Rhabdomyosarcoma ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Rhabdomyosarcoma ni iki?

Rhabdomyosarcoma ni ubwoko bwa kanseri itera mu mubiri, cyane cyane mu mitsi. Ni kanseri isanzwe cyane mu mitsi yoroheje mu bana n'abangavu, nubwo ishobora rimwe na rimwe kwibasira n'abantu bakuru.

Iyi kanseri ibaho iyo uturemangingo dusanzwe dukora imitsi itangira gukura birenze urugero. Tekereza ko uturemangingo dukora imitsi mu mubiri wawe twahinduye uburyo bwo gukora, bikaba byiyongera mu gihe bitagomba.

Nubwo ijambo "sarcoma" rishobora gutera ubwoba, risobanura gusa kanseri itangira mu mitsi, amagufwa cyangwa ibinure. Rhabdomyosarcoma igaragara mu mitsi ikoreshwa mu kugendagenda, kugenda, n'ibindi bikorwa by'umubiri.

Inkuru nziza ni uko uburyo bwo kuvura bwarateye imbere cyane mu myaka yashize. Abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwiza, buzuye nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ibimenyetso bya Rhabdomyosarcoma ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso ushobora kubona biterwa ahanini n'aho igihombo kiba mu mubiri wawe. Kubera ko iyi kanseri ishobora kuba aho ari ho hose, ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana cyane ukurikije umuntu.

Ikimenyetso cya mbere gisanzwe ni ikibyimba cyangwa kubyimba ushobora kumva munsi y'uruhu. Icyo kibyimba gishobora kuba gikomeye kandi gishobora kubabaza cyangwa kutakubabaza iyo ukihuyeho.

Dore ibimenyetso ushobora kugira bitewe n'aho kanseri iba:

• Ibibyimba biboneka cyangwa bikagaragara bikura uko iminsi igenda
• Kubyimbagira mu maboko, amaguru, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri
• Kubabara cyangwa kubabara mu gice kibyimba
• Kugorana mu kugendagenda mu gice cy'umubiri kibyimba
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru cyangwa gufunga amazuru (iyo kiba mu mutwe)
• Ibibazo by'amaso nko kubyimba cyangwa guhinduka kw'ubuhanga bwo kubona
• Kugorana mu kunywa cyangwa guhumeka (ku bibyimba biri hafi y'umutwe)
• Ibibazo byo kwinjira cyangwa guhagarika (ku bibyimba biri mu kibuno)
• Uburwayi budasobanutse cyangwa kugabanuka k'uburemere

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibimenyetso byinshi bishobora kuba bifite izindi ntandaro zidakomeye. Ariko kandi, ikibyimba cyose gikura cyangwa kigumaho ibyumweru birenga bibiri gikwiye kuganirwaho na muganga wawe.

Uduce twa Rhabdomyosarcoma ni utuhe?

Abaganga basobanura rhabdomyosarcoma mu bice bitandukanye bitewe n'uko uturemangingo twa kanseri tugaragara munsi y'ikirahure. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwawe bw'ihari bufasha itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Uduce tubiri nyamukuru ushobora kumva ni embryonal na alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Buri kimwe gisanzwe kibasira amatsinda y'imyaka itandukanye n'ibice by'umubiri.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ni ubwoko busanzwe, bugize hafi 60% by'ibyorezo byose. Isanzwe iba mu bana bato kandi ikunda kuba mu mutwe, mu ijosi, cyangwa mu kibuno. Ubu bwoko busanzwe busubiza neza kuvurwa.

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ikunda kuba mu bangavu n'abakuru bato. Ikunda kuba mu maboko, amaguru, cyangwa mu kibuno kandi ishobora kuba ikomeye kurusha ubwoko bwa embryonal.

Hariho kandi andi moko make, harimo pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, ikunda kuba mu bantu bakuru, na spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma, ifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye munsi y'ikirahure.

Intandaro za Rhabdomyosarcoma ni izihe?

Igisubizo nyacyo ni uko abaganga batazi neza icyateza rhabdomyosarcoma mu bihe byinshi. Kimwe na kanseri nyinshi, birashoboka ko biterwa n'ibintu byinshi bituma uturemangingo dusanzwe duhinduka kanseri.

Icyo tuzi ni uko iyi kanseri ibaho iyo habaye impinduka mu miterere ya gene mu turemangingo tugomba kuba imitsi. Izi mpinduka zituma uturemangingo dukura kandi bigabana birenze urugero aho gukurikiza uburyo busanzwe bwo gukura.

Bamwe bavukana ibibazo by'imiterere ya gene byongera ibyago byabo, nubwo ibi bigize igice gito cyane cy'ibyorezo. Mu bihe byinshi, impinduka za gene zitera iyi kanseri ziba mu buzima bw'umuntu.

Ibintu byo mu kirere nko kwibasirwa n'imirasire byahujwe n'ibyorezo bimwe, ariko nanone, ibi bigize igice gito cyane cy'ibyorezo byose bya rhabdomyosarcoma. Ku muryango munini, nta kintu bakoze cyangwa batakoze cyateye iyi kanseri.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Rhabdomyosarcoma?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona ikibyimba cyangwa kubyimba bidashira mu byumweru bibiri cyangwa bitatu. Nubwo ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragara ko bidakomeye, bihora ari byiza kubigenzura vuba uko bishoboka.

Tegura gahunda yawe vuba niba ubona ikibyimba gikura, kigoye cyangwa gifunze, cyangwa kigatera ububabare. Ibi bintu ntibisobanura kanseri, ariko bisaba ko uhabwa ubuvuzi vuba.

Ibindi bimenyetso bikwiye guhamagara muganga wawe harimo ibimenyetso biramba nko kuva amaraso mu mazuru, guhinduka kw'ubuhanga bwo kubona, kugorana mu kunywa, cyangwa ibibazo byo kwinjira cyangwa guhagarika bikomeza iminsi myinshi.

Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye, kubyimbagira vuba, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bibangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi, ntuzategereze. Izera ibyiyumvo byawe - uzi umubiri wawe kurusha undi, kandi impinduka zose ziramba zigomba gusuzuma.

Ibyago bya Rhabdomyosarcoma ni ibihe?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago bishobora gufasha gushyira iyi ndwara mu buryo, nubwo ari ngombwa kumenya ko kugira ibyago ntibivuze ko uzabona kanseri. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona rhabdomyosarcoma, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bizwi babona.

Imyaka ni ikintu gikomeye cyane cy'ibyago ukwiye kumenya. Iyi kanseri iba cyane mu bana, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibyorezo byose bigaragara mbere y'imyaka 10. Hariho kandi ikindi gice gito mu bangavu n'abakuru bato.

Dore ibyago nyamukuru abaganga bamenye:

• Imyaka (isanzwe iba mu bana bari munsi y'imyaka 10 n'abangavu)
• Ibibazo bimwe by'imiterere ya gene nka Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Neurofibromatosis type 1
• Kuvurwa mbere na radiotherapy
• Amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri zimwe na zimwe
• Impinduka zimwe za gene zirakomoka

Bikwiye kuzirikana ko abana benshi n'abangavu bafite rhabdomyosarcoma nta byago bizwi bafite. Iyi kanseri ikunda kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye, bishobora gutera agahinda ariko binasobanura ko nta kintu cyakozwe cyo kubikumira.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Rhabdomyosarcoma ni izihe?

Nubwo ari byiza guhangayikishwa n'ingaruka, ni byiza gusobanukirwa icyashoboka kugira ngo ukorane n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga mu gukemura ibibazo byose bivuka. Ingaruka nyinshi zirakomeza kuvurwa neza.

Ingaruka ushobora guhura nazo ziterwa ahanini n'aho kanseri yawe iba n'uko isubiza kuvurwa. Bimwe mu bimenyetso bijyana n'igihombo, mu gihe ibindi bishobora guterwa no kuvurwa ubwayo.

Dore ingaruka nyamukuru ukwiye kumenya:

• Gukwirakwira mu tumanuka mu bihugu by'abaturanyi n'imigabane
• Metastasis (gukwirakwira mu bice bya kure by'umubiri)
• Ibibazo by'imikorere mu gice kibyimba
• Ingaruka ziterwa na chemotherapy cyangwa radiation
• Ingaruka ziramba ku gukura no gutera imbere (mu bana)
• Kanseri ebyiri (bike, ariko bishoboka nyuma y'imyaka)
• Ibibazo byo kubyara biturutse ku buvuzi bumwe na bumwe
• Ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa ibihaha biturutse ku miti imwe na imwe

Inkuru ishishikariza ni uko uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho bugamije kugabanya izi ngaruka mu gihe kuvura kanseri neza. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizahora rikugenzura kandi rigahindura uburyo bwo kuvura uko bikenewe kugira ngo hagabanywe ibyago.

Rhabdomyosarcoma imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya neza indwara bisaba intambwe nyinshi, kandi muganga wawe azatangira amapimishiro yoroshye mbere yo kujya ku mapimishiro yihariye. Uburyo bwo gupima bugamije gukusanya amakuru menshi uko bishoboka ku mimerere yawe.

Muganga wawe azatangira asuzumye umubiri wawe, akareba ibimenyetso kandi akabaza amateka yawe y'ubuzima. Iyi gusuzuma ya mbere ifasha kuyobora ibizamini bishobora kuba bikenewe.

Uburyo bwo gupima busanzwe burimo ibizamini by'amashusho nka CT scan, MRI scan, cyangwa ultrasounds kugira ngo babone ishusho isobanutse y'ingano n'aho igihombo kiba. Ibi bizamini ntibibabaza kandi bifasha itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga gutegura intambwe zikurikira.

Biopsy irasabwa hafi ya buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara. Muri ubu buryo, igice gito cy'umubiri gikurwaho kandi kigenzurwa munsi y'ikirahure n'inzobere yitwa pathologist.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba harimo gupima amaraso, gupima umugufi w'amagufwa, cyangwa ibizamini by'amashusho byihariye kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri yarakwirakwiye mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe. Aya makuru afasha itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga gutegura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikwiye ku mimerere yawe.

Ubuvuzi bwa Rhabdomyosarcoma ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa rhabdomyosarcoma busanzwe burimo uburyo bwo guhuza, bisobanura ko itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishobora gukoresha uburyo butandukanye hamwe. Ubu buryo burambuye bwagaragaye ko ari bwo bufite akamaro mu kugera ku musaruro mwiza.

Ibigize gahunda nyinshi zo kuvura harimo chemotherapy nk'inkingi. Aya miti atembera mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo agerageze uturemangingo twa kanseri aho ari ho hose, nubwo ari mato cyane ku buryo tutamenyekana mu bipimo.

Ubuganga bugira uruhare rw'ingenzi iyo igihombo gishobora gukurwaho neza nta kibazo gikomeye. Rimwe na rimwe ubuganga bukorwa hakiri kare mu buvuzi, mu gihe ibindi bihe bitegurwa nyuma ya chemotherapy imaze kugabanya igihombo.

Radiotherapy ishobora kugeragezwa kugira ngo igerageze uturemangingo twa kanseri dushigaje mu gice cyihariye aho igihombo cyari kiri. Ubu buvuzi bukoresha imirasire ikomeye kugira ngo rirushe uturemangingo twa kanseri mu gihe rigabanya ibibazo ku mitsi myiza.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvura izahinduka bitewe n'ibintu byinshi, harimo ubwoko bwa rhabdomyosarcoma ufite, aho iba, ingano yayo, niba yarakwirakwiye. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizagusobanurira buri ntambwe kandi rizagufasha gusobanukirwa icyo utegereje.

Uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso mu gihe cyo kuvurwa kwa Rhabdomyosarcoma?

Gucunga ibimenyetso n'ingaruka mu gihe cyo kuvurwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cyo kwitaho muri rusange. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishaka ko wumva utekanye uko bishoboka mu gihe cyose cy'uyu muvuduko, ntutinye kuvuga ibibazo byawe.

Guhangana n'ububabare akenshi biba ari ingenzi, kandi hari uburyo bwinshi bukoreshwa. Muganga wawe ashobora kugerageza imiti igabanya ububabare idasaba amabwiriza, imiti isaba amabwiriza, cyangwa ibindi bintu bifasha bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye.

Uburwayi busanzwe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, bityo ni ngombwa kumva umubiri wawe no kuruhuka iyo ukeneye. Ibikorwa byoroshye nko kugenda gato bishobora gufasha kongera imbaraga zawe iyo wumva ubishoboye.

Kurya neza bishobora kuba bigoye mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, ariko imirire myiza ifasha umubiri wawe gukira. Korana n'inzobere mu mirire niba ugira ibibazo mu kubona ibyokurya cyangwa kubibika.

Komereza ku nshuti n'umuryango wawe kugira ngo ubone inkunga yo mu mutima. Abantu benshi basanga ari byiza kuvugana n'umujyanama cyangwa kwinjira mu itsinda ry'abantu bafite ibibazo nk'ibyo kugira ngo bahuze n'abandi bafite ibibazo nk'ibyo.

Uko wakwitegura gahunda yawe yo kubonana na muganga?

Kwitunganya mbere yo kubonana na muganga bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga. Kugira ibibazo byawe n'amakuru byateguwe mbere bigabanya umunaniro kandi bikwemerera kutazibagirwa ibintu by'ingenzi.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye niba byarahindutse uko iminsi igenda. Shyiramo amakuru yerekeye urwego rw'ububabare, uko ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi, n'ikintu cyose kibitera cyangwa kibikiza.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti isaba amabwiriza, imiti idasaba amabwiriza, amavitamini, n'ibindi bintu byongewemo. Nanone shyiramo allergie cyangwa impinduka mbere ku miti.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubabaza. Ntuhangayike kubabaza ibibazo byinshi - itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga ribyiteze kandi rishaka gukemura ibibazo byawe byose.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe wizewe. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cyo kubonana kandi bagatanga inkunga yo mu mutima.

Icyingenzi cyo kuzirikana kuri Rhabdomyosarcoma ni iki?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo gusobanukirwa kuri rhabdomyosarcoma ni uko nubwo ari indwara ikomeye, ibyavuye mu buvuzi byarushijeho kuba byiza cyane mu myaka mike ishize. Abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwiza, buzuye.

Kumenya indwara hakiri kare no kuvurwa vuba bigira uruhare runini mu byavuye mu buvuzi. Niba ubona ibimenyetso byose biramba, kubyimba, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bibangamira, ntuzategereze gusaba ubuvuzi.

Wibuke ko uburambe bwa buri muntu kuri rhabdomyosarcoma butandukanye. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakorana nawe kugira ngo ritegure gahunda y'ubuvuzi ihuye n'imimerere yawe, ukurikije ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ibimenyetso bya kanseri yawe, n'ibyo ukunda.

Kugira itsinda rikomeye ry'abantu bagufasha bigira uruhare nyakuri mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Ntugatinye kwiringira umuryango, inshuti, abaganga, n'amatsiko mu rugendo rwawe.

Ibibazo byakajya bibazwa kuri Rhabdomyosarcoma

Q1. Ese rhabdomyosarcoma ihora ipfana?

Oya, rhabdomyosarcoma ntihora ipfana. Ibyavuye mu buvuzi byarushijeho kuba byiza cyane kubera uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho. Ibyitezwe biterwa n'ibintu byinshi harimo ubwoko bwa rhabdomyosarcoma, aho iba, aho yarakwirakwiye, n'uko isubiza kuvurwa. Abantu benshi, cyane cyane abana, barashobora gukira bavuwe neza.

Q2. Ese rhabdomyosarcoma ishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Yego, rhabdomyosarcoma ishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa, niyo mpamvu gahunda yo gukurikirana buri gihe ari ingenzi. Ariko kandi, abantu benshi barangije kuvurwa ntibahura n'ikibazo cyo gusubira. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizahora rikugenzura neza hamwe no gusuzuma buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane igihombo cyose gishobora gusubira hakiri kare igihe gishobora kuvurwa.

Q3. Ese kuvurwa kwa rhabdomyosarcoma bisanzwe byaramara igihe kingana iki?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa gitandukana bitewe n'imimerere yawe, ariko gahunda nyinshi zo kuvura zirama hagati y'amezi 6 kugeza ku mwaka. Ibi bisanzwe birimo amezi menshi ya chemotherapy, bishobora guhuzwa n'ubuganga na radiotherapy. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizaguha gahunda y'igihe ihuye na gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Q4. Ese abantu bakuru bashobora kugira rhabdomyosarcoma, cyangwa se iba mu bana gusa?

Nubwo rhabdomyosarcoma isanzwe iba cyane mu bana n'abangavu, abantu bakuru bashobora kugira iyi kanseri. Ibyorezo by'abantu bakuru ni bike kandi rimwe na rimwe bigenda bitandukanye n'ibyorezo by'abana. Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kandi gutandukana gato ku bantu bakuru ugereranije n'abana.

Q5. Ese hariho ingaruka ziramba ziterwa no kuvurwa kwa rhabdomyosarcoma?

Bamwe bashobora kugira ingaruka ziramba ziterwa no kuvurwa, nubwo benshi babaho nta bibazo bikomeye. Ingaruka ziramba zishoboka zishobora kuba harimo ibibazo byo kubyara, ibibazo by'umutima biturutse ku miti imwe na imwe ya chemotherapy, cyangwa kanseri ebyiri nyuma y'imyaka. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizaganira nawe ku byago bishoboka kandi rizahora rikugenzura ibyo bibazo mu gihe cyo gukurikirana ubuvuzi.