Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ibaho iyo umuvure uri hagati y'igice cy'iburyo cy'umutima wawe n'umwanya w'ibihaha utakora neza. Uyu muvure ukora nk'umuhanda ugana mu buryo bumwe, uretse amaraso kuva mu mutima wawe ajya mu bihaha ariko ukabuza gusubira inyuma.

Iyo uyu muvure ugabanyuka (stenosis) cyangwa ukaba ucika (regurgitation), umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo ujyane amaraso neza. Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha babaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza, kandi ubuvuzi bukoreshwa neza buhari igihe bikenewe.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni ibihe?

Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha nta bimenyetso na bimwe bagira. Umutima wawe uhinduka cyane kandi ushobora guhangana n'ibibazo bito by'umuvure utabimenye.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bisanzwe bigenda buhoro buhoro uko ikibazo cy'umuvure kigenda kirushaho kuba kibi. Dore ibyo ushobora guhura na byo:

• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imikino cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Urugurugo cyangwa kumva unaniwe cyane mu bikorwa bya buri munsi
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kudatuza, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imikino
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva utuje igihe uhagurutse vuba
• Kubyimbagira mu birenge, mu maguru, cyangwa mu mitsi
• Kumva umutima ukubita cyane cyangwa udakora neza
• Kwicuma, nubwo ibi bidafata abantu benshi

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, indwara ikomeye y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye nko gukorora buri gihe, kwiyongera k'uburemere kubera amazi, cyangwa kugira ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhumeka no mu kiruhuko. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba ubutabazi bw'abaganga vuba.

Ubwoko bw'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni ubuhe?

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ifite ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru, buri bwoko bugira ingaruka ku buryo amaraso anyura mu mutima wawe. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwabyo bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza ibiri kubaho mu mimerere yawe.

Pulmonary stenosis ibaho iyo umuvure wawe ugabanyuka cyangwa ugakomera, bigatuma amaraso adashobora kunyura neza kuva mu mutima wawe ajya mu bihaha. Tekereza nk'aho ugerageza gusunika amazi mu muyoboro ufunguwe gato - umutima wawe ugomba gukubita cyane kugira ngo usunike amaraso anyura mu mwanya muto.

Pulmonary regurgitation ibaho iyo umuvure wawe utifunga neza, bikatuma amaraso asubira inyuma mu mutima wawe. Ibi bivuze ko amaraso amwe agomba kujya mu bihaha asubira mu cyumba cy'umutima, akamutegeka gukora cyane kugira ngo akomeze imikorere myiza y'amaraso.

Bamwe mu bantu bashobora kugira ubu buryo bubiri icyarimwe, bikitwa indwara y'umuvure mvuye. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu isuzuma n'ibizamini byimbitse.

Intandaro z'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni izihe?

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ishobora guterwa n'ubumuga bwavutse cyangwa ikaba yigaragaza igihe kirekire kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Ibyinshi mu bihe biterwa n'ubumuga bw'umutima wavutse, bivuze ko umuvure utari wabaye neza mu gihe wari uri mu nda.

Dore intandaro nyamukuru muganga wawe ashobora kukuganiraho:

• Ubumuga bw'umutima wavutse, harimo umuvure w'ibihaha ufite ibice bibiri cyangwa tetralogy of Fallot
• Indwara y'umutima iterwa na rhumatisme kubera kudakira indwara y'ibicurane
• Carcinoid syndrome, indwara idasanzwe ijyanye n'ibibyimba bikora imisemburo
• Infective endocarditis, ubwandu bw'igice cy'imbere cy'umutima
• Ingaruka z'ubuganga bw'umutima
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha ukorera umuvure umuvure
• Ubuvuzi bw'amiradiyo mu gice cy'ibituza

Bidafata abantu benshi, imiti imwe, indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa, cyangwa imvune mu gituza bishobora kwangiza umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha igihe kirekire. Kwambara no gusaza ntibibaho cyane kuri uyu muvure, bitandukanye n'indi mivure y'umutima.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha?

Ukwiye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso biramba bikubuza gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane niba kigenda kirushaho kuba kibi igihe kirekire.

Tegura gahunda vuba niba ufite ububabare mu gituza mu gihe cy'imikino, gutembera kenshi, cyangwa kubyimbagira mu maguru bidakira no kuruhuka no kuzamura amaguru. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko umutima wawe ushobora kuba ukora cyane kurusha uko ukwiye.

Shaka ubutabazi bw'abaganga vuba niba wicuma, ufite ububabare bukomeye mu gituza, cyangwa ufite ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhumeka. Nubwo ibi bintu bidafata abantu benshi bafite indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha, bisaba isuzuma ryihuse kugira ngo ubuzima bwawe bube bwizewe.

Ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bigufasha wowe na muganga wawe gukurikirana ubuzima bwawe bw'umutima neza.

Ibyago bikomeye harimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango w'ubumuga bw'umutima wavutse
• Indwara ya rhumatisme yabanje cyangwa indwara y'ibicurane idakize
• Amateka y'izindi ndwara z'umutima zavutse
• Ubuganga bw'umutima bwakozwe mbere, cyane cyane bujyanye n'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha
• Ibibyimba bya carcinoid cyangwa carcinoid syndrome
• Indwara y'impyiko ikomeye isaba dialysis
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'impyiko zigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'umutima

Uburyo bwo kubaho n'ibidukikije bishobora kugira uruhare, harimo guhura n'imiti imwe, amiradiyo mu gituza, cyangwa gukoresha imiti mu buryo bwa intravenous. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bafite ibi byago ntibagira ibibazo by'umuvure, kandi bamwe mu bantu badafite ibyago barayirwara.

Ingaruka zishoboka z'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni izihe?

Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha nta ngaruka zikomeye bagira, cyane cyane mu gihe bakurikiranwa neza kandi bitabwaho. Ariko rero, gusobanukirwa ingaruka zishoboka bigufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubutabazi bw'abaganga.

Iyo indwara y'umuvure ikomeye cyangwa idakize, izi ngaruka zishobora kubaho:

• Gucika intege kw'igice cy'iburyo cy'umutima, aho umutima wawe udashobora gutwara amaraso neza
• Umutima udakora neza (arrhythmias) bishobora gutera umutima gukubita cyane
• Amaraso akabakaba mu byumba by'umutima
• Stroke iterwa n'amaraso akabakaba ajya mu bwonko
• Urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima, nubwo ibi bidafata abantu benshi
• Infective endocarditis, cyane cyane niba ufite ibice by'umuvure w'imiti
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha ugendera hejuru igihe kirekire

Inkuru nziza ni uko gukurikirana buri gihe no kuvurwa vuba bishobora gukumira izi ngaruka nyinshi. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izakorana nawe kugira ngo isuzume ibyago byawe bwite kandi ikore gahunda yo kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ishobora gukumirwa gute?

Kubera ko indwara nyinshi z'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ziterwa n'ubumuga bw'umutima wavutse, gukumira burundu ntibishoboka. Ariko rero, ushobora gufata ingamba zifatika zo kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima wawe no gukumira ingaruka.

Igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyo gukumira ni ugukira indwara y'ibicurane vuba ukoresheje imiti kugira ngo wirinde indwara ya rhumatisme. Iyi ntambwe imwe ishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umutima iterwa na rhumatisme mu myaka y'ubuzima.

Kubungabunga isuku nziza y'amenyo no kujya kuvurirwa amenyo buri gihe bigufasha gukumira infective endocarditis, cyane cyane niba usanzwe ufite ibibazo by'umuvure. Umudokteri wawe w'amenyo na cardiologue bashobora kugutegeka imiti yo gukumira ubwandu mbere y'ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe by'amenyo.

Kubaho ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima bufasha ubuzima bwawe bwose bw'umutima. Ibi birimo kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe nkuko muganga wawe abyemeje, kwirinda itabi, no gucunga indwara nka diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe yumvise umutima wawe akoresheje stethoscope. Ibibazo byinshi by'umuvure biterwa n'amajwi yihariye y'umutima abaganga b'inzobere bashobora kumenya mu isuzuma rya buri munsi.

Niba muganga wawe akeka ko ufite indwara y'umuvure, azategeka ko ukora echocardiogram. Iki kizamini cyo gufata amashusho y'umutima kidakomeretsa gikora amashusho yimbitse y'umutima wawe, bigaragaza uko imivure yawe ifunguka kandi ifunga neza n'umubare w'amaraso anyuramo.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba electrocardiogram (ECG) kugira ngo urebe uko umutima wawe ukora, amashusho ya X-ray kugira ngo urebe ingano y'umutima wawe n'ubuzima bw'ibihaha, n'ibizamini byo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo urebe uko umutima wawe ukora mu gihe cy'imikino. Rimwe na rimwe, ibizamini byihariye nka cardiac MRI cyangwa heart catheterization bitanga amakuru arambuye.

Muganga wawe azasuzumana amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'ibimenyetso byawe neza, kuko aya makuru amufasha gusobanukirwa uko indwara y'umuvure igira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha biterwa n'uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo bugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje bakeneye gukurikiranwa gusa nta kintu cyihutirwa.

Kubera indwara yoroheje, muganga wawe azasaba "gukurikirana" hamwe no gukurikirana buri gihe no gukora echocardiograms kugira ngo akurikirane impinduka iyo ari yo yose. Ubu buryo bukora neza kuko abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje y'umuvure baguma mu gihe kirekire badafite ubuvuzi.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye cyangwa indwara y'umuvure ikomeye, uburyo bwo kuvura harimo:

• Imiti ifasha umutima wawe gukora neza cyangwa gucunga ibimenyetso
• Balloon valvuloplasty, aho umupira muto ufungura umuvure ugabanyuka
• Gusimbuza umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa catheter
• Kubaga umutima kugira ngo usane cyangwa usimbuze umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha
• Uburyo buhuza uburyo butandukanye

Cardiologue yawe izakorana nawe kugira ngo imenye uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku mimerere yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, imyaka, n'ibyifuzo byawe. Intego ni uguteza imbere ubuzima bwawe mugabanya ibyago.

Uburyo bwo gucunga indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha murugo?

Gucaunga indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha murugo byibanda ku kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima wawe no kumenya igihe ukeneye ubutabazi bw'abaganga. Imicungire ya buri munsi igizwe ahanini n'ibikorwa byoroshye byo kubaho bifitiye umutima wawe akamaro muri rusange.

Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri ukurikije uko wumva, ariko utege amatwi umubiri wawe. Imikino yoroheje cyangwa yo hagati nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa kugendera kuri velo bishobora gutuma umutima wawe ukomeza, ariko wirinde kwishora mu mikino ikomeye cyane kugira ngo wirinde guhumeka nabi cyangwa kubabara mu gituza.

Kurikirana ibimenyetso byawe buri gihe kandi ukande ibitabo byoroshye by'uko wumva. Andika impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu mbaraga zawe, guhumeka, cyangwa kubyimbagira, kuko aya makuru afasha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kwitaho.

Kugira indyo yuzuye ifite imbuto nyinshi, imboga, n'ibinyampeke byuzuye mugihe ugabanya umunyu niba ufite kubyimbagira. Fata imiti yose yagutegetswe ukurikije amabwiriza, kandi ntukareke gufata imiti n'ubwo wumva umeze neza.

Kora isuku nziza y'amenyo kandi ubabwire abaganga bose ku kibazo cyawe cy'umuvure, kuko ushobora kuba ukeneye imiti yo gukumira ubwandu mbere y'ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe. Kora inkingo zose, cyane cyane iz'igicurane, kugira ngo wirinde indwara zishobora guhangayikisha umutima wawe.

Uko wakwitegura gahunda yawe y'umuganga?

Kwitunganya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kubona amakuru n'amabwiriza byinshi mu ruzinduko rwawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe bibaho n'icyo bikora kugira ngo bigabanuke cyangwa bikomeze.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, ibintu byongera imbaraga, na vitamine ufata, harimo n'umwanya. Tegura kandi urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe, kuko biroroshye kwibagirwa ibibazo by'ingenzi mu gihe cy'uruzinduko.

Komereza ibizamini byose byabanje, cyane cyane echocardiograms cyangwa ibindi bizamini bijyanye n'umutima byavuye mu bandi baganga. Niba ubona inzobere bwa mbere, zana isubiramo ry'amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'amateka y'umuryango w'indwara z'umutima.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yizewe kugira ngo igufashe kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy'uruzinduko. Ntukabe ikibazo cyo gusaba muganga wawe gusubiramo cyangwa gusobanura icyo udasobanukiwe neza.

Icyingenzi cyo kuzirikana ku ndwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni iki?

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ni indwara ishobora gucungwa igira ingaruka ku bantu mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n'uburemere bwayo. Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje babaho ubuzima busanzwe neza bakurikiranwa buri gihe kandi bitabwaho uko bikwiye igihe bikenewe.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kuzirikana ni uko kumenya hakiri kare no gucunga neza bigira uruhare rukomeye mu musaruro. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ikurikirana impinduka iyo ari yo yose kandi ikagufasha uko bikwiye niba uburwayi bwawe bugenda buzamuka.

Ubuvuzi bugezweho bukoreshwa cyane, kuva ku miti kugeza ku buryo buto bwo kubaga kugeza ku buryo bwo kubaga igihe bikenewe. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukorana na ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ukore gahunda ihuye n'ibyo ukeneye n'uburyo bwawe bwo kubaho.

Wibuke ko kugira indwara y'umuvure ntikugutandukanya cyangwa ntikubuza kubaho ubuzima buhimbaye. Hamwe no kwitaho neza no kwitondera, abantu benshi bafite indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha bakomeza kwishimira ibikorwa byabo bisanzwe kandi bagumana ubuzima bwiza.

Ibibazo byakenshi bibazwa ku ndwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha

Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mfite indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha?

Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje cyangwa yo hagati y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha bashobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri neza kandi bagomba gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo babungabunge ubuzima bw'umutima. Muganga wawe azakugira inama zihariye zishingiye ku buremere bw'uburwayi bwawe n'ibimenyetso. Muri rusange, imikino yoroheje cyangwa yo hagati nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa kugendera kuri velo bigira akamaro, mu gihe imikino ikomeye cyane ishobora gusaba ko umutima wawe ugenzurwa na cardiologue.

Nzakenera kubagwa kubera indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha?

Kubagwa ntibikenewe kuri buri wese ufite indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha. Abantu benshi bafite indwara yoroheje bakeneye gukurikiranwa gusa, mu gihe abandi bashobora kungukirwa n'uburyo buto bwo kubaga nka balloon valvuloplasty. Muganga wawe azakugira inama yo kubagwa gusa niba ibimenyetso byawe bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe cyangwa niba ibizamini bigaragaza ko umutima wawe uhangayikishijwe n'ikibazo cy'umuvure.

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha irazimukira?

Ubwoko bumwe bw'indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha, cyane cyane ijyanye n'ubumuga bw'umutima wavutse, ishobora kugira ibintu by'umuzuko. Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango w'indwara z'umutima zavutse, abana bawe bashobora kugira ibyago bike byo kuyirwara. Ariko rero, ibyinshi mu bihe bibaho nta mateka y'umuryango, kandi kugira iyo ndwara ntibiha abana bawe amahirwe yo kuyirwara.

Ngahe nkenera kujya gukurikirana?

Ubwinshi bw'ibikorwa byo gukurikirana biterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe y'umuvure n'ibimenyetso. Abantu bafite indwara yoroheje bakeneye gukurikirana buri mwaka 1-2, mu gihe abafite indwara yo hagati bashobora kuba bakeneye gahunda buri mezi 6-12. Niba ufite indwara ikomeye cyangwa ufite imivure y'umuvure, ushobora kuba ukeneye gukurikirana kenshi. Muganga wawe azakora gahunda ihuye n'imimerere yawe.

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ishobora kuba mbi igihe kirekire?

Indwara y'umuvure w'umwanya w'ibihaha ishobora kuba mbi igihe kirekire, ariko ibi bibaho buhoro buhoro mu bihe byinshi. Abantu benshi baguma mu gihe kirekire nta mpinduka zikomeye, mu gihe abandi bashobora kugira imbaraga buhoro buhoro. Gukurikirana buri gihe bifasha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kumenya impinduka iyo ari yo yose hakiri kare kandi igahindura gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi uko bikwiye. Umuvuduko wo kuba mbi utandukana cyane hagati y'abantu kandi biterwa n'intandaro y'indwara yawe y'umuvure.