Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Kubura kugaragaza amajwi, bisanzwe bizwi nka ubuhumyi bw'amajwi, ni uburwayi aho ugira ikibazo cyo kubona cyangwa gutandukanya amajwi amwe. Ibi bibaho iyo utubumbe twumva umucyo mu maso yawe tudakora neza mu gupima amajwi runaka cyangwa itandukaniro ry'amajwi.

Abagera kuri umwe kuri 12 mu bagabo n'umwe kuri 200 mu bagore bafite ubwoko runaka bwo kudakora neza kw'amajwi. Abantu benshi bafite iki kibazo bashobora kubona amajwi, ariko bashobora kwitiranya ibara rimwe na rimwe cyangwa kubona bitandukanye n'abandi.

Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni iki?

Kubura kugaragaza amajwi bibaho iyo utubumbe tw'umushyitsi mu maso yawe tudakora nk'uko bikwiye. Umusyitsi wawe ufite ubwoko butatu bw'utubumbe twumva umucyo ugaragaza ibara ritukura, ibara ry'icyatsi, n'ibara ry'ubururu.

Iyo ubwoko bumwe cyangwa birenga by'utubumbe twumva umucyo butabaho, budakora neza, cyangwa bugapima amajwi atandukanye, ugira ibibazo byo kubona amajwi. Ibi bishobora kuva ku gukomeza gutandukanya amajwi asa, kugeza ku kutamenya amajwi amwe na amwe.

Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bavukana iki kibazo kandi bashobora kutamenya ko babona amajwi atandukanye kugeza igihe bapimwe. Iki kibazo gisanzwe kiba kimwe mu buzima kandi ntikirushaho kuba kibi uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Ibimenyetso byo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ugukomeza gutandukanya amajwi amwe cyangwa kubona nk'amajwi atandukanye n'uko abantu benshi babona. Ushobora kubona izo mbogamizi mu bintu bya buri munsi utabizi ko bifitanye isano no kubura kugaragaza amajwi.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Ikibazo cyo gutandukanya ibara ritukura n'iry'icyatsi
• Ikibazo cyo gutandukanya ibara ry'ubururu n'iry'umuhondo cyangwa iry'icyatsi n'iry'umuhondo
• Ibibazo byo gusoma amagambo yanditswe mu ibara ku ibara
• Kwitiranya amatara y'umuhanda, cyane cyane gutandukanya ibara ritukura n'iry'icyatsi
• Ikibazo cyo kumenya imbuto cyangwa imboga zikuze bitewe n'ibara
• Ibibazo byo gukoresha amakarita, imbonerahamwe, cyangwa imigani ifite amajwi
• Ibibazo byo guhuza ibara ry'imyenda
• Ikibazo cyo kubona ifu y'ibara ku mabara y'umukara

Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo gito cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bahindura cyane ku buryo batabona izo mbogamizi. Abandi bashobora kwiringira urumuri, imiterere, cyangwa aho ibintu biherereye aho kureba ibara kugira ngo bamenye ibintu.

Ubwoko bwo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ibihe?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwo kudakora neza kw'amajwi, bwagabanyijemo ibice bitewe n'amajwi utashobora kubona. Ubwoko busanzwe cyane bugira ingaruka ku buryo ubona ibara ritukura n'iry'icyatsi.

Ubwoko nyamukuru burimo:

• Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi atukura n'icyatsi: Ubwoko busanzwe cyane, bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutandukanya ibara ritukura n'iry'icyatsi
• Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi y'ubururu n'umuhondo: Budakunze kugaragara, butera ikibazo cyo kubona amajwi y'ubururu n'umuhondo neza
• Ubuhumyi bwuzuye bw'amajwi: Uburwayi buke cyane aho ubona ibintu by'umukara n'umweru gusa

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi atukura n'icyatsi bufite ubwoko bubiri. Protanomaly ituma ibara ritukura rigaraagara nk'iryoroshye, mu gihe deuteranomaly igira ingaruka ku buryo ubona ibara ry'icyatsi. Ibi bibazo bishobora kuva ku gito kugeza ku gikomeye.

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi y'ubururu n'umuhondo, bitwa tritanomaly, ni bike cyane kandi bigira ingaruka ku bagabo n'abagore kimwe. Ubuhumyi bwuzuye bw'amajwi, cyangwa monochromacy, ni bike cyane kandi kenshi biba bifitanye isano n'ibindi bibazo by'amaso nko kumva umucyo.

Impamvu zo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni izihe?

Ibyinshi mu bibazo byo kubura kugaragaza amajwi birakomoka ku mubyeyi, bisobanura ko wavukanye iki kibazo kubera imyanya yavuye mu babyeyi bawe. Iyi myanya ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bagabo kurusha abagore.

Iyi myanya ibaho iyo hari ikibazo ku mpyanya zigenga utubumbe twumva umucyo mu maso yawe. Kubera ko izo mpyanya ziba ku gitsina X, abagabo nibo bakunze kugira ikibazo kuko bafite igitsina X kimwe gusa.

Rimwe na rimwe kubura kugaragaza amajwi bishobora kuba nyuma y'imyaka kubera izindi mpamvu:

• Indwara z'amaso nka glaucoma, macular degeneration, cyangwa diabetic retinopathy
• Ubusaza, bushobora kugira ingaruka ku maso n'umusyitsi
• Imiti imwe, harimo imiti imwe yo kuvura indwara z'umutima
• Kumenya imiti mibi nka carbon disulfide cyangwa ifumbire
• Imvune mu mutwe zigira ingaruka ku bice by'ubwonko bukorera amajwi
• Cataracts ihindura uburyo umucyo winjira mu maso yawe

Ibibazo byo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bikunze kugira ingaruka ku maso yombi atandukanye kandi bishobora kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda ishira. Ibi bitandukanye n'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi, busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku maso yombi kimwe kandi buguma kimwe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi?

Ukwiye kubona muganga w'amaso niba utunguwe no guhindura uburyo ubona amajwi, cyane cyane niba bibaye nk'umuntu mukuru. Guhindura amajwi by'amajwi bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'amaso cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima bikeneye kwitabwaho.

Teganya gupanga gupima niba ufite imwe muri iyi mimerere:

• Ikibazo cy'amajwi cy'amajwi cyatunguranye udashobora kubona mbere
• Ibibazo byo kubona amajwi bigaragara ko biri kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda ishira
• Ikibazo cyo gukora ibintu bya buri munsi kubera kwitiranya amajwi
• Ibibazo byo kubona amajwi bigira ingaruka ku kazi cyangwa amasomo yawe
• Amateka y'umuryango w'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi kandi ushaka gupimwa wowe ubwawe cyangwa abana bawe

Kumenya hakiri kare ni ingenzi cyane ku bana. Niba ibibazo byo kubona amajwi bidasobanuwe, abana bashobora kugira ibibazo mu ishuri hamwe n'ibikoresho byigisho bifite amajwi cyangwa bakumva bababajwe batumva impamvu.

Abantu bakuru bakora imirimo imwe nko gukora amashanyarazi, gutwara ibinyabiziga, cyangwa gukora ibishushanyo bakeneye gupimwa amajwi kugira ngo bakore akazi cyangwa impamvu z'umutekano.

Ibyago byo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kugira ibibazo byo kubona amajwi. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka gupimwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa.

Ibyago nyamukuru birimo:

• Kuba umugabo: Abagabo nibo bakunze kugira ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi
• Amateka y'umuryango: Kugira abavandimwe bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi byongera ibyago byawe
• Imyaka: Kubona amajwi bishobora kugabanuka uko ugenda ukura
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe: Diabete, glaucoma, na macular degeneration bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubona amajwi
• Gukoresha imiti: Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ubona amajwi
• Imvune z'amaso: Imvune mu maso cyangwa mu mutwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubona amajwi
• Kumenya imiti mibi: Imiti mibi yo mu kazi cyangwa ibidukikije ishobora kwangiza kubona amajwi

Niba ufite ibyago byinshi, ntibisobanura ko uzagira ibibazo byo kubona amajwi. Ariko, kumenya ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha gukurikirana impinduka no gushaka ubufasha ukeneye.

Ingaruka zishoboka zo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni izihe?

Nubwo kubura kugaragaza amajwi atari akaga ku buzima bwawe, bishobora gutera ibibazo mu buzima bwa buri munsi no mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Abantu benshi bahindura neza, ariko ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutekano n'imibereho.

Ibibazo ushobora guhura na byo birimo:

• Ikibazo cyo gutwara imodoka neza, cyane cyane nijoro cyangwa mu gihe cy'imvura
• Ibibazo byo gukora akazi mu mirimo ishingiye ku majwi
• Ibibazo by'amasomo hamwe n'ibikoresho byigisho bifite amajwi
• Ibintu by'imibanire aho kumenya amajwi ari ingenzi
• Ikibazo cyo guteka, cyane cyane kumenya igihe inyama ziteguwe neza
• Ibibazo byo gusoma ibyo kuburira cyangwa ibimenyetso by'umutekano bifite amajwi
• Ibibazo hamwe n'imyidagaduro nko guhinga, ubuhanzi, cyangwa gufotora

Ingaruka nke zishobora kubaho niba ibibazo byo kubona amajwi bibaye by'amajwi kubera ibibazo by'ubuzima. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gukomeza kuba kibi kw'indwara y'amaso cyangwa gutera imbere mu bibazo bikomeye by'amaso.

Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bakora uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana kandi babayeho ubuzima buuzuye, busanzwe. Abantu benshi bakomeye, barimo abahanzi n'abashushanya, bafite ibibazo byo kubona amajwi kandi basanze uburyo bwo kwihangira umurimo mu mirimo yabo.

Uburyo bwo Gukumira Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ubuhe?

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi ntibushobora gukumirwa kuko biterwa n'impyanya zawe mbere y'uko uvuka. Ariko, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kwirinda ibibazo byo kubona amajwi bikunze kuba nyuma y'imyaka.

Dore uburyo bwo kugumana ubuzima bwiza bw'amaso:

• Kora ibizamini byuzuye by'amaso kugira ngo umenye ibibazo hakiri kare
• Genzura indwara nka diabete zishobora kugira ingaruka ku maso yawe
• Kwirinda imvune z'amaso hamwe n'ibikoresho by'umutekano bikwiye
• Kwitonda ku miti izwiho kugira ingaruka ku kubona amajwi
• Kwirinda kumenya imiti mibi igihe bishoboka
• Kugumana ubuzima bwiza bw'amaso hamwe n'ibiryo biringaniye no kwirinda izuba

Niba ufite abagize umuryango bafite ubuhumyi bw'amajwi, inama y'impyanya ishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa amahirwe yo guha abana bawe iki kibazo. Iyo makuru ishobora gufasha mu gufata ibyemezo by'umuryango.

Kumenya hakiri kare binyuze mu bizamini by'amaso ni cyo cyiza cyo gucunga impinduka zose z'amaso zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ubona amajwi.

Uburyo bwo Kubona Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ubuhe?

Kumenya uburwayi bwo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bikubiyemo ibizamini byoroshye, bidatera ububabare muganga w'amaso ashobora gukora mu gihe cyo gupima amaso. Ikizamini gisanzwe cyane gikoresha amabara n'imibare abantu bafite amaso asanzwe bashobora kubona byoroshye.

Muganga w'amaso yawe azakoresha imwe cyangwa irenga iyi mibare yo gupima:

• Ikizamini cya Ishihara: Kureba imirongo y'amabara afite imibare cyangwa ibishushanyo byihishe imbere
• Ikizamini cya Farnsworth-Munsell: Gushyira amabara mu murongo kuva ku mucyo kugeza ku mwijima
• Anomaloscope: Guhuza amajwi binyuze mu guhindura amatara atukura n'icyatsi
• Ibizamini bya mudasobwa: Ibikoresho bya mudasobwa bishobora gutanga ibisubizo birambuye

Uburyo bwo gupima ni bwihuse kandi bworoheye. Uzareba gusa ibikoresho byo gupima kandi ugaragaze icyo ubona cyangwa ukore amabwiriza runaka yo gushyira amajwi.

Niba muganga wawe akekako uburwayi buriho butera ibibazo byo kubona amajwi, ashobora kugusaba ibizamini byongeyeho. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini byirambuye by'amaso, ibizamini by'amashusho, cyangwa amaraso yo gusuzuma ubuzima bushobora kugira ingaruka ku maso yawe.

Ubuvuzi bwo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni ubuhe?

Ubu, nta muti w'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi, ariko hari ibikoresho n'uburyo byinshi bishobora kugufasha gucunga iki kibazo neza. Abantu benshi bahindura neza kandi bashaka uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye n'ibibazo byo kubona amajwi.

Ibikoresho byo kuvura n'ibikoresho birimo:

• Imyenda y'amaso cyangwa lenti: Ibi bishobora kongera itandukaniro ry'amajwi kandi bigafasha bamwe gutandukanya amajwi neza
• Ibisubizo bya telefone: Ibikoresho bya mudasobwa bimenya amajwi kandi bitanga ibisobanuro by'amajwi
• Ibikoresho byo kumenya amajwi: Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bivuga amazina y'amajwi iyo byerekezwa ku bintu
• Uburyo bwo guhindura: Kwiga gukoresha urumuri, imiterere, n'aho ibintu biherereye aho kureba ibara
• Guhindura ibidukikije: Umucyo mwiza n'ibintu bifite itandukaniro rikomeye bishobora gufasha

Kubibazo byo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bikomoka ku burwayi, kuvura uburwayi buriho bishobora kunoza uburyo ubona amajwi. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gucunga diabete, kuvura indwara z'amaso, cyangwa guhindura imiti igira ingaruka ku kubona amajwi.

Imyenda y'amaso yihariye yagaragaje icyizere ku bantu bamwe bafite ubuhumyi bw'amajwi atukura n'icyatsi. Nubwo bidasubiza ubushobozi bwo kubona amajwi asanzwe, bishobora gufasha kongera itandukaniro hagati y'amajwi amwe, bikaboroheza kubatandukanya.

Uburyo bwo Gucunga Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi mu Rugo ni ubuhe?

Ushobora gukora impinduka nyinshi zifatika mu rugo kugira ngo ufashe gucunga ibibazo byo kubona amajwi neza. Ibyo buryo bishobora koroshya imirimo ya buri munsi kandi bigufasha kumva ufite icyizere mu bihe bitandukanye.

Dore uburyo bwo gucunga mu rugo bufasha:

• Kwandika ibintu hamwe n'amagambo aho kwiringira gusa amabara
• Koresha amabara afite itandukaniro rikomeye nkamagambo y'umukara ku ibara ryera
• Gushyira imyenda mu buryo kandi usaba ubufasha igihe ugura
• Koresha ibisubizo bya telefone bimenya amajwi binyuze muri kamera yawe
• Kongera umucyo mu rugo rwawe, cyane cyane ahantu ukora
• Hitamo ibintu byo mu rugo bifite amabara yoroshye gutandukanya
• Menya aho amatara y'umuhanda n'ibimenyetso byo kuburira biherereye

Mu gikoni, ushobora gukoresha ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe bw'inyama aho kwiringira ibara kugira ngo umenye niba ziteguwe neza. Ku guhinga, menya uburyo bwo kumenya igihe ibihingwa byakuze binyuze mu miterere, ubukombe, n'ibindi bintu bitari ibara.

Ikoranabuhanga ritanga ibisubizo byinshi bifasha. Ibisubizo byo kumenya amajwi, abafasha bavuga, n'ibikoresho by'urugo byose bishobora kugufasha gucunga imirimo ishingiye ku majwi byoroshye.

Uburyo Ukwiye Gutegura Igihe Ugiye Kubona Muganga ni ubuhe?

Gutegura igihe ugiye kubona muganga bizafasha muganga wawe gutanga ubufasha bwiza kandi bikwizeze ko ubonye amakuru yose ukeneye. Gufata iminota mike kugira ngo utegure ibitekerezo byawe n'ibibazo mbere bishobora gutuma uruzinduko rwawe ruba rwiza.

Mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe, tekereza gutegura ibi bikoresho:

• Urutonde rw'ibibazo byo kubona amajwi byihariye wabonye
• Amakuru yerekeye igihe ibibazo byatangiye cyangwa niba byarushijeho kuba bibi
• Amateka y'umuryango wawe y'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi cyangwa ibibazo by'amaso
• Imiti n'ibindi bikoresho ukoresha ubu
• Ibibazo ku buryo kubona amajwi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kazi cyangwa ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi
• Impungenge zose ku mutekano wo gutwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibindi bikorwa

Tekereza ku ngero zihariye aho kubona amajwi byagoranye. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo ibibazo mu kazi, ikibazo cyo gukora imirimo yo mu rugo, cyangwa igihe wumvise utari uhamye ku majwi.

Ntugatinye kubabaza ibyerekeye ibikoresho, amatsinda y'ubufasha, cyangwa ibikoresho byo guhindura bishobora kugufasha. Muganga w'amaso ashobora gutanga amakuru y'agaciro ku gucunga kubura kugaragaza amajwi mu mimerere yawe.

Icy'ingenzi cyo Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi ni iki?

Kubura kugaragaza amajwi ni uburwayi busanzwe bugira ingaruka kuri miliyoni z'abantu ku isi, kandi nubwo bishobora gutera ibibazo, abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi babayeho ubuzima buzuye, bwiza. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukumenya ubwoko bwawe bw'ikibazo cyo kubona amajwi no kwiga uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura.

Wibuke ko kubura kugaragaza amajwi ntibivuze ko utazi kubona amajwi na gato. Abantu benshi bafite iki kibazo bashobora kubona amajwi menshi ariko bashobora kwitiranya amabara amwe cyangwa kuyabona bitandukanye n'abandi.

Niba ukekako ufite ibibazo byo kubona amajwi, gupimwa ni ingenzi kubera impamvu nyinshi. Kumenya hakiri kare bigufasha gusobanukirwa amaso yawe, guhindura ibibazo, no kubona ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bifasha.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kugira ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bidabuza ubushobozi bwawe. Abantu benshi bakomeye mu bice bitandukanye, harimo ubuhanzi, gushushanya, na siyansi, bafite ibibazo byo kubona amajwi kandi basanze uburyo bwo kwihangira umurimo mu mirimo yabo.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa Ku Kubura Kugaragaza Amajwi

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bushobora gukira?

Ubu, nta muti w'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi. Ariko, imyenda y'amaso, lenti, n'ibikoresho bya telefone bishobora gufasha kongera itandukaniro ry'amajwi kandi bikorohereza gutandukanya amabara amwe. Kubibazo byo kubona amajwi bikomoka ku burwayi, kuvura uburwayi buriho bishobora kunoza uburyo ubona amajwi.

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi ni ubuhumyi nyakuri?

Oya, ubuhumyi bw'amajwi ni ijambo ribeshya. Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bashobora kubona amajwi, ariko bashobora kuyabona bitandukanye cyangwa bagira ikibazo cyo gutandukanya amabara amwe. Kutamenya kubona amajwi rwose ni bike cyane kandi bitwa monochromacy.

Abagore bashobora kuba bafite ubuhumyi bw'amajwi?

Yego, abagore bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi, ariko si byinshi nk'uko biri mu bagabo. Abagera kuri umwe kuri 200 mu bagore ugereranije n'umwe kuri 12 mu bagabo bafite ubwoko runaka bw'ubuhumyi bw'amajwi. Itandukaniro ririho kuko imyanya y'amajwi iba ku gitsina X.

Ubuhumyi bwanjye bw'amajwi buzarushaho kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda ishira?

Ubuhumyi bw'amajwi bukomoka ku mubyeyi busanzwe buguma kimwe mu buzima kandi ntiburushaho kuba kibi uko ugenda ukura. Ariko, niba ugize ibibazo byo kubona amajwi nyuma y'imyaka kubera indwara z'amaso, ubusaza, cyangwa ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima, ibyo bibazo bishobora gutera imbere uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka neza mfite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi?

Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kubura kugaragaza amajwi bashobora gutwara imodoka neza. Amatara y'umuhanda aherereye mu buryo bumwe, kandi ushobora kwiga kuyamenya binyuze mu mwanya n'umucyo aho kureba ibara gusa. Ariko, gutwara nijoro cyangwa mu gihe cy'imvura bishobora gusaba ubwitonzi bwihariye.