Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni uko urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rwawe rurengeje urugero rusanzwe, ariko rukaba rutari hejuru cyane ngo ruze kwitwa diabete. Tekereza ko ari nk'uburyo umubiri wawe ubugira amakuru mbere y'igihe, ukubwira ko ukeneye guhindura ibintu kugira ngo urinde ubuzima bwawe mu gihe kirekire.

Abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 96 bo muri Amerika bafite ese, kandi abenshi ntibabizi. Inkuru nziza ni uko ese atari indwara idakira. Ukoresheje impinduka nziza mu mibereho, ushobora kuyikuraho kandi ugabanye cyane ibyago byo kurwara diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Ese ni iki?

Ese ibaho iyo umubiri wawe utangiye kugira ikibazo cyo gucunga isukari mu maraso neza. Uturagu kandi tugira ubushobozi buke bwo kwakira insuline, ikintu gifasha isukari kuva mu maraso yinjira mu mitsi yawe kugira ngo ikubake imbaraga.

Igisabo cyawe kigerageza kugira icyo gikora cyo gukora insuline nyinshi, ariko ntikibasha kubigeraho. Ibi bituma habaho ikintu kiri hagati aho urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rwawe ruri hejuru ariko rutararenga urugero rwa diabete.

Abaganga basobanura ese hakurikijwe urwego runaka rw'isukari mu maraso. Isukari yawe yo mu maraso ishobora kuba hagati ya 100-125 mg/dL, cyangwa ikizamini cyawe cya A1C gishobora kugaragaza 5.7-6.4%. Ibi bibara bitubwira ko umubiri wawe uhanganye no gucunga isukari ariko ugifite igihe cyo kugorora.

Ibimenyetso bya ese ni ibihe?

Ese ikunze kubaho nta bimenyetso, niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe yitwa "indwara ituje." Abantu benshi bumva bameze neza kandi nta bimenyetso bigaragara.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bikunze kuba bito kandi byoroshye kubyirengagiza nk'umunaniro wa buri munsi cyangwa umunaniro uterwa n'akaga. Dore ibimenyetso umubiri wawe ushobora kuba ugutera:

• Kumva unaniwe kurusha ubusanzwe, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya
• Kumva inyota nyinshi idashira
• Kugira umutima wo kwinjira mu musarani kenshi
• Kubura ubwenge buza bukajya
• Ibyago bikira buhoro cyangwa indwara zikunze kubaho
• Ibisigo by'uruhu byijimye, cyane cyane ku ijosi cyangwa mu gituza
• Inzara idasanzwe, na nyuma yo kurya

Ikibazo ni uko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kuza gahoro gahoro ku buryo ushobora kutamenya. Umubiri wawe ukoresha kumva "ubuzima butameze neza" kugeza ubwo biba ari ubuzima bwawe busanzwe.

Ese iterwa n'iki?

Ese iterwa n'uko sisitemu yawe y'insuline itangira kudakora neza. Kudakira insuline ni ikintu gikomeye, aho uturagu twawe tudakira insuline neza nk'uko bikwiye.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi mpamvu yo kudakira insuline mu gihe kirekire:

• Gutwara ibiro byinshi, cyane cyane mu gice cy'inda
• Kubaho ubuzima budakora imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Kurya indyo yuzuye ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda n'isukari nyinshi
• Umunaniro ukomeye uhorana urwego rwo hejuru rwa cortisol
• Ibitotsi bibi cyangwa kudasinzira bihagije
• Uburwayi bwa gene n'amateka y'umuryango wa diabete
• Impinduka ziterwa n'imyaka mu buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha isukari
• Imiti imwe nka steroide cyangwa imiti imwe y'umuvuduko w'amaraso

Ariko rero, ese ntiyiterwa no kurya isukari nyinshi gusa. Ni cyane cyane uburyo ubuzima bwawe bwose bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gucunga isukari mu gihe kirekire.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ese?

Ukwiye gupimwa ese niba ufite imyaka 45 cyangwa irenga, nubwo waba umeze neza. Kumenya hakiri kare biguha amahirwe meza yo kwirinda ko byakomeza bikagera kuri diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Tegereza gupimwa hakiri kare niba ufite ibyago nk'uko uri umubyibuho, ufite amateka y'umuryango wa diabete, cyangwa uri mu matsinda y'abantu bafite ibyago byinshi bya diabete. Abagore bagize diabete mu gihe cyo gutwita bagomba kandi gupimwa buri gihe.

Ntutegereze ko ibimenyetso bigaragaye mbere yo gupimwa. Kubera ko ese ikunze kuba nta bimenyetso bigaragara, gupimwa buri gihe ni byo birinda byiza kugira ngo uyimenye hakiri kare iyo ikirwaye.

Ibyago bya ese ni ibihe?

Bimwe mu byago bya ese biri mu bubasha bwawe, ibindi ntabwo biri. Gusobanukirwa ukoresheje uburyo bubiri bishobora kugufasha gushyira imbaraga zawe mu mpinduka zigira ingaruka nyinshi.

Ibintu ushobora guhindura birimo:

• Urugero rwawe n'uburyo ibinure byawe biri
• Uko ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri munsi
• Uburyo bwawe bwo kurya n'ibyo urya
• Uko ugenzura umunaniro
• Ibitotsi byawe n'igihe ubitotse
• Niba unywa itabi cyangwa ukoresha ibinyobwa by'itabi

Ibintu by'ibyago udashobora guhindura ariko ukwiye kumenya:

• Kuba ufite imyaka 45 cyangwa irenga
• Kuba ufite umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2
• Kuba umwirabura, umuhispanike, umunyamerika kavukire, cyangwa umunyamerika w'Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya
• Kuba waragize diabete mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Kuba ufite polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Kuba ufite amateka y'indwara z'umutima cyangwa stroke

Nubwo ufite ibyago byinshi udashobora guhindura, ibintu by'imibereho bikomeza kuba ingenzi cyane. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi bya gene ntibabona diabete kubera amahitamo yabo y'ubuzima bwiza.

Ingaruka zishoboka za ese ni izihe?

Ikibazo gikomeye kuri ese ni uko ishobora guhinduka diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 niba idakurikiranwe. Utabigenzuye, abantu bagera kuri 15-30% bafite ese bazabona diabete mu myaka itanu.

Mbere y'uko diabete igaragara, ese ishobora gutangira kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe mu buryo buke:

• Ibyago byiyongereye by'indwara z'umutima na stroke
• Amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibibazo by'impyiko
• Amahirwe menshi yo kubura ubushobozi bw'imiterere, cyane cyane mu birenge
• Ibibazo by'amaso bishoboka n'ibyago by'amaso
• Gukira ibikomere buhoro n'ibyago byiyongereye by'indwara
• Sleep apnea n'izindi ndwara zo gusinzira
• Indwara y'umwijima

Inkuru ishimishije ni uko ibyo bibazo atari ngombwa. Gukora kugira ngo ugenzure ese yawe bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ibyo bibazo.

Ese ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira ese bigendera ku kugira ubuzima bwiza bufasha umubiri wawe gucunga isukari mu maraso. Imikorere imwe n'imwe irinda ese ishobora kuyikuraho niba umaze kuyifite.

Shyira imbaraga zawe muri ibi bice by'ingenzi byo kwirinda:

• Kugira ibiro byiza binyuze mu kurya neza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe
• Kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminota 150 y'imyitozo yo hagati mu cyumweru
• Guhitamo ibiryo byuzuye kuruta ibyakorewe mu nganda igihe kinini
• Kugengura umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka cyangwa ibikorwa ukunda
• Kwita ku gusinzira amasaha 7-9 buri joro
• Kwirinda kunywa itabi no kugabanya kunywa inzoga
• Kugira isuzuma ry'ubuzima buri gihe kugira ngo umenye impinduka hakiri kare

Impinduka nto, zihoraho zikunze gukora kurusha impinduka zikomeye. Umubiri wawe usubiza neza impinduka zoroheje ushobora kubungabunga mu gihe kirekire.

Ese ipima ite?

Kumenya ese bikubiyemo ibizamini by'amaraso byoroshye bipima uko umubiri wawe ukoresha isukari. Muganga wawe azakoresha ikizamini kimwe cyangwa birenga kugira ngo abone ishusho yuzuye.

Ibizamini bikunze gukoreshwa birimo:

• Ibizamini by'isukari yo mu maraso yo mu gifunguro (nyuma yo kudarya amasaha 8-12)
• Ibizamini bya A1C (bigaragaza isukari yo mu maraso mu mezi 2-3)
• Ibizamini byo kwihanganira isukari (bipima isukari yo mu maraso mbere na nyuma yo kunywa umutobe ushishikajwe)
• Ibizamini by'isukari yo mu maraso (bifatwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose)

Muganga wawe ashobora gusubiramo ibizamini kugira ngo yemeze uburwayi, cyane cyane niba ibyavuye mu bizamini biri ku ruhande. Kugira ibizamini bibiri bidahagije mu minsi itandukanye bisanzwe byemeza ese.

Ibyo bizamini ni byihuse, bihendutse, kandi bishobora gukorwa mu biro by'umuganga wawe cyangwa muri laboratwari. Ibyavuye mu bizamini biguha wowe n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga amakuru y'ingenzi ku buzima bwawe ubu n'ibyago byawe mu gihe kizaza.

Ubuvuzi bwa ese ni iki?

Ubuvuzi bwa ese bugendera cyane cyane ku guhindura imibereho aho kuba imiti. Intego ni ugufasha umubiri wawe gusubiza ubushobozi bwo gucunga isukari neza.

Gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi izaba irimo:

• Gukorana n'umuhanga mu by'imirire kugira ngo wongere uburyo bwawe bwo kurya
• Kugira gahunda y'imyitozo ngororamubiri ukunda
• Kwiha intego nyoroshye yo kugabanya ibiro niba ari ngombwa
• Kwigira uburyo bwo gucunga umunaniro
• Kunoza uburyo bwawe bwo gusinzira
• Gukurikirana urwego rw'isukari yawe mu maraso buri gihe

Mu mubare muto, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika metformin, cyane cyane niba ufite ibindi byago cyangwa niba guhindura imibereho gusa bidahagije. Ariko, imiti ikunze gufatwa nk'igikorwa cyo kubungabunga aho kuba igikorwa cya mbere cyo kuvura.

Uburyo bwiza cyane buhuza ingamba nyinshi aho kwita ku gice kimwe gusa. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishobora kugufasha gushyira imbere impinduka ugomba gukora mbere hakurikijwe uko uhagaze.

Uko wakwitwara muri ese iwawe

Kwitwara muri ese iwawe bigendera ku kugira imikorere ya buri munsi ifasha urwego rw'isukari mu maraso. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukora impinduka zikumva zoroheye aho kuba zikomeye.

Tangira ukoresheje uburyo bwawe bwo kurya:

• Zuza igice kimwe cya kabiri cy'isahani yawe n'imboga zitari ibinyamisogwe igihe cyo kurya
• Hita amagi y'ingano yose kuruta ibinyamisogwe byakorewe mu nganda
• Koresha poroteyine yoroheje kuri buri ifunguro kugira ngo ufashe guhora urwego rw'isukari mu maraso
• Kurya ibiryo n'ibicuruzwa buri gihe kugira ngo wirinda ko urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruzamuka
• Kunywa amazi aho kunywa ibinyobwa birimo isukari
• Koresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ibiryo ukoresheje amasahani mato n'ibikombe

Koresha imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi:

• Gukora ingendo ngufi nyuma yo kurya kugira ngo ufashe umubiri wawe gukoresha glucose
• Gerageza gukora imyitozo yo gukomeza inshuro ebyiri mu cyumweru
• Shakisha ibikorwa ukunda, haba ari kubyina, guhinga, cyangwa koga
• Koresha ikintu gipima imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo ukure amaso ku ntambwe zawe za buri munsi
• Kura amasuka aho gukoresha ascenseurs igihe bishoboka

Wibuke ko ibikorwa bito, bihoraho byongera impinduka zikomeye mu gihe kirekire. Ntukeneye guhindura ubuzima bwawe bwose mu ijoro rimwe kugira ngo ubona ibyavuye mu bikorwa.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitwara neza mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kugira amakuru n'ubuyobozi byiza byo gucunga ese yawe. Gutegura gato bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku bwiza bw'uruzinduko rwawe.

Mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe, kora ibi:

• Urutonde rw'imiti yose n'ibinyobwa by'imiti ukoresha ubu
• Amateka y'umuryango wa diabete, indwara z'umutima, n'izindi ndwara zijyanye
• Impinduka uheruka kugira mu biremerezo, mu mbaraga, cyangwa mu bimenyetso
• Ibibazo ku mirire, imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa guhindura imibereho
• Ibibazo uhanganye na byo mu guhindura ibyo bagutegetse
• Ibyavuye mu gupima isukari yawe mu maraso niba wari umaze kubikurikirana

Ntugatinye kubabaza ibibazo mu gihe cy'uruzinduko rwawe. Muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha kugira icyo ugeraho, kandi gusobanukirwa gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi ni ingenzi ku buzima bwawe bw'igihe kirekire.

Icyo wakuramo kuri ese

Ese ni uburyo umubiri wawe ubugira amakuru ko igihe kigeze cyo guhindura ibintu. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ese ikunze gukira ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye.

Shyira imbaraga zawe mu gutera imbere, aho kuba ubugwaneza. Impinduka nto, zihoraho mu buryo bwawe bwo kurya, urwego rw'imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'imibereho muri rusange bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku buzima bwawe. Abantu benshi barakira ese kandi bagabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Korana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga kugira ngo mugire gahunda ihuye n'ubuzima bwawe n'imimerere yawe. Ukoresheje kwiyemeza no gufashwa, ushobora kugenzura ubuzima bwawe kandi ukumva ufite icyizere ku hazaza hawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri ese

Ese ishobora gukira burundu?

Ese ishobora kenshi gukira binyuze mu guhindura imibereho, bisobanura ko urwego rw'isukari yawe mu maraso rushobora gusubira mu rugero rusanzwe. Ariko rero, ugomba kubungabunga imikorere myiza mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo uyirinde gusubira.

Biramba gute kugira ngo ese ikire?

Abantu benshi bashobora kubona impinduka mu maraso yabo mu mezi 3-6 nyuma yo guhindura imibereho. Ariko rero, igihe kitandukanye bitewe n'ibintu nk'aho utangiye, uburwayi bwa gene, n'uko wiyemeza gahunda yawe. Bamwe babona impinduka mu byumweru, abandi bashobora gukenera umwaka.

Ni ibihe biryo nakwirinda mfite ese?

Aho kwirinda ibiryo byose, shyira imbaraga zawe mu kugabanya ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda, ibinyobwa birimo isukari, ibinyamisogwe byakorewe mu nganda, n'ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi. Ntukeneye kwirinda ibiryo byose, ariko kwitondera ingano n'umubare byagira ingaruka nziza mu gucunga urwego rw'isukari yawe mu maraso.

Ese ni ikibazo gikomeye niba numva meze neza?

Yego, ese ni ikibazo gikomeye nubwo nta bimenyetso bigaragara kuko yongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, indwara z'umutima, n'izindi ngaruka. Kuba nta bimenyetso bigaragara ntibivuze ko nta kibazo kiriho. Gukora hakiri kare ni ingenzi mu kwirinda ko byakomeza bikagera ku bibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima.

Ese nzagira diabete niba mfite ese?

Oya, kuba ufite ese ntibibuza ko uzabona diabete. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu bahindura imibereho bashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ku kigero cya 58% cyangwa kirenze. Abantu benshi bafite ese ntibabona diabete iyo bakoze ibyo bagomba gukora.