Ububabare Bw'Amaso

Ijisho ryawe ni urwego rugoye kandi rworoshye, rufite ubunini bwa santimetero 2.5. Ryakira amakuru ayandi miliyoni yerekeye isi yo hanze, akaba ako kanya atunganywa n'ubwonko bwawe.

Ubuhumyi bw'amabara- cyangwa ahanini, kubura cyangwa kudakora neza kw'ubuhumyi bw'amabara- ni ubutabasha kubona itandukaniro hagati y'amabara amwe. Nubwo abantu benshi bakoresha ijambo "ubuhumyi bw'amabara" kuri iki kibazo, ubuhumyi nyakuri bw'amabara- aho byose bibonwa mu mwirondoro w'umukara n'umweru- ni gake.

Ubuhumyi bw'amabara busanzwe bukomoka ku miryango. Abagabo nibo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuvuka bafite ubuhumyi bw'amabara. Abantu benshi bafite ubuhumyi bw'amabara ntibashobora kumenya itandukaniro hagati y'ibice bimwe by'umutuku n'icyatsi. Gake, abantu bafite ubuhumyi bw'amabara ntibashobora kumenya itandukaniro hagati y'ibice by'ubururu n'umuhondo.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso hamwe n'imiti imwe na imwe bishobora guteza ubuhumyi bw'amabara.

Ushobora kuba ufite ikibazo cyo kubona amabara kandi ntukizi. Bamwe bamenya ko bo cyangwa umwana wabo afite icyo kibazo iyo cyateje ikibazo- nko mu gihe hari ibibazo byo gutandukanya amabara ku mucyo wa trafike cyangwa gusobanura ibikoresho byo kwiga byanditseho amabara. Abantu bafite ubumuga bwo kubona amabara bashobora kutamenya gutandukanya: Ibice bitandukanye by'umutuku n'icyatsi. Ibice bitandukanye by'ubururu n'umuhondo. Amabara yose. Ikibazo cyo kubona amabara gikunze kugaragara ni ukudashobora kubona ibice bimwe by'umutuku n'icyatsi. Akenshi, umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kubona umutuku n'icyatsi cyangwa ubururu n'umuhondo ntabwo aba adashobora kubona ayo mabara yose. Icyo kibazo gishobora kuba gito, gihambaye cyangwa gikomeye. Niba ukeka ko ufite ibibazo byo gutandukanya amabara runaka cyangwa uko kubona kwawe kwamabara bihinduka, reba umuganga w'amaso kugira ngo akore isuzuma. Ni ngombwa ko abana bakorerwa isuzuma ry'amaso rirambuye, harimo no gusuzuma uko babona amabara, mbere yo kujya ku ishuri. Nta muti uwo ari wo wose uravura ubumuga bwo kubona amabara bwavutse, ariko niba indwara cyangwa indwara y'amaso ari yo yabiteye, kuvurwa bishobora kunoza uko ubona amabara.

Niba ukeka ko ufite ikibazo cyo kumenya amabara amwe cyangwa uko kubona kwawe kwamabara bihinduka, reba umuganga w'amaso kugira ngo akore isuzuma. Ni ngombwa ko abana bapimwa amaso neza, harimo no gupima uko babona amabara, mbere yo kujya ku ishuri.

Nta muti uwo ari wo wose uravura ubumuga bwo kubona amabara bwavutse, ariko niba indwara cyangwa uburwayi bw'amaso ari bwo butera, kuvurwa bishobora kunoza uko ubona amabara.

Kubona amabara mu buryo bwose bw'umucyo ni igikorwa kigoranye gitangirana n'ubushobozi bw'amaso yawe bwo gusubiza uburebure butandukanye bw'umucyo.

Umucyo, ugizwe n'uburebure bw'amabara yose, winjira mu jisho ryawe unyuze mu gishishwa cy'ijisho hanyuma unyura mu ijisho n'umusemburo usa n'umutobe uri mu jisho ryawe (umusemburo wa vitreous) ujya mu mitobe y'amaso ifite ubushobozi bwo kubona uburebure bw'umucyo (cones) inyuma y'ijisho ryawe mu gice cya macular cy'umunyuramyenge. Izo mitobe zibona uburebure bugufi (ubururu), buringaniye (icyatsi) cyangwa burebure (umutuku) bw'umucyo. Ibinyabutabire biri muri izo mitobe bitera isubiramo kandi byohereza amakuru y'uburebure bw'umucyo binyuze mu mpinduro y'amaso ajya mu bwonko bwawe.

Niba amaso yawe ari meza, ubona ibara. Ariko niba izo mitobe zidafite imwe cyangwa nyinshi mu binya butari bire mu kubona uburebure bw'umucyo, ntuzashobora kumenya amabara umutuku, icyatsi cyangwa ubururu.

Ubuhumyi bw'amabara bufite imvano nyinshi:

• Indwara irazwa. Kugira ubumuga bwo kubona amabara birazwi cyane mu bagabo kurusha abagore. Ubumuga bwo kubona amabara bumenyerewe cyane ni ubw'umutuku n'icyatsi, ubw'ubururu n'umuhondo bukaba buke cyane. Ni bibi cyane kutajya ubona ibara na rimwe.

Ushobora kuzaragwa ubumuga buke, buringaniye cyangwa bukomeye. Ubumuga bwo kubona amabara buhora bugira ingaruka ku maso yombi, kandi uburemere bwabwo ntibuhhinduka mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwawe.

• Indwara. Zimwe mu ndwara zishobora gutera ubumuga bwo kubona amabara ni indwara ya sickle cell, diyabete, kwangirika kwa macular, indwara ya Alzheimer, sclerosis nyinshi, glaucoma, indwara ya Parkinson, kunywa inzoga cyane no kurwara kanseri y'amaraso. Ijisho rimwe rishobora kugira ingaruka kurusha irindi, kandi ubumuga bwo kubona ibara bushobora kuzahuka niba indwara yabiteye ishobora kuvurwa.
• Gukura. Ubushobozi bwawe bwo kubona amabara bugabanuka buhoro buhoro uko ugenda ukura.
• Ibinyabutabire. Kwihanganira imiti imwe mu kazi, nka carbon disulfide na fertilizers, bishobora gutera igihombo cyo kubona amabara.

Indwara irazwa. Kugira ubumuga bwo kubona amabara birazwi cyane mu bagabo kurusha abagore. Ubumuga bwo kubona amabara bumenyerewe cyane ni ubw'umutuku n'icyatsi, ubw'ubururu n'umuhondo bukaba buke cyane. Ni bibi cyane kutajya ubona ibara na rimwe.

Ushobora kuzaragwa ubumuga buke, buringaniye cyangwa bukomeye. Ubumuga bwo kubona amabara buhora bugira ingaruka ku maso yombi, kandi uburemere bwabwo ntibuhhinduka mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwawe.

Ibisobanuro byinshi byongera ibyago byo kubura ubushobozi bwo kumenya amabara, birimo:

Igitsina. Kubura ubushobozi bwo kumenya amabara birakunda cyane mu bagabo kurusha abagore.

Amateka y'umuryango. Kubura ubushobozi bwo kumenya amabara akenshi birakomoka ku miryango, bisobanura ko byakomoka ku miryango. Ushobora kuzaragwa uburwayi buke, buringaniye cyangwa bukabije. Ubusembwa bwo kutabona amabara bukomoka ku miryango busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku maso yombi, kandi uburemere bwabwo ntibuhhinduka mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwawe.

Indwara. Zimwe mu ndwara zishobora kongera ibyago byo kubura ubushobozi bwo kumenya amabara harimo indwara ya sickle cell, diyabete, macular degeneration, indwara ya Alzheimer, sclerosis nyinshi, glaucoma, indwara ya Parkinson, kunywa inzoga ikaze ndetse na leukemia. Ijisho rimwe rishobora kugira ingaruka kurusha irindi, kandi ubusembwa bwo kutabona amabara bushobora kumera neza niba indwara y'ibanze ishobora kuvurwa.

Imiti imwe. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubona amabara, nka hydrochloroquine, imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura rheumatoid arthritis.

Iguma ry'ijisho. Kubura ubushobozi bwo kumenya amabara bishobora guterwa n'igikomere cy'ijisho kubera imvune, kubagwa, imirasire cyangwa kuvurwa kwa laser.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubona amwe mu mabara, umuganga wawe w'amaso arashobora gukora ikizamini kugira ngo arebe niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona amabara. Birashoboka ko uzakorwaho isuzuma ry'amaso rirambuye kandi ukazerekwa amafoto yabugenewe y'udutuma tw'amabara atandukanye, aho imibare cyangwa imiterere itandukanye yihishe muri ayo mabara.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubona amabara, bizakugora cyangwa bidashoboka kubona bimwe mu bishushanyo biri muri ayo dutima.