Ibyago byo mu mazuru: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro n'Uko Bivurwa

Ibyago byo mu mazuru ni ububabare n'umuvuduko wumva mu gahanga, mu mashati, no mu maso igihe iminkanyari yawe yabaye umuriro cyangwa ikingiranye. Iminkanyari yawe ni ahantu hazuzuyemo umwuka mu gice cy'umutwe, ubusanzwe akaba ariho amazi ava, ariko iyo adashobora kuva neza, umuvuduko uraba mwinshi kandi ugatera ububabare busanzwe.

Abantu benshi bumva ko bafite ibyago byo mu mazuru mu gihe mu by'ukuri bafite ibicurane cyangwa ibyago by'umutwe. Ibyago by'ukuri byo mu mazuru biba hamwe n'indwara z'iminkanyari kandi bigira ibimenyetso byinshi nko kuva amaraso mu mazuru n'ububabare mu maso.

Ibimenyetso by'ibyago byo mu mazuru ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by'ibyago byo mu mazuru bigaragara cyane mu gice cy'ububabare n'umuvuduko mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri wawe. Ubwo bubabare busanzwe burakura iyo uhindutse cyangwa ugiye kuryama kuko uburemere bugira ingaruka ku buryo amazi yimuka mu minkanyari yawe.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Ububabare bukomeye, buhoraho mu gahanga, mu mashati, cyangwa mu mfuruka y'izuru
• Ububabare burakura iyo uhindutse cyangwa uhindura umutwe vuba
• Kumva umuvuduko cyangwa kuzura mu maso
• Amazi ava mu mazuru, afite ibara ry'umuhondo cyangwa icyatsi
• Izuru rikingiranye bigorana guhumeka
• Kumva impumuro cyangwa uburyohe bibi
• Kubabara mu menyo yo hejuru
• Umuriro muke (ubusanzwe udasanzwe)
• Kugira umunaniro kubera kudasinzira neza kubera izuru rikingiranye

Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati y'ibyago byo mu mazuru n'izindi ndwara ni uko ibyago byo mu mazuru bihora bifite ibimenyetso byo mu mazuru. Niba ufite ububabare bw'umutwe udafite izuru rikingiranye cyangwa amazi ava mu mazuru, ushobora kuba ufite ikindi cyago cy'umutwe.

Ni iki gitera ibyago byo mu mazuru?

Ibyago byo mu mazuru biba igihe ikintu cyabujije amazi kuva mu minkanyari yawe uko bikwiye. Tekereza ku minkanyari yawe nk'ibyumba bito bikeneye umwuka mwiza - iyo imiryango ikingiranye, umuvuduko uraba mwinshi imbere.

Intandaro zisanzwe zirimo:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi nka grippe
• Indwara z'iminkanyari ziterwa na bagiteri (sinusitis)
• Allergie z'ibihe ku mbuto, umukungugu, cyangwa ubwoya bw'amatungo
• Ibibyimba byo mu mazuru (ibibyimba bito, bidafite kanseri)
• Izuru rihindagurika (igihe urukuta ruri hagati y'iminkanyari yawe ruba rwikubise)
• Ibintu byangiza ibidukikije nka itabi cyangwa ibintu bikomeye
• Guhinduka k'umuvuduko w'ikirere (nko kuguruka cyangwa koga)
• Indwara ziterwa n'ibinyampeke (bisanzwe bibaho ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa buke)

Gake, ibibazo by'imiterere y'izuru cyangwa indwara zidakira nka cystic fibrosis bishobora gutera ibyago byo mu mazuru. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba hari indwara irimo kugutera ibibazo byo mu mazuru.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibyago byo mu mazuru?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeje iminsi irenga icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bikomeye cyane. Ibibazo byinshi byo mu mazuru biterwa na virusi bikira byonyine, ariko indwara ziterwa na bagiteri zikenera imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ufite:

• Ububabare bukomeye bw'umutwe hamwe n'umuriro mwinshi (urenze 38.3°C)
• Ububabare bw'umutwe butunguranye, bukomeye, butari bwigeze buhaba
• Guhinduka kw'ubuhumekero cyangwa kubabara amaso
• Ijosi rihagaze hamwe n'ububabare bw'umutwe n'umuriro
• Gucika intekerezo cyangwa kugorana gutekereza neza
• Ibimenyetso bikomeza nyuma yo kugenda
• Ibyago by'umutwe bibangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi iminsi irenga mike

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza indwara ikomeye yageze mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Nubwo ari gake, ingaruka nka meningitis cyangwa ibibyimba mu bwonko bisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira ibyago byo mu mazuru?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikongera ibyago byo kugira ibyago byo mu mazuru. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kubikumira cyangwa gushaka ubuvuzi vuba.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Amateka y'allergie cyangwa asma
• Indwara z'iminkanyari zabanje
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa guhumeka itabi
• Indwara nyinshi z'ubuhumekero bwo hejuru
• Ibibazo by'imiterere y'izuru nko guhindagurika kw'izuru
• Ubudahangarwa buke
• Kuba mu bice byanduye cyane
• Koga cyangwa koga kenshi
• Gukora mu mirimo ifite ibintu byangiza

Bamwe mu bantu baba bafite ibibazo byo mu mazuru kubera imiterere yabo cyangwa imvange.

Ingaruka zishoboka z'ibyago byo mu mazuru ni izihe?

Ibyago byinshi byo mu mazuru bikira bitagize ingaruka iyo bivuwe neza. Ariko kandi, indwara z'iminkanyari zitavuwe cyangwa zikomeye zishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera ibibazo bikomeye.

Ingaruka zishoboka zirimo:

• Sinusitis idakira (ikomeza ibyumweru birenga 12)
• Ikwirakwira ry'indwara mu bice byegereye
• Indwara y'amaso (orbital cellulitis)
• Indwara y'amagufwa (osteomyelitis)
• Meningitis (indwara y'inkingi z'ubwonko n'umugongo)
• Ibibyimba mu bwonko (bike cyane ariko bikomeye)
• Ibibyimba by'amaraso mu bwonko (bike cyane)

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ni nke, cyane cyane iyo havuwe vuba. Ubwugarizi bw'umubiri busanzwe bukwirakwiza indwara z'iminkanyari, ariko ni ngombwa gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe no gushaka ubufasha igihe bikenewe.

Uko wakwirinda ibyago byo mu mazuru

Urashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugira ibyago byo mu mazuru ugafasha iminkanyari yawe kuguma ikora neza no kwirinda ibintu byabibatera. Kwivuza bigamije kugumisha amazi ava mu mazuru akora neza no kwirinda ibintu byatera umuriro.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda birimo:

• Gukoresha umwuka ushyushya kugira ngo umwuka ube mwiza (gerageza kugira umwuka ufite ubushyuhe bwa 30-50%)
• Gusukura izuru ryawe n'amazi ya saline buri munsi
• Kuvura allergie n'imiti ikwiye
• Kwima itabi n'umukungugu igihe bishoboka
• Koga intoki kenshi kugira ngo wirinde indwara
• Kunywira amazi ahagije kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru abe meza
• Kuryama bihagije kugira ngo ubudahangarwa bwawe bukomeze
• Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gutunganya umwuka kugira ngo ugabanye allergie mu rugo rwawe

Niba ufite allergie zidakira, gukorana n'umuganga w'inzobere mu kuvura allergie bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibintu byabibatera no gukora gahunda yo kubivura. Rimwe na rimwe, gukemura ibibazo by'imiterere y'izuru nko kubyimba cyangwa izuru rihindagurika bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byo mu mazuru.

Uko ibyago byo mu mazuru bipimwa

Muganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe akanakureba mu maso no mu izuru. Azareba ibimenyetso by'umuriro mu minkanyari yawe nko kubabara hejuru y'iminkanyari yawe akanareba imbere mu izuru ryawe niba hari ikintu kibyabujije cyangwa amazi ava mu mazuru.

Uburyo bwo gupima busanzwe burimo:

• Kureba umubiri wawe, ijosi n'izuru
• Kureba amateka yawe n'uburyo ibimenyetso byawe bigenda
• Kureba imbere mu izuru ryawe hakoreshejwe umuyoboro muto, woroshye
• CT scan y'iminkanyari yawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeye cyangwa bikomeza kugaruka
• Gupima allergie niba ukekwaho allergie
• Gusaka amazi ava mu mazuru niba ukekwaho indwara y'abagiteri

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gushaka kumenya niba ufite ibindi byago by'umutwe nka migraine, bishobora rimwe na rimwe kumera nk'ibyago byo mu mazuru. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukumenya uburyo ibimenyetso byawe bigenda n'intandaro zibyatera.

Uko ibyago byo mu mazuru bivurwa

Kuvura ibyago byo mu mazuru bigamije kugabanya umuriro, gukuraho ibintu bibyabujije, no kuvura intandaro. Uburyo bwo kuvura biterwa niba ibimenyetso byawe biterwa n'indwara ya virusi, indwara ya bagiteri, cyangwa allergie.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Imiti yo mu mazuru igabanya umuvuduko (ikoreshe iminsi itatu gusa)
• Imiti yo mu kanwa igabanya umuvuduko
• Gusukura izuru n'amazi ya saline kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru ave
• Imiti igabanya ububabare nka acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen
• Imiti yo kurwanya allergie niba ari allergie
• Imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri ku ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri
• Imiti yo mu mazuru ifasha mu kuvura umuriro udashira
• Ibishyuha bishyushye ku bice bibabara

Ku ndwara z'iminkanyari ziterwa na bagiteri, muganga wawe azakwandikira imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri. Ni ngombwa kuyinywa yose nubwo wumva umeze neza, kuko kuyihagarika vuba bishobora gutera ubudahangarwa ku miti cyangwa indwara igaruka.

Mu bihe bike aho kuvurwa bisanzwe bitakora, uburyo bwo kubaga nko gukoresha ballon sinuplasty cyangwa endoscopic sinus surgery bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru ave neza.

Uko wavura ibyago byo mu mazuru mu rugo

Uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo bushobora kugabanya ububabare bw'ibyago byo mu mazuru kandi bugafasha iminkanyari yawe kuva amazi neza. Ibi bivura bikora neza iyo bifatanije n'imiti yose muganga wawe akwandikiye.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura mu rugo burimo:

• Gushyira ibishyuha bishyushye, byuzuye amazi mu maso iminota 10-15 inshuro nyinshi kumunsi
• Gukoresha umwuka ushyushya cyangwa guhumeka umwuka ushyushye uva mu mvura
• Kunywira amazi ahagije kugira ngo amazi ava mu mazuru abe meza
• Kuryama utwikiriye kugira ngo amazi ave
• Kunyurura gake ibice biri hejuru y'iminkanyari yawe
• Gukoresha imiti yo mu mazuru ya saline cyangwa amazi yo gusukura izuru umunsi wose
• Kwima inzoga, ishobora kongera umuvuduko
• Kunywa imiti igabanya ububabare uko byategetswe

Ikiruhuko kandi ni ingenzi mu gukira, cyane cyane niba ufite umuriro cyangwa wumva utameze neza. Ubudahangarwa bwawe bukora neza iyo ukiriwe kandi udahangayitse.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitunganya kujya kwa muganga bifasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa neza uko umeze kandi bishobora gutuma ubuvuzi bugira akamaro. Tekereza ku buryo ibimenyetso byawe bigenda n'ibyabyateye.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, tekereza kuri ibi:

• Kwandika igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse
• Kwandika imiti yose n'ibindi bintu unywa
• Kwandika icyongera cyangwa kigabanya ibimenyetso byawe
• Kwandika uburyo umuriro wawe ugenda cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso
• Kuzana urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubaza
• Kuvuga ingendo za vuba cyangwa aho wahuye n'indwara
• Kuvuga ibibazo byo mu mazuru wari usanzwe ufite cyangwa uburyo wari waravuwe

Ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo ku buryo bwo kuvurwa, igihe utegereje gukira, cyangwa igihe ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi bw'inyongera. Muganga wawe arashaka kugufasha kumva umeze neza kandi ashobora kugufasha ukurikije uko umeze.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya ku byago byo mu mazuru

Ibyago byo mu mazuru ni ikibazo gisanzwe ariko kivurwa, gisanzwe gikira iyo kivuwe neza. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukubimenya bitandukanye n'ibindi byago by'umutwe no kuvura umuriro cyangwa indwara mu minkanyari.

Ibyago byinshi byo mu mazuru bikira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri bivuwe neza. Uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo nko guhumeka umwuka ushyushye n'amazi ya saline bishobora kugabanya ububabare, mu gihe imiti y'abaganga ishobora kuba ikenewe ku ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri cyangwa ibibazo bidakira.

Wibuke ko ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa bidashira bisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura no kwirinda ingaruka. Uvuriwe neza, ushobora kumva umeze neza no kwirinda ibindi bibazo.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa ku byago byo mu mazuru

Nshobora kumenya gute niba ububabare bw'umutwe bwanjye buturuka mu mazuru cyangwa ahandi?

Ibyago by'ukuri byo mu mazuru bihora bifite ibimenyetso byo mu mazuru nko gukingirana, amazi ava mu mazuru, cyangwa kumva impumuro nabi. Ubwo bubabare busanzwe buri mu gahanga, mu mashati, cyangwa hafi y'amaso, kandi burakura iyo uhindutse. Niba ufite ububabare bw'umutwe udafite ibimenyetso byo mu mazuru, ushobora kuba ufite ikindi cyago cy'umutwe nka migraine cyangwa ibyago by'umutwe.

Ese ibyago byo mu mazuru bishobora kumara ibyumweru?

Ibyago byo mu mazuru bisanzwe bikira mu minsi 7-10, ariko sinusitis idakira ishobora gutera ibyago by'umutwe bikamara ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeje ibyumweru birenga bibiri cyangwa bikomeza kugaruka, reba muganga wawe kugira ngo amenye niba ufite sinusitis idakira cyangwa ibindi bibazo bikeneye kuvurwa.

Ese ibyago byo mu mazuru byandura?

Ibyago byo mu mazuru ubwayo ntibyandura, ariko indwara zibibatera zishobora kwandura. Niba ibyago byawe byo mu mazuru biterwa na virusi ya grippe, ushobora kwanduza abandi virusi. Indwara z'iminkanyari ziterwa na bagiteri ntizandura, ariko indwara ya virusi yabibateye ishobora kuba yaranduje.

Ni ryari nkwiye gukoresha imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri ku byago byo mu mazuru?

Imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri ikenewe gusa ku ndwara z'iminkanyari ziterwa na bagiteri, muganga wawe ashobora kubimenya hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe, ibizamini, rimwe na rimwe no gupima. Ibyago byinshi byo mu mazuru biterwa na virusi cyangwa allergie kandi ntibizakira imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri. Gukoresha imiti yo kurwanya bagiteri utabikenewe bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi no kudahangara ku miti.

Ese impinduka z'ikirere zishobora gutera ibyago byo mu mazuru?

Yego, guhinduka kw'umuvuduko w'ikirere, ubushyuhe, n'ubushyuhe bishobora gutera ibyago byo mu mazuru ku bantu bafite ubukana. Iminkanyari yawe ikenera kumenyera guhinduka kw'umuvuduko, kandi niba isanzwe ifite umuriro cyangwa ikingiranye, guhinduka kw'ikirere bishobora kongera ibimenyetso. Gukoresha umwuka ushyushya no kunywa amazi ahagije bishobora gufasha iminkanyari yawe kumenyera guhinduka kw'ikirere neza.