Sarcoidose

Sarcoidose ni indwara irangwa no gukura kw’imikurire mito y’uturemangingo tw’uburwayi (granulome) mu gice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’umubiri wawe — cyane cyane mu mpyiko no mu mitsi y’amaraso. Ariko kandi ishobora no kwibasira amaso, uruhu, umutima n’izindi nzego.

Intandaro ya sarcoidose ntirazwi, ariko impuguke zibona ko iterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri busubiza ikintu kitazwi. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko ibyorezo, ibintu by’ikimicro, umukungugu n’isubiramo ritari ryo ry’uturemangingo tw’umubiri (uturemangingo tw’umubiri) bishobora kuba ari byo bituma habaho granulome mu bantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kurwara.

Nta muti uwo ari wo wose uravura sarcoidose, ariko abantu benshi barakira neza batavuwe cyangwa bavuwe gake. Mu mubare w’ibintu bimwe na bimwe, sarcoidose irakira yonyine. Ariko kandi, sarcoidose ishobora kumara imyaka myinshi kandi ikaba yatera uburwayi bw’ingingo.

Ibimenyetso n'ibibazo bya sarcoidose bihinduka bitewe n'imigabane y'umubiri ikozweho. Sarcoidose rimwe na rimwe itera gahoro gahoro kandi ikagira ibimenyetso bikomeza imyaka myinshi. Ibindi bihe, ibimenyetso bigaragara mu buryo butunguranye hanyuma bikagenda vuba cyane. Abantu benshi barwaye sarcoidose nta bimenyetso bagira, bityo iyi ndwara ishobora kuvumburwa gusa iyo ama rayons X y'ibituza yakozwe kubindi mpamvu.

Sarcoidose ishobora gutangira ibimenyetso n'ibibazo nkibi:

• Umunaniro
• Umuhogo w'ibyago
• Kugabanuka k'uburemere
• Kubabara no kubyimba mu ngingo, nko mu birenge

Sarcoidose ikunda kwibasira ibihaha kandi ishobora gutera ibibazo by'ibihaha, nka:

• Inkondo yumye idashira
• Guhumeka nabi
• Guhumeka bikomeye
• Kubabara mu gituza

Sarcoidose ishobora gutera ibibazo by'uruhu, bishobora kuba:

• Urusoro rw'ibibyimba bitukura cyangwa bitukura-umutuku, bikunze kuba ku mavi cyangwa ku birenge, bishobora kuba bishyushye kandi bikababara iyo bikozweho
• Ibikomere byangiza isura (ibikomere) ku mazuru, ku matama no ku matwi
• Ibice by'uruhu birimo ibara ryijimye cyangwa rihumeka
• Udukoko munsi y'uruhu (nodules), cyane cyane hafi y'ibikomere cyangwa tatouage

Sarcoidose ishobora kugira ingaruka ku maso idatera ibimenyetso, bityo ni ngombwa ko ugenzura amaso yawe buri gihe. Iyo ibimenyetso n'ibibazo by'amaso bigaragaye, bishobora kuba:

• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza
• Kubabara amaso
• Gutwika, gukorora cyangwa amaso yumye
• Uburakari bukabije
• Kugira ubwoba bw'umucyo

Ibimenyetso n'ibibazo bifitanye isano na sarcoidose y'umutima bishobora kuba:

• Kubabara mu gituza
• Guhumeka nabi (dyspnea)
• Kugwa (syncope)
• Umunaniro
• Gukubita kw'umutima kutameze neza (arrhythmias)
• Gukubita kw'umutima cyane cyangwa guhindagurika (palpitations)
• Kubyimba biterwa n'amazi y'umubiri (edema)

Sarcoidose ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku guhindura calcium, sisitemu y'imiterere, umwijima n'uruhago, imikaya, amagufwa n'ingingo, impyiko, ibyago, cyangwa undi mubiri uwo ari wo wose.

Jya kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bya Sarcoidose. — Jim, umurwayi, Sarcoidose Jim, umurwayi: Twahawe abuzukuru babiri beza nyuma gato yo kujya mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru. Ni abana bato babiri b'umwihariko kandi byatuma ubuzima bwiza. Ntabwo nagize ikimenyetso cy'uburwayi kugeza ku munsi wa mbere w'igitero cy'umutima. Nari mfite ikibazo cy'ubuzima ku kigero cya 100%. Diana, umugore: Bashyizeho ibintu 2 cyangwa 3 byo gufungura imiyoboro y'amaraso —abaganga bakaba aribo babikoze— hanyuma mu mezi make, Jim yakomeza kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibyo. Jim: Nari nsinziye mu bitaro kandi kuri iyi nshuro, byari ubutabire bw'umutima. Diana: Oh my gosh, ubwo yafunguraga Jim, yavuze ko yabonye ikintu uyu munsi atari yarigeze abona kuri umuntu uwo ari we wese. Jim: Byamenyekanye icyo gihe ko narwaye Sarcoidose. Diana: Ubuvuzi, abaganga, ubufatanye bw'ikipe byari bitangaje. Leslie Cooper, M.D.: Twafashe imiti imaze igihe ikoreshwa mu bundi buryo, tuyikoresha bwa mbere mu ndwara y'umutima iterwa na Sarcoidose. Diana: Byari igerageza, ariko byatumye Sarcoid igaruka, kandi byatumye Jim agaruka mu buzima. Byagaragaye ko ari ibyago byiza cyane.

Abaganga ntibaziranye neza icyateye sarcoidose. Bamwe muri aba bantu bisa nkaho bafite ubushobozi bwo kuvukana indwara, ishobora guterwa na bagiteri, virusi, umukungugu cyangwa ibintu by’imiti. Ibi bituma imiyoboro y'umubiri ikora cyane, maze uturemangingo tw'umubiri dutangira guterana mu buryo bw'uburibwe bwitwa granulomas. Uko granulomas yiyongera mu mubiri, imikorere y'uwo mubiri ishobora kugira ingaruka.

Nubwo uwo ari we wese ashobora kurwara sarcoidose, ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byawe birimo:

• Imyaka n'igitsina. Sarcoidose ishobora kugaragara mu myaka yose, ariko ikunda kugaragara hagati y'imyaka 20 na 60. Abagore bafite ibyago byinshi gato byo kurwara iyi ndwara.
• Ubwoko. Abantu b'Abanyafurika n'abakomoka mu Burayi bw'Amajyaruguru bafite umubare munini w'abarwaye sarcoidose. Abanyamerika b'Abirabura bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n'indi miryango y'ingingo hamwe na za pulmoni.
• Amateka y'umuryango. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe warwaye sarcoidose, ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara iyi ndwara.

Rimwe na rimwe, sarcoidose itera ibibazo by'igihe kirekire.

• Ibihaha. Sarcoidose y'ibihaha itabonye ubuvuzi ishobora gutera inenge ihoraho mu bihaha byawe (pulmonary fibrosis), bigatuma uhumeka nabi, rimwe na rimwe bikaba byatera hypertension y'ibihaha.
• Amaso. Kubyimba bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri buri gice cy'ijisho ryawe kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo ku mboni y'ijisho, ibyo bigatuma ubuhumbu. Gake cyane, sarcoidose ishobora gutera cataracte na glaucoma.
• Impyiko. Sarcoidose ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha calcium, ibyo bigatuma haba amabuye mu mpyiko kandi bigatuma impyiko zitakara ubushobozi bwo gukora. Gake cyane, ibi bishobora gutera gucika intege kw'impyiko.
• Umutima. Sarcoidose y'umutima itera granulomas mu mutima wawe bishobora guhungabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, imiterere y'amaraso n'imikorere isanzwe y'umutima. Mu bihe bitoroshye, ibi bishobora gutera urupfu.
• Sisitemu y'imiterere y'umubiri. Umubare muto w'abantu barwaye sarcoidose bagira ibibazo bijyanye na sisitemu y'imiterere y'umubiri iyo granulomas iba mu bwonko no mu mugongo. Kubyimba mu mitsi yo mu maso, urugero, bishobora gutera ubuhumbu bw'amabara.

Sarcoidose irashobora kuba igoranye kuyivura kuko iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragaza ibimenyetso bike cyangwa nta bimenyetso na bimwe mu ntangiriro zayo. Iyo ibimenyetso byabonetse, bishobora gusa n'iby'izindi ndwara.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutangira akubajije ibibazo, akakureba, akanakubwira ibibazo ufite. Azakwitega amatwi neza, akareba umutima wawe n'imyuka, akareba ingingo za lymph nodes niba zifunitse, akanareba ibyo bibyimba ku ruhu.

Ibizamini byo kuvura bishobora gufasha gukuraho izindi ndwara no kumenya uko iyi ndwara ya sarcoidose igira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora ibizamini nkibi:

• Ibizamini by'amaraso n'impiswi kugira ngo barebe uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'uko impyiko na figo byawe bikora
• X-ray y'amabere kugira ngo barebe imyuka n'umutima
• CT scan y'amabere kugira ngo barebe imyuka
• Ibizamini byo gupima uko imyuka ikora kugira ngo bapime uko imyuka yuzuye n'uko imyuka itanga ogisijeni mu maraso yawe
• Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG) kugira ngo barebe ibibazo by'umutima kandi bakurikirane uko umutima ukora
• Kusuzuma amaso kugira ngo barebe ibibazo by'ubuhumyi bishobora guterwa na sarcoidose
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan cyangwa magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) niba sarcoidose isa n'igira ingaruka ku mutima wawe cyangwa ku mutwe

Hari ibindi bizamini bishobora kongerwaho, nibiba ngombwa.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gusaba ko hafatwa agace gato k'umubiri (biopsy) mu gice cy'umubiri wawe bakeka ko cyagizweho ingaruka na sarcoidose kugira ngo barebe granulomas zikunze kuboneka muri iyi ndwara. Urugero, biopsy ishobora gufatwa ku ruhu rwawe niba ufite ibibyimba ku ruhu kandi mu myuka no mu ngingo za lymph nodes nibiba ngombwa.

Sarcoidose nta muti wayivura, ariko mu byinshi, irakira yonyine. Ushobora kutakeneye kuvurwa niba udafite ibimenyetso cyangwa ufite ibimenyetso bike by'iyi ndwara. Uburemere n'uburyo iyi ndwara yagutse bizagaragaza niba ukeneye kuvurwa ndetse n'ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi ukeneye. Imiti Niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeye cyangwa imikorere y'umubiri igeze mu kaga, ushobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti. Iyo miti ishobora kuba irimo: Corticosteroids. Aya miti ikomeye yo kurwanya kubyimba ni yo isanzwe ikoreshwa mbere mu kuvura sarcoidose. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, corticosteroids ishobora gushyirwa ku gice cyangiritse - hakoreshejwe cream ku gisebe cy'uruhu cyangwa amavuta mu maso. Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Imiti nka methotrexate (Trexall) na azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran) igabanya kubyimba binyuze mu kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Hydroxychloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) ishobora gufasha ku gisebe cy'uruhu no ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'umunyu mu maraso. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors. Aya miti akoreshwa cyane mu kuvura kubyimba bijyana na rhumatoide arthritis. Ishobora kandi gufasha mu kuvura sarcoidose itaravuwe n'andi mavuriro. Indi miti ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura ibimenyetso byihariye cyangwa ingaruka. Ubundi buryo bw'ubuvuzi Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe cyangwa ingaruka, ubundi buryo bw'ubuvuzi bushobora kugusabwa. Urugero, ushobora gukora siporo kugira ngo ugabanye umunaniro kandi wongere imbaraga z'imikaya, kuvugurura ubusembwa bw'ubuhumekero kugira ngo ugabanye ibimenyetso byo guhumeka, cyangwa gushyirwaho pacemaker cyangwa defibrillator ku mutima kubera guhindagurika kw'umutima. Gukurikirana uko biri buri gihe Uko usura muganga wawe kenshi bishobora guhinduka bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ubuvuzi. Kubona muganga wawe buri gihe ni ingenzi - nubwo utakeneye kuvurwa. Muganga wawe azakurikirana ibimenyetso byawe, azamenye uko ubuvuzi bugenda, kandi azarebe ingaruka. Gukurikirana bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini bisanzwe bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe. Urugero, ushobora gukora X-rays y'ibituza buri gihe, ibizamini by'amaraso n'imisarane, EKGs, ndetse no gusuzuma ibihaha, amaso, uruhu n'undi mubiri uwo ari wo wose wakozweho. Kwitaho nyuma bishobora kumara ubuzima bwose. Kugira ibyago Kubaga gusimbuza imyanya y'umubiri bishobora kugenzurwa niba sarcoidose yangije cyane ibihaha, umutima cyangwa umwijima. Amakuru y'inyongera Kubaga gusimbuza umwijima Kubaga gusimbuza ibihaha Gusaba gupimwa

Nubwo sarcoidose ishobora gukira yonyine, ubuzima bwabantu bamwe buhora buhindurwa n'indwara. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo guhangana nayo, tekereza kuvugana n'umujyanama. Kwitabira itsinda rishinzwe gufasha abarwaye sarcoidose na byo bishobora kugufasha.