Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni uburibwe budakomeye bukura ku gikoma gikikuje imitsi yawe, kitwa myelin sheath. Aya mabwenge akura buhoro buhoro kandi akenshi aba adakomeretsa, bisobanura ko atazakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe.

Tekereza nk'igice gito, cyoroshye cyubatswe ku “gikoma” gikikuje insinga z'imitsi yawe. Nubwo ijambo “ubwenge” rishobora gutera ubwoba, ese ni nta ngaruka mbi kandi ishobora gufashwa neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ese ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ese?

Ibimenyetso wumva biterwa n'umutsi wakozweho n'ubunini bw'ubwenge. Abantu benshi bafite ese nto nta bimenyetso na bumwe bagira, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara:

• Igice cyoroshye cyangwa igituntu ushobora kumva munsi y'uruhu rwawe
• Uburibwe cyangwa ukubira mu gice ubwo bwenge buriho
• Intege nke mu mitsi iyobowe n'umutsi wakozweho
• Uburibwe bushobora kwiyongera iyo umubiri uhindutse cyangwa ugakandamizwa
• Impinduka mu kumva, nko kumva gake cyangwa ubushyuhe

Ku bw'ibimenyetso by'amajwi (ese ku mutsi wumva), ushobora kumva igihombo cy'umva mu gutwi kumwe, guhuha cyangwa ibibazo byo kubona umubiri.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ese nyinshi ikura buhoro buhoro, iha wowe na muganga wawe umwanya uhagije wo gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n'ikibazo cyawe.

Ese ni ubwoko ki bwa ese?

Ese igereranywa hashingiwe aho ikura mu mubiri wawe. Aho iherereye ni byo bigena ibimenyetso ushobora kugira n'uburyo ivurwa.

Ubwoko bwakunze kugaragara harimo:

• Ibimenyetso by'amajwi: Aya akura ku mutsi ugenzura kumva no kubona umubiri, bikagira ingaruka ku gutwi kumwe cyangwa ku mbiri
• Ese ya mugongo: Aya akura ku mitsi iri mu mugongo wawe kandi ashobora kugira ingaruka ku myanya cyangwa kumva
• Ese ya mpande: Aya akura ku mitsi iri mu maboko, amaguru, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri wawe
• Ese ya mu mutwe: Aya agira ingaruka ku mitsi iri mu mutwe wawe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubona, ku myanya y'ubuso, cyangwa kuribwa

Buri bwoko bufite ibimenyetso n'ibitekerezo byo kuvura. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko nyabwo hashingiwe ku bipimo byo kubona amashusho n'ibimenyetso byawe.

Ese ni iki gitera ese?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya ese nyinshi ntiziramenyekana, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko iterwa n'impinduka mu mimerere y'imisemburo igenzura uko utwenge tw'Ese dukura kandi tugakwirakwira. Aya ni yo tugize gikoma gikikuje imitsi yawe.

Mu bihe byinshi, izi mpinduka z'imisemburo ziba mu buzima bwawe. Ariko kandi, bamwe mu bantu barwara ese kubera ibibazo by'umutungo.

Impamvu nyamukuru izwi harimo:

• Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2): Iki kibazo cy'umutungo gicye cyongera ibyago byo kurwara ese nyinshi
• Schwannomatosis: Ikindi kibazo cy'umutungo gicye gitera ese nyinshi nta bindi bimenyetso bya NF2
• Impinduka z'imisemburo zidasanzwe: Ese nyinshi iba nta mateka y'umuryango cyangwa impamvu izwi

Kuba warashyizweho imirasire mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi bishobora kongera ibyago, ariko ibi ni bike. Ese nyinshi iba nta kintu cyabiteye cyangwa ikintu cyongera ibyago.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ese?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona ibintu byoroshye, ibituntu, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'imitsi bidashira. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kumenya niba ukeneye kuvurwa no gukumira ingaruka.

Shaka ubuvuzi niba ufite:

• Igituntu gikura cyangwa igice gikomeye ahantu hose ku mubiri wawe
• Uburibwe cyangwa ukubira bikomeza ibyumweru byinshi
• Intege nke y'imitsi ikomeza kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda
• Igihombo cy'umva cyangwa guhuha mu gutwi kumwe
• Ibibazo byo kubona umubiri cyangwa guhuha
• Uburibwe bukubananira gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona impinduka zidasanzwe mu bimenyetso byawe cyangwa niba zigira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo amenye icyateye ibimenyetso byawe kandi agutere inama ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ese ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya ese?

Ese nyinshi iba idafite impamvu izwi, ariko bimwe mu bintu n'imimerere bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara aya mabwenge. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kumenya ubuzima bwawe.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bikuru harimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango wa NF2 cyangwa schwannomatosis: Kugira abavandimwe bafite ibi bibazo by'umutungo byongera ibyago byawe
• Kuba warashyizweho imirasire: Ubuvuzi bw'imirasire mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi bishobora kongera ibyago gato
• Imyaka: Ese ikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 20 na 50
• Igitsina: Abagore bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ibimenyetso by'amajwi

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibivuze ko uzahita urwara ese. Abantu benshi bafite ibyo bintu byongera ibyago ntibarwara, abandi badafite impamvu izwi barwara.

Ese ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka za ese?

Nubwo ese ari nta ngaruka mbi kandi idatera urupfu, rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ingaruka niba ikura cyane ikafata ibice by'ingenzi. Ingaruka zihariye ziterwa n'aho ubwo bwenge buri.

Ingaruka zishoboka zishobora kuba:

• Igihombo cy'imitsi kirambye: Ubwenge bunini bushobora kwangiza umutsi bukuraho
• Igihombo cy'umva: Ibimenyetso by'amajwi bishobora gutera igihombo cy'umva cyangwa igihombo cy'umva cyuzuye
• Ibibazo byo kubona umubiri: Ubwenge bugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'umubiri bushobora gutera guhuha
• Intege nke y'imitsi: Ese ku mitsi y'imitsi ishobora gutera intege nke y'imitsi cyangwa ubugufi
• Ubugufi bw'ubuso: Biragaragara ariko bishoboka ku bwenge bugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'ubuso

Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gukumirwa cyangwa kugabanuka hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma muganga wawe ashobora gutabara mbere y'uko ingaruka zikomeye zigaragara.

Ese ese imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya ese bisanzwe bikubiyemo gusuzuma umubiri, ibizamini byo kubona amashusho, rimwe na rimwe no gukora biopsie. Muganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibimenyetso byawe kandi agasuzume agace gakozweho.

Uburyo bwo kumenya busanzwe burimo:

1. Gusuzuma umubiri: Muganga wawe azasuzume ibintu byoroshye kandi agenzure imitsi yawe n'uburyo bumva
2. MRI scan: Iyi itanga amashusho arambuye y'imbere y'umubiri kandi ishobora kwerekana ubunini bw'ubwenge n'aho buri
3. CT scan: Rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa kugira ngo ibone amakuru y'ubwenge
4. Ibizamini by'umva: Ni ingenzi niba hakekwa ibimenyetso by'amajwi
5. Biopsie: Ntibikunze kuba ngombwa, ariko bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza

MRI niyo ikunze kuba ikizamini cy'ingenzi kuko ishobora kwerekana neza ese kandi ifasha gutandukanya n'ubundi bwoko bw'ubwenge. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini by'imisemburo niba akekako ari ikibazo cy'umutungo.

Ese ese ivurwa gute?

Ubuvuzi bwa ese biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, birimo ubunini bw'ubwenge, aho buri, ibimenyetso byawe, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ese nto, idafite ibimenyetso, ishobora gukurikiranwa gusa aho kuvurwa vuba.

Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba:

• Gutegereza no gukurikirana: Gukurikirana buri gihe hakoreshejwe MRI scans ku bwenge buto, budafite ibimenyetso
• Kubaga: Gukuraho ubwo bwenge burangira, akenshi bikarinda imikorere y'imitsi
• Stereotactic radiosurgery: Ubuvuzi bw'imirasire buhamye bushobora kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ubwenge gukura
• Ubuvuzi bw'imirasire busanzwe: Bikoreshwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe aho kubaga bitashoboka

Kubaga akenshi ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ubwo bwenge bunini cyangwa bufite ibimenyetso bikomeye. Intego ni ukukuraho ubwo bwenge bwose ukarinda imikorere y'imitsi uko bishoboka kose.

Ku bw'ibimenyetso by'amajwi, ibyemezo byo kuvura bigerwaho hashingiwe ku rwego rw'umva wawe, imyaka, n'umuvuduko w'ubwenge gukura. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo atore uburyo bwiza kuri we.

Uburyo bwo guhangana na ese murugo?

Nta buryo ushobora kuvura ese murugo, ariko hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo uhangane n'ibimenyetso kandi ushyigikire ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kumva wishimye kandi ufite ubushobozi.

Dore uburyo bumwe na bumwe bufasha:

• Guhangana n'uburibwe: Imiti igabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka ishobora gufasha mu kuribwa
• Imikino yoroheje: Komereza gukora imyitozo ukurikije ubushobozi bwawe kugira ngo ugume ufite imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo kugenda
• Guhangana n'umunaniro: Kora imyitozo yo kuruhuka nko guhumeka cyangwa gutekereza
• Ubuzima bwiza: Funga neza, urabe, kandi wirinde itabi
• Amashyirahamwe y'abafite ibibazo nk'ibyo: Huza n'abandi bafite ibibazo nk'ibyo

Komeza kumenya ibimenyetso byawe kandi ubwira muganga wawe impinduka zose. Niba ufite ibibazo byo kubona umubiri, komeza urugo rwawe rutagira ibibazo byo kugwa kandi ushyireho ibintu bifasha guhagarara aho bikenewe.

Ese ukwiye gutegura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko rwawe bishobora kugufasha kubona byinshi mu ruzinduko rwawe kandi bikaba byizewe ko muganga wawe afite amakuru yose akenewe kugira ngo aguhe ubuvuzi bwiza. Gutegura gato bigira akamaro kanini.

Mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe:

1. Andika ibimenyetso byawe: Harimo igihe byatangiye, uko byahindutse, n'icyo bikora kugira ngo bigende neza cyangwa bibi
2. Andika imiti yawe: Harimo imiti yose, imiti iboneka mu maduka, n'ibindi
3. Kora dosiye y'ubuvuzi: Zana ibisubizo by'ibizamini byabanje cyangwa amashusho
4. Tegura ibibazo: Andika icyo ushaka kumenya ku kibazo cyawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura
5. Zana umuntu ugushigikira: Tekereza kuzana umuryango wawe cyangwa inshuti

Ntugatinye kubabaza ibibazo mu gihe cy'uruzinduko rwawe. Muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha gusobanukirwa ikibazo cyawe kandi ukumva ufite icyizere ku buryo bwo kuvura.

Ese ni iki gikuru wakuramo kuri ese?

Ese ni ubwenge bw'imitsi budakomeretsa, nubwo bushobora gutera impungenge, ariko burafashwa neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ikintu gikomeye cyo kwibuka ni uko aya mabwenge akenshi aba adakomeretsa kandi adatera urupfu.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza bishobora gukumira ingaruka kandi bikarinda imikorere y'imitsi yawe. Abantu benshi barwaye ese bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, baba bakeneye kuvurwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa gusa.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bifitanye isano na ese, ntutinye gushaka ubuvuzi. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ishobora kugufasha no kugushyigikira mu rugendo rwawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri ese

Ese ese ishobora guhinduka kanseri?

Ese ni ubwenge budakomeretsa, bisobanura ko atari kanseri kandi ntiyakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Guhinduka kanseri ni bike cyane, bibaho munsi ya 1% by'imibare. Ariko kandi, gukurikirana buri gihe birakomeza kuba ingenzi kugira ngo hagenzurwe impinduka zose mu bunini cyangwa ibimenyetso.

Ese ese ikura vuba gute?

Ese nyinshi ikura buhoro buhoro, akenshi bikamara imyaka kugira ngo yongere ubunini. Zimwe zishobora kuguma zimeze kimwe igihe kirekire nta gukura. Umuvuduko w'ubwenge gukura ushobora guhinduka bitewe n'aho buri n'ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye, niyo mpamvu gukurikirana buri gihe hakoreshejwe ibizamini byo kubona amashusho ari ingenzi.

Ese ese ishobora gusubira inyuma nyuma yo kubagwa?

Gusubira inyuma nyuma yo kubagwa neza ni bike, bibaho munsi ya 5% by'imibare. Ibyago byo gusubira inyuma ni byinshi niba igice kimwe cy'ubwenge gusa ari cyo cyakuweho kugira ngo harindwe imikorere y'imitsi. Umubazi wawe azakubwira ibyago byo gusubira inyuma hashingiwe ku mimerere yawe.

Ese ese irazima?

Ese nyinshi iba idakomoka ku muryango kandi ntirazima. Ariko kandi, abantu bafite ibibazo by'umutungo nka neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) cyangwa schwannomatosis bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ese nyinshi. Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango w'ibi bibazo, inama y'umutungo ishobora kugufasha.

Ese nshobora gukumira ese kudakura?

Nta buryo bwo gukumira ese nyinshi kuko akenshi iba iterwa n'impinduka z'imisemburo zidasanzwe. Ariko kandi, kwirinda imirasire idakenewe no kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange bishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe. Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutungo, gusuzuma buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya ubwo bwenge hakiri kare.