Icyo ari cyo Kuribwa kwa Gatwe? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Ubuvuzi

Kuribwa kwa gatwe ni indwara iterwa n’ibinyampeke byangiza uruhu n’umusatsi wo ku mutwe. Nubwo izina ryabyo rivuga ko ari udusimba, ntabwo bifitanye isano n’udusimba-ahubwo biterwa n’ibinyampeke bito bituma habaho ibice by’urusoro bifite ishusho y’umuringa ku mutwe.

Iyi ndwara, mu rurimi rw’abaganga yitwa tinea capitis, igaragara cyane mu bana, ariko ishobora kwibasira umuntu uwo ari we wese. Inkuru nziza ni uko, iyo ivuwe neza, kuribwa kwa gatwe kurakira burundu kandi umusatsi ukamera neza.

Kuribwa kwa gatwe ni iki?

Kuribwa kwa gatwe ni indwara yandura iterwa n’ibinyampeke byangiza imizi y’umusatsi n’uruhu rumukikije ku mutwe. Ibyo binyampeke birya keratine, poroteyine iboneka mu musatsi no mu ruhu, bigatuma umusatsi ucika kandi ugakomera.

Ubusanzwe ubona ibice by’urusoro bifite ishusho y’umuringa cyangwa oval aho umusatsi waciwe hafi y’uruhu, ugasiga utuntu duto cyangwa ibice byuzuye. Ibyo bice bikunze kuba bifite ubusa, bigasa n’ibyibitse kandi bishobora kugaragara nk’ibyibitse cyangwa byatututse.

Iyi ndwara ikwirakwira vuba binyuze mu guhuza n’abantu, inyamaswa, cyangwa ibintu byanduye nk’amasuka, ingofero, cyangwa ibyo kuryamaho. Abana bari hagati y’imyaka 3 na 14 nibo bayibasirwa cyane, nubwo n’abakuze bashobora kuyirwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Ikimenyetso cyiboneka cyane ni ugutakaza umusatsi mu duce runaka, bigenda buhoro buhoro mu byumweru bike. Ibyo bice by’umusatsi ubuze bikunze gutangira ari bito, kandi bishobora gukura bikaba binini niba bitavuwe.

Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ukwiye kwitondera:

• Ibice by’urusoro bifite ishusho y’umuringa cyangwa oval aho umusatsi waciwe
• Uruhu rufite ubusa mu duce twanduye
• Kuryaryata cyangwa kubabara ku mutwe
• Ibicu by’umweru cyangwa by’umukara aho umusatsi waciwe ku ruhu
• Udukoko tw’amaraso twibitse inyuma y’amatwi cyangwa inyuma y’ijosi
• Uruhu rutukura, rwibitse hafi y’ibice byanduye

Mu bindi bihe, ushobora kugira ubwoko bukomeye bw’iyi ndwara bwitwa kerion. Ibi bituma habaho udukoko tubabaza, twuzuyemo ibyuya, dushobora kumvikana nk’ibyoroshye kandi byoroshye. Nubwo kerion isa n’iteye ubwoba, ikunda gukira idasize inenge iyo ivuwe neza.

Gake cyane, iyi ndwara ishobora gutera ubwandu bukomeye mu mutwe wose, bigatuma umusatsi ucika cyane aho kuba mu duce runaka. Iyi shusho rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwitiranywa n’izindi ndwara zituma umusatsi ucika.

Ni iki giterwa na kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Kuribwa kwa gatwe biterwa n’ibinyampeke byitwa dermatophytes, bibasha gusenya keratine. Ibyo binyampeke bikunze kugaragara ni Trichophyton tonsurans na Microsporum canis.

Ibyo binyampeke bikura mu turere duhumye kandi dufite ubushyuhe, bikwirakwira mu nzira zitandukanye:

• Guhuza n’umuntu urwaye kuribwa kwa gatwe
• Gusangira ibintu bya buri muntu nk’amasuka, ibirungo, ingofero, cyangwa ibyo kuryamaho
• Guhuza n’inyamaswa zanduye, cyane cyane ibyatsi, imbwa, cyangwa amatungo y’ubuhinzi
• Guhuza n’ibintu byanduye ahantu nk’aho bacura imisatsi cyangwa mu byumba byo kwambara
• Kugenda utagira inkweto mu turere rusange aho ibinyampeke bishobora kuba biri

Ibyo binyampeke bishobora kubaho ku bintu no ku ruhu igihe kirekire, bituma kwanduza bitazwi kubaho. Iyo bigeze ku mutwe wawe, binjira mu mizi y’umusatsi kandi bigatangira kurya keratine, bigatuma umusatsi ucika buhoro buhoro.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma kwandura kuba byoroshye, birimo imvune nto ku mutwe, gukonja cyane, cyangwa kugira ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke. Isuku mbi ntigatera kuribwa kwa gatwe, ariko ishobora koroshya kwanduza.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga vuba ubonye ugutakaza umusatsi udakunze cyangwa impinduka ku mutwe. Ubuvuzi bwa vuba burabuza iyi ndwara gukwirakwira kandi bigabanya ibyago byo gutakaza umusatsi burundu.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga ako kanya ubonye:

• Iyo ubonye ibice by’umusatsi ubuze ku mutwe
• Kuryaryata cyangwa ubusa bidashira, bidakira n’ishampoo isanzwe
• Ibice by’uruhu rutukura, rwibitse, cyangwa rubabaza ku mutwe
• Udukoko twuzuyemo ibyuya cyangwa ibikomere byafunguye
• Umusaruro hamwe n’ibimenyetso byo ku mutwe
• Udukoko tw’amaraso twibitse mu ijosi cyangwa inyuma y’amatwi

Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba iyi ndwara izakira yonyine. Kuribwa kwa gatwe bisaba imiti igabanya udukoko, kandi ntibizakira n’imiti yo kwisiga cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bw’iwabo.

Niba umuntu wo mu rugo rwawe yaravuwe kuribwa kwa gatwe, abandi bagize umuryango bagomba gupimwa nubwo bataragaragaza ibimenyetso. Iyi ndwara ishobora gukwirakwira mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe. Kubyumva bigufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye no kumenya igihe ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byinshi birimo:

• Imyaka-abana bari hagati y’imyaka 3 na 14 nibo bayibasirwa cyane
• Guhuza n’abantu barwaye, cyane cyane mu mashuri cyangwa mu bigo byita ku bana
• Kuba mu turere dufite abantu benshi cyangwa mu bigo
• Guhuza n’amatungo yanduye cyangwa amatungo y’ubuhinzi
• Kwitabira imikino ihuza abantu nk’imikino yo guhiganwa
• Koresha ibikorwa rusange nk’ibyumba byo koga cyangwa ibyumba byo kwambara
• Kugira ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke kubera indwara cyangwa imiti
• Kuba mu turere dufite ubushyuhe buhagije aho ibinyampeke bikura

Abantu bamwe bagira ibyago byinshi kubera impamvu z’imibereho cyangwa ibidukikije. Abana bo mu mijyi bafite ubushobozi buke bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi kubera aho batuye cyangwa ibikorwa by’abaturage.

Kugira diabete, gufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, cyangwa kuvurwa kanseri bishobora kandi kukugira intege nke ku ndwara ziterwa n’ibinyampeke. Ariko kandi, abantu bafite ubuzima bwiza bashobora kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe niba bahuye n’ibinyampeke.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Urugero rwinshi rwa kuribwa kwa gatwe rukira neza iyo ruvuwe neza, nta ngaruka zisigara. Ariko kandi, hari ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane niba iyi ndwara idavuwe cyangwa ikaba ikomeye.

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Gutakaza umusatsi burundu mu duce twanduye cyane
• Ubundi bwandu bw’ibinyampeke biterwa no gukorora
• Ibikomere ku mutwe
• Gukwirakwira kw’ubwandu mu bindi bice by’umubiri
• Kerion itera udukoko tubabaza, twuzuyemo ibyuya
• Uburakari buhoraho nubwo ibinyampeke byakuyemo

Ibikomere bisigara bikunze kubaho gusa iyo iyi ndwara itera ubwandu bukomeye cyangwa iyo ubundi bwandu bw’ibinyampeke bugeraho. Ibi bikunze kubaho mu ndwara za kerion ziterwa no kubyimbagira cyane no kwangirika kw’imiterere.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, kuribwa kwa gatwe bidavuwe bishobora gutera indwara yitwa favus, itera gutakaza umusatsi burundu no gukomeretsa. Iyi ndwara ikomeye ntiboneka cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere kubera ko hari uburyo bwo kuvura bworoshye.

Ingaruka zo mu mutwe ntizikwiye kwirengagizwa. Gutakaza umusatsi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwihesha agaciro, cyane cyane mu bana n’abangavu. Ubuvuzi bwa vuba bufasha kugabanya ingaruka zo mu mubiri no mu mutwe z’iyi ndwara.

Kuribwa kwa gatwe bishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira kwibanda ku kugabanya guhura n’ibinyampeke no kugira isuku nziza y’umutwe. Nubwo udashobora gukuraho ibyago byose, ingamba zoroshye zigabanya cyane amahirwe yo kwandura.

Dore ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda:

• Kwirinda gusangira ibintu bya buri muntu nk’amasuka, ibirungo, ingofero, cyangwa ibintu byo mu musatsi
• Koga intoki neza umaze guhuza n’inyamaswa
• Komeza umutwe wawe usa neza kandi ukaruka
• Kweza ibintu bisangiwe mu maduka yo gucura imisatsi cyangwa mu ma salon
• Kujya usuzumisha amatungo yawe kugira ngo umenye niba afite indwara z’uruhu
• Kwirinda guhuza n’abantu barwaye
• Kwambara inkweto zikurinda mu byumba byo koga cyangwa ahantu ho koga

Niba umuntu wo mu rugo rwawe afite kuribwa kwa gatwe, koga ibyo aryamyeho, imyenda ye, n’ibintu bye mu mazi ashyushye. Koresha aspirateur mu bikoresho byo mu nzu no ku byicaro, kuko ibinyampeke bishobora kuba mu myenda.

Ku miryango ifite amatungo, kujya kwa muganga buri gihe bifasha kumenya no kuvura indwara z’amatungo mbere y’uko zikwirakwira ku bantu. Niba amatungo yawe agaragaza ibice by’urusoro bifite ishusho y’umuringa, mumenyeshe muganga vuba.

Amashuri n’ibigo byita ku bana bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kwirinda binyuze mu gusuzuma abana kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimenyetso no kwigisha imiryango ibijyanye n’isuku.

Kuribwa kwa gatwe kupimwa gute?

Ubusanzwe gupima bitangira harebwa umutwe n’umusatsi. Muganga azareba ishusho y’umusatsi ubuze n’ubusa bigaragaza ko hari udukoko.

Kugira ngo yemeze ko hari udukoko, muganga ashobora gukora ibizamini bitandukanye:

• Ibizamini bya KOH (potassium hydroxide)-gusesengura ibice by’umusatsi hakoreshejwe mikoroskopi
• Gukuramo udukoko-kurera udukoko muri laboratwari kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bwabyo
• Ibizamini bya Wood’s lamp-gukoresha umucyo wa ultraviolet kugira ngo hamenyekane udukoko bimwe na bimwe
• Dermoscopy-gusesengura umutwe n’umusatsi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga

Ibizamini bya KOH bitanga ibisubizo vuba mu minota mike, bigaragaza ibice by’ibinyampeke nk’udusimba n’imigozi y’ibinyampeke. Ariko kandi, iri bizamini rimwe na rimwe rishobora kudahita rigaragaza udukoko cyangwa rikatanga ibisubizo bitari byo.

Gukuramo udukoko ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gupima ariko bisaba ibyumweru 2-4. Muganga azakuramo umusatsi n’uruhu byanduye kugira ngo abijyane muri laboratwari, aho abakozi bashobora kumenya ubwoko bw’ibinyampeke.

Ibizamini bya Wood’s lamp ntibikunze gukoreshwa ubu kuko ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibinyampeke bya kuribwa kwa gatwe ntibyongera umucyo wa ultraviolet. Ariko kandi, iyo byagaragaye, bishobora gufasha kwemeza ko hari udukoko ako kanya.

Ni ikihe kivura kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Kuribwa kwa gatwe bisaba imiti igabanya udukoko ifatwa mu kanwa. Imiti yo kwisiga nk’amavuta cyangwa ishampoo ntibikora kuko ntibishobora kwinjira mu mizi y’umusatsi.

Imiti ikunze kuvurwa mu kanwa irimo:

• Griseofulvin-ifatwa mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6-12
• Terbinafine-isanzwe itangwa mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 4-6
• Itraconazole-ifatwa mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 4-6 mu bice
• Fluconazole-itangwa buri cyumweru mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 8-12

Muganga wawe azahitamo imiti ikwiye hashingiwe ku bwoko bw’ibinyampeke, imyaka yawe, n’izindi ndwara ushobora kuba ufite. Abana bakunze guhabwa griseofulvin kuko ifite amateka maremare yo gukoreshwa mu bana.

Igihe cyo kuvura gitandukanye bitewe n’imiti n’uburemere bw’ubwandu. Uzakenera gukomeza gufata imiti mu byumweru bike nyuma y’aho ibimenyetso bigiye kugira ngo ube wizeye ko udukoko twakuweho burundu.

Ishampoo igabanya udukoko irimo ketoconazole cyangwa selenium sulfide ishobora gutangwa hamwe n’imiti yo mu kanwa kugira ngo igabanye umubare w’ibinyampeke ku mutwe wawe kandi ikumirwe gukwirakwira ku bandi.

Uko wakwitwara mu rugo ufite kuribwa kwa gatwe

Kwitwara mu rugo kwibanda ku gutera inkunga ubuvuzi no kwirinda ko iyi ndwara ikwirakwira ku bandi. Nubwo udashobora gukiza kuribwa kwa gatwe n’ubuvuzi bw’iwabo, kwitwara neza bifasha kwihuta gukira.

Dore uko wakwitwara ku mutwe wawe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa:

• Fata imiti yose yatanzwe nk’uko byategetswe
• Koresha ishampoo igabanya udukoko nk’uko muganga wawe yabitegetse
• Komeza ahantu handuye hasukuye kandi hakaruka
• Kwirinda gukorora cyangwa gukuraho ibice byanduye
• Koga intoki neza umaze guhuza n’ahantu handuye
• Hindura ibyo kuryamaho n’amasuka buri munsi

Kugira ngo wirinde gukwirakwiza iyi ndwara, koga imyenda yose, ibyo kuryamaho, n’ibintu bya buri muntu mu mazi ashyushye hamwe n’isabune. Ibintu bidakorwaho bigomba gufungwa mu mifuka ya pulasitike mu byumweru bike kugira ngo ibinyampeke bipfe.

Ushobora gusubira mu ishuri cyangwa ku kazi umaze gutangira kuvurwa n’imiti igabanya udukoko kandi umaze gukoresha ishampoo ivura mu minsi mike. Ariko kandi, wirinda gusangira ibintu bya buri muntu n’ibikorwa bihuza abantu kugeza igihe muganga yemeje ko iyi ndwara igiye gukira.

Ntukore ubuvuzi bw’iwabo nk’amavuta ya tea tree cyangwa vinegere nk’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze. Ibi bishobora gutera uburakari bundi kandi ntibizakuraho ubwandu buri mu mizi y’umusatsi.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitwara neza mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bifasha kwemeza ko ubonye ubuvuzi bukwiye. Kora amakuru akenewe mbere y’igihe kugira ngo uruzinduko rugire akamaro.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe:

• Andika urutonde rw’ibimenyetso byose n’igihe byatangiye
• Andika igihe uheruka guhuza n’abantu cyangwa amatungo ashobora kuba afite indwara z’uruhu
• Zana urutonde rw’imiti n’ibindi ufashe
• Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza
• Kwirinda gukoresha ibintu byo mu musatsi cyangwa gukaraba umusatsi mbere gato y’uruzinduko

Tegura kuvugana n’umuryango wawe, cyane cyane amateka y’indwara ziterwa n’ibinyampeke cyangwa ibibazo by’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Muganga ashobora kandi kukubaza ku ngendo za vuba cyangwa ibikorwa wagiyemo aho ushobora kuba wahuriye n’ibinyampeke.

Niba bishoboka, zana amafoto agaragaza uko ahantu handuye hagaragaye igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe kumva uko iyi ndwara yagiye ikura.

Ntutike kubabaza ibibazo bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, igihe cyo gukira, cyangwa ingamba zo kwirinda kwandura ukundi. Gusobanukirwa indwara yawe bigufasha gukurikiza gahunda y’ubuvuzi neza.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya kuri kuribwa kwa gatwe

Kuribwa kwa gatwe ni indwara yandura iterwa n’ibinyampeke ivurwa neza n’imiti igabanya udukoko. Nubwo ishobora kugaragara nk’iteye ubwoba, cyane cyane iyo itera gutakaza umusatsi, abantu benshi barakira neza iyo bavuwe neza.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ubuvuzi bwa vuba burabuza ibibazo kandi bigabanya igihe uri mu kaga cyo kwanduza abandi. Ntugerageze kuvura kuribwa kwa gatwe wenyine-bisaba imiti yatanzwe na muganga gusa.

Ukoresheje ubuvuzi buhoraho n’isuku nziza, witege imisatsi yawe ikamera neza iyo iyi ndwara igiye gukira. Abantu benshi babona impinduka mu byumweru bike, nubwo gukira burundu bishobora gufata amezi menshi.

Kwiringira bikomeza kuba intwaro yawe ikomeye yo kwirinda indwara mu gihe kizaza. Intambwe zoroshye nk’uko kwirinda gusangira ibintu bya buri muntu no kugira isuku nziza y’umutwe bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe ukundi.

Ibibazo byakunze kubazwa kuri kuribwa kwa gatwe

Kuribwa kwa gatwe bishobora gutera gutakaza umusatsi burundu?

Urugero rwinshi rwa kuribwa kwa gatwe ntibutera gutakaza umusatsi burundu iyo ruvuwe vuba kandi neza. Umusatsi ubusanzwe ukura neza iyo iyi ndwara igiye gukira, nubwo bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo ubone umusatsi mwinshi. Gutakaza umusatsi burundu bishobora kubaho mu ndwara zikomeye ziterwa no kubyimbagira cyangwa ubundi bwandu bw’ibinyampeke, ariko ibi ntibikunze kubaho iyo havuwe vuba.

Kuribwa kwa gatwe kungana gute?

Uri mu kaga cyane mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa no mu minsi mike ya mbere yo kuvurwa n’imiti igabanya udukoko. Abantu benshi ntibagikwirakwiza mu masaha 24-48 umaze gutangira gufata imiti igabanya udukoko no gukoresha ishampoo ivura. Ariko kandi, ukwiye gukomeza kwirinda gusangira ibintu bya buri muntu kugeza igihe muganga yemeje ko iyi ndwara igiye gukira burundu.

Abakuze bashobora kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Yego, abakuze bashobora kurwara kuribwa kwa gatwe, nubwo ari kenshi mu bana. Indwara z’abakuze zikunze kuba mu bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke, abakorana n’amatungo, cyangwa abantu bahuye n’abana barwaye. Ibimenyetso n’ubuvuzi ni kimwe uko imyaka yaba iri kose, nubwo abakuze bashobora gukira bitinze.

Umusatsi wanjye uzakura ufite ibara n’uburyo bumwe?

Mu bihe byinshi, umusatsi wawe uzakura ufite ibara n’uburyo bumwe mbere y’iyi ndwara. Rimwe na rimwe, umusatsi mushya ushobora kugaragara utandukanye gato mu buryo cyangwa ibara, ariko ibi bisanzwe bikagenda uko igihe gihita. Indwara zikomeye ziterwa no gukomeretsa zishobora gutera impinduka zihoraho mu buryo umusatsi ukura muri iyo duce.

Nshobora gukoresha imiti yo kwisiga igabanya udukoko yo mu maduka yo kugura imiti kuribwa kwa gatwe?

Amavuta yo kwisiga n’ishampoo igabanya udukoko ntibikora nk’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze bwa kuribwa kwa gatwe kuko ntibishobora kwinjira mu mizi y’umusatsi aho ibinyampeke biba. Imiti yo mu kanwa igabanya udukoko ni ngombwa kugira ngo ukureho iyi ndwara burundu. Ariko kandi, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukoresha ishampoo ivura kugira ngo igabanye umubare w’ibinyampeke ku mutwe wawe.