Ese cyenda cya Kanseri y'uruhu (Squamous Cell Carcinoma): Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu (Squamous cell carcinoma) ni ubwoko bwa kabiri bwa kanseri y'uruhu busanzwe, bukaba buterwa n'uko utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe dutangira kwiyongera mu buryo budakwiye, akenshi bitewe no kumara igihe kinini mu zuba.

Nubwo ibi bishobora gutera ubwoba, hari amakuru meza: iyo kiyagaragaye hakiri kare, ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu kivurwa neza kandi gake cyane kikaba cyakwirakwira mu zindi ngingo z'umubiri. Ibyinshi muri byo biravurwa neza hifashishijwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura, kandi abantu benshi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu kenshi kigaragara nk'impinduka ku ruhu rwawe ushobora kubona no kumva. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya icyo ukwiye kureba kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwo kuyivura hakiri kare.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Agatsiko karaba, gafite ubusa nk'umusenyi kandi kadakira
• Ububyimba cyangwa igice cyazamutse gishobora kuba gifite umwobo hagati
• Igisigo gifunguye kivuza amaraso, kikaba umukondo, hanyuma kikongera gufunguka inshuro nyinshi
• Ububyimba bumera nk'igisebe, bukomeye iyo ubukozeho
• Agatsiko k'umutuku, kagabanuka buhoro buhoro kandi kakaba kinini uko iminsi igenda

Ibi bibyimba bikunze kugaragara mu bice byagaragaye ku zuba nko mu maso, amatwi, ijosi, iminwa, n'inyuma y'intoki. Ariko kandi, ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu gishobora kandi kuvuka ahantu hatagaragara nko mu kanwa, mu myanya ndangagitsina, cyangwa ndetse no munsi y'imisumari.

Icyatuma iyi kanseri iba ikomeye gato ni uko rimwe na rimwe ishobora kumera nk'izindi ndwara z'uruhu zitabangamira. Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi ni uko agace kadakira nk'igikomere cyangwa ikibazo gisanzwe, na nyuma y'ibyumweru byinshi byo kwitaho.

Ni ibihe binyuranye bya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Abaganga bagabanya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu mu bwoko butandukanye hashingiwe ku buryo utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe tuba duteye iyo turebwe kuri mikoroskopi n'aho duvuka. Gusobanukirwa ibi binyuranye bifasha itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ubwoko nyamukuru burimo:

• Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu isanzwe: Ubwoko busanzwe cyane, bukura buhoro kandi gake cyane kikwirakwira
• Keratoacanthoma: Ubwoko bukura vuba, bukunze kumera nk'ikirunga gifite umwobo hagati
• Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ifite utwenge duto: Ubwoko buke cyane, aho utwenge tuba duto iyo turebwe kuri mikoroskopi
• Adenosquamous carcinoma: Ubwoko buke cyane bufite ibimenyetso byombi bya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu n'utwenge duto

Hariho kandi andi moko make cyane, akomeye cyane, muganga wawe azabikubwiraho niba bikenewe. Ibyinshi muri byo ni ubwoko busanzwe, buvurwa neza iyo kiyagaragaye hakiri kare.

Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu kwipimisha, aho afata igice gito cy'umubiri kugira ngo akore isuzuma.

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu giterwa iki?

Intandaro nyamukuru ya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ni ukwangirika kwa ADN y'uruhu rwawe biterwa n'imirasire ya ultraviolet, ahanini biterwa no kumara igihe kinini mu zuba.

Dore ibyo bikunze gutera iyi kanseri:

• Kumara igihe kinini mu zuba, cyane cyane niba ukora imirimo yo hanze cyangwa uba mu turere dufite izuba ryinshi
• Amateka yo gutwikirwa cyane n'izuba, cyane cyane mu bwana no mu gihe cy'ubwangavu
• Gukoresha inzu z'izuba cyangwa amatara y'izuba buri gihe
• Uruhu rwera rutura vuba kandi rudahinduka umukara
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke biterwa n'imiti cyangwa indwara
• Kugira imiti runaka nka arsenic cyangwa coal tar
• Ubuvuzi bwakozwe hakoreshejwe imirasire
• Indwara z'uruhu zidakira cyangwa ibikomere bifunguye igihe kirekire

Bamwe mu bantu barwara ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu mu bice bitagaragara ku zuba. Muri ubwo buryo, izindi ntandaro nko guhora uhura n'ibibazo, zimwe mu ndwara, cyangwa ibibazo by'umutungo w'umuntu bishobora kugira uruhare.

Amakuru meza ni uko gusobanukirwa izi ntandaro biguha ububasha bwo kwirinda wowe n'abakunzi bawe. Imigenzo yoroshye ya buri munsi nko kwambara imiti y'izuba n'imyenda ikingira izuba bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ubona impinduka ku ruhu rwawe zikubangamiye, cyane cyane niba zitakize mu byumweru bike. Kumenya hakiri kare koko bigira uruhare mu gutsinda ubuvuzi no kugira amahoro mu mutima.

Tegura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga niba ubona:

• Ububyimba bushya cyangwa agace kagaragara kandi budakira nyuma y'ibyumweru 2-3
• Igisigo cyangwa agace gisanzwe gihinduka mu bunini, ibara, ishusho, cyangwa imiterere
• Igisigo kivuza amaraso inshuro nyinshi cyangwa kitakira neza
• Agatsiko karaba, gafite ubusa butandukanye n'uruhu rwawe rusanzwe
• Ububyimba bubabaza, buri bubabare, cyangwa butera ibibazo

Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite amateka y'ubundi bw'uruhu cyangwa niba abantu benshi bo mu muryango wawe barwaye. Muri ubwo buryo, ni byiza gukora isuzuma ry'uruhu buri gihe naho byose bigaragara neza kuri wowe.

Wibuke ko impinduka nyinshi z'uruhu zisanzwe ari nta kibazo. Ariko kubigenzura biguha amahoro mu mutima cyangwa amahirwe yo kubona ikibazo hakiri kare iyo ubuvuzi bukorwa neza.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera amahirwe yo kuyirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bigufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye zo kwirinda no kumenya igihe ukwiye kwitondera impinduka z'uruhu.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byinshi birimo:

• Uruhu rwera rutura vuba aho guhinduka umukara
• Amaso y'ubururu, icyatsi, cyangwa yera
• Imisatsi yera cyangwa itukura
• Kuba ufite imyaka irenga 50, kuko ibyangirika byiyongera uko iminsi igenda
• Kuba umugabo, bishobora kuba biterwa no gukora imirimo yo hanze cyane no kumara igihe kinini mu zuba
• Kuba mu turere dufite izuba ryinshi, ahantu hari hejuru, cyangwa mu majyepfo
• Amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'uruhu
• Amateka y'ubundi bw'uruhu cyangwa ibimenyetso bya kanseri

Zimwe mu ndwara n'ubuvuzi byongera ibyago, birimo gufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri nyuma yo kubagwa, kugira ibibazo by'umutungo w'umuntu, cyangwa kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire kubera izindi kanseri.

Niba ufite ibyago byinshi, ntukagire ubwoba. Ahubwo, koresha ubwo bumenyi kugira ngo wirinde kandi umenye hakiri kare.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu iravurwa neza nta bibazo by'igihe kirekire. Ariko rero, ni byiza gusobanukirwa icyakubaho niba iyi kanseri itabonwe kandi ikavurwa vuba.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi birimo:

• Kwihanganira mu ngingo zegereye, imikaya, cyangwa imiyoboro y'imbere niba bitavuwe
• Kugira ibibazo by'amaraso, aho utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe twerekeza mu maraso
• Kwihanganira kure, nubwo ari gake kandi bikunze kubaho gusa mu bihe bikomeye
• Kugaruka mu gice kimwe niba kitakuweho rwose
• Igisigo cyangwa impinduka mu isura biterwa n'ubuvuzi, bitewe n'aho kiri n'ubunini

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma ibibazo byiyongera, nko kuba utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe dufite ubunini burenze santimetero 2, kanseri igaragara mu gisigo cyangwa ku minwa cyangwa amatwi, n'abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke.

Abantu benshi bavurwa neza bagira ibyiza byinshi. Nubwo ibibazo byabaho, hari uburyo bwo kubigenzura ubufasha bw'abaganga bawe.

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu bishobora kwirindwa gute?

Amakuru meza ni uko ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu bishobora kwirindwa cyane hifashishijwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kwirinda buri munsi. Kubera ko kumara igihe kinini mu zuba ari byo bituma abantu benshi barwara, kurinda uruhu rwawe imirasire ya UV ni byo birinda byiza.

Dore ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda:

• Koresha imiti y'izuba ifite SPF 30 cyangwa irenga buri munsi, ndetse no ku manywa adafite izuba
• Kwambara imyenda ikingira izuba nko kwambara imyenda miremire, ipantaro, n'ingofero nini iyo uri hanze
• Kwirinda izuba mu masaha y'izuba ryinshi, akenshi hagati ya saa 10 za mugitondo na saa 16
• Kwirinda inzu z'izuba n'amatara y'izuba rwose
• Kwikorera isuzuma ry'uruhu buri kwezi kugira ngo urebe ibishya cyangwa impinduka
• Tegura gahunda yo gukora isuzuma ry'uruhu n'umuganga w'uruhu, cyane cyane niba uri mu kaga
• Kurinda uruhu rw'abana neza, kuko kwangirika kw'izuba hakiri kare byongera ibyago by'ubuzima bwose

Niba ukora imirimo yo hanze cyangwa umara igihe kinini mu zuba, tekereza kuri ibi bintu byongeyeho: imyenda ikingira izuba, zinc oxide ku bice byoroshye nko ku mazuru n'iminwa, no kuruhuka buri gihe ahantu hari igicu.

Wibuke ko nta gihe kibi cyo gutangira kurinda uruhu rwawe. Nubwo waba waramaze igihe kinini mu zuba, gufata ingamba zo kwirinda ubu bishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe mu gihe kizaza.

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu rimenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu bisanzwe bitangira harebwe amaso n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'uruhu. Bazareba neza agace keka, bakoresheje ikintu cyo kubona ibintu bitagaragara amaso.

Niba muganga wawe akekako ari kanseri, azakora isuzuma kugira ngo abone igisubizo cya nyuma. Ibi bikubiyemo kubabara agace hakoreshejwe imiti yo kubabara hanyuma bakakuraho igice gito cy'umubiri kugira ngo bakore isuzuma.

Uburyo bwo kwipimisha busanzwe burimo:

• Gusukura no kubabara agace hakoreshejwe inshinge nto
• Gukuraho umubiri hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga, kubaga, cyangwa kubaga
• Kwohereza icyitegererezo kuri pathologiste uzareba kuri mikoroskopi
• Kubona ibisubizo mu minsi mike cyangwa icyumweru kimwe

Niba hagaragaye kanseri, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibindi bipimo kugira ngo amenye niba yarakwirakwiye. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kureba amaraso cyangwa, mu bihe bike, gukora isuzuma ry'amashusho nka CT scan.

Uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bugenewe kuba bworoheye uko bishoboka kose mu gihe butanga amakuru itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rikeneye kugira ngo ritegure ubuvuzi bwiza kuri wowe.

Ni iki kivura ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Ubuvuzi bwa ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu busanzwe buroroshye kandi bugira ingaruka nziza, cyane cyane iyo iyi kanseri ibonetse hakiri kare. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza hashingiwe ku bunini, aho kiri, n'imiterere y'iyi kanseri yawe.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Kubaga: Gukuraho kanseri hamwe n'igice gito cy'umubiri muzima
• Ubuvuzi bwa Mohs: Uburyo buhanitse bukuraho kanseri buhoro buhoro mu gihe bukomeza umubiri muzima
• Curettage na electrodesiccation: Gukuraho utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe no gukoresha umuriro kugira ngo uhishe utwenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe
• Cryotherapy: Gukonjesha kanseri hakoreshejwe azote liquide ku twenge duto two mu ruhu rwawe, duto, kandi dukiri mu ntangiriro
• Ubuvuzi bwakozwe hakoreshejwe imirasire: Gukoresha imirasire yibanze, akenshi ku barwayi badashobora kubagwa

Ku bantu benshi, ubuvuzi burimo uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura butwara iminota mike. Uzabona imiti yo kubabara kugira ngo ugume utekanye, kandi ushobora gutaha uwo munsi.

Muganga wawe azakubwira icyakubereye cyiza, abanza kureba aho kanseri iri, imyaka yawe n'ubuzima bwawe, n'ibyo ukunda ku bijyanye n'igisigo n'igihe cyo gukira.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe mu gihe cyo gukira ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu

Nyuma yo kuvurwa, kwita ku gikomere neza bifasha mu gukira neza no kugira isura nziza. Abantu benshi basanga gukira biroroshye kurusha ibyo bateganyaga, cyane cyane bafite imyiteguro myiza n'ubwitaho.

Dore uko wakwitaho iwawe:

• Komeza agace kavuweho kimeze neza kandi kabyumye nk'uko muganga wawe yabikubwiye
• Koresha imiti y'amavuta cyangwa imyenda yo kubaga
• Kwirinda imirimo ikomeye ishobora kubangamira gukira mu minsi mike ya mbere
• Kurinda agace kavuweho izuba hakoreshejwe imyenda cyangwa imiti y'izuba iyo kimaze gukira
• Fata imiti yo kugabanya ububabare niba ukeneye kubabara gato
• Kureba ibimenyetso by'indwara nko kuzamuka kw'umutuku, ubushyuhe, cyangwa kuvumba

Abantu benshi bumva ububabare buke mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ushobora kubona uburibwe, ibikomere, cyangwa gufata mu gace kavuweho, ibyo ni ibisanzwe.

Ntuzuzagira ikibazo cyo kuvugana n'abaganga bawe niba ufite ibibazo ku gukira cyangwa ukabona ikintu gikubangamiye. Bashaka kugufasha mu nzira yose yo gukira.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitoza kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kugira igihe cyiza cyo kuvugana na muganga kandi bikakemura ibibazo byawe byose. Kwitoza gato bishobora kandi kugabanya impungenge ushobora kugira ku ruzinduko.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga:

• Andika igihe wabonye impinduka ku ruhu rwawe n'uko byagenze
• Andika imiti yose, imiti y'inyongera, na vitamine ufashe
• Tegura ibibazo ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura, igihe cyo gukira, n'ubuvuzi bw'inyuma
• Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa incuti kugira ngo aguhe inkunga no kugufasha kwibuka amakuru
• Kwirinda gukoresha ibirungo cyangwa amavuta ku gace ushaka ko bareba
• Kwambara imyenda ioroshye ikuyobora kugera ku gace k'uruhu ufite ikibazo

Ntuzagira ikibazo cyo kubaza ibibazo mu gihe cy'uruzinduko rwawe. Muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha gusobanukirwa uko uhagaze no kugira icyizere ku buryo bwawe bwo kuvura.

Wibuke ko ibibazo byinshi by'uruhu bisanzwe ari ibibazo bito byoroshye kuvura. Kujya kwa muganga ni intambwe nziza yo kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y'uruhu buvurwa neza iyo kiyagaragaye hakiri kare, aho abantu barenga 95% bakira. Nubwo kuvura bishobora kuguha impungenge, wibuke ko abantu benshi batsinda iyi kanseri buri mwaka kandi bakabaho ubuzima busanzwe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo kwibuka ni uko kumenya hakiri kare bituma ubuvuzi burushaho koroshye kandi bugira ingaruka nziza, kurinda izuba bishobora kwirinda ibyinshi, kandi gukora isuzuma ry'uruhu buri gihe bifasha mu kubona ibibazo iyo bikirwa.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi riri aho kugufasha mu ntambwe zose, kuva mu kuvura kugeza mu buvuzi bw'inyuma. Ntuzuzagira ikibazo cyo kubaza ibibazo, kwerekana impungenge, cyangwa gushaka ubufasha igihe ubishaka.

Gufata ingamba zo kujya kwa muganga kubera impinduka z'uruhu zikubangamiye buri gihe ni amahitamo meza. Niba ari kanseri cyangwa nta kibazo, uzagira amahoro mu mutima n'ibyiza byose bishoboka.

Ibibazo byakajya bibazwa kuri ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu

Q1. Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu gikwirakwira vuba gute?

Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ikurira buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka kandi gake cyane kikwirakwira mu zindi ngingo z'umubiri. Iyo kiyagaragaye hakiri kare, iyi kanseri isanzwe iba mu ruhu aho yatangiye. Ariko kandi, zimwe mu bwoko bukomeye zishobora gukura vuba, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kudatinda kuvura iyo kiyagaragaye.

Q2. Nzakenera chemotherapy kubera ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Abantu benshi barwaye ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ntibakenera chemotherapy. Ibyinshi muri byo biravurwa neza hifashishijwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kubaga. Chemotherapy isanzwe itekerezwaho mu bihe bike cyane aho kanseri yarakwirakwiye cyane cyangwa ku bantu badashobora kubagwa.

Q3. Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu gishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Kugaruka ni gake iyo iyi kanseri imaze gukurwaho rwose. Muganga wawe azategura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo akurikirane agace kavuweho kandi arebe impinduka z'uruhu. Abantu benshi bavurwa neza kandi bakurikiranwa ntibagarura iyi kanseri.

Q4. Ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu ni iby'umutungo w'umuntu?

Nubwo kuba ufite abantu bo mu muryango wawe barwaye kanseri y'uruhu bishobora kongera ibyago byawe gato, ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu iterwa ahanini n'ibintu byo mu kirere nko kumara igihe kinini mu zuba aho kuba iby'umutungo w'umuntu. Ariko kandi, ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'umutungo w'umuntu bishobora kongera ibyago bya kanseri y'uruhu, muganga wawe azabikubwiraho niba bikenewe.

Q5. Ni igihe kingana iki cyo gukira nyuma yo kuvurwa ese cyenda cya kanseri y'uruhu?

Igihe cyo gukira gituruka ku buryo bwo kuvura n'aho kiri, ariko abantu benshi bakira mu byumweru 2-4. Kubaga byoroshye bikunze gukira mu cyumweru 1-2, mu gihe uburyo bukomeye bushobora gutwara igihe kinini. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibyo utegereje hashingiwe ku buryo bwawe bwo kuvura, kandi abantu benshi bagaruka mu mirimo isanzwe mu minsi mike.