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Sarcoma ni ubwoko bwa kanseri itera mu mubiri mu mitsi yumucyo cyangwa mu gufata. Bitandukanye na kanseri zisanzwe zitangira mu ngingo nka za amabere cyangwa mu mwijima, sarcomas ikura mu mitsi ihuza ibice bitandukanye byumubiri wawe.
Iyi kanseri ishobora kugaragara hafi ya hose mumubiri wawe, kuva ku mitsi yawe n'amavuta kugeza ku mitsi yamaraso n'imitsi. Nubwo sarcomas ari nke ugereranije n'izindi kanseri, kuyumva bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ikintu gikenewe kuvurwa.
Sarcoma mu by'ukuri ni itsinda ry'ubwoko burenze 70 bwa kanseri zisangira ikintu kimwe cy'ingenzi. Zose zitangira mu cyo abaganga bita umwitsi wa mesenchymal, ari cyo gishushanyo mbonera cy'umubiri wawe.
Tekereza ku mubiri wawe nk'inzu. Mu gihe izindi kanseri zishobora gutangira mu “byumba” (ingingo), sarcomas itangira mu “bikoresho byubaka” nka gishushanyo mbonera, ubushyuhe, cyangwa insinga. Ibi birimo imitsi yawe, imitsi, amavuta, imitsi yamaraso, imitsi ya lymph, imitsi, n'amagufwa.
Sarcomas zigize hafi 1% bya kanseri zose z'abantu bakuru na hafi 15% bya kanseri z'abana. Nubwo ari nke, zisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye kuko zitwara bitandukanye n'izindi kanseri.
Abaganga bagabanya sarcomas mu byiciro bibiri by'ingenzi hashingiwe aho itera. Ubu bwoko bufasha mu gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura buri muntu.
Sarcomas yumucyo ikura mu mitsi yumucyo, iha umubiri inkunga. Ibi birimo imitsi yawe, amavuta, imitsi yamaraso, imitsi, imitsi, n'urugero rw'ingingo zawe. Ubwoko busanzwe burimo liposarcoma (mu mitsi y'amavuta), leiomyosarcoma (mu mitsi yoroheje), na synovial sarcoma (hafi y'ingingo).
Sarcomas y'amagufwa itera mu mitsi ikomeye y'umwanya w'amagufwa. Ubwoko busanzwe burimo osteosarcoma (ikunze gufata abangavu), Ewing sarcoma (kandi ikunze kugaragara mu rubyiruko), na chondrosarcoma (ikunze kuba mu bakuru kandi ikura mu mpinga).
Buri bwoko bufite imico yabwo, ahantu hakunda kuba, n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izamenya ubwoko bwabugenewe binyuze mu bipimo, bigatuma uhabwa gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikujyanye.
Ibimenyetso bya Sarcoma bishobora kuba bito mu ntangiro, ariyo mpamvu abantu benshi batamenya ko bakeneye ubuvuzi vuba. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bitewe n'aho igihombo kiri gukura n'ingano yacyo.
Ku mitsi yumucyo ya sarcomas, ushobora kubona:
Sarcomas y'amagufwa ikunze gutera ibimenyetso bitandukanye:
Byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite izindi mpamvu zidakomeye. Igishishwa gishobora kuba ikintu kidakomeye, kandi kubabara kw'amagufwa bishobora kuba kubera imvune cyangwa arthrite. Ariko, igishishwa cyose kidashira cyangwa gikura, cyane cyane kirenze umupira wa golf, gikwiye gusuzuma umuganga.
Impamvu nyamukuru ya sarcomas nyinshi iracyari itazwi, ibyo bishobora gutera uburakari mugihe ushaka ibisobanuro. Mu bihe byinshi, sarcomas itera kubera impinduka z'impeshyi z'impeshyi zibaho mugihe uturemangingo dukura kandi tukura mu buzima bwawe.
Ariko, abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago:
Uburwayi bwa gene bigira uruhare mubihe bimwe na bimwe. Ibihe bimwe by'indwara nka Li-Fraumeni syndrome, neurofibromatosis, cyangwa retinoblastoma bishobora kongera ibyago bya sarcoma. Izi ndwara zibaho kuva ku ivuka kandi zigira ingaruka ku buryo uturemangingo dukura kandi tukagabana.
Ubuvuzi bwa mbere bwo kurasa kubundi bwoko bwa kanseri rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera sarcoma nyuma yimyaka myinshi. Ibi bibaho ku kigero gito cy'abantu bahawe ubuvuzi bwo kurasa, ubusanzwe imyaka 10-20 nyuma yubuvuzi.
Kumenya imiti imiti imwe na imwe ihujwe no gutera sarcoma. Ibi birimo kumenya vinyl chloride, arsenic, cyangwa imiti imwe nka Agent Orange.
Kubyimbagira igihe kirekire mu kuboko cyangwa mu kuguru, bikunze kwitwa lymphedema, rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ubwoko bwa sarcoma bwitwa angiosarcoma. Ibi bikunze kuba mubagore babonye ubuvuzi bwa kanseri yamabere.
Mu bihe bike, virusi zimwe na zimwe nka Epstein-Barr virus cyangwa human herpesvirus 8 bihujwe nubwoko bwabugenewe bwa sarcoma, cyane cyane mubantu bafite ubudahangarwa buke.
Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzatera sarcoma. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona iyi ndwara, kandi abantu benshi bafite sarcoma nta byago bizwi na gato.
Wagomba kuvugana numuganga wawe niba ubona igishishwa cyangwa ikintu gishya, gikura, cyangwa kirenze umupira wa golf. Nubwo ibishishwa byinshi bigaragara ko bidakomeye, bihora ari byiza kubisuzuma numuganga.
Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite:
Ntukabe umwanya wo guhangayikisha umuganga wawe kubibazo. Bahuguwe mu kumenya itandukaniro hagati yibimenyetso bishishikaje nibintu bisanzwe. Gusuzumwa hakiri kare bishobora gutanga amahoro yo mu mutima kandi, niba ari ngombwa, bigatuma ubuvuzi butangira hakiri kare.
Kumenya ibyago bishobora kugufasha wowe numuganga wawe guhora maso kubibazo bishoboka. Ariko, kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzatera sarcoma, kandi abantu benshi badafite ibyago na gato barayiterwa.
Ibyago by'ingenzi birimo:
Imyaka igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku byago kubwoko butandukanye. Sarcomas yumucyo ishobora kubaho mubihe byose ariko ikunze kuba mubantu barengeje 50. Sarcomas y'amagufwa nka osteosarcoma na Ewing sarcoma ikunze kuba mubana n'urubyiruko.
Uburwayi bwa gene bw'indwara byongera ibyago cyane. Li-Fraumeni syndrome, iterwa nimpinduka muri gene ya TP53, yongera cyane ibyago bya kanseri nyinshi harimo na sarcoma. Neurofibromatosis type 1 ishobora gutera sarcomas zifitanye isano nimitsi.
Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri bwakozwe mbere bishobora gutera ibyago igihe kirekire. Abantu bahawe ubuvuzi bwo kurasa bafite ibyago bike byo kwibasirwa na sarcoma mu gace kavuwe, ubusanzwe nyuma yimyaka myinshi.
Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bushobora kugira uruhare mubyago. Lymphedema idashira, indwara ya Paget y'amagufwa, cyangwa kugira ubudahangarwa buke bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwibasirwa nubwoko bwabugenewe bwa sarcoma.
Kumenya ibidukikije n'akazi k'imiti nka vinyl chloride, arsenic, cyangwa imiti imwe na imwe bihujwe no kongera ibyago bya sarcoma, nubwo ibi bigize igice gito cy'ibibazo.
Abantu benshi bafite sarcoma nta byago byamenyekanye, ibyo bituma twibuka ko izi kanseri zikunze gutera kubera impinduka z'impeshyi z'impeshyi zishobora kubaho kuri umuntu wese.
Nka kanseri zindi, sarcomas ishobora gutera ibibazo byombi bituruka kuri iyo ndwara ubwayo no kubuvuzi. Kumenya ibyo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha gukorana nitsinda ryawe ry'abaganga kugira ngo ubikumire cyangwa ubigenzure neza.
Ibibazo bituruka ku gihombo ubwayo bishobora kuba:
Ibibazo bifitanye isano nubuvuzi bishobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo bukoreshwa:
Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakuganira kuri ibyo byago kandi ikore kugira ngo igabanye ibibazo mugihe yongera ingaruka zubuvuzi. Ibibazo byinshi bishobora gukumirwa cyangwa bigacungwa neza hamwe nubuvuzi bukwiye no kugenzura.
Kumenya sarcoma bisaba intambwe nyinshi kugira ngo hemezwe ko hari kanseri kandi hamenyekane ubwoko bwayo. Umuganga wawe azatangira asuzumye neza hanyuma agategeka ibizamini bikenewe.
Uburyo bwo gusuzuma busanzwe butangira hakoreshejwe isuzuma ry'umubiri aho umuganga wawe azaba yumva igishishwa cyangwa agace kirebwa. Bazakubaza ibibazo byawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'amateka y'umuryango wawe wa kanseri.
Ibizamini byo kubona amashusho bifasha kubona igihombo n'imibanire yacyo nimitsi iikikije. Umuganga wawe ashobora gutegeka X-ray, CT scan, MRI, cyangwa PET scan. MRI ifitiye akamaro cyane sarcomas yumucyo kuko igaragaza amashusho arambuye yimitsi, amavuta, nimitsi yumucyo.
Biopsy ni ikizamini cya nyuma cyo kumenya sarcoma. Muri ubu buryo, igice gito cy'umutsi gikurwaho kandi kirebwa munsi ya microscope. Ibi bishobora gukorwa n'urumuri (needle biopsy) cyangwa binyuze mu gukata gato (surgical biopsy).
Ibizamini bya laboratoire ku gice cy'umutsi gikurwaho bifasha kumenya ubwoko bwabugenewe bwa sarcoma. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo ibara ryihariye, ibizamini bya gene, cyangwa isuzuma ry'imiti bigatuma hafatwa ibyemezo byubuvuzi.
Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba bikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri yarakwirakwiye. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo X-rays y'amabere, CT scans y'amabere n'inda, cyangwa bone scans.
Uburyo bwose bwo gusuzuma bushobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi, ibyo bishobora gutera ubwoba. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakumenyesha buri ntambwe n'icyo ibyavuye bisobanura kubuvuzi bwawe.
Ubuvuzi bwa Sarcoma bugengwa cyane hashingiwe kubwoko, aho buri, ubunini, n'icyiciro cya kanseri yawe. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izategura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikujyanye ishobora kuba irimo uburyo bumwe cyangwa birenga.
Ubuvuzi ni ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bwa sarcomas nyinshi. Intego ni ukukuraho igihombo cyose hamwe numutsi muzima uri hafi yacyo. Kubera sarcomas y'amaboko n'amaguru, abaganga bakora cyane kugira ngo babungabunge imikorere mugihe bemeza ko kanseri yakuweho burundu.
Ubuvuzi bwo kurasa bukoresha imirasire ikomeye yo kurimbura uturemangingo twa kanseri. Bishobora gutangwa mbere yubuvuzi kugira ngo bigabanye igihombo, nyuma yubuvuzi kugira ngo bikureho uturemangingo twa kanseri dushigaje, cyangwa nk'ubuvuzi nyamukuru mugihe ubuvuzi budashoboka.
Chemotherapy irimo imiti itembera mu maraso yawe kugira ngo irwanye uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ikunda gukoreshwa kubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa sarcomas, cyane cyane mubana n'urubyiruko, cyangwa mugihe kanseri yarakwirakwiye.
Ubuvuzi bugamije ni uburyo bushya bugaba ku bintu byihariye by'uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ubu buvuzi buhari kubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa sarcomas kandi bushobora gutera ingaruka nke kuruta chemotherapy isanzwe.
Kubera sarcomas y'amagufwa, ubuvuzi bukunze kuba harimo guhuza chemotherapy n'ubuvuzi. Chemotherapy ikunze gutangwa mbere na nyuma yubuvuzi kugira ngo ibyavuye byiza.
Gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi izaganirwaho byimbitse nitsinda ryawe ry'abaganga, rishobora kuba ririmo abaganga babaga kanseri, abaganga bavura kanseri, abaganga bavura kanseri binyuze mu kurasa, nabandi bahanga bakorana kugira ngo batange ubuvuzi burambuye.
Gucunga sarcoma murugo birimo gushyigikira umubiri wawe mugihe cyubuvuzi mugihe ubungabunga ubuzima bwawe. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izatanga ubuyobozi buhari, ariko hariho ingamba rusange zishobora gufasha abantu benshi.
Gucunga ububabare akenshi biba ari ingenzi. Fata imiti yo kugabanya ububabare nkuko byategetswe, kandi ntuzategereze ububabare buzaba bukomeye. Ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje, gukora imyitozo myoroheje, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kuruhuka bishobora kandi kugabanya ububabare.
Inkunga y'imirire ifasha umubiri wawe gukira no kugumana imbaraga. Funga ibiryo bike, byinshi niba ufite isesemi. Fata ibiryo bikungahaye kuri poroteyine, imbuto, na mboga. Komera amazi, kandi utekereze ku byuzuza imirire niba byategetswe nitsinda ryawe.
Ibikorwa nimyitozo bigomba guhuzwa nubushobozi bwawe nicyiciro cyubuvuzi. Kugenda buhoro, gukora imyitozo myoroheje, cyangwa physiotherapy bishobora gufasha kubungabunga imbaraga nimbaraga. Ruhukira mugihe ukeneye, ariko gerageza kuguma ufite ibikorwa byinshi uko bishoboka.
Kuvura ibikomere nyuma yubuvuzi bisaba gukurikiza amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe neza. Komera ako gace kimeze neza kandi kabyumye, urebe ibimenyetso byo kwandura, kandi witabire ibizamini byose byo gukurikirana.
Inkunga yo mu mutwe ni ingenzi cyane. Huza n'umuryango, inshuti, cyangwa amatsinda y'inkunga. Tekereza ku bijyanye no kugisha inama niba urimo guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba. Ibigo byinshi byo kuvura kanseri bitanga serivisi z'abakozi b'imibereho n'amatsiko y'inkunga.
Genzura ibimenyetso bishishikaje nka fiive, ububabare budasanzwe, kuva amaraso, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwandura. Komeza urutonde rwigihe cyo guhamagara umuganga wawe, kandi ntutinye kuvugana nawe niba ufite ibibazo cyangwa impungenge.
Kwitunganya mbere yo kubona umuganga bishobora kugufasha kubona igihe cyanyu hamwe kandi bikaba byiza ko ibibazo byawe byose byakemuwe. Gutegura neza kandi bifasha ikipe yawe y'abaganga gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza.
Kora urutonde rw'amakuru yawe y'ubuvuzi harimo ibyavuye mubizamini byabanje, amashusho, n'ibyavuye mubizamini by'indwara. Zana urutonde rw'imiti yose, ibyuzuza, na vitamine urimo gufata, harimo n'umwanya n'igihe.
Andika ibibazo byawe mbere y'igikorwa. Tangira n'ibibazo byawe by'ingenzi niba igihe kigabanutse. Ibibazo bishobora kuba birimo uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka, uko bizagenda, cyangwa uko ubuvuzi buzagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.
Zana umuntu ugushigikira niba bishoboka. Kugira umuryango cyangwa inshuti bishobora gutanga inkunga yo mu mutwe kandi bikagufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi yavuzwe mugihe cy'igikorwa.
Andika ibimenyetso byawe harimo igihe byatangiye, uko byahindutse, n'icyo biba byiza cyangwa biba bibi. Bandika ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ingaruka z'ubuvuzi.
Tegura ibintu by'ingenzi binyuze mu gutegura uburyo bwo gutwara, cyane cyane niba uzahabwa ubuvuzi bugira ingaruka kubushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara. Zana amakarita y'ubwisungane, indangamuntu, n'amafaranga yose asabwa.
Tekereza kuzana agatabo cyangwa kubaza niba ushobora kwandika ibiganiro kugira ngo bikwibutse amakuru y'ingenzi nyuma. Ntugatinye kubaza umuganga wawe gusubiramo cyangwa gusobanura ikintu cyose utazi.
Sarcoma ni ubwoko bwa kanseri nke ariko bukomeye bushobora kuba mu mitsi yumucyo cyangwa mu magufwa y'umubiri. Nubwo ibyo kumenya bishobora gutera ubwoba, iterambere ryubuvuzi ryongereye cyane ibyavuye kubantu benshi bafite sarcoma.
Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa nitsinda ryihariye bitanga amahirwe meza yo kugira ibyavuye byiza. Niba ubona ibishishwa bidashira, ibintu bikura, cyangwa kubabara kw'amagufwa bitasobanuwe, ntutinye gushaka isuzuma ry'abaganga.
Ibuka ko ubuvuzi bwa sarcoma bugengwa cyane. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakorana nawe kugira ngo itegure gahunda isuzuma atari ukurwanya kanseri gusa, ahubwo no kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe n'imikorere yawe.
Kubana na sarcoma birimo ubuvuzi n'inkunga yo mu mutwe. Huza n'ibikoresho, ubaze ibibazo, kandi wibuke ko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Abantu benshi bafite sarcoma bakomeza kubaho ubuzima buzuye, bukora nyuma yubuvuzi.
Oya, sarcoma ntihora ipfana. Uko bizagenda bitandukanye cyane bitewe nubwoko, aho buri, ubunini, n'icyiciro cya kanseri mugihe yamenyekanye. Abantu benshi bafite sarcoma baravurwa neza kandi babaho ubuzima busanzwe. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa nitsinda ryihariye byongereye cyane ibyavuye mu myaka ishize.
Sarcomas nyinshi ntizishobora gukumirwa kuko itera kubera impinduka z'impeshyi z'impeshyi. Ariko, ushobora kugabanya ibyago bimwe na bimwe ukirinda kurasa ukeneye, ukoresha ibikoresho byo kurinda mugihe ukora nimiti, no kugira ubuzima bwiza. Abantu bafite uburwayi bwa gene bongera ibyago bya sarcoma bagomba gukorana nabaganga babo kugira ngo basuzumwe neza.
Umuvuduko wa sarcoma utandukanye cyane hagati yubwoko butandukanye nibibazo byumuntu ku giti cye. Sarcomas zimwe na zimwe zikura buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka, izindi zishobora gukura no gukwirakwira vuba. Sarcomas zo hejuru zikura vuba kuruta izindi zo hasi. Niyo mpamvu igishishwa gishya cyangwa gihinduka gikwiye gusuzuma umuganga vuba.
Sarcomas itera mu mitsi ihuza umubiri nka imitsi, amagufwa, amavuta, nimitsi yamaraso, mu gihe izindi kanseri nyinshi zitangira mu ngingo cyangwa mu mitsi. Sarcomas ari nke cyane, zigize hafi 1% bya kanseri z'abantu bakuru. Kandi zikunda gusaba uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kandi zikunze gucungwa nitsinda ryihariye rya sarcoma.
Yego, abana bashobora kwibasirwa na sarcoma, kandi mu by'ukuri ikunze kuba mubana kuruta abantu bakuru kubwoko bumwe na bumwe. Sarcomas zigize hafi 15% bya kanseri z'abana. Sarcomas y'amagufwa nka osteosarcoma na Ewing sarcoma ikunze kuba mubangavu n'urubyiruko. Sarcomas y'abana ikunze gusubiza neza ubuvuzi, kandi abana benshi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwiza.