Eseme ry’ububabare bw’umubiri (Somatic Symptom Disorder): Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Eseme ry’ububabare bw’umubiri ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe aho wumva utari mu buzima bwiza kubera ibimenyetso by’umubiri bikubangamira cyane, cyangwa bikubuza gukora imirimo ya buri munsi. Ibi bimenyetso ni byo koko kandi bikubabaza cyane, nubwo ibizamini by’ubuvuzi bitashobora kubona icyabiteye.

Icyatuma iki kibazo kiba kidasanzwe ni uko ibitekerezo byawe, ibyiyumvo byawe, n’imyitwarire yawe ku birebana n’ibi bimenyetso biba ari byo biba ingenzi. Ushobora kumara igihe kinini uhangayikishijwe n’ubuzima bwawe, ugashaka ubuvuzi kenshi, cyangwa ukaba wizeye ko hari ikintu gikomeye kibayeho nubwo ibizamini byose bigaragaza ko uri muzima.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by’ububabare bw’umubiri?

Ibimenyetso nyamukuru birimo ibyiyumvo by’umubiri n’uburyo ubikiramo. Uzumva ububabare bw’umubiri hamwe n’impungenge zikabije ku cyo ibi bimenyetso bishobora gusobanura.

Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ushobora kubona:

• Ububabare buhoraho mu mugongo, mu gituza, mu maboko, mu maguru, cyangwa mu ngingo
• Umutwe ubora cyane cyangwa udakunze kubaho
• Uburwayi budakira nubwo uruhuka
• Guhumeka nabi cyangwa kumva udashobora guhumeka neza
• Ibibazo by’inda nko kuruka, kubyimba, cyangwa ibibazo byo mu gifu
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva utari mu mwanya mwiza
• Kubabara cyangwa kunanirwa mu ntoki cyangwa mu birenge

Uretse ibimenyetso by’umubiri, uzagira kandi impungenge zikomeye n’imyitwarire. Ushobora gusanga uhora ugenzura umubiri wawe, ukora ubushakashatsi ku bimenyetso kuri interineti amasaha menshi, cyangwa ukagira ubwoba iyo ubona ikintu gishya.

Impungenge ziba nyinshi ku buryo zigira ingaruka ku mibanire yawe, ku kazi kawe, no ku mirimo ya buri munsi. Ushobora kwirinda imyitozo ngororamubiri kuko utinya ko bizatuma ibimenyetso bikomeza, cyangwa ushobora kujya kwa muganga benshi ushaka ibisubizo.

Ese iki kibazo cy’ububabare bw’umubiri gituruka he?

Iki kibazo gituruka ku iterambere ry’ibintu byinshi birimo iby’umubiri, ibyo mu mutwe, n’iby’imibereho. Nta ntandaro imwe, ahubwo hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutuma ufite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ibi bimenyetso n’impungenge.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutuma iki kibazo kibaho:

• Kugira amateka yo mu muryango y’ihungabana, agahinda, cyangwa ibibazo by’umubiri
• Guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye, guhohoterwa, cyangwa kwirengagizwa mu bwana
• Guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye byo mu buzima nko gutandukana, kubura akazi, cyangwa urupfu rw’umuntu ukunda
• Kugira indwara ikomeye mu gihe cyahise yateye impungenge zihoraho ku buzima bwawe
• Gukura mu muryango aho ibimenyetso by’umubiri byahawe umwanya munini
• Kugira imico imwe nko kuba ufite ubwenge bwinshi ku byiyumvo by’umubiri
• Guhangana n’ihungabana ritavuwe cyangwa agahinda

Uburyo bwawe bwo kwirinda mu bwonko buhinduka bukaba bufite ubwenge bwinshi ku byiyumvo bisanzwe by’umubiri. Icyo abantu benshi bashobora kwirengagiza cyangwa kutakwitaho kiba gikomeye kandi gikaba kigaragazwa nk’ikintu kibangamira cyangwa giteye ubwoba.

Rimwe na rimwe ibi biba nyuma y’ikibazo cy’ubuzima. Ushobora kuba warakize indwara, ariko ubwenge bwawe buguma bukanguka, buhora bushaka ibimenyetso by’uko hari ikintu kibayeho.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ububabare bw’umubiri?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha igihe ibimenyetso by’umubiri bigira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe, nubwo ibizamini by’ubuvuzi bitashoboye kubona icyabiteye. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane niba umara igihe kinini uhangayikishijwe n’ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ukirinda ibikorwa kubera gutinya ibimenyetso.

Dore imimerere yihariye aho ubufasha bw’umwuga bushobora kugira akamaro:

• Urajya kwa muganga kenshi ariko ukumva ubabaye kuko ntawe ushobora gusobanura ibimenyetso byawe
• Ibimenyetso by’umubiri bikubuza gukora, guhura n’abandi, cyangwa kwishimira ibikorwa
• Umara amasaha menshi buri munsi utekereza ku bimenyetso byawe cyangwa ubibigenzura
• Abo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti bagaragaje impungenge ku myitwarire yawe yerekeye ubuzima
• Umeze nk’uwizeye ko ufite indwara ikomeye nubwo ibizamini byose bigaragaza ko uri muzima
• Uririnda imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa imimerere kuko utinya ko bizatuma ibimenyetso bikomeza
• Ubuzima bwawe bwo kuryama burahindagurika kuko uhangayikishijwe n’ubuzima bwawe

Wibuke ko gushaka ubufasha ntibivuze ko ibimenyetso byawe atari byo cyangwa ko ari “ibyo mu mutwe.” Umuganga w’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ashobora gukorana nawe kugira ngo akurikirane ububabare bw’umubiri n’agahinda gakuberaho.

Akenshi biba byiza gukorana n’umuganga wawe usanzwe n’umuganga w’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Ubu buryo bwo gukorana bufasha kugenzura ubuzima bwawe bw’umubiri mugihe kandi hagenzurwa ibintu byo mu mutwe.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutuma ugira ububabare bw’umubiri?

Ubuzima bwawe n’imico yawe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira iki kibazo. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibintu kandi ukabona ubufasha bukwiye.

Ibi bintu bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Kuba umugore, kuko abagore barwaye iki kibazo kurusha abagabo
• Kugira amateka yo guhohoterwa mu bwana, harimo guhohoterwa ku mubiri, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, cyangwa ihohoterwa mu byiyumvo
• Gukura n’umubyeyi warwaye indwara zihoraho cyangwa wari ufite impungenge nyinshi ku buzima
• Kugira ibibazo by’ihungabana, agahinda, cyangwa ibindi bibazo byo mu mutwe
• Guhura n’ibibazo byinshi by’umunaniro mu buzima bwawe bwite cyangwa mu kazi
• Kugira ikibazo cy’ubuzima kitavuwe neza cyangwa kitavuwe mu gihe cyahise
• Kuba ufite ubwenge bwinshi ku byiyumvo by’umubiri cyangwa ububabare
• Kuba mu muryango cyangwa mu muco aho ibimenyetso by’umubiri ari bwo buryo nyamukuru bwo kwerekana umunaniro

Imyaka ishobora kugira uruhare, ibimenyetso bikunze gutangira mu myaka y’ubukure. Ariko, iki kibazo gishobora kubaho mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ubuzima, cyane cyane nyuma y’ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa ibibazo by’ubuzima.

Kugira ibyago ntibivuze ko uzagira ububabare bw’umubiri. Abantu benshi bafite ibi bibazo ntibabona iki kibazo, abandi bafite ibyago bike baragira iki kibazo. Fata ibi nk’ibintu bishobora kukugiraho ingaruka, atari nk’ibintu bizakubaho mu gihe kizaza.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora kubaho kubera ububabare bw’umubiri?

Utabonye ubuvuzi bukwiye, iki kibazo gishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Impungenge zihoraho n’ibimenyetso by’umubiri bishobora gutuma habaho ikibazo gikomeye.

Ushobora guhura n’ibi bibazo mu gihe kirekire:

• Ibibazo mu mibanire y’umuryango n’inshuti zishobora kudusobanukirwa ibimenyetso byawe
• Kubura akazi kubera kujya kwa muganga kenshi cyangwa kubura akazi kubera ibimenyetso
• Ibibazo by’amafaranga kubera ibizamini byinshi by’ubuvuzi no kujya kwa muganga kenshi
• Kugira ibibazo by’ihungabana cyangwa agahinda nk’ibindi bibazo
• Kwikura mu bandi kuko wirinze ibikorwa wakundaga
• Kubura imbaraga kubera kwirinda imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Ibibazo byo kuryama bigatuma ibimenyetso by’umubiri n’ibyo mu mutwe bikomeza
• Ibyago byo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge nk’uburyo bwo guhangana

Uburyo bw’ubuvuzi burashobora rimwe na rimwe gutuma ibintu bigorana. Ushobora gukora ibizamini cyangwa ubuvuzi ukeneye, muganga agerageza gusobanura ibimenyetso byawe. Ibi bishobora kukomeza kwemera ko hari ikintu gikomeye kibayeho.

Ariko, ibi bibazo ntibibaho buri gihe. Ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubufasha, abantu benshi barwaye ububabare bw’umubiri bashobora kumenya uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibimenyetso byabo neza kandi bagasubira mu buzima bwiza.

Ese ububabare bw’umubiri bumenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya iki kibazo bikubiyemo isuzuma ryakozwe n’umuganga w’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe uzagenzura ibimenyetso byawe by’umubiri n’ibitekerezo byawe n’imyitwarire yawe ku byo. Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya iki kibazo.

Umuganga wawe azasuzumana amateka yawe y’ubuzima, harimo ibyo wavuzwe, ubuvuzi, n’ibizami byakozwe. Bashaka gusobanukirwa neza ibibazo byawe by’ubuzima n’uburyo byagize ingaruka ku buzima bwawe.

Uburyo bwo kumenya iki kibazo busanzwe bugizwe n’ibi bice:

1. Ikiganiro kirambuye ku bimenyetso byawe, igihe byatangiye, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi
2. Kumenya ibitekerezo byawe, ibyiyumvo byawe, n’imyitwarire yawe ku birebana n’ibimenyetso byawe by’umubiri
3. Kureba dosiye yawe y’ubuvuzi n’ibizamini cyangwa ubuvuzi byakozwe
4. Kumenya ibindi bibazo byo mu mutwe bishobora kuba bihari
5. Rimwe na rimwe kuganira n’umuganga wawe usanzwe kugira ngo mugikorane

Umuganga wawe azashaka ibimenyetso byihariye, nko kugira kimwe cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’umubiri bikubabaza cyane, ibitekerezo byinshi cyangwa ubwoba ku bimenyetso byawe, no kumara igihe kinini n’ingufu nyinshi utekereza ku bibazo byawe by’ubuzima.

Icyingenzi ni uko uburyo ubikiramo budahuye n’ibyo ibizamini by’ubuvuzi byerekana. Ibi ntibivuze ko ibimenyetso byawe atari byo, ahubwo ko impungenge zawe n’imyitwarire yawe ku birebana nabyo byabaye ikibazo gikomeye.

Ni iki kivura ububabare bw’umubiri?

Ubuvuzi bugamije kugufasha guhangana n’ibimenyetso by’umubiri n’uburyo ubikiramo. Intego si ukukuraho ibyiyumvo byose by’umubiri, ahubwo ni kugabanya ububabare bitera no kunoza imibereho yawe.

Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze n’imyitwarire (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) akenshi ni bwo buvuzi bwa mbere. Ubu bwoko bw’ubuvuzi bugufasha kumenya no guhindura imitekerereze yongerera ubwoba ku bimenyetso by’umubiri. Uziga ubuhanga bwo guhangana n’impungenge no kugira imibanire myiza n’umubiri wawe.

Uburyo butandukanye bw’ubuvuzi bushobora kugira akamaro:

• Ubuvuzi bwite kugira ngo hagenzurwe imitekerereze n’uburyo bwo guhangana
• Ubuhanga bushingiye ku kwiyumvisha kugufasha kureba ibimenyetso utabyitaho
• Kugenda ugaruka ku bikorwa wirinze kugira ngo wongere icyizere
• Ubuhanga bwo guhangana n’umunaniro harimo imyitozo yo kuruhuka
• Ubuvuzi bw’umuryango niba imibanire yagize ingaruka
• Imiti yo guhangana n’ihungabana cyangwa agahinda niba ibi bibazo bihari
• Kujya kenshi kwa muganga wawe usanzwe kugira ngo akurikirane ubuzima bwawe bw’umubiri

Ubuvuzi busanzwe buhoro kandi bukorwa hamwe. Umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo mushyireho intego zifatika kandi muhimbaze impinduka nto mu nzira. Abantu benshi batangira kubona impinduka mu mpungenge zabo n’imikorere ya buri munsi mu mezi make nyuma yo kuvurwa neza.

Ni ngombwa kugumana umubano n’umuganga wawe usanzwe mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi. Bashobora kugutera inkunga ku buzima bwawe bw’umubiri mugihe bashyigikira ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe.

Uburyo bwo guhangana n’ububabare bw’umubiri mu rugo

Nubwo ubuvuzi bw’umwuga ari ingenzi, hari byinshi ushobora gukora mu rugo kugira ngo ushyigikire gukira kwawe. Ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kwigenga no kugabanya uburemere bw’ibimenyetso byawe.

Gushyiraho gahunda ya buri munsi bishobora gutuma ugira imikorere myiza kandi bikagabanya ubwoba. Gerageza kugumana igihe cyo kuryama no kubyuka, ndetse no mu mpera z’icyumweru. Ibi bifasha kugenzura imiterere y’umubiri wawe kandi bishobora kunoza ibimenyetso by’umubiri n’ibyo mu mutwe.

Dore ingamba zo guhangana n’ububabare bw’umubiri mu rugo:

• Kora imyitozo yo guhumeka neza igihe ubona ubwoba buterwa n’ibimenyetso
• Kugabanya igihe umara ukoresha interineti ushaka ibimenyetso kugeza ku minota 15 ku munsi
• Kwandika ibimenyetso byawe kugira ngo umenye ibintu n’ibintu bibitera
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroheje nko kugenda cyangwa gukora imyitozo yo kwerekana, nk’uko muganga wawe abyemeje
• Kugumana ubucuti nubwo ibimenyetso bibabaza
• Gushyiraho igihe cyo guhangayikishwa n’ubuzima aho guhora utekereza ku bimenyetso
• Kwiyumvisha cyangwa gutekereza kugira ngo ugume ubaho aho guhora utekereza ku bintu bibi
• Kugira abantu bagushyigikira mu muryango cyangwa inshuti

Igihe ibimenyetso bikomeye, gerageza gukoresha uburyo bwo guhangana aho gushaka ubuvuzi ako kanya. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gukoresha ubuhanga bwo kuruhuka, guhamagara inshuti ukunda, cyangwa gukora ibikorwa bikurangaza.

Wibuke ko gukira ari inzira ifite ibyiza n’ibibi. Jya wihangana nawe ubwawe kandi wihimbaze impinduka nto, nko kumara umunsi udasuzumye ibimenyetso kuri interineti cyangwa gukora igikorwa wari wirinze.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitegura kujya kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe n’abaganga. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane igihe uganira ku bimenyetso bikomeye bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bw’umubiri n’ubwo mu mutwe.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, andika ibimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe biba, icyabikiza cyangwa kibikomeza, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Jya ugaragaza neza uburemere n’ubwinshi aho gukoresha amagambo rusange.

Zana ibi bintu by’ingenzi mu nama yawe:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose, ibinyobwa, n’imiti y’imiti ukoresha
• Igitabo cy’ibimenyetso byawe cyangwa inyandiko ku bintu wabonye
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubaza
• Amakuru ku mateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango wawe n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe
• Inyandiko z’ibizamini byakozwe cyangwa ubuvuzi bwakozwe ku bimenyetso byawe
• Urutonde rw’uburyo ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku kazi kawe, imibanire yawe, n’imirimo yawe ya buri munsi

Tekereza ku cyo wifuza kubona mu nama. Ese ushaka inkunga, uburyo bwo kuvura, cyangwa ubufasha mu guhangana n’impungenge? Kumenya neza intego zawe bishobora gufasha muganga wawe gutanga ubufasha bujyanye n’ibyo ukeneye.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu ukunda mu muryango cyangwa inshuti mu nama… Bashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byiyongereye ku buryo ibimenyetso byawe bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe kandi bagufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi mu biganiro.

Icyingenzi ku kibazo cy’ububabare bw’umubiri

Ububabare bw’umubiri ni ikibazo nyakuri cy’ubuzima gifite ingaruka zikomeye, kandi ukwiye ubuvuzi bujyanye n’ibyo ukeneye. Ibimenyetso byawe si iby’ibinyoma, kandi gushaka ubufasha ni ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari, atari intege nke.

Icyingenzi cyo gusobanukirwa ni uko iki kibazo kivurwa. Ufite ubufasha bukwiye bw’abaganga b’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe n’itsinda rya muganga wawe usanzwe, abantu benshi biga guhangana n’ibimenyetso byabo kandi bagasubira mu buzima bwiza.

Gukira akenshi bikubiyemo guhindura imibanire yawe n’ibimenyetso by’umubiri aho kubikuraho burundu. Ushobora kumenya ibimenyetso utabireka bigenzura ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ibyemezo byawe.

Kugira iki kibazo ntibivuze ko uri umuntu udakomeye cyangwa ko ibimenyetso by’umubiri bizakubaho mu gihe kizaza bigomba kwirengagizwa. Bivuze ko ukeneye uburyo buhuza ubuzima bwawe bw’umubiri n’uburyo ubikiramo.

Wibuke ko gukira bisaba igihe, kandi ko gusubira inyuma ari igice cy’inzira. Jya wihangana nawe ubwawe mugihe ukora kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho ku kibazo cy’ububabare bw’umubiri

Ese ububabare bw’umubiri bumwe n’ubwoba bw’indwara?

Oya, ni ibibazo bitandukanye, nubwo bifite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bisa. Ububabare bw’umubiri bugamije ububabare buterwa n’ibimenyetso by’umubiri ufite. Ubwoba bw’indwara, ubu bita ikibazo cyo guhangayika n’indwara, bikubiyemo gutinya kugira indwara ikomeye nubwo ufite ibimenyetso bike cyangwa nta bimenyetso na bimwe.

Ufite ububabare bw’umubiri, ufite ibyiyumvo by’umubiri by’ukuri bitera ububabare nyakuri. Impungenge zirebana n’uburyo ibi bimenyetso bikuhangayikisha kandi bikubuza gukora imirimo yawe, aho gutinya icyo bishobora kuba bisobanura.

Ese abana bashobora kugira ububabare bw’umubiri?

Yego, abana n’abangavu bashobora kugira iki kibazo, nubwo kenshi kimenyekana mu bakuru. Mu bana, kenshi kigaragara nk’ububabare bw’inda, umutwe, cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’umubiri bibabuza kujya ku ishuri cyangwa gukora ibikorwa.

Abana bashobora kutamenya uburyo bwo kwerekana impungenge zabo ku bimenyetso nk’abakuze. Bashobora kwirinda ibikorwa cyangwa bagaragaza ubwoba ku byiyumvo by’umubiri. Ubuvuzi bw’umuryango akenshi bufasha cyane abana bafite iki kibazo.

Ese nzakenera imiti yo kuvura ububabare bw’umubiri?

Imiti ntiihora ikenewe mu kuvura ububabare bw’umubiri. Abantu benshi barakira neza ubuvuzi gusa, cyane cyane ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze n’imyitwarire. Ariko, niba ufite ihungabana cyangwa agahinda, imiti ishobora kugufasha nk’igice cy’uburyo bwawe bwo kuvurwa.

Umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye niba imiti ishobora kugira akamaro bitewe n’ibimenyetso byawe n’imimerere yawe. Icyemezo gihora gifatwa ku giti cyawe kandi gishobora guhinduka uko ubuvuzi bwawe bugenda.

Ese ubuvuzi bw’ububabare bw’umubiri busaba igihe kingana gute?

Igihe cy’ubuvuzi gitandukanye bitewe n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso byawe n’igihe umaze ubifite. Abantu benshi batangira gukira mu mezi make nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi, ariko gukira burundu bisaba igihe kirekire.

Abantu benshi bagira akamaro mu mezi menshi kugeza ku mwaka w’ibyiciro by’ubuvuzi. Bamwe bashobora gukenera ubufasha igihe kirekire, abandi bakira vuba. Icyingenzi ni ugukomeza kuvurwa no kwihangana n’uburyo bwo gukira buhoro.

Ese umunaniro ushobora gutuma ububabare bw’umubiri bukomeza?

Yego, umunaniro akenshi utuma ibimenyetso by’umubiri n’ubwoba bijyanye n’iki kibazo bikomeza. Igihe uri mu munaniro, umubiri wawe utanga imisemburo myinshi y’umunaniro, bishobora kongera ibyiyumvo by’umubiri kandi bikatuma usobanukirwa ko ari ikintu kibangamira.

Kumenya ubuhanga bwo guhangana n’umunaniro ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’ubuvuzi. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imyitozo yo kuruhuka, imyitozo ngororamubiri, igihe cyiza cyo kuryama, no guhangana n’ibintu bitera umunaniro mu buzima bwawe.