ry’imitekerereze
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru n’ibibazo by’isukari mu maraso
• Intege nke y’imikaya iterwa no kutabyina igihe kirekire

Arterite y’utwicyekuru ni ikibazo gikomeye kurusha ibindi kuko gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso itanga amaraso mu maso no mu bwonko. Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, impinduka z’ububone, cyangwa ububabare mu menyo mu gihe urimo kuruma, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibibazo byinshi biterwa n’ubuvuzi bishobora kuvurwa neza hakoreshejwe gukurikirana neza no guhindura imiti yawe. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone umunono muke w’imiti ukora, kandi ashobora kwandika imiti y’inyongera kugira ngo arinde amagufwa yawe n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Polymyalgia Rheumatica Imenyeshwa Gute?

Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya neza polymyalgia rheumatica, bityo muganga wawe azakoresha imiti y’ibimenyetso byawe, isuzuma ry’umubiri, n’ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo akore ubuvuzi. Uyu muhanda ukunda kuba ugizwe no gukuraho izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk’ibyo.

Muganga wawe azatangira asaba ibibazo birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe, cyane cyane agashyira umutima ku buryo bw’ubushyuhe n’ububabare. Azashaka kumenya igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye, igihe ubukonje bwo mu gitondo bumaze, n’ibice by’umubiri wawe byagizweho ingaruka.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe burimo ibi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma ry’umubiri kugira ngo harebwe uburyo umubiri uhindagurika n’ububabare
• Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe ububabare (ibipimo bya ESR na CRP)
• Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe izindi ndwara (rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies)
• Rimwe na rimwe ibizamini by’amashusho nka ultrasound cyangwa MRI
• Uburyo bwo kuvura imiti igabanya ububabare (akenshi bifasha kwemeza uburwayi)

Ibizamini by'amaraso ni ingenzi cyane kuko bigaragaza ibimenyetso byo kwangirika kw’umubiri. Igipimo cyawe cya erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) na C-reactive protein (CRP) bikunze kuba byarenze urugero rusanzwe, bigaragaza ububabare mu mubiri wawe.

Rimwe na rimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kugerageza gufata prednisone make (umuti wa steroide). Niba ufite polymyalgia rheumatica, uzumva wisanzuye cyane mu minsi mike utangiye kuvurwa, ibyo bigafasha kwemeza uburwayi.

Ubuvuzi bwa Polymyalgia Rheumatica ni bwoki?

Ubuvuzi bw’ibanze bwa polymyalgia rheumatica ni corticosteroids, akenshi prednisone, bishobora kugufasha cyane mu kurwanya ibimenyetso. Abantu benshi bumva bisanzuye cyane mu masaha 24 kugeza kuri 72 batangiye kuvurwa, benshi bakavuga ko babonye ubuzima bwabo.

Gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi izakurikira iyi nzira:

• Umuti wa prednisone utangirwa (akenshi 15-20 mg buri munsi)
• Kumanuka gahoro gahoro kw’umuti mu mezi 12-24
• Kureba buri gihe ibimenyetso n’ibizamini by’amaraso
• Imiti ikingira amagufwa (calcium, vitamine D, bisphosphonates)
• Gusubira kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo ubuvuzi buhindurwe

Ipfundo ry’ubuvuzi bwiza ni ukubona uko ugenzura ibimenyetso byawe no kugabanya ingaruka mbi z’imiti. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo agabanye umuti wa prednisone gahoro gahoro mu gihe akurikirana ibimenyetso byawe n’ibimenyetso byo kwangirika kw’umubiri.

Bamwe bashobora kuba bakeneye imiti y’inyongera nka methotrexate cyangwa tocilizumab niba bagize ikibazo cyo kugabanya prednisone cyangwa bagize ibibazo byinshi. Iyi miti ishobora kugabanya umubare wa prednisone ukeneye kandi ishobora gufasha kwirinda gusubira kw’uburwayi.

Igihe cyose cyo kuvurwa gitandukanye, ariko abantu benshi bakeneye gufata imiti runaka mu gihe cy’imyaka 1-2. Hagati aho, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abantu bashobora guhagarika kuvurwa burundu nyuma y’iki gihe, naho abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa kugira ngo bagumane ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire.

Uko wakwitaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?

Nubwo imiti ari yo yonyine ikomeye mu kuvura, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora mu rugo kugira ngo ufashe umubiri wawe gukira kandi ugabanye ingaruka mbi. Kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ukurikije ubushobozi bwawe no kugira imyifatire myiza rusange mu buzima bishobora gutanga impinduka ikomeye mu mikorere yawe.

Dore ingamba z’ubuzima bwiza ukwiye kwitaho:

• Imikino myoroheje nko kugenda cyangwa koga kugira ngo ukomeze imbaraga
• Imikino yo kwerekera kugira ngo wongere uburyo bwo kugenda neza kandi ugabanye ububabare
• Kurya indyo yuzuye calcium kugira ngo urinde amagufa yawe
• Kuryama bihagije no guhangana n’umunaniro
• Guta imiti ukurikije uko waganirijwe na muganga
• Kwita ku bimenyetso byawe no kubimenyesha muganga igihe bihinduye
• Kwirinda kwandura indwara mu gihe uri gufata imiti ya Steroide

Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ingenzi cyane kuko bifasha mu gukomeza imbaraga z’imikaya yawe n’amagufa mu gihe uri gufata prednisone. Tangira buhoro buhoro hanyuma wiyongerezeho umuvuduko mu gihe ibimenyetso byawe bigenda bigabanuka kandi muganga akemereye.

Witondere ibimenyetso umubiri wawe ugutera kandi ntukomeze gukora imyitozo mu gihe ubona ububabare bukabije, ariko nanone ntukareke ubwoba bw’ububabare bugutera kutakora imyitozo. Abantu benshi basanga ko kugenda buhoro buhoro bifasha mu kugabanya ububabare n’ubukakaye buhoro buhoro.

Wategura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza kandi buhamye. Kuzana amakuru arambuye yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima bizafasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa neza uko uhagaze.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Ibisobanuro birambuye by’ibimenyetso byawe, harimo n’igihe byatangiye
• Urutonde rw’imiti n’ibindi byongerwamo byose ukoresha
• Amakuru yerekeye indwara cyangwa ibyorezo bya vuba aha
• Amateka y’umuryango yerekeye indwara zifata umubiri wose cyangwa izituma umubiri uturika
• Ibibazo ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura n’icyo kwitega
• Ibisubizo by’ibipimo by’amaraso byakozwe mbere cyangwa inyandiko z’ubuvuzi

Bishobora kugufasha kwandika ibyimenyetso byawe mu minsi mike mbere y’aho uganira na muganga, ukerekana igihe ububabare bukabije bugaragara, ibikorwa bigoranye, n’uko ibimenyetso bihinduka mu gihe cy’umunsi. Aya makuru ashobora guha muganga wawe ibimenyetso by’ingenzi.

Ntugatinye kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti mu gihe uganira na muganga, cyane cyane niba wumva uhangayikishijwe n’ibimenyetso. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi no kugushyigikira mu gihe gishobora kuba kigoye.

Ni iki gikuru wakuramo ku ndwara ya Polymyalgia Rheumatica?

Polymyalgia rheumatica ni indwara ivurwa neza, nubwo itangira itera ubwoba kandi igahagarara, ivurwa neza iyo ivuwe uko bikwiye. Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kuvumburwa hakiri kare no kuvura birashobora kugufasha gusubira mu bikorwa byawe bisanzwe vuba.

Hamwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye, abantu benshi bagaragaza iterambere rigaragara mu bimenyetso byabo mu minsi mike nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa. Nubwo inzira yose yo kuvura ishobora gufata imyaka 1-2, abantu benshi bashobora kubona ubuzima bukora kandi buhagije muri iki gihe.

Ipfundo ry’intsinzi ni ugukorana bya hafi n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe, gufata imiti uko yagenewe, no kwihangana mu nzira yo kugabanya umuti buhoro buhoro. Ibuka ko iyi ndwara ifite ibyiringiro byiza, kandi abantu benshi barakira neza nta ngaruka ziramba.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku ndwara ya Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Ese polymyalgia rheumatica ishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Yego, polymyalgia rheumatica ishobora gusubira mu bantu bamwe, cyane cyane niba imiti yahagaritswe vuba cyane. Abantu bagera kuri 25% bahura n'ubundi burwayi, ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko iyi ndwara ikomeye. Niba ibimenyetso bisubiye, muganga wawe ashobora guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura, kandi uzongera kumva wisanzwe vuba ukoresheje imiti yongerewe cyangwa yakomeje.

Nzahora mfata imiti ya steroide?

Abantu benshi ntibakenera imiti ya steroide iteka, nubwo igikorwa cyo kugabanya umwanya bifata igihe n'ubwitonzi. Igihe gisanzwe cyo kuvura ni imyaka 1-2, hagakorwa igabanywa ry'umwanya buhoro buhoro. Abantu bagera kuri ½ bashobora guhagarika burundu kuvurwa, abandi bashobora gukenera umwanya muke cyane wo kubungabunga igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone umwanya muke ufite akamaro kandi amaherezo akureho burundu niba bishoboka.

Ese polymyalgia rheumatica ifitanye isano na rhumatoïde arthritis?

Nubwo zombi ari indwara ziterwa n'uburwayi, polymyalgia rheumatica na rhumatoïde arthritis ni indwara zitandukanye zifite intandaro zitandukanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Polymyalgia rheumatica isanzwe igaragara mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50 kandi igira igisubizo cyiza cyane kuri steroide, mu gihe rhumatoïde arthritis ishobora kugaragara mu myaka yose kandi isaba imiti itandukanye. Ariko, kubatandukanya rimwe na rimwe bisaba isuzuma ry'umuganga.

Ese imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora kongera polymyalgia rheumatica?

Imikino myoroheje isanzwe ifasha aho kwangiza, ariko ni ingenzi gutangira buhoro buhoro no gutega amatwi umubiri wawe. Iyo ibimenyetso byawe byagenzurwa neza n'imiti, ibikorwa bisanzwe bidakomeye nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa imikino myoroheje yo kwerekana imitsi bishobora kugufasha kubungabunga imbaraga zawe n'ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda. Irinde ibikorwa bikomeye cyangwa biremereye kugeza igihe muganga wawe aguhaye uruhushya, kandi uhagarare buri gihe niba wumva ububabare cyangwa umunaniro byiyongereye.

Ndagomba gukora iki niba ntekereza ko mfite ingaruka mbi ziterwa na prednisone?

Hamagara muganga wawe niba ufite ingaruka mbi zikubangamiye ziterwa na prednisone, ariko ntuzarekere gufata imiti ukundi utarabonye inama y’abaganga. Ingaruka zisanzwe zigaragara harimo kongera ubushake bwo kurya, guhinduka kw’imitekerereze, kugorana gusinzira, no kwiyongera kw’uburwayi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gucunga izi ngaruka kandi ashobora guhindura umwanya cyangwa yongere imiti irinda nk’umucanga na vitamine D ku buzima bw’amagufa.