Ibimenyetso by’Ububyimba Bukangwa mu Matama, Impamvu zabyo, n’Uko Bivurwa

Ububyimba bukangwa mu matama ni ubusembwa ubwo aribwo bwose bushya cyangwa budasanzwe mu mubiri w’amatama bugomba gusuzuma muganga kugira ngo amenye niba ari uburwayi budakabije cyangwa bushobora kuba kanseri. Ububyimba bwinshi mu matama busanga atari bibi, ariko kubyitaho vuba bituma umutima wawe uhumura kandi uba muzima.

Gusanga hari ububyimbw mu matama bishobora gutera ubwoba, kandi ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Umubiri wawe uba ufite imiterere n’uburyo butandukanye bw’umubiri w’amatama, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imihango. Ariko rero, iyo hari ikintu kimeze kitari kimwe n’uko umubiri w’amatama wawe usanzwe umeze, birakwiye ko muganga akireba.

Ibimenyetso by’Ububyimba Bukangwa mu Matama ni ibihe?

Ububyimba bukangwa mu matama ni ubusembwa bufite ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bituma abaganga bashaka kubukurikirana. Ubu bubyimba bushobora kumera nk’ubukomeye, bugira ishusho idasanzwe, cyangwa bukaba bufite aho buhuriye n’imiterere y’ibindi bice aho kuba butembera uko bishakiye.

Ariko si ububyimbw bwose mu matama ari ububangwa. Ububyimba bwinshi ni uburwayi budakabije nka kiste yuzuye amazi cyangwa fibroadenoma, ari zo zikomeye ariko atari kanseri. Itandukaniro nyamukuru riri mu bimenyetso byihariye abaganga bareba mu gihe cy’isuzuma.

Icyatuma ububyimbw buhita bwitwa “ubukangwa” harimo ibintu nko kumera kwabwo, aho buherereye, niba buhinduka uko igihe gihita. Muganga azaba azi imyaka yawe, amateka y’umuryango wawe, n’izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyago mu gihe asuzuma impinduka zose mu matama wawe wabonye.

Ibimenyetso by’Ububyimba Bukangwa mu Matama ni ibihe?

Ububyimba bukangwa mu matama bugira ibimenyetso byihariye bibutandukanya n’umubiri usanzwe w’amatama cyangwa ububyimbw budakabije. Dore ibyo ushobora kubona bikakwereka ko ugomba kujya kwa muganga:

• Igisebe gikomeye, kidakurura, kigaragara kitandukanye n’imiterere y’ingingo zikikije
• Ibisobe by’impera zidafatika cyangwa zifite imiterere idahwitse aho kuba imiterere myiza, yuzuye
• Ibisobe byumvikana bifatanye cyane n’umutsi w’ibere cyangwa uruhu
• Ibisobe bishya bikomeza kubaho mu gihe cyose cy’imihango yawe
• Ibisobe bifatanije n’impinduka z’uruhu nko gucika cyangwa kubyimba
• Imikaya y’ibere igahita iba ikomeye cyangwa iremererwa mu gice kimwe
• Ibisobe bikomeza gukura uko igihe gihita

Uretse igisebe ubwayo, ushobora kubona izindi mpinduka zerekana ko ukeneye gusuzuma. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo amazi ava mu ibere ari amaraso cyangwa meza, impinduka mu bunini cyangwa ishusho y’ibere, cyangwa uruhu rumeze nk’urw’imyembe.

Kumbuka ko imikaya y’ibere ihinduka uko imihango yawe ihinduka bitewe n’imisemburo. Ariko kandi, ibisobe bikomeza kubaho nyuma y’iminsi y’imihango bikwiye kwitabwaho n’abaganga, cyane cyane niba bitandukanye n’imiterere isanzwe y’ibere.

Ni izihe mpande z’ibisebe by’ibere bishidikanywaho?

Abaganga bagabanya ibisobe by’ibere bishidikanywaho bashingiye ku buryo bigaragara n’uburyo bishobora kuba kanseri. Gusobanukirwa ibyiciro nk’ibi bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibibazo ugomba kubaza muganga wawe.

Ibisobe bikomeye bigaragaza ubwoko bumwe bw’igisebe gishidikanywaho. Ibi byumvikana bikomeye kandi ntibyimuka byoroshye iyo ubishyizeho. Bishobora kuba fibroadenomas nzima cyangwa ibibyimba bishobora kuba kanseri, niyo mpamvu bikeneye isuzuma binyuze mu buryo bwo kubona amashusho rimwe na rimwe no gusuzuma.

Uduce dukomereye tugize ikindi kiciro gikenewe kwitabwaho. Bitandukanye n’udusebe twuzuye amazi tworoshye kandi twiza, uduce dukomereye dufite inkuta zikomeye cyangwa ibice bikomeye bivanze n’amazi. Ibi bituma bikwiye gukorwaho iperereza kugira ngo habeho gukuraho impinduka zose ziteye impungenge.

Urukurikirane rw’amabuye y’umucanga agaragara kuri mammogram nk’ibice bito byera byibumbiye hamwe. Nubwo amabuye menshi y’umucanga adakora ikibi, imikorere cyangwa imiterere imwe n’imwe ishobora kugaragaza impinduka z’uturemangingo zikenewe iperereza ryimbitse binyuze mu bundi buryo bwo kubona amashusho cyangwa gufata ibice by’umubiri.

Ni iki giteza ibintu bishidikanywaho mu mabere?

Ibintu bishidikanywaho mu mabere bigaragara iyo uturemangingo mu mubiri w’amabere dutangiye gukura nabi cyangwa iyo imyanya y’umubiri isanzwe ihinduka mu buryo butera impungenge. Impamvu nyamukuru z’izi mpinduka zikunze kuba harimo uruhurirane rw’ibintu by’umurage, imisemburo, n’ibidukikije.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iterambere ry’ibintu bishidikanywaho:

• Impinduka mu mbaraga z’umurage zigira ingaruka ku gukumira gukura kw’uturemangingo, cyane cyane imisemburo ya BRCA1 na BRCA2
• Ingaruka z’imisemburo ya estrogen na progesterone mu myaka myinshi
• Impinduka z’uturemangingo zijyanye n’imyaka zibaho uko umubiri w’amabere uhinduka
• Kuba warashyizweho imirasire mu gice cy’ibere
• Imiti imwe nka hormone replacement therapy
• Imibereho irimo kunywa inzoga no kutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, icyagaragara nk’ikintu gishidikanywaho gishobora kuba ibintu bidakora ikibi bikurikira ibibazo bikomeye. Indwara, imvune mu mabere, cyangwa imikurire yihuta y’ibintu bidakora ikibi bishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera ibintu bigaragara nk’ibiteye impungenge ariko bigaragara ko bidakora ikibi.

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzagira ibintu bishidikanywaho. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi ntibagira ibibazo by’amabere, mu gihe abandi bafite ibyago bike bashobora kugira ibintu bikenewe gusuzuma.

Iyo ukwiye kubona muganga kubintu bishidikanywaho mu mabere?

Wagomba kuvugana n’abaganga bawe vuba bishoboka iyo ubona ikintu gishya cyangwa impinduka mu mubiri w’amabere yawe. Gusuzuma hakiri kare biguha amahirwe meza yo kuvurwa neza niba hari ikintu kigaragara, kandi biguha amahoro yo mu mutima niba ikintu kigaragara ko kidakora ikibi.

Ntugate gutegereza kureba niba igisebe cyakira cyonyine, cyane cyane niba gikomeza kubaho mu gihe cyose cy’imihango. Nubwo impinduka nyinshi z’amabere zifitanye isano n’ihinduka ry’imisemburo isanzwe, ibisebe bishya bikomeza kubaho bikeneye isuzuma ry’umwuga kugira ngo bimenyekane.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ubona ibimenyetso byihutirwa biri kumwe n’igisebe cy’amabere: uruhu rutukura, rushyuha, cyangwa rwibyimba; ifu y’ibere irimo amaraso; impinduka zitunguranye mu bunini cyangwa ishusho y’amabere; cyangwa ibisebe bisa nkaho bikura vuba mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru.

Wibuke ko gusanga igisebe ntibivuze ko ufite kanseri. Ibisebe byinshi by’amabere ni intungane, ariko kubisuzuma vuba bifasha gufata ibibazo byose hakiri kare iyo kuvura ari byo bifite akamaro cyane. Muganga wawe arashobora kukuyobora muri uwo mukwabu kandi akakubwira ibibazo byawe byihariye.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago by’ibisebe by’amabere bishidikanywaho?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira ibisebe by’amabere bishidikanywaho, nubwo kugira ibyo bintu byongera ibyago bitavuze ko uzagira ibibazo. Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bwite bigufasha guhora witonze ku buzima bw’amabere kandi ugafata ibyemezo byuzuye ku bipimo.

Dore ibintu by’ingenzi byongera ibyago abaganga bitaho:

• Imyaka irenga 50, iyo impinduka z’umubiri w’amabere ziba nyinshi
• Amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri y’amabere cyangwa ya ovaire, cyane cyane mu muryango wa hafi
• Amateka bwite y’ibibazo by’amabere cyangwa ubusanzwe gufata ibice by’amabere
• Impinduka za genetike nka BRCA1, BRCA2, cyangwa izindi ndwara za kanseri zirakomoka
• Imihango ya mbere mbere y’imyaka 12 cyangwa menopause nyuma y’imyaka 55
• Kutarera abana cyangwa kubyara umwana wa mbere nyuma y’imyaka 30
• Gukoresha imiti igabanya imisemburo igihe kirekire
• Ukwandura imirasire mu gice cy’ibere
• Uruhu rw’amabere rwuzuye nk’uko bigaragazwa na mammograms

Bimwe mu bintu biterwa n’impanuka bitoroshye birimo ibibazo by’imiterere y’umubiri nk’indwara ya Li-Fraumeni cyangwa Cowden, bizamura cyane ibyago byo kurwara kanseri mu bice byinshi by’umubiri. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango akomeye y’uburwayi bwa kanseri zitandukanye, inama y’abaganga b’abahanga mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ishobora kugufasha gusuzuma neza ibyago byawe.

Ibintu bijyanye n’imibereho myiza bigira uruhare, nubwo ingaruka zabyo muri rusange ari nto ugereranyije n’iby’imiterere y’umubiri n’imisemburo. Kunywa inzoga buri gihe, kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kuba ufite ibiro birenze urugero nyuma y’igihe cy’uburumbuke bishobora kongera gato ibyago byo kurwara ibibazo by’amabere.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka z’ibibazo by’amabere bidasanzwe?

Ikibazo gikomeye ku bibazo by’amabere bidasanzwe ni uko bishobora kuba kanseri, niyo mpamvu gusuzuma hakiri kare ari ingenzi cyane. Iyo kanseri y’amabere ifashwe hakiri kare, ifite umusaruro mwiza mu kuvurwa, ariko gutinda kuvura bishobora gutuma ibibazo bikomeza.

Niba ikibazo kidasanzwe kigaragara ko ari kanseri mbi, hari ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kuvuka hatabayeho kuvurwa neza:

• Kwihuta kw’indwara mu mitsi ya lymph hafi y’umubiri, mu gituza, cyangwa mu gice cy’ijosi
• Ukwaguka kw’indwara kugira ingaruka ku ruhu, bigatera ibibazo, gucika, cyangwa kubora
• Kwinjira mu mitsi y’igituza cyangwa mu mifuru y’amagufwa
• Kwihuta kw’indwara mu zindi nzego z’umubiri nka amagufwa, umwijima, ibihaha, cyangwa ubwonko
• Kuvuka kw’ibindi bintu by’indwara mu gitereko kimwe cyangwa ikindi

Ndetse n’ibibazo bitari kanseri bishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera ingaruka niba bikura bikaba binini. Fibroadenomas nini zishobora gutera kutangana kw’amabere cyangwa kubabara, mu gihe iminkanyari ikomeye ishobora kwandura cyangwa gutera ububabare niba ibaye.

Ingaruka zo mu mutwe zo kubona ikibazo kidasanzwe ntizigomba kwirengagizwa. Ubwoba n’impungenge ni ibisanzwe, kandi ibyo byiyumvo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi n’imibanire yawe. Kugira abantu bagufasha no gukorana n’abaganga bavuga neza bishobora kugufasha guhangana n’ibyo bibazo byo mu mutwe.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, uburyo bwo gukuramo igice cyo kubuzwa kugira ngo gipimwe (biopsy) ubwawo bushobora gutera ingaruka nke nko kuva amaraso, kwandura, cyangwa impinduka z’igihe gito mu buryo bwo kumva mu gituza. Ariko, ibyo bibazo muri rusange biba bike cyane kandi bigaragazwa n’akamaro ko kubona isuzuma rihamye.

Uko wakwirinda ibintu bimeze nk’ibibyimba mu gituza

N’ubwo utazibuza ibintu byose bimeze nk’ibibyimba mu gituza kudakurikira, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago byabyo no kubona ibibazo byose hakiri kare. Kwiringira ko bitazabaho byibanda ku migenzereze myiza y’ubuzima no kwitondera impinduka mu mubiri w’igituza.

Kwisuzumisha buri gihe bigufasha kumenya uko igituza cyawe gisanzwe kimeze, bigatuma byoroshye kubona igihe hari icyahindutse. Kora ibyo bisuzumwa buri kwezi, byaba byiza nyuma y’iminsi mike igihe cy’ukwezi kiranze kuko ubwo ni bwo umubiri w’igituza uba utararemereye kandi utaribwe.

Impinduka mu mibereho zishobora kugabanya ibyago birimo:

• Kugira ibiro bikwiye binyuze mu mirire yuzuye n’imyitozo ngororamubiri ya buri gihe
• Kugabanya kunywa inzoga ku kinyobwa kimwe gusa ku munsi
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminota 150 y’imyitozo yo hagati mu cyumweru
• Konsa abana bawe niba bishoboka, kuko bitanga akamaro ko kurinda
• Kuganira n’umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no gusimbuza imisemburo
• Kwirinda gukoresha imirasire ya radiologique idakenewe

Ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi by’indwara zikomoka ku muryango, ingamba zo kwirinda zishobora kuba harimo isuzuma rikomeye rikoresheje MRI uhereye ku bipimo bya mammogram, cyangwa n’ubuganga bwo kwirinda mu bihe bikomeye. Inama ku bijyanye n’indwara zikomoka ku muryango irashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibyo amahitamo niba ufite amateka y’umuryango akomeye.

Wibuke ko kwirinda atari uburyo buhamye, kandi ibintu byinshi bimeze nk’ibibyimba mu gituza bikura nubwo ufite imibereho myiza. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukoresha hamwe ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago hamwe no gusuzuma buri gihe no kwita ku mpinduka zose mu gituza ubonye.

Uko ibintu bimeze nk’ibibyimba mu gituza bisuzumwa

Kumenya ibibyimba bishidikanywaho mu mabere bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi zifasha muganga wawe kumenya neza ubwoko bwibyimba ufite nibiba bikeneye kuvurwa. Uburyo busanzwe butangira kubigenzura, hanyuma bugakomeza ku bipimo byamabara kandi bishoboka ko bigatwara ibice byumubiri.

Muganga wawe azatangira akeneye gusuzuma amabere, akareba ibibyimba, akareba imiyoboro y'amaraso, kandi akareba impinduka ziboneka ku ruhu rw'amabere yawe cyangwa ishusho yayo. Azakubaza ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe, amateka y'umuryango wawe, n'imiti ukoresha ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubiri w'amabere.

Isuzuma ry'amashusho ritanga amashusho arambuye y'umubiri w'amabere yawe kandi rifasha kumenya ibibyimba byabonetse mu isuzuma:

• Mammography ikoresha X-rays zifite ingufu nke kugirango ikore amashusho arambuye y'amabere
• Ultrasound y'amabere ikoresha amasese y'amajwi kugirango itandukanye ibibyimba bikomeye n'ibyimba byuzuyemo amazi
• MRI itanga amashusho arambuye cyane ikoresheje uburyo bwa magnétique n'ibara ry'umwimerere
• Tomosynthesis ikora amashusho ya mammogram 3D kugirango iboneke neza ibibyimba

Niba isuzuma ry'amashusho ryerekana ibintu biteye impungenge, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba biopsy kugirango asuzume ibice by'umubiri munsi ya microscope. Core needle biopsy ni uburyo busanzwe, ikoresha umugozi mwinshi kugirango ukureho ibice bito by'umubiri mu gihe uri maso ufite anesthésie y'aho.

Mu bihe bitoroshye aho biopsy y'umugozi idashoboka cyangwa itatanga ibisubizo bisobanutse, biopsy ya chirugical ishobora kuba ikenewe. Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho igice cyose cy'igice cyangwa igice kinini cy'umubiri mu buryo bwo hanze bw'indwara munsi y'anesthésie y'aho cyangwa rusange.

Uburyo bwose bwo kuvura busanzwe buramara ibyumweru bike kuva ku isuzuma rya mbere kugeza ku bisubizo byanyuma. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izakuyobora muri buri ntambwe kandi ikakubwira icyo witeze mu nzira.

Ni ikihe kivuriro cy'ibibyimba bishidikanywaho mu mabere?

Ubuvuzi bw’ibibyimba bishidikanywaho mu gituza biterwa n’ibyo ibizamini byo kubimenya bigaragaza ku birebana n’imiterere yacyo. Niba icyo kibyimba kigaragara ko kitari kanseri, ushobora kutakeneye ubuvuzi uretse gukurikiranwa buri gihe kugira ngo urebe ko kitahinduka uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Ku bibyimba bitari kanseri bitera ububabare cyangwa impungenge, uburyo bwo kubuvura bushobora kuba:

• Kubukuraho niba ari kinini cyangwa kibangamira
• Gucukura amazi mu myanya y’amashyira y’imikaya itera ububabare
• Imiti yo kugabanya ububabare cyangwa ingaruka z’imisemburo
• Gukurikirana buri gihe hakoreshejwe amashusho kugira ngo harebwe impinduka

Niba icyo kibyimba kigaragara ko ari kanseri, gahunda yanyu yo kuvurwa izahujwe n’ubwoko n’icyiciro cya kanseri yabonetse. Itsinda ryanyu ry’abaganga bazita ku kanseri rizatekereza ku bintu nko bunini bw’ibibyimba, uko imisemburo ikora, niba kanseri yageze mu mitsi.

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri busanzwe bukoresha uburyo butandukanye nko kubaga kugira ngo hakureho ibibyimba, chemotherapy yo kwica uturemangingo twa kanseri mu mubiri wose, radiotherapy yo gukuraho utwenge twa kanseri dushigahe mu gituza, na hormone therapy niba kanseri yawe ishobora kuvurwa na hormone.

Ubuvuzi bushya buriho kuri zimwe mu bwoko bwa kanseri y’ibituza bufite imico idasanzwe ya gene. Aya miti akora bitandukanye na chemotherapy isanzwe kandi akenshi agira ingaruka nke mubihe byo kubuvura ariko akaba afite ingaruka nyinshi.

Mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi, uzakorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga batandukanye rishobora kuba ririmo ababagisha, abaganga b’indwara z’umutima, abaganga b’ubuvuzi bwo kuvura kanseri, abaforomo, n’abakozi b’imibereho bafasha abantu mu gihe cyo kuvurwa kanseri.

Nigute wakwita ku bibyimba bishidikanywaho mu gituza iwawe?

Mu gihe utegereje isuzuma rya muganga cyangwa mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora iwawe kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare kandi ushyigikire imibereho yawe muri rusange. Ariko kandi, kwita ku buzima iwawe ntibikwiye gusimbura isuzuma n’ubuvuzi bya muganga.

Kubw’ibyishimo by’umubiri, ushobora kugerageza kwambara isutiye ikwiranye neza kandi ikwemerera kugenda neza idakanda ahari ikibyimba. Bamwe basanga gushyiraho ibintu bishyushye cyangwa bibyibushye bifasha mu kubabara, nubwo ukwiye kubaza muganga wawe ubushyuhe bukwiriye uko uhagaze.

Kwita ku guhangayika no kwiheba ni ingenzi muri iki gihe:

• Kora imyitozo yo guhumeka cyane cyangwa gukora meditation kugira ngo ugume utuje
• Komeza gahunda yawe ya buri munsi uko bishoboka kose
• Vugana n’inshuti zawe cyangwa abo mu muryango wizeye ku bibazo byawe
• Kigira gushakisha amakuru kuri internet, bishobora kongera guhangayika kubera amakuru ateye ubwoba
• Tegereza kwinjira mu itsinda rishinzwe gufasha abafite ibibazo by’amabere
• Fata umwanya wo gukora ibintu bikunezeza kandi bikuruhura

Komeza kwita ku mpinduka zose mu bunini, ishusho, cyangwa ibimenyetso bijyana n’ikibyimba cyawe. Andika ibibazo uko bigushikiye kugira ngo ubisobanurire umuganga wawe mu nama yanyu itaha.

Komeza imyifatire myiza nko kurya ibiryo biringaniye, gusinzira bihagije, no kuguma ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri uko imbaraga zawe zibikwemerera. Ibyo bikorwa bishyigikira ubudahangarwa bwawe n’ubuhangane muri rusange mu gihe cy’umunsi udasanzwe.

Gucunga Ububi

Niba ikibyimba cyawe gikubabaza, imiti igabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka nka ibuprofen cyangwa acetaminophen bishobora kugufasha. Ariko rero, banza ubanze ubaze muganga wawe mbere yo gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose, cyane cyane niba utegereje kubagwa cyangwa umaze gufata imiti indi.

Bamwe basanga kugabanya kunywa ikawa bifasha mu kubabara amabere, nubwo ibimenyetso by’ubushakashatsi kuri ibi ari bike. Gukora massage yoroheje hafi y’aho bishobora gutera ihumure, ariko wirinda gukanda ikibyimba ubwayo.

Wategura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura neza uruzinduko kwa muganga bifasha guhamya ko ubonye isuzuma ricukumbuye kandi amakuru yumvikana neza yerekeye umunyege uri mu gituza cyawe. Gutegura neza kandi bigufasha kumva ufite icyizere kandi ugenzura ibyo bishobora kuba igihe cy’impungenge.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, andika igihe wabonye bwa mbere umunyege n’impinduka wigeze kubona kuva icyo gihe. Bandika amakuru nka kuba ubona ububabare, niba isa n’ihinduka ukurikije igihe cyawe cy’ukwezi, n’izindi mpinduka zose mu gituza wigeze kubona.

Komereza amakuru akenewe kugira ngo uyatangire muganga wawe:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti ukoresha ubu, harimo n’imiti y’ubuzima bw’imyororokere n’ibindi byongerwamo
• Amateka y’indwara z’igituza, amagi, cyangwa izindi kanseri mu muryango wawe
• Amateka yawe y’imihango, harimo n’imyaka wabonye imihango ya mbere n’igihe wavuye mu mihango
• Ibibazo byabanje mu gituza, ibipimo byafashwe, cyangwa ibizamini byafashwe
• Amateka y’inda n’iyo konsa
• Ikoreshwa ry’imiti igabanya imisemburo mbere

Tegura urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo bijyanye n’ibizamini uzakenera, igihe bizatwara kugira ngo ibisubizo biboneke, icyo ibisubizo bitandukanye bisobanura, n’icyo ukwiye kwitondera mu gihe utegereje ibisubizo.

Ku isuzuma ngaruka, bambara imyenda igizwe n’ibice bibiri kugira ngo ubashe kwambara uko ushaka kuva ku kiuno hejuru. Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo aguhe inkunga yo mu mutima no kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye yavuzwe mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Tegura gahunda y’uruzinduko rwawe mu cyumweru nyuma y’iminsi yawe y’imihango niba ukiri mu mihango. Iki gihe gitera isuzuma ngaruka koroshye kandi ricukumbuye kuko umubiri w’igituza uba utararemereye kandi utaribwo.

Ni iki gikuru cyo kwibuka ku birebana n’umunyege ukekwa mu gituza?

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ku birebana n’ibibyimba bishidikanywaho mu mabere ni uko kubibona bitavuze ko ufite kanseri, ahubwo bivuze ko ukeneye kwipimisha vuba. Ibibyimba byinshi byo mu mabere bigaragara ko atari kanseri, kandi nubwo ibibyimba ari kanseri, kubimenya hakiri kare bituma ubuvuzi bugira umusaruro mwinshi.

Ntukareke ubwoba bugubuze gushaka ubuvuzi. Abaganga b’inzobere bafite ubunararibonye mu gusuzuma ibibyimba byo mu mabere kandi basobanukiwe imihangayiko bitera. Bafite ibikoresho byo kugufasha mu nzira yo gupima bafite impuhwe n’ubuhanga.

Komeza kwita ku buzima bw’amabere yawe ukora isuzuma ry’ukuntu ameze, ukomeza gukurikiza ibizamini byo gupima amabere bisabwa, kandi ubwira umuganga wawe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose habaye impinduka. Uburyo bwawe bwo kwitonda no guhita ufata ingamba ni byo bikoresho byiza byo kubungabunga ubuzima bw’amabere.

Wibuke ko nturi wenyine muri iri huriro. Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni basanga ibibyimba mu mabere buri mwaka, kandi iterambere mu buvuzi ryatumye isuzuma n’ubuvuzi bikora neza kandi bikaba bitagikora cyane nk’uko byahoze. Izera itsinda ry’abaganga bawe kandi wibande ku gukora ibintu intambwe ku yindi.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku birebana n’ibibyimba bishidikanywaho mu mabere

Nakwimenya nte niba igibyimba cyo mu mabere ari kanseri gusa nkimara kukibabaza?

Ntushobora kumenya neza niba igibyimba cyo mu mabere ari kanseri gusa nkimara kukibabaza, niyo mpamvu gusuzuma kwa muganga ari ingenzi. Ariko kandi, imico imwe nko gukomera, ishusho idahwitse, no kutabasha kwimuka bishobora gutuma igibyimba kiba kishidikanywaho kandi bikaba bikenewe ko hafatwa ingamba vuba.

Ndetse n’abaganga bafite ubunararibonye ntibashobora kuvura kanseri gusa binyuze mu isuzuma ry’umubiri. Bishingira ku buryo bwo kubona amashusho no gupima imiterere y’umubiri kugira ngo bagire ubumenyi buhamye, nuko rero ntukagerageze kwivura wenyine ukurikije uko igibyimba kimeze.

Ndagomba guhangayika niba igibyimba cyo mu mabere cyanjye kimutwa iyo ngikoraho?

Ububyimba bwikora neza iyo ubikozeho busanzwe butera impungenge nke ugereranyije n’ububyimbi buhagaze, ariko bukenewe gusuzuma kwa muganga. Ububyimba bujyenda busanzwe ari indwara zidafite akaga nka fibroadenoma cyangwa imikaya, ariko gupima neza ni byo bishobora kwemeza imiterere yabyo.

Ntukavuge ko ububyimbi bujyenda ari nta cyo buvuze. Ububyimbi bushya cyangwa buhoraho mu gituza bugomba gusuzuma umuganga utabarira uko bumva cyangwa uko bikora iyo ubikozeho.

Ese ububyimbi mu gituza bushobora kuza no kugenda bitewe n’imihango yanjye?

Yego, ububyimbi bumwe mu gituza n’ibice byuzuye bishobora guhinduka bitewe n’imihango yawe kubera ihinduka ry’imisemburo. Izi mpinduka zikunze kuba zijyanye n’umubiri w’igituza usanzwe usubiza urwego rw’estrogen na progesterone mu gihe cy’imihango yawe.

Ariko kandi, ububyimbi buhoraho nyuma y’iminsi y’imihango yawe cyangwa ububyimbi bushya butasa n’ubujyanye n’imihango yawe bugomba gusuzuma muganga. Kora urutonde rw’ububyimbi ubona n’uko buhinduka mu gihe cy’imihango yawe yose.

Ni iki kibaho niba biopsy y’ububyimbi bwanjye mu gituza igaragaza utunyangingo tudasanzwe?

Utunyangingo tudasanzwe muri biopsy y’igituza bisobanura ko utwo tunyangingo tugaragara tudasanzwe kuri microscope ariko ntabwo ari kanseri. Iyi nshingano isaba gukurikirana hafi cyane hamwe no kureba kenshi cyangwa rimwe na rimwe gufata ibice by’umubiri byongeye kugira ngo tubone ishusho isobanutse.

Kugira utunyangingo tudasanzwe ntibivuze ko ufite kanseri, ariko byongera gato ibyago byawe kandi bivuze ko muganga wawe azakukurikirana hafi. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakubwira neza icyo ibisubizo byawe byihariye bisobanura kandi ikugire inama y’ubuvuzi bw’inyongera bukwiye.

Ese umunaniro cyangwa trauma bishobora gutera ububyimbi mu gituza bukeka?

Trauma yo mu mubiri mu gituza rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ububyimbi kubera kuva amaraso, kubabara, cyangwa gukora umunofu. Ubu bubyimbi buterwa na trauma rimwe na rimwe bushobora kugaragara nk’ubukeka ku mashusho kandi bishobora kuba bikenewe biopsy kugira ngo bitandukanywe n’ubundi bwoko bw’ububyimbi.

Umuvuduko w’amarangamutima wenyine ntabwo utera ibintu mu mabere, ariko ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mporokari z’imisemburo yawe kandi bikaba byakugiraho ingaruka mu buryo bwo kumenya impinduka zisanzwe mu mubiri w’amabere. Uko icyateye ikibazo cyaba kiri cyose, ibintu bishya bigaragaye mu mabere bigomba gukorwaho isuzuma rya muganga.