Umuhogo wacitse? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Umuhogo wacitse ni ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima, aho umuhogo wawe ucika cyangwa ugasembura, bikaba byateza kuva imbere. Umuhogo wawe, uherereye mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda yawe munsi y'amagongo, ufasha gukura amaraso mu mubiri no kurwanya indwara.

Iyo umuhogo wawe ucika, amaraso ashobora kujya mu kibuno cy'inda, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuba bibi cyane utabonye ubuvuzi vuba. Abenshi bafite umuhogo wacitse baba babiterwa n'imvune ikomeye mu kibuno, nko mu mpanuka z'imodoka cyangwa imikino, nubwo hari igihe bibaho bitewe n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bisenya uyu mubiri.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'umuhogo wacitse?

Ibimenyetso by'umuhogo wacitse bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburemere bw'akaga n'amaraso menshi ava. Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso byihuse kandi bikomeye, abandi bagira ibimenyetso bito byiyongera buhoro buhoro mu masaha cyangwa iminsi.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Kubabara cyane mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda bishobora kugera ku bitugu by'ibumoso
• Kubabara iyo umuntu akuyeho uruhande rw'ibumoso cyangwa igice cyo hejuru cy'inda
• Kumva uhagaze, utameze neza, cyangwa ugiye kugwa, cyane cyane iyo uhagaze
• Gutera kw'umutima cyangwa kumva umutima wawe uhagaze
• Isesemi n'kuruka
• Kudatuza cyangwa guhangayika
• Uruhu rwera, cyane cyane ku minwa no ku misumari
• Gucika intekere cyangwa kugorana gutekereza

Kubabara mu bitugu by'ibumoso bibaho kuko amaraso ava mu muhogo wacitse ashobora kubabaza imiyoboro y'imbere mu gifu, ifitanye isano n'imijyana y'ibitugu. Ibi bita kubabara kure, kandi ni ikimenyetso cyiza cyerekana ko hari ikibazo gikomeye kiri imbere.

Bamwe bafite imvune nto bashobora kubona gusa kubabara gato mu kibuno. Ariko kandi, n'ibimenyetso bito ntibikwiye kwirengagizwa nyuma y'imvune ibonetse mu kibuno, kuko kuva imbere bishobora kwiyongera vuba.

Ni iki gatera umuhogo wacitse?

Abenshi bafite umuhogo wacitse babiterwa n'imvune ikomeye ikubise mu kibuno cyangwa mu gice cyo hasi cy'amabere. Ariko kandi, ibibazo bimwe by'ubuzima bishobora gutuma umuhogo wawe uba mu kaga ko gucika, kabone n'iyo wakubise gato.

Impamvu zisanzwe ziterwa n'imvune zirimo:

• Impanuka z'imodoka, cyane cyane iyo uruhande rw'ibumoso rugonga imodoka cyangwa urugi
• Imvune mu mikino yo guhuza n'abandi nko muri football, hockey, cyangwa imikino yo kurwana
• Impanuka z'amagare aho ugasanga ugiye ku muyoboro
• Kugwa uvuye hejuru cyane
• Gukubitwa cyangwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina
• Impanuka z'amamoto

Ibibazo bimwe by'ubuzima bishobora gutuma umuhogo wawe ukura cyangwa ugabanya imbaraga, bikawutera gucika, kabone n'iyo wakubise gato. Ibyo bibazo birimo indwara y'amaraso (mononucleosis), malariya, lymphoma, leukemia, n'izindi ndwara z'amaraso.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, umuhogo wawe ushobora gucika nta mvune igaragara. Ibi bibaho iyo indwara zirimo zimaze gukura cyangwa konona uyu mubiri, bikawutera kugira intege nke no gucika.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera umuhogo wacitse?

Ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi bwihuse ako kanya iyo wumva ubabara cyane mu kibuno, cyane cyane mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda, cyane cyane nyuma y'imvune cyangwa ikibazo. Umuhogo wacitse ni ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima gisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo bikomeye.

Hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye mu bitaro ako kanya iyo ufite:

• Kubabara cyane mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda cyangwa mu bitugu by'ibumoso
• Ibimenyetso byo gutakaza amaraso menshi nko guhagaze, gutera kw'umutima, cyangwa kumva ugiye kugwa
• Kubabara mu kibuno bikomeza kwiyongera aho kugabanuka
• Isesemi n'kuruka hamwe no kubabara mu kibuno
• Kubabara mu kibuno nyuma y'imvune iherutse, kabone n'iyo ububabare bugaragara buke

Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bigenda bigabanuka ubwabyo. Kuva imbere bitewe n'umuhogo wacitse bishobora kuba bitagaragara mbere ariko bikaba bibi cyane vuba. Kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza nyuma y'imvune mu kibuno, ni byiza kwisuzumisha kwa muganga.

Gira icyo wizeye. Iyo hari ikintu kimeze nabi nyuma y'imvune, bihora byiza gukora ibyo ukwiye gukora no gushaka ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira umuhogo wacitse?

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira umuhogo wacitse. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye no kumenya igihe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga cyane cyo kugira iyi mvune.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byongera ibyago birimo:

• Gukina imikino yo guhuza n'abandi nko muri football, rugby, hockey, cyangwa boxing
• Kugira umuhogo munini bitewe n'indwara nka mononucleosis
• Indwara z'amaraso nka leukemia cyangwa lymphoma zigira ingaruka ku bunini bw'umuhogo
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe nka malariya zishobora gutuma umuhogo wawe ukura
• Imvune cyangwa ibyo kubagwa mu kibuno byabayeho mbere
• Gukora ibikorwa by'akaga nko gutwara moto cyangwa imikino ikomeye

Abantu bakuze bakiri bato n'abangavu bafite ibyago byinshi kuko bashobora gukina imikino yo guhuza n'abandi n'ibikorwa bikomeye. Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite mononucleosis bafite ibyago byinshi kuko iyo ndwara ishobora gutuma umuhogo ukura cyane, bikawutera kugira intege nke.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyose gitera umuhogo wawe gukura, muganga wawe azakugira inama yo kwirinda imikino yo guhuza n'abandi n'ibikorwa bifite ibyago byinshi byo gukomereka kugeza umuhogo wawe usubiye ku bunini busanzwe.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora kubaho bitewe n'umuhogo wacitse?

Umuhogo wacitse ushobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye, amaraso menshi ava imbere akaba ari ikibazo cyihuse kandi gikomeye. Ubukana bw'ibibazo bikunze kugaragara bitewe n'uburyo ubonye ubuvuzi vuba.

Ibibazo bikomeye birimo:

• Kuva amaraso menshi imbere bishobora gutera gutakaza amaraso menshi no kunanirwa kw'imirimo y'umubiri
• Amaraso akabura mu mitsi yangiritse
• Kwandura mu kibuno cy'inda iyo udukoko twinjiye mu kibazo
• Kwangirizwa kw'imirimo y'umubiri iri hafi nko mu mwijima, mu gifu, cyangwa mu mara
• Ibyago byiyongereye igihe kirekire byo kwandura indwara nyuma yo gukuraho umuhogo

Gutakaza amaraso menshi ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane. Ibi bibaho iyo utakaza amaraso menshi ku buryo umutima wawe udashobora gukora neza, bikagabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso cyane bikabuza imirimo y'umubiri oxygen.

Niba umuhogo wawe ugomba gukurwaho, uzaba ufite ibyago byiyongereye gato byo kwandura indwara ziterwa na bacteria mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ariko kandi, hamwe n'inkingo zikwiye n'ubuvuzi bw'ubwirinzi, abantu benshi babaho ubuzima busanzwe batagira umuhogo.

Umuhogo wacitse upimwa ute?

Kumenya umuhogo wacitse bisanzwe bikubiyemo isuzuma ry'umubiri, amateka y'ubuzima, n'ibizamini byo kubona ishusho. Muganga wawe azashaka gukora vuba kugira ngo yemeze uburwayi kandi amenye ubukana bwo kuva amaraso imbere.

Muganga wawe azabanza gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe no gusuzuma inda yawe kugira ngo arebe niba hari kubabara, kubyimbagira, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso imbere. Azareba ibimenyetso byawe by'ingenzi kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibimenyetso byo gutakaza amaraso, nko kugabanyuka kw'umuvuduko w'amaraso cyangwa gutera kw'umutima.

Ibizamini bisanzwe byo gupima birimo:

• CT scan y'inda, ishobora kwerekana neza akaga k'umuhogo n'amaraso ava imbere
• Ultrasound kugira ngo ibone vuba amazi (amaraso) mu kibuno cy'inda
• Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba hari ubuke bw'amaraso kandi asuzume ubuzima bwawe muri rusange
• X-ray y'amabere kugira ngo akureho izindi mvune

CT scan ni yo nzira isanzwe yo gupima umuhogo wacitse kuko itanga amashusho arambuye y'imirimo y'umubiri kandi ishobora kwerekana aho amaraso ava. Mu bihe by'ubukene, ultrasound ishobora gukoreshwa mbere kuko ihuta kandi ishobora kubona vuba amaraso ava imbere.

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizaba kandi ritekereza ku mateka yawe y'imvune cyangwa ikibazo, kuko ayo makuru abafasha gusobanukirwa impamvu n'uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe.

Ubuvuzi bw'umuhogo wacitse ni bwoki?

Ubuvuzi bw'umuhogo wacitse biterwa n'uburemere bw'imvune n'amaraso menshi ava imbere. Intego nyamukuru ni uguhagarika amaraso, gutuma ubuzima bwawe bugira umutekano, no kubungabunga imirimo y'umuhogo uko bishoboka kose.

Ku mvune nto zifite amaraso make, muganga wawe ashobora kugira inama yo gukurikirana hafi mu bitaro nta kubagwa. Ubu buryo, bita kubungabunga, butuma umuhogo wawe ukora neza mu gihe abaganga bakurikirana ibimenyetso byo kwiyongera kw'amaraso.

Uburyo bwo kubaga burimo:

• Kubaga umuhogo kugira ngo bahume imvune kandi babungabunge uyu mubiri
• Gukuraho igice cy'umuhogo niba igice kimwe cyangiritse cyane
• Gukuraho umuhogo wose (splenectomy) ku mvune zikomeye zifite amaraso menshi ashobora kwica
• Uburyo buto bwo gufunga imiyoboro y'amaraso

Kubaga byihuse biba ngombwa iyo ufite amaraso menshi ashobora kwica. Muri ibyo bihe, ababagisha bakora vuba kugira ngo bahagarike amaraso kandi bashobora gukuraho umuhogo wawe wose kugira ngo bakurokore.

Niba kubaga bitakenewe ako kanya, uzaba ugomba kuba mu bitaro iminsi myinshi kugira ngo bakukurikirane. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizaba rikurikirana umuvuduko w'amaraso, gutera kw'umutima, n'umubare w'amaraso kugira ngo bemeze ko amaraso yahagaze kandi ubuzima bwawe buguma bugira umutekano.

Uko wakwitaho mu gihe cyo gukira

Gukira umuhogo wacitse bisaba kwihangana no kwitaho neza uburyo umubiri wawe ukora. Uko waba wabagiwe cyangwa uri gukira utabagiwe, gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga ni ingenzi kugira ngo ukire neza.

Mu gihe cyo gukira, ugomba kwirinda ibikorwa byose bishobora gutera izindi mvune mu kibuno. Ibi bivuze kudatwara ibiremereye, imikino yo guhuza n'abandi, cyangwa imyitozo ikomeye kugeza muganga aguhaye uburenganzira.

Amabwiriza y'ingenzi yo gukira arimo:

• Kunywa imiti yo kugabanya ububabare nk'uko byategetswe
• Kuryama bihagije no kwirinda ibikorwa bikomeye
• Kurya indyo nzima kugira ngo ufashe gukira
• Kwitabira gahunda zose zo gukurikirana
• Kureba ibimenyetso by'ibibazo nko kwiyongera kw'ububabare cyangwa umuriro

Niba umuhogo wawe wakuweho, uzakenera inkingo zidasanzwe kugira ngo wirinde indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa na bacteria. Muganga wawe azabiganiraho nawe kandi ashobora kugira inama yo gukoresha antibiotique mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nko mbere y'ibikorwa by'amenyo.

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukana bitewe n'uburemere bw'imvune n'uburyo bw'ubuvuzi. Bamwe bumva bameze neza mu byumweru bike, abandi bashobora gukenera amezi menshi kugira ngo bakire neza. Tega amatwi umubiri wawe kandi ntukihute gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe vuba.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza umuhogo wacitse, ibi bishobora kuba ikibazo cyihuse gisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse aho kuba gahunda y'isura. Ariko kandi, gusobanukirwa amakuru azaba afite akamaro bishobora gutuma uruzinduko rwawe mu bitaro rugenda neza.

Iyo ugeze mu bitaro, tegura gutanga amakuru yerekeye imvune cyangwa ibibazo byabayeho vuba, kabone n'iyo byagaragaye bito icyo gihe. Aya makuru afasha abaganga gusobanukirwa icyaba cyarateye ibimenyetso byawe.

Amakuru y'ingenzi yo gusangiza arimo:

• Igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse
• Imvune, kugwa, cyangwa impanuka iherutse
• Amateka yawe y'ubuzima, cyane cyane indwara z'amaraso cyangwa izindi ndwara
• Imiti ukoresha ubu n'ibintu ufite allergy
• Ibyo kubagwa mu kibuno byabayeho mbere cyangwa ibibazo by'umuhogo

Zana urutonde rw'imiti ukoresha ubu cyangwa icupa ry'imiti nyirizina niba bishoboka. Niba ufite ibibazo by'ubuzima bigira ingaruka ku muhogo wawe cyangwa amaraso, menya ko ubivuga ako kanya.

Kugira inshuti cyangwa umuryango ukwizera uri kumwe bishobora kugufasha, kuko bashobora gutanga amakuru y'inyongera yerekeye imvune yawe cyangwa ibimenyetso niba wumva utameze neza cyangwa udasobanukiwe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane ku muhogo wacitse

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ku muhogo wacitse ni uko ari ikibazo cy'ubuzima gisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse. Kumenya vuba ibimenyetso no kubona ubuvuzi bwihuse bishobora gukiza ubuzima kandi bikunze gutera ibyiza.

Nubwo umuhogo wacitse wumvikana nk'ikintu giteye ubwoba, abantu benshi babona ubuvuzi vuba barakira neza. Kabone n'iyo umuhogo wawe ugomba gukurwaho, ushobora kubaho ubuzima buhamye, buzira, hamwe n'ubuvuzi bwiza n'ingamba.

Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukudapfobya kubabara mu kibuno nyuma y'imvune iyo ari yo yose, uko iyo mvune yaba yagaragaye ari nto. Izeye ibyo wumva kandi ushake ubuvuzi bwihuse niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu kibuno, cyane cyane mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda cyangwa mu bitugu by'ibumoso.

Kwiringira bihora byiza kuruta kuvurwa. Niba ukina imikino yo guhuza n'abandi cyangwa ibikorwa by'akaga, bambara ibikoresho bikwiranye byo kwirinda kandi ukore ibintu byose byo kwirinda. Niba ufite ibibazo byongera umuhogo wawe, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo usobanukirwe ibyo udashobora gukora kandi ufate ingamba zikwiye.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho ku muhogo wacitse

Urashobora kubaho udafite umuhogo?

Yego, ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe udafite umuhogo. Nubwo umuhogo wawe ufasha kurwanya indwara no gukura amaraso, izindi mirimo y'umubiri ishobora gufata imirimo myinshi. Ariko kandi, uzaba ufite ibyago byiyongereye gato byo kwandura indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa na bacteria, bityo uzakenera inkingo zidasanzwe kandi ushobora gukenera antibiotique mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Abantu benshi bakuraho umuhogo babaho ubuzima buzira, buhamye hamwe n'izo ngamba.

Birama igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuhogo wacitse ukire?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukana cyane bitewe n'uburemere bw'imvune n'uburyo bw'ubuvuzi. Imvune nto zikira zitabagiwe zishobora gufata ibyumweru 4-6, mu gihe gukira kubaga gukuraho umuhogo bisanzwe bifata ibyumweru 6-8 ku bikorwa by'ibanze na amezi 3-4 kugira ngo ukire neza. Muganga wawe azatanga igihe cyo gukira gishingiye ku mimerere yawe bwite kandi akurikirane aho ugeze ukoresheje gahunda zo gukurikirana.

Umuhogo wacitse ushobora gukira wenyine?

Imvune nto mu muhogo zimwe na zimwe zishobora gukira ubwazo hakurikiwe hafi mu bitaro. Ubu buryo bwiza bukorana neza iyo amaraso make kandi ibimenyetso byawe by'ingenzi bikomeza kuba byiza. Ariko kandi, imvune nini cyangwa amaraso menshi bisaba kubagwa. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizaba rikurikirana buri gihe niba umuhogo wawe ukora neza cyangwa niba kubaga bibaye ngombwa.

Kubabara kw'umuhogo kumva gute?

Kubabara kw'umuhogo bitewe no gucika bisanzwe biba nk'ububabare bukomeye, bukabije mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda, hepfo gato y'amagongo. Abantu benshi babivuga nk'ububabare bwo gucika cyangwa gusembura bishobora kugera ku bitugu by'ibumoso cyangwa inyuma. Ubwo bubabare bukunze kwiyongera iyo ufata umwuka mwinshi, ugiye gukorora, cyangwa ugenda. Bamwe bagira kandi ikimwaro cyangwa igitutu mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda.

Umuhogo wacitse uhora uterwa n'imvune?

Nubwo abenshi bafite umuhogo wacitse babiterwa n'imvune nko mu mpanuka z'imodoka cyangwa imikino, zimwe zishobora kubaho ubwazo cyangwa bitewe n'imvune nto iyo umuhogo munini cyangwa urwaye. Ibibazo nka mononucleosis, malariya, leukemia, cyangwa lymphoma bishobora gutuma umuhogo ukura bikawutera kugira intege nke. Mu bihe bitoroshye, umuhogo munini ushobora gucika bitewe n'ikintu cyoroshye nko gukorora cyangwa gukandagira, nubwo ibi bidahabaye kenshi.