Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uburyo bwo kuvura

Ese ni iki?

Ese ni indwara ikomeye iterwa na virusi igira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe no ku mugongo. Ikwirakwira binyuze mu nsoro z’inyamaswa zanduye, akenshi iyo zigukomeretsa.

Uyu virusi ubarirwa mu muryango witwa rhabdoviruses kandi ugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko bwawe. Iyo ibimenyetso byagaragaye, ese bishobora gutera urupfu, niyo mpamvu gukumira binyuze mu gukingira ari ingenzi. Ariko rero, iyo ubonye ubuvuzi vuba nyuma yo kwandura, ushobora gukumira ko iyi ndwara ikwirakwira.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ese ari nke mu bihugu byateye imbere, kubera gahunda zikwirakwizwa zo gukingira inyamaswa zo mu rugo. Ubu abenshi bandura iyi ndwara babiterwa no guhura n’inyamaswa zo mu gaso nka bats, raccoons, cyangwa skunks.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ese?

Ibimenyetso bya ese bigaragara mu byiciro, kandi igihe bishobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu.

Icyiciro cya mbere gisanzwe kirimo ibi bimenyetso:

• Umuhango n'ububabare bw'umutwe
• Ubusembwa n'umunaniro
• Kubabara, gucika intege, cyangwa gutwika aho wakomeretse
• Isesemi no kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Ubwoba n'akantu

Uko virusi ikomeza gukwirakwira, ibimenyetso bikomeye by'ubwonko bigaragara. Ibi birimo kwitiranya, imyitwarire y'ubugome, no kubona ibintu bitariho. Ushobora kandi kugira hydrophobia, bisobanura kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima no gutinya amazi cyane.

Mu cyiciro cya nyuma, iyi ndwara itera ubugufi, koma, kandi amaherezo urupfu. Iyi nzira isanzwe iba mu minsi mike iyo ibimenyetso by'ubwonko bitangiye, niyo mpamvu ubufasha bw'abaganga bw'ihutirwa nyuma yo guhura n'ikintu cyose gishobora gutera iyi ndwara ari ingenzi.

Ese ni iki giterwa na ese?

Virusi ya ese itera iyi ndwara, kandi ikwirakwira ahanini binyuze mu kumeretsa kw’inyamaswa. Iyo inyamaswa yanduye igukomeretsa, virusi iri mu nsoro zayo yinjirira mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu kibyimba.

Inyamaswa nyinshi zishobora gutwara no kwanduza ese:

• Inyamaswa zo mu gaso nka bats, raccoons, skunks, na foxes
• Imbwa n'inkazi zidakinzwe
• Inyamaswa zo mu mirima nka inka n'amafarashi (bike)
• Ingagi n'izindi nyamaswa zo mu bwoko bw'inyani mu duce tumwe na tumwe

Gake, ese ishobora kwanduza binyuze mu mikwaro y’inyamaswa zanduye cyangwa iyo nsoro zayo zinjiye mu bibyimba bifunguye cyangwa mu myanya y’umubiri.

Virusi ntishobora kuramba igihe kinini hanze y’umubiri w’inyamaswa, bityo ntushobora kwandura ese ukoze ku bintu cyangwa ibintu. Kwanduza umuntu ku wundi ni bibi cyane kandi byaragaragaye mu mubare muke w’abantu bakoresheje uburyo bwo kubaga.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga iyo wanduye ese?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba bishoboka nyuma yo kumeretswa n’inyamaswa, cyane cyane inyamaswa zo mu gaso cyangwa inyamaswa zo mu rugo zidakinzwe. Igihe ni ingenzi kuko ubuvuzi bukora neza iyo bwatangiye vuba.

Hamagara muganga wawe cyangwa ujye mu bitaro byihuse niba ufite ibi bibazo:

• Iyo wakomeretse n’inyamaswa yo mu gaso nka bat, raccoon, cyangwa skunk
• Iyo wakomeretse n’imbwa cyangwa inka zidakinzwe
• Iyo wakomeretse cyane n’inyamaswa
• Iyo wakomeretse n’inyamaswa ishobora kuba yanduye
• Iyo uhuye n’insoro za bat cyangwa ukabona bat mu cyumba cyawe

Ndetse n’iyo ikibyimba kigaragara nk’icyo nta cyo gitwaye, ntuzategereze ibimenyetso bigaragare. Iyo ibimenyetso bya ese bigaragaye, ubuvuzi burakomera. Muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma ibyago byawe no kumenya niba ukeneye kuvurwa nyuma yo kwandura.

Niba uri mu rugendo mu duce ese ikunze kuboneka, banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere y’urugendo rwawe.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura ese?

Ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe n’ahantu ushobora kuba uri bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kwandura ese. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye.

Ibyago byawe bishobora kuba byinshi niba:

• Ukorana n’inyamaswa (abaganga b’amatungo, abashinzwe kugenzura inyamaswa)
• Umara igihe kinini mu buvumo aho bats baba
• Ugiye mu bihugu bitagira gahunda zo kurwanya ese
• Uba mu cyaro aho uhura cyane n’inyamaswa zo mu gaso
• Ukoresha inyamaswa zo mu gaso mu bushakashatsi cyangwa kuvura

Aho uba na byo ni ingenzi. Ese ikunze kuboneka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, cyane cyane muri Afurika na Aziya, aho gahunda zo gukingira imbwa zishobora kuba nke. Muri iyo turere, imbwa ziguma ari zo zikunze gutera abantu ese.

Abana bafite ibyago byinshi kuko bakunda kwegera inyamaswa batazi kandi bashobora kutamenyesha abakuze iyo bakomeretse. Nanone bakunda gukomeretswa cyane ugereranyije n’ubunini bw’umubiri wabo.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na ese?

Iyo ibimenyetso bya ese bigaragaye, iyi ndwara ikwirakwira vuba kandi itera ibibazo bikomeye bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko bwawe bwose. Ibi bibazo bigaragara uko virusi ikwirakwira mu bwonko bwawe no ku mugongo.

Ibibazo bikomeye cyane birimo:

• Kubabara cyane kw’ubwonko (encephalitis)
• Kubura umwuka kubera ubugufi bw’imikaya y’ubuhumekero
• Guhagarara kw’umutima kubera ikibazo cy’ubwonko
• Ubugufi buva aho wakomeretse
• Koma n'urupfu mu gihe hafi ya cyose

Mu gihe iyi ndwara ikomeza, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nka hydrophobia, aho no kubona cyangwa kumva amazi bigutera ububabare mu muhogo. Ibi bibaho kuko virusi igira ingaruka ku bice by’ubwonko bwawe bigengwa no kwishima.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo gusobanukirwa ni uko ibi bibazo bishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bw’ihuse nyuma yo kwandura. Gukingira nyuma yo kwandura bifite akamaro cyane iyo bitangiye mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Ese ese ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira ni intwaro yawe ikomeye yo kurwanya ese, kandi hari uburyo bunoze bushobora kukurinda wowe n’umuryango wawe. Intambwe y’ingenzi ni ukwishingikiriza ko inyamaswa zawe zo mu rugo zikingirwa buri gihe.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda burimo:

• Gukingira inyamaswa zose zo mu rugo (imbwa, inka, ferrets) hakurikijwe amabwiriza y’aho uba
• Kwima amatungo yo mu gaso, cyane cyane ayitwara nabi
• Kureka kugaburira cyangwa kwegera amatungo atazwi
• Kurinda inzu yawe bats n’izindi nyamaswa zo mu gaso
• Kwigisha abana kutagera ku nyamaswa batazi

Niba ukorana n’inyamaswa cyangwa ugiye mu duce hari ibyago byinshi, gukingira mbere yo kwandura bishobora gutanga uburinzi bwiyongereye. Uru rubanza rw’inkingo rufasha ubudahangarwa bwawe gusubiza vuba iyo wanduye.

Iyo uri mu rugendo cyangwa uri mu birunga, ubike ibiryo neza kugira ngo wirinde kureshya amatungo yo mu gaso. Niba ubonye bat mu rugo rwawe, hamagara abashinzwe kurwanya amatungo aho kugerageza kuyikuramo wenyine.

Ese ese imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya ese mu barwayi bazima bigoye kuko ibizamini byizewe bisaba ibice by’ubwonko. Abaganga bakunze gushingira isuzuma ryabo ku mateka yawe yo guhura n’inyamaswa n’ibimenyetso aho gutegereza ibizamini.

Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo byinshi ku bijyanye no guhura n’inyamaswa, urugendo, n’igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye. Azakora kandi isuzuma ry’ubwonko kugira ngo arebe ibimenyetso byo kwandura.

Ibizamini birimo gusuzuma insoro, amaraso, n’amazi yo mu mugongo, ariko ibi ntibihamya buri gihe mu ntangiriro. Gupima uruhu mu ijosi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugaragaza virusi, nubwo ibisubizo bishobora gutinda.

Kumenya neza iyi ndwara bikorwa harebwa ibice by’ubwonko nyuma y’urupfu, niyo mpamvu ibyemezo byo kuvura bikunze gushingira ku byago byo kwandura aho gutegereza ko byemezwa. Niba hari amahirwe yo kwandura, abaganga bazagutegeka gutangira kuvurwa vuba.

Ese ese ivurwa ite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura bugendera ku gihe. Mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara, gukingira nyuma yo kwandura bifite akamaro cyane mu gukumira ko iyi ndwara ikwirakwira.

Kuvura nyuma yo kwandura birimo ibice bibiri:

• Inkingo ya rabies immune globulin iterwa hafi y’aho wakomeretse
• Inkingo ya rabies iterwa mu byumweru bike
• Gusukura neza ikibyimba hakoreshejwe isabune n’ibintu bisukura
• Inkingo ya tetanus niba utarakingiwe

Immune globulin itanga uburinzi bw’ihuse mu gihe umubiri wawe ubaka imiti y’ubudahangarwa binyuze mu nkingo. Iyi mikoranire ifite akamaro hafi ya 100% iyo itangiye vuba nyuma yo kwandura.

Ikibabaje ni uko, iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, uburyo bwo kuvura burakomera. Abaganga bashobora gutanga ubufasha gusa kugira ngo bagenzure ibimenyetso kandi baguhumurize. Abantu bake cyane nibo barokotse ese nyuma y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bituma kwirinda ari bwo buryo bwizewe.

Uburyo bwo kwita ku buzima bwawe nyuma yo guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutera ese

Guhita ufata ingamba nyuma yo guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutera ese bishobora kukurokora. Ikintu cya mbere ukwiye gukora ni ukwita ku kibyimba hanyuma ugashaka ubufasha bw’abaganga.

Suzuma ikibyimba cyangwa ikomere neza hakoreshejwe isabune n’amazi iminota nibura 15. Koresha ibintu bisukura niba biboneka, ariko ntuzatinze gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga kugira ngo ikibyimba gisukwe.

Gerageza gushaka amakuru ku nyamaswa yagukomeretse, harimo imyitwarire yayo, niba yakingiwe, niba ishobora kurebwa cyangwa gupimwa. Ariko ntugerageze gufata inyamaswa wenyine.

Kora ibyo muganga wawe akubwiye ku bijyanye n’igihe cyo gukingira. Kudakingirwa cyangwa gutinda kuvurwa bishobora kugabanya ingaruka.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura uruzinduko kwa muganga

Kwitegura uruzinduko kwa muganga bigufasha kubona ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba. Zana amakuru yose yerekeye ibyago byo kwandura.

Andika amakuru y’ibyabaye, harimo igihe n’aho byabereye, ubwoko bw’inyamaswa, n’uburyo byabaye. Andika imyitwarire idasanzwe wabonye ku nyamaswa.

Zana ibyangombwa byawe byo gukingira, cyane cyane ibya tetanus, kandi andika imiti ukoresha. Niba bishoboka, zana umuntu uzagufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Tegura ibibazo ku bijyanye n’igihe cyo kuvurwa, ingaruka, n’ubuvuzi bw’inyongera. Baza ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa ugomba kwirinda n’igihe ushobora gusubira mu buzima busanzwe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya kuri ese

Ese ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kwirindwa isaba guhita ufata ingamba nyuma yo kwandura. Virusi ishobora gutera urupfu iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bituma kwirinda ari cyo kintu cy’ingenzi.

Ibuka ko igihe ari ingenzi. Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba bishoboka nyuma yo kumeretswa n’inyamaswa, cyane cyane inyamaswa zo mu gaso cyangwa inyamaswa zo mu rugo zidakinzwe. Kuvurwa nyuma yo kwandura bifite akamaro cyane iyo bitangiye vuba.

Komeza ukingire inyamaswa zawe zo mu rugo, wirinde guhura n’inyamaswa zo mu gaso, kandi wigishe umuryango wawe ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’inyamaswa. Ufite ingamba zikwiye n’ubuvuzi bw’ihuse iyo bikenewe, ese isigara ari indwara nke mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri ese

Ese ushobora kwandura ese ukoze ku nyamaswa yanduye?

Ntushobora kwandura ese ukoze ku nyamaswa yanduye. Virusi ikwirakwira binyuze mu nsoro zinjira mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu mikwaro, mu bibyimba, cyangwa mu myanya y’umubiri. Ariko, ukwiye kwirinda gufata inyamaswa zo mu gaso cyangwa izitaramenyekana.

Ese bimamara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ibimenyetso bya ese bigaragare?

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu mezi 1-3 nyuma yo kwandura, ariko ibi bishobora gutandukana cyane. Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso mu minsi mike, abandi bashobora kutamenya ibimenyetso mu gihe kirekire. Aho wakomeretse bigira ingaruka ku gihe, aho wakomeretse hafi y’umutwe bikunze gutera ibimenyetso vuba.

Ese inkingo ya ese ikwiriye abana n’abagore batwite?

Yego, inkingo ya ese ikwiriye abantu b’imyaka yose, harimo abana n’abagore batwite. Kubera ko ese ishobora gutera urupfu, akamaro ko gukingira karuta ibyago byose. Muganga wawe azakukurikirana mu gihe cyo kuvurwa.

Ese inka zo mu rugo zishobora kwandura ese?

Inka zo mu rugo zishobora kwandura ese niba bats binjiye mu rugo rwawe cyangwa niba zisohoka hanze. Niyo mpamvu abaganga b’amatungo bagira inama yo gukingira inka zose, n’iziba mu rugo. Gukingira birinda inyamaswa yawe n’umuryango wawe.

Ese ukwiye gukora iki iyo ubonye bat mu rugo rwawe?

Hamagara abashinzwe kurwanya amatungo cyangwa abashinzwe gukuraho amatungo yo mu gaso. Ntugerageze gufata bat wenyine. Niba hari umuntu wo mu rugo rwawe wahuriye na bat cyangwa niba wayibonye mu cyumba cyo kuryama, shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga kugira ngo urebe niba wanduye ese.