Polimyozite ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Polimyozite ni indwara iterwa na système immunitaire aho système yawe y’ubwirinzi itera ibibazo mu mitsi yawe, bigatera kubyimba no kunanirwa. Tekereza ko système yawe y’ubwirinzi yibeshye, igatera ibibazo mu mitsi ikozwe neza aho kugaba igitero ku ndwara.

Iyi ndwara ikunda kwibasira cyane imitsi iri hafi y’igituza cyawe, nka ya mitsi yo mu bitugu, mu kibuno, no mu mavi. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nkibintu bikaze, gusobanukirwa polimyozite bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare kandi ukakorana n’abaganga bawe kugira ngo uyirinde neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya polimyozite?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru cya polimyozite ni kunanirwa kw’imitsi gutera gahoro gahoro mu byumweru cyangwa amezi. Ushobora kubona ko bigoye kuzamuka igitanda, kuzamura amaboko hejuru, cyangwa kuzuka ku ntebe.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Kunananirwa kw’imitsi buhoro buhoro, cyane cyane mu bitugu, mu kibuno, no mu mavi
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima cyangwa guhinduka kw’ijwi ryawe
• Kubabara kw’imitsi no kubyimba
• Uburwayi budakira nubwo wari uhagaritse
• Guhumeka nabi mugihe ukora imyitozo
• Gutakaza ibiro utabishaka

Bamwe bagira n’ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nko kubabara mu ngingo, umuriro, cyangwa ibibyimba byoroheje ku ruhu. Kunanirwa kw’imitsi bisanzwe bikunda kuba ku mpande zombi z’umubiri, ibyo bishobora gufasha abaganga kubitandukanya n’izindi ndwara z’imitsi.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, polimyozite ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y’umutima cyangwa imitsi ifasha mu guhumeka. Nubwo ibyo bibazo bidafite akamaro, niyo mpamvu kuvura hakiri kare ari ingenzi cyane ku buzima bwawe rusange.

Ni iki gatera polimyozite?

Intandaro nyakuri ya polimyozite ntisobanuwe neza, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko ari indwara iterwa na système immunitaire. Ibi bivuze ko système yawe y’ubwirinzi, isanzwe ikurinda indwara, yibeshya ikabona imitsi yawe nk’ibintu by’amahanga ikayigabaho igitero.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi réaction ya système immunitaire:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi, nka Epstein-Barr virus cyangwa influenza
• Indwara ziterwa na bagiteri
• Imiti imwe, harimo imiti imwe igabanya cholesterol
• Imirire y’umuryango ikugiraho ingaruka
• Ibintu byo mu kirere nko kwibasirwa n’izuba cyangwa stress

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko polimyozite atari indwara yandura, kandi ntushobora kuyanduza undi muntu. Iyi ndwara kandi ntiragwa mu miryango, nubwo kugira imirire imwe bishobora kukugira hafi yo kuyirwara.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, polimyozite ishobora gufatanya na kanseri, cyane cyane mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50. Ubu bufatanye bukunze kugaragara mu kigero cya 10-15% by’ababirwaye, niyo mpamvu muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gupimwa kanseri nk’igice cyo gusuzuma ubuzima bwawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera polimyozite?

Ugomba kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ubona kunanirwa kw’imitsi bidakira bikubuza gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Ntugatege amatwi niba ibikorwa byoroshye nko gusukura umusatsi, kuzamuka igitanda, cyangwa kuzuka ku ntebe bikugora cyane.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ikibazo cyo kwishima, ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, cyangwa ubabara cyane mu mitsi. Ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ingenzi kandi ikenera kuvurwa vuba.

Kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda ko imitsi yangirika burundu kandi bikongera ibyiringiro byawe byo kumera neza mu gihe kirekire. Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo yemeze niba ibimenyetso byawe bifitanye isano na polimyozite cyangwa izindi ndwara.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara polimyozite?

Gusobanukirwa abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara polimyozite bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso. Iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku bantu mu buryo butandukanye, ariko ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago byawe.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Kuba uri hagati y’imyaka 30 na 60, nubwo ishobora kugaragara mu kigero icyo ari cyo cyose
• Kuba umugore, kuko abagore bafite ibyago bibiri byo kurwara iyi ndwara
• Kugira izindi ndwara ziterwa na système immunitaire nka lupus cyangwa rheumatoid arthritis
• Kugira amateka y’indwara ziterwa na système immunitaire mu muryango
• Indwara za virusi cyangwa bagiteri uherutse kurwara

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bidafite akamaro byongera ibyago birimo kwibasirwa n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe byangiza ibidukikije cyangwa gufata imiti imwe. Ariko, kugira ibyo bintu ntibisobanura ko uzirwara polimyozite.

Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibarwara iyi ndwara, kandi bamwe badafite ibyago bizwi barayirwara. Ibyago byawe byihariye biterwa n’imiterere y’imirire yawe, ibidukikije, na système immunitaire.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na polimyozite?

Nubwo polimyozite ishobora kuvurwa neza, ni byiza kwibaza ibibazo bishobora guterwa. Abantu benshi baramererwa neza bafashwe neza, ariko kumenya ibibazo bishoboka bigufasha gukorana n’abaganga bawe.

Ibibazo bisanzwe ukwiye kumenya birimo:

• Ikibazo cyo kwishima, gishobora gutera guhumeka nabi cyangwa indwara z’ibihaha
• Ikibazo cyo guhumeka niba imitsi iri hafi y’ibihaha yawe igira ingaruka
• Guhindagurika kw’umutima cyangwa kubyimba kw’umutima
• Kubyimba cyangwa gukomera kw’ibihaha mu bihe bimwe na bimwe
• Ibyago byo kugwa kubera kunanirwa kw’imitsi

Ibibazo bidafite akamaro ariko bikomeye birimo kwangirika cyane kw’imitsi cyangwa ibibazo by’impyiko bituruka ku mitsi yinjiye mu maraso. Bamwe bashobora kugira ibibyimba bya calcium mu mitsi cyangwa ku ruhu.

Inkuru nziza ni uko, hakiri kare kuvurwa, ibyo bibazo byinshi bishobora kwirindwa cyangwa kugabanuka. Gukurikiranwa n’abaganga bawe bigufasha kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare igihe bishobora kuvurwa.

Polimyozite imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya polimyozite bisaba ibizamini byinshi kuko nta kizami kimwe gishobora kwemeza iyi ndwara. Muganga wawe azatangira akumenye neza kandi agasuzume ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma busanzwe burimo ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari enzymes z’imitsi nyinshi n’antibodies zihari. Ibyo bizamini bifasha kugaragaza niba imitsi yawe yangiritse kandi niba système immunitaire yawe igira uruhare.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba gukora ibizamini bya electromyography (EMG), bipima ingufu z’amashanyarazi mu mitsi yawe. Iki kizami kidakomeretsa gishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bisanzwe by’indwara z’imitsi nka polimyozite.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, gupima imitsi bishobora kuba ngombwa. Ibi bisobanura gufata igice gito cy’imitsi kugira ngo harebwe mikoroskopi ibimenyetso byo kubyimba no kwangirika. Nubwo ibi bishobora kugaragara nkibintu bikaze, ni uburyo busanzwe butanga amakuru y’ingenzi yo gusuzuma.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba X-rays cyangwa CT scans kugira ngo harebwe ibihaha n’umutima. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa neza uko iyi ndwara imeze no gutegura ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ubuvuzi bwa polimyozite ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa polimyozite bugamije kugabanya kubyimba, kubungabunga imikorere y’imitsi, no kwirinda ibibazo. Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bagira icyizere mu buvuzi kandi bashobora kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi ishobora kuba irimo uburyo butandukanye:

• Corticosteroids nka prednisone kugira ngo bagabanye kubyimba vuba
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa kugira ngo ifashe kugenzura système immunitaire yawe
• Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri kugira ngo bungabunge imbaraga z’imitsi n’ubushobozi bwo kugenda
• Gukurikiranwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe aho ugeze kandi ubuvuzi buhindurwe
• Kuvura ibibazo byose bigaragara

Muganga wawe azatangira imiti yo kugenzura kubyimba mu mitsi yawe. Corticosteroids akenshi zitanga igisubizo cyihuse, nubwo ushobora kuba ukeneye izindi miti mu gihe kirekire.

Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri bugira uruhare rukomeye mu kumera neza kwawe. Umuganga w’inzobere ashobora gutegura imyitozo ifasha kubungabunga imbaraga z’imitsi yawe udatakaje imbaraga. Icyo kintu ni ingenzi mu kwirinda kwangirika kw’imitsi burundu.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe aho ubuvuzi busanzwe budakora, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kuvurwa ibintu bishya nka intravenous immunoglobulin cyangwa biologics. Ibyo bivurwa byateye imbere bishobora gufasha cyane abantu batavurwa neza n’imiti isanzwe.

Uko wakwitwara murugo ufite polimyozite

Kwitwara murugo ufite polimyozite bisobanura kwita ku buzima bwawe rusange ufasha ubuvuzi bwawe. Ibintu bito bya buri munsi bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kuntu wumva kandi ukora.

Fata umwanya wo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe nkuko umuganga wawe yabigutegetse. Ibyo bishobora kuba birimo imyitozo yo kugerageza kugenda, kwicara, cyangwa kugenda utuje. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukomeza kugenda udatakaje imbaraga.

Witondere imirire yawe. Kurya indyo yuzuye ifite proteine nyinshi bishobora gufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bw’imitsi, naho calcium na vitamine D ni ingenzi niba ufashe corticosteroids igihe kirekire.

Jya utuza uko umunsi ugenda, kandi utege amatwi umubiri wawe. Nta kibazo niba uhagaritse igihe ukeneye, kandi kugabanya ibikorwa binini mu bito bishobora kugufasha kuguma ufite ubushobozi bwo kwikorera ibintu byawe ukoresheje imbaraga nke.

Tekereza gukora amazu yawe akwiriye kugira ngo wirinde kugwa, ushyireho ibintu byo gufata mu bwiherero, kandi ube ufite amatara ahagije. Ibyo bintu byoroshye bishobora kwirinda kugwa kandi bikugira icyizere mu kugenda mu nzu yawe.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitoza gusura muganga wawe bigufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse mu gihe.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose, imiti y’inyongera, na vitamine ufata. Bandika umubare w’imiti n’igihe uyifata, kuko imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imitsi cyangwa ikagira ingaruka ku buvuzi bwa polimyozite.

Tegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, n’icyo witeze. Ntugatinye kubabaza ibibazo ku ngaruka mbi z’imiti cyangwa uko iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi n’ubuzima bwawe bw’igihe kirekire.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yawe mu ruzinduko rwawe. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi no kugufasha mu gihe wumva uhangayitse.

Komeza kwandika ibimenyetso byawe hagati y’uruzinduko, ugaragaze imbaraga zawe, imbaraga z’imitsi yawe, n’ibimenyetso bishya. Ibyo bintu bifasha muganga wawe gukurikirana aho ugeze no guhindura gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cy’ingenzi kuri polimyozite

Polimyozite ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa iterwa na système immunitaire igira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe, ariko hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, abantu benshi bashobora kugira imikorere myiza n’ubuzima bwiza. Kuvura hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo hagerwe ku musaruro mwiza.

Nubwo kuvurwa bishobora kugaragara nkibintu bikaze, ibuka ko ubuvuzi bukorerwa neza buhari. Gukorana n’abaganga bawe, kuguma ukora imyitozo uko ubishoboye, no kwita ku buzima bwawe rusange bishobora kugufasha kubaho neza ufite iyi ndwara.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukutarwana n’iyi ndwara wenyine. Abaganga bawe, umuryango wawe, n’abantu bagufasha bari aho kugufasha guca muri uru rugendo no kubungabunga ubushobozi bwawe n’imibereho myiza.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri polimyozite

Polimyozite ni kimwe na fibromyalgia?

Oya, polimyozite na fibromyalgia ni indwara zitandukanye. Polimyozite itera kunanirwa kw’imitsi kubera kubyimba, mu gihe fibromyalgia itera ububabare no kubyimba bidatera kunanirwa kw’imitsi. Ibizamini by’amaraso no gupima imitsi bishobora gufasha abaganga gutandukanya izi ndwara.

Polimyozite ishobora gukira?

Yego, abantu benshi barwaye polimyozite bagira ibihe byo gukira aho ibimenyetso bigabanuka cyangwa bikavaho by’agateganyo. Ariko, iyi ndwara ikunda gusaba kuvurwa buri gihe kugira ngo ikire kandi kwirinda ko igaruka. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone imiti ikwiye.

Nzagomba gufata imiti ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Ibi biterwa n’umuntu ku giti cye. Bamwe bashobora kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika imiti niba ubuzima bwabo bumeze neza, abandi bakeneye kuvurwa igihe kirekire kugira ngo kwirinde ko ibimenyetso bigarutse. Muganga wawe azakumenya buri gihe niba ushobora guhindura imiti yawe ukurikije uko uyisubiza.

Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mfite polimyozite?

Yego, ariko uburyo n’uburemere bw’imyitozo bigomba kuyoborwa n’abaganga bawe. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe ni byiza mu kubungabunga imikorere y’imitsi no kwirinda gukomera. Umuganga w’inzobere ashobora gutegura gahunda y’imyitozo ikwiye uko imbaraga zawe zimeze n’uburyo imitsi yawe ibyimba.

Polimyozite igira ingaruka ku gihe cyo kubaho?

Hahoze kuvurwa, abantu benshi barwaye polimyozite bafite igihe cyo kubaho gisanzwe cyangwa hafi ya gisanzwe. Ikintu nyamukuru ni kuvura hakiri kare no gufata neza iyi ndwara n’ibibazo byose. Gukurikiranwa n’abaganga bawe bigufasha kugira ibyiringiro byiza mu gihe kirekire.