Rickets ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Umuti

Rickets ni indwara y’amagufa ikunda kwibasira abana bari gukura iyo imibiri yabo idafite vitamine D ihagije, kalisiyumu, cyangwa fosfate. Ibi bintu by’ingenzi bifasha amagufa gukomera no gukura neza, bityo iyo bibaye bike, amagufa aba ashobora kuba yoroshye kandi adafite imbaraga.

Tekereza nk’aho ugerageza kubaka inzu udafite ibikoresho bihagije bikomeye. Amagufa ntashobora gukura neza, bigatuma agerageza kugerageza gukomera, kubabara, no gukura gake. Nubwo rickets yahoze ari indwara ikunze kugaragara, ubu ni gake mu bihugu byateye imbere kubera ibiryo byongerwamo intungamubiri n’ubumenyi bwiza ku bijyanye n’imirire.

Ibimenyetso bya rickets ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya rickets bisanzwe bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko umwana wawe akura. Ushobora kubona impinduka mu buryo atembera, ishusho y’amagufa ye, cyangwa iterambere rye muri rusange.

Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ushobora kubona:

• Amaguru y’igikombe cyangwa amaguru y’ibirenge aboneka cyane uko umwana wawe atangira kugenda
• Gutinda kw’amenyo cyangwa ibibazo by’amenyo nka caries n’amenyo adakomeye
• Kubabara kw’amagufa no kubabara, cyane cyane mu maguru, mu kibuno, no mu mugongo
• Gutinda gukura no kugira uburebure bugufi ugereranije n’abandi bana b’imyaka imwe
• Intege nke z’imikaya no kugorana kugenda cyangwa kuzamuka
• Amagufa akunze kuvunika kubera kugwa gato cyangwa kugonga
• Amagufa y’umutwe yoroshye mu bana bato, aho imyanya yoroshye itinda gufunga

Mu bindi bihe, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo impinduka z’ibituza aho ibyondo byo mu gituza bigenda bigenda bigenda, imiterere idasanzwe y’umutwe, cyangwa kugoroba kw’umugongo. Bamwe mu bana bashobora kugira ibibazo by’indwara cyangwa guhindagurika kw’imikaya kubera ipunguka rya kalisiyumu.

Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara kuko amagufa adafite intungamubiri akenewe kugira ngo akomere neza. Inkuru nziza ni uko uko kuvurwa neza, izi mpinduka zose zishobora kuzamuka cyane.

Ubwoko bwa rickets ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa rickets, buri bwoko bufite impamvu yabwo. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bubabaza umwana wawe bifasha mu gupima uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ubwoko nyamukuru burimo:

• Rickets yo mu mirire: Ubwoko busanzwe, buterwa no kutabona vitamine D, kalisiyumu, cyangwa fosfate bihagije mu biryo cyangwa izuba
• Rickets iterwa no kudakoresha vitamine D neza: Indwara idasanzwe ikomoka ku mubyeyi aho umubiri udashobora gukoresha vitamine D neza, nubwo ubaye ufite bihagije
• Rickets idakira vitamine D: Ikindi gice gikomoka ku mubyeyi aho impyiko zitabasha kubika fosfate, bigatuma habaho ibibazo by’amagufa nubwo hari vitamine D ihagije
• Rickets yo mu ndwara z’impyiko: Igaragara iyo indwara y’impyiko ibuza vitamine D gukora neza cyangwa kubika fosfate

Rickets yo mu mirire ikira neza iyo impinduka mu mirire n’imiti yongerwamo. Ariko kandi, ubwoko bukomoka ku mubyeyi busaba ubuvuzi bwihariye ubuzima bwose. Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya ubwoko umwana wawe afite binyuze mu bipimo by’amaraso n’amateka y’umuryango.

Impamvu za rickets ni izihe?

Rickets igaragara iyo amagufa y’umwana wawe ari gukura adafite intungamubiri akenewe kugira ngo akomere neza. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ipunguka rya vitamine D, ariko hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi kibazo.

Impamvu zikunze kugaragara harimo:

• Kugera ku zuba bike, cyane cyane mu bihugu byo mu majyaruguru cyangwa iyo abana bamara igihe kinini mu nzu
• Vitamine D idahagije mu mirire, cyane cyane mu bana badakoresha amata cyangwa ibiryo byongerwamo intungamubiri
• Indwara zituma umubiri udashobora kubona intungamubiri nka celiac cyangwa cystic fibrosis
• Imirere y’abadashaka inyama idafite vitamine D na kalisiyumu bihagije
• Kuvuka imburagihe, kuko abana bavutse imburagihe bakunze kugira vitamine D nke
• Uruhu rw’umukara mu turere dufite izuba rike, kuko melanin igabanya umusaruro wa vitamine D

Gake, rickets ishobora guterwa n’indwara z’umuzimu zidasanzwe zigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri ukora vitamine D cyangwa fosfate. Imiti imwe, cyane cyane imiti imwe yo kurwanya indwara zifata ubwonko, ishobora kandi kubangamira imikorere ya vitamine D mu gihe kinini.

Rimwe na rimwe, ibintu byinshi bifatanije bigatera iki kibazo. Urugero, umwana udafite izuba rihagije kandi akaba afite imirire mike ashobora kuba afite ibyago byinshi kurusha uwufite ikintu kimwe cy’ibyago.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera rickets?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga w’umwana wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso by’ibibazo by’amagufa cyangwa gutinda gukura. Kugira ubuvuzi hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bigafasha amagufa y’umwana wawe gukura neza.

Shaka ubuvuzi niba ubona ibimenyetso bikurikira:

• Amaguru y’igikombe asa n’aho ari kugenda aba mabi uko umwana wawe akura
• Kubabara kw’amagufa cyangwa kubabara kenshi bibangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi
• Gutinda kugenda cyangwa kugorana mu mikorere ugereranije n’abandi bana
• Amagufa akunze kuvunika kubera imvune nto
• Ibibazo by’amenyo nko gutinda kw’amenyo cyangwa caries nyinshi
• Intege nke z’imikaya cyangwa guhindagurika, cyane cyane hamwe n’ibimenyetso nk’iby’indwara

Ntugatege amatwi niba uhangayikishijwe n’ukura kw’umwana wawe cyangwa iterambere rye. Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini byoroshye kugira ngo apime urwego rwa vitamine D n’ubuzima bw’amagufa. Kumenya hakiri kare bituma kuvura bikora cyane.

Niba umwana wawe afite ibyago nko kubura izuba rihagije, imirire mike, cyangwa amateka y’umuryango afite ibibazo by’amagufa, banira hamwe na muganga wawe ingamba zo gukumira mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Ibyago byo kurwara rickets ni ibihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe y’umwana wawe yo kurwara rickets. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bifasha mu gufata ingamba zo gukumira no kumenya igihe ukwiye kuba maso.

Ibyago nyamukuru harimo:

• Imyaka: Abana bari hagati y’amezi 6 na 2 nibo bafite ibyago byinshi mu gihe cyo gukura kw’amagufa
• Izuba rike: Kutuga mu bihugu byo mu majyaruguru, kuba mu nzu kenshi, cyangwa kwambara imyenda ikingira uruhu rwose
• Ibara ry’uruhu: Uruhu rw’umukara rusaba izuba rihagije kugira ngo rukore vitamine D ihagije
• Ibintu byo mu mirire: Imirere y’abadashaka inyama, allergie z’amata, cyangwa kudakunda amata nta kongerwamo intungamubiri bihagije
• Kuvuka imburagihe: Abana bavutse imburagihe bakunze kugira vitamine D na kalisiyumu nke
• Konsoma amata y’ikiganza nta kongerwamo vitamine D: Amata y’ikiganza gusa ashobora kutabamo vitamine D ihagije

Ibindi byago harimo indwara zimwe na zimwe zigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri uboneza intungamubiri, nka celiac cyangwa indwara z’umwijima. Imiti imwe, cyane cyane imiti yo kurwanya indwara zifata ubwonko, ishobora kandi kubangamira imikorere ya vitamine D.

Kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe azahita arwara rickets. Bisobanura gusa ko ukwiye kuba ufite uburyo bwo gukumira binyuze mu mirire myiza no kugera ku zuba.

Ingaruka zishoboka za rickets ni izihe?

Niba idakuweho, rickets ishobora gutera impinduka z’amagufa zidakira n’ibindi bibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima. Ariko kandi, uko kuvurwa neza, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gukumirwa cyangwa kuzamuka cyane.

Ingaruka zishoboka harimo:

• Impinduka z’amagufa zidakira: Amaguru y’igikombe, amaguru y’ibirenge, cyangwa kugoroba kw’umugongo bishobora gusaba kubagwa
• Ibibazo by’amenyo: Gutinda kw’amenyo, caries nyinshi, n’amenyo adakomeye
• Ibyago byo kuvunika byiyongereye: Amagufa adakomeye avunika byoroshye ubuzima bwose
• Ibibazo byo gukura: Uburebure bugufi bw’abakuze no gutinda gukura
• Indwara n’imikaya ihinduka: Kubera ipunguka rya kalisiyumu rigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imikaya n’imiterere y’ubwonko
• Ibibazo byo guhumeka: Impinduka z’ibituza zishobora kugira ingaruka ku guhumeka

Mu bihe bidafite akamaro, rickets ikomeye ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zishobora kwica. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo tetany (guhindagurika kw’imikaya bikomeye), ibibazo by’umutima kubera ipunguka rya kalisiyumu, cyangwa ibibazo byo guhumeka kubera impinduka z’ibituza.

Inkuru ishimishije ni uko iyo rickets imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ikavurwa neza, abana benshi barakira neza. Nubwo impinduka zimwe z’amagufa zishobora kuzamuka cyane uko kuvurwa, cyane cyane mu bana bato bagifite amagufa ari gukura.

Uburyo bwo gukumira rickets ni ubuhe?

Gukumira rickets biroroshye kurusha kuyivura, kandi intambwe ni nzira. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukwishingikiriza ko umwana wawe afite vitamine D, kalisiyumu, na fosfate bihagije binyuze mu izuba, imirire, n’imiti yongerwamo iyo bibaye ngombwa.

Dore ingamba zikomeye zo gukumira:

• Kugera ku zuba bihagije: Iminota 10-15 y’izuba rya saa sita inshuro nyinshi mu cyumweru
• Gutanga imiti yongerwamo vitamine D: Cyane cyane ku bana banywa amata y’ikiganza n’abana badafite izuba rihagije
• Koresha ibiryo bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu: Amata, foromaje, yaourt, imboga z’icyatsi, n’ibindi bikomoka ku bimera byongerwamo intungamubiri
• Koresha ibiryo byongerwamo intungamubiri: Ibinyamisogwe, amata, n’ibindi bikomoka ku bimera byongerwamo vitamine D na kalisiyumu
• Kugira imirire yuzuye: Koresha ibiryo bikungahaye kuri fosfate nka inyama, amafi, amagi, n’ibikomoka ku mata

Ku miryango ikunda imirire y’abadashaka inyama cyangwa abafite allergie z’amata, banira hamwe na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye uburyo bwo kongerwamo intungamubiri bihagije. Abana bafite uruhu rw’umukara batuye mu bihugu byo mu majyaruguru bashobora gukenera imiti yongerwamo vitamine D umwaka wose.

Niba umwana wawe afite ibyago, banira hamwe na muganga wawe ingamba zo gukumira. Bashobora kugutegeka gukora ibizamini by’amaraso buri gihe kugira ngo bakurikirane urwego rwa vitamine D kandi baguhindurire uburyo bwo kongerwamo intungamubiri.

Uburyo bwo kuvura rickets ni ubuhe?

Kuvura rickets bigamije gukosora ipunguka ry’imirire n’inkunga y’iterambere ry’amagufa. Uburyo bwihariye biterwa n’ubwoko bwa rickets n’uburemere bwabwo.

Kuvura bisanzwe birimo:

• Kongerwamo vitamine D: Amavuta cyangwa imiti yongerwamo vitamine D, akenshi igihe cy’amezi menshi
• Kongerwamo kalisiyumu: Kugira ngo habungabungwe amagufa no gukumira ibimenyetso by’ipunguka
• Impinduka mu mirire: Kongera ibiryo bikungahaye kuri vitamine D, kalisiyumu, na fosfate
• Kongera kugera ku zuba: Izuba rihagije kugira ngo habungabungwe umusaruro wa vitamine D
• Gukurikirana buri gihe: Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo hakurikiwe iterambere kandi hahindurwe uburyo bwo kuvura

Kubwoko butasanzwe nka rickets idakira vitamine D, kuvura biragoye kandi bishobora gusaba imiti yihariye nka calcitriol cyangwa imiti yongerwamo fosfate. Bamwe mu bana bashobora gukenera kuvurwa ubuzima bwabo bwose.

Mu bihe bifite impinduka zikomeye z’amagufa, kubagwa bishobora gusabwa iyo rickets ivuwe kandi amagufa akomeye. Ariko kandi, impinduka nyinshi zizamuka cyane uko kuvurwa gusa, cyane cyane mu bana bato.

Abana benshi bafite rickets yo mu mirire bagaragaza iterambere mu mezi make yo kuvura, aho kubabara kw’amagufa kugabanuka kandi gukura bigakomeza nk’ibisanzwe.

Uburyo bwo kwita ku rugo mu gihe cyo kuvura rickets

Kwita ku rugo mu gihe cyo kuvura umwana wawe birimo gutanga imiti buri gihe, kunoza imirire, no guhanga ibidukikiro byiza mu gihe amagufa ari gukira.

Dore uko ushobora gufasha umwana wawe gukira:

• Tanga imiti buri gihe: Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe ku bijyanye n’imiti yongerwamo vitamine D na kalisiyumu
• Tegura kugera ku zuba neza: Iminota 10-15 y’izuba rya mu gitondo cyangwa nimugoroba iyo bishoboka
• Tanga ibiryo biringaniye: Koresha ibinyamisogwe byongerwamo intungamubiri, ibiryo bikomoka ku mata, amafi, n’imboga z’icyatsi
• Hanga ibidukikiro byiza: Kwirinda kugwa no gukomeretsa mu gihe amagufa agifite intege nke
• Kwita ku bimenyetso: Kwita ku rwego rw’ububabare, uburyo bwo kugenda, n’ibindi bibazo bishya

Komeza umwana wawe akore imyitozo ngororamubiri mu rwego rw’ubushobozi bwe. Imikino myoroshye n’imikino bifasha gukomeza amagufa n’imikaya uko ari gukira. Ariko kandi, wirinde ibikorwa bikomeye bishobora gutera kuvunika.

Komeza gukora ibizamini byo gukurikirana na muganga wawe kugira ngo hakurikiwe iterambere. Bazahindura uburyo bwo kuvura hashingiwe ku bipimo by’amaraso n’iterambere ry’umwana wawe.

Uko wakwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga

Gutegura neza igihe ugiye kwa muganga bifasha muganga wawe kugira amakuru yose akenewe kugira ngo atange ubuvuzi bwiza ku mwana wawe.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Ibimenyetso: Igihe wabonye ibibazo bwa mbere, uko byahindutse, n’icyo biba byiza cyangwa biba bibi
• Amateka y’ubuzima: Indwara zabanje, imiti, n’amateka y’umuryango afite ibibazo by’amagufa
• Amakuru y’imirire: Icyo umwana wawe akunda kurya no kunywa, harimo ibyo atemerewe cyangwa imiti yongerwamo
• Ibintu byo mu buzima: Kugera ku zuba, ibikorwa, n’igihe cyo kuba mu nzu cyangwa hanze
• Ibyanditswe byo gukura: Uburebure n’uburemere byavuye mu buvuzi buheruka niba bihari

Andika ibibazo byihariye ushaka kubaza, nko kuvura, igihe cyitezwe cyo gukira, cyangwa ibikorwa byo kwirinda. Ntugatinye kubaza icyo ari cyo cyose gikubabaza.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose n’imiti yongerwamo umwana wawe afite ubu. Niba bishoboka, zana ibyanditswe byo gukingira umwana wawe n’ibizamini byabanje bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’amagufa.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya kuri rickets

Rickets ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa kandi ikora neza iyo ifite imirire myiza n’ubuvuzi. Nubwo ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye niba idakuweho, abana benshi barakira neza iyo bavuwe neza.

Ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwibuka ni uko gukumira biroroshye binyuze mu vitamine D ihagije, kalisiyumu, no kugera ku zuba neza. Niba ukeka rickets, kuvurwa hakiri kare bigatanga umusaruro mwiza kandi bishobora gukumira ingaruka zidakira.

Hamwe n’uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho n’ubumenyi ku bijyanye n’imirire, rickets ntibikwiye kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umwana wawe n’iterambere rye mu gihe kirekire. Komeza ube ufite amakuru, korana na muganga wawe, kandi wibuke ko iyi ndwara irashobora kuvurwa neza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri rickets

Rickets ishobora gukira burundu?

Yego, rickets yo mu mirire ishobora gukira burundu uko kuvurwa neza. Abana benshi barakira neza iyo bafite vitamine D, kalisiyumu, na fosfate bihagije. Nubwo impinduka zimwe z’amagufa zishobora kuzamuka cyane, cyane cyane mu bana bato bagifite amagufa ari gukura. Ariko kandi, ubwoko bukomoka ku mubyeyi bwa rickets busaba kuvurwa ubuzima bwabo bwose aho gukira burundu.

Birama igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone iterambere uko kuvurwa?

Abana benshi batangira kugaragaza iterambere mu mezi 2-3 batangiye kuvurwa. Kubabara kw’amagufa kenshi bigabanuka mbere, bikurikirwa no gukura neza no gukosora impinduka z’amagufa buhoro buhoro. Gukira burundu bishobora gufata amezi 6-12 cyangwa arenga, bitewe n’uburemere. Muganga wawe azakurikirana iterambere binyuze mu bizamini by’amaraso buri gihe n’ubugenzuzi.

Rickets yandura cyangwa ikomoka ku mubyeyi?

Rickets ntiyandura. Ntushobora kuyifata ku wundi muntu. Ariko kandi, ubwoko bumwe butasanzwe bwa rickets bukomoka ku mubyeyi, bisobanura ko bwohererezwa mu miryango kubera impinduka z’umuzimu. Rickets yo mu mirire, ubwoko busanzwe, ntikomoka ku mubyeyi kandi iterwa no kubura vitamine D.

Abakuze bashobora kurwara rickets?

Abakuze bashobora kurwara indwara isa na yo yitwa osteomalacia, ari yo “rickets y’abakuze”. Ibi bibaho iyo amagufa akomeye aba yoroshye kubera ipunguka rya vitamine D. Nubwo ibibazo by’amagufa bisa, abakuze ntibagira ibibazo byo gukura n’iterambere biboneka mu bana barwaye rickets.

Ibiryo byiza byo gukumira rickets ni ibihe?

Ibiryo byiza birimo amata n’ibinyamisogwe byongerwamo intungamubiri, amafi akungahaye kuri amavuta nka salimoni na mackerel, amagi, na foromaje. Kuri kalisiyumu, shyiramo ibiryo bikomoka ku mata, imboga z’icyatsi, n’ibindi bikomoka ku bimera byongerwamo intungamubiri. Ibiryo byinshi ubu byongerwamo vitamine D kugira ngo bifashe gukumira rickets no gufasha ubuzima bw’amagufa.