Ese Cancer y'Igisabo? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Cancer y'igisabo ibaho iyo uturemangingo mu gisabo kimwe cyangwa mu byombi bitangiye gukura birenze urugero. Nubwo kumva ijambo "cancer" bishobora gutera ubwoba, cancer y'igisabo ni imwe mu mibare yavuzwe neza ya cancer, cyane cyane iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare.

Ubu bwoko bwa cancer bugira ingaruka cyane ku bagabo bakiri bato, cyane cyane bari hagati y'imyaka 15 na 35. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubu buryo bwo kuvura buhari ubu, igipimo cyo gukira kiri hejuru cyane. Abagabo benshi barwara cancer y'igisabo bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza.

Ese cancer y'igisabo ni iki?

Cancer y'igisabo itera iyo uturemangingo dusanzwe mu gisabo bitangiye guhinduka no kwiyongera mu buryo butagira imipaka. Igisabo ni ingingo ebyiri nto, zimeze nk'igiyiko, ziba mu gice cyo hasi, munsi y'igitsina.

Izi ngingo zifite inshingano ikomeye - zikora intanga ngabo na testosterone, imisemburo y'abagabo. Iyo cancer ibaye hano, isanzwe itangirira mu turemangingo dukora intanga ngabo, twitwa uturemangingo tw'intanga.

Cancer isanzwe itangira nk'igituntu gito cyangwa agace gakomeye mu gisabo kimwe. Nubwo ibi bishobora gutera ubwoba, cancer y'igisabo isubiza neza cyane ku buvuzi, igipimo cyo gukira kirenga 95% iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya cancer y'igisabo?

Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi ni igituntu cyangwa kubyimba mu gisabo kimwe bitatera ububabare. Ushobora kubimenya mu gihe woga cyangwa wiyambika - akenshi yumvikana nk'akantu gato, gakomeye nk'ingano.

Reka turebe ibimenyetso ukwiye kwitondera, tuzirikana ko byinshi muri ibi bishobora kuba bifite izindi ntandaro:

• Igituntu cyangwa kubyimba mu gisabo kimwe kitatera ububabare
• Kumva ibintu biremereye mu gice cyo hasi
• Kubabara gato mu nda yo hasi cyangwa mu kibuno
• Kuvumba amazi mu gice cyo hasi mu buryo butunguranye
• Kubabara cyangwa kutumva neza mu gisabo cyangwa mu gice cyo hasi
• Kubyimbagira cyangwa kubabara kw'amabere
• Kubabara mu mugongo (niba cancer imaze gukwirakwira)

Ni byiza kumenya ko cancer y'igisabo idatera ububabare bukabije mu ntangiriro. Abagabo benshi bavuga ko bumva ububabare buke cyangwa ibintu biremereye aho kuba ububabare bukabije.

Bamwe mu bagabo bagira n'impinduka mu gice cy'ibere, nko kubyimbagira cyangwa kubabara. Ibi bibaho kuko bimwe mu bwoko bwa cancer y'igisabo bishobora gukora imisemburo igira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri.

Ni ibihe bwoko bya cancer y'igisabo?

Hariho ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bwa cancer y'igisabo, kandi kumenya ubwoko ufite bifasha muganga wawe gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ubu bwoko bwombi buravurwa neza, ariko bugira imikorere itandukanye gato.

Ubwoko bwa mbere bwitwa seminoma, busanzwe bukura buhoro kandi busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku bagabo bari mu myaka 30 na 40. Iyi cancer irashobora kuvurwa neza cyane na radiotherapy, ibituma byoroshye kuyivura mu bihe byinshi.

Ubwoko bwa kabiri ni non-seminoma, burimo ubwoko butandukanye kandi busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku bagabo bakiri bato bari mu myaka y'ubwangavu, 20, na 30. Iyi cancer ikura vuba kurusha seminoma ariko isubiza neza cyane kuri chemotherapy.

Rimwe na rimwe, igituntu gishobora kuba gifite ubu bwoko bwombi bw'uturemangingo, abaganga bakabyita mixed germ cell tumor. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izamenya neza ubwoko ufite binyuze mu bipimo byimbitse, kuko ibi bigira uruhare mu igenamigambi ryawe ryo kuvura.

Ese cancer y'igisabo iterwa n'iki?

Intandaro nyayo ya cancer y'igisabo ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago. Imibare myinshi itera nta mpamvu isobanutse, bityo ni ngombwa kudatira ubwawe niba ufite iyi ndwara.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera cancer y'igisabo:

• Igisabo kitamanutse (cryptorchidism) - iyo gisabo kimwe cyangwa byombi bitamanuka mu gice cyo hasi mbere y'uko umwana avuka
• Amateka y'umuryango wa cancer y'igisabo
• Cancer y'igisabo yabayeho mbere mu kindi gisabo
• Gutera kw'igisabo kutanoze
• Klinefelter syndrome (indwara y'impyiko)
• Dukuriye virusi itera SIDA
• Ubwoko n'akarere (busanzwe bugaragara cyane mu bagabo b'abazungu)

Kugira igisabo kitamanutse ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kizwi cyane cyongera ibyago. Nubwo habayeho kubaga kugira ngo igisabo rimanuke aho gikwiye, ibyago bikomeza kuba hejuru ugereranyije n'ibisanzwe.

Ni ngombwa kumva ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzabona cancer. Abagabo benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona cancer, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bizwi bayibona.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibibazo by'igisabo?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ubona impinduka zidasanzwe mu gisabo cyawe, nubwo zitatera ububabare. Kumenya hakiri kare bituma kuvura kuba ingirakamaro kandi kudakomeye.

Tegura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga niba ufite impinduka zikomeza ibyumweru birenga bibiri. Ntugatege amatwi ibimenyetso bikomeza cyangwa bikaba bibabaza - cancer y'igisabo akenshi ntitera ububabare bukomeye mu ntangiriro.

Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubona igituntu gikomeye, kubyimba bidashira, cyangwa ikintu cyose kitumva neza mu gisabo cyawe cyangwa mu gice cyo hasi. Nanone, hamagara niba ufite ububabare bukabije mu gisabo cyawe, kuko bishobora kugaragaza izindi ndwara zihutirwa.

Ibuka ko ibituntu byinshi n'impinduka mu gisabo atari cancer. Ibintu nko kwandura, imyanda, cyangwa imvune bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi. Ariko, umuganga gusa ni we ushobora gusuzuma neza izi mpinduka no gutanga amahoro.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya cancer y'igisabo?

Kumenya ibintu byongera ibyago bishobora kugufasha kwita ku buzima bwawe, ariko ibuka ko abagabo benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona cancer y'igisabo. Ibi bintu bisobanura gusa ko ushobora kugira inyungu yo kuba maso cyane ku bipimo byawe bwite by'igisabo.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi byongera ibyago abaganga bamenye:

• Imyaka (busanzwe bugaragara cyane mu bagabo bafite imyaka 15-35)
• Igisabo kitamanutse, nubwo cyakozweho kubaga
• Amateka y'umuryango, cyane cyane mu ba se cyangwa abavandimwe
• Amateka bwite ya cancer y'igisabo
• Ubwoko (ibyago biri hejuru mu bagabo b'abazungu)
• Kubura imbaraga cyangwa gutera kw'intanga kutanoze
• Dukuriye virusi itera SIDA
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'impyiko nka Klinefelter syndrome

Imyaka ni imwe mu bintu by'ingenzi - cancer y'igisabo ifite ishusho idasanzwe aho igera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bagabo bakiri bato, bitandukanye n'izindi cancer nyinshi zikomeza kwiyongera uko umuntu akura.

Niba ufite ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago, ntutinye. Ahubwo, koresha ubwo bumenyi kugira ngo ube maso ku buzima bwawe binyuze mu bipimo byawe bwite n'ibiganiro byuzuye n'abaganga bawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya cancer y'igisabo?

Iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare, cancer y'igisabo idatera ibibazo bikomeye. Ariko, kumenya ibibazo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha kumenya impamvu kuvura vuba ari ingenzi.

Ikibazo gikomeye ni uko cancer ishobora gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri niba itabonwe hakiri kare. Dore ibyo ukwiye kumenya ku bibazo bishoboka:

• Gukwirakwira mu mitsi yo mu nda
• Gukwirakwira mu mpyiko cyangwa mu kibuno mu bihe bikomeye
• Ibibazo byo kubyara biturutse kuri cancer cyangwa kuvura
• Kugira imisemburo idahwitse niba ibyombi byangiritse
• Ingaruka zo mu mutwe no mu mubiri
• Bidasanzwe: Cancer yindi iterwa no kuvura (bidasanzwe cyane)

Ibibazo byo kubyara akenshi bibabaza abagabo cyane. Nubwo cancer y'igisabo n'ubuvuzi bwayo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubyara, abagabo benshi babyara abana nyuma yo kuvurwa. Muganga wawe ashobora kukuganiraho uburyo bwo kubika intanga mbere y'uko uvuza.

Ingaruka zo mu mutwe ntizakwiye kwirengagizwa. Guhangana na cancer mu gihe ukiri muto bishobora gutera ubwoba, ariko amatsinda y'ubufasha n'ubujyanama bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu rugendo rwawe.

Ese cancer y'igisabo imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya cancer y'igisabo bisanzwe bitangira ku isuzuma ry'umubiri hanyuma bikagenda binyuze mu bipimo byoroshye. Muganga wawe azashaka guhakana izindi ndwara no kumenya ubwoko n'icyiciro cya cancer niba kiriho.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma busanzwe butangira muganga wawe asuzumye ibyawe, akareba ibituntu, kubyimba, cyangwa izindi mpinduka. Azareba kandi mu nda no mu kibuno kugira ngo arebe niba cancer ishobora kuba imaze gukwirakwira.

Isuzuma ry'amaraso riza nyuma, rirebana n'ibimenyetso byihariye cancer y'igisabo isanzwe ikora. Ibi bimenyetso, byitwa AFP, HCG, na LDH, bishobora gufasha kwemeza indwara no kugenzura uko kuvura kugenda neza.

Ultrasound y'igice cyo hasi itanga amashusho y'ibintu byawe by'igisabo. Iki kizamini kitatera ububabare gishobora kwerekana niba igituntu ari gikomeye (gishobora kuba cancer) cyangwa gifite amazi (gishobora kuba imyanda).

Niba ibi bipimo bigaragaza cancer, ushobora gukenera CT scan y'ikibuno, mu nda, no mu gice cyo hasi. Ibi bifasha kumenya niba cancer imaze gukwirakwira mu mitsi cyangwa mu bindi ngingo, bigatuma igenamigambi ryawe ryo kuvura.

Ese cancer y'igisabo ivurwa ite?

Kuvura cancer y'igisabo ni ingirakamaro cyane, igipimo cyo gukira kirenga 95% ku mibare myinshi. Uburyo buhari buhingamiye ku bwoko bwa cancer, icyiciro cyayo, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ariko wihute ko uburyo bwiza buhari.

Kubaga hafi ya buri gihe ni intambwe ya mbere, bikubiyemo gukuraho igisabo cyangiritse binyuze mu buryo bwitwa radical inguinal orchiectomy. Ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ibidasanzwe, ariko gukuraho igisabo cyose bihamya ko uturemangingo twose twa cancer byakuweho kandi ntibigira ingaruka ku gukora kw'imisemburo cyangwa kubyara niba ikindi gisabo kizima.

Nyuma yo kubaga, ikipe yawe y'abaganga izahitamo niba hari ubundi buvuzi bukenewe. Ku bagira seminoma mu ntangiriro, ushobora guhabwa radiotherapy ku mitsi yo hafi. Ubu buvuzi ni ingirakamaro cyane kandi busanzwe bukorerwa buri munsi ibyumweru bike.

Ku bagira non-seminomas n'ibibazo bikomeye, chemotherapy ikunze kugerwaho. Ihuriro risanzwe ryitwa BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, na cisplatin), rifite ibyavuye byiza cyane. Abagabo benshi bahangana neza na chemotherapy, nubwo ushobora kumva unaniwe, ugira isereri, cyangwa izindi ngaruka z'igihe gito.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane ku bagira cancer mu ntangiriro, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukurikiranwa gusa aho kuvurwa vuba. Ibi bikubiyemo gukurikiranwa buri gihe binyuze mu isuzuma ry'amaraso n'amashusho kugira ngo hamenyekane impinduka zihutirwa.

Ese ushobora guhangana n'ibimenyetso mu rugo mu gihe cyo kuvura?

Guhangana n'ingaruka mu rugo bishobora kugufasha kumva wishimye mu gihe cyo kuvura. Ingamba zoroshye zishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho yawe ya buri munsi mu gihe umubiri wawe ukomeza gukira.

Nyuma yo kubaga, ugomba kuruhuka iminsi mike. Shyiraho ubukonje kugira ngo ugabanye kubyimba, wambare imyenda ishyigikira, kandi wirinda imirimo ikomeye ibyumweru hafi.

Niba uhawe chemotherapy, kuguma wisutse amazi bihinduka ingenzi. Niba ufite isereri, nywa amazi menshi umunsi wose, kurya ibiryo bike bikunze, kandi ntutinye gukoresha imiti igabanya isereri muganga wawe yagutegetse.

Kunaniuka bisanzwe mu gihe cyo kuvura, bityo utege amatwi umubiri wawe kandi uruhuke igihe ukeneye. Imikino yoroheje nko kugenda ishobora kugufasha kongera imbaraga, ariko wirinda imikino ikomeye kugeza muganga wawe aguhaye uburenganzira.

Komeza kwita ku bimenyetso cyangwa ingaruka ubonye. Aya makuru afasha ikipe yawe y'abaganga guhindura igenamigambi ryawe ryo kuvura niba ari ngombwa kandi bihamya ko uboneye ubufasha bwiza.

Ese ukwiye gutegura gute gahunda yawe yo kujya kwa muganga?

Gutegura gahunda yawe yo kujya kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe na muganga kandi bihamya ko ibibazo byawe byose byakemuwe. Gutegura gato bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere kandi uzi byinshi.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse uko igihe kigenda. Kora ibisobanuro ku rwego rw'ububabare, ibituntu wabonye, n'uko ibyo bibazo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Zana urutonde rw'imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibindi. Nanone, kora amakuru yerekeye amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, cyane cyane cancer abavandimwe bawe barwaye.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubabaza. Ntugatege amatwi kumvikana nk'utazi byinshi - muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha kumva neza uko uhagaze. Tekereza kuzana umuntu w'umuryango cyangwa inshuti yizewe kugira ngo aguhe inkunga kandi aguhe gufata amakuru y'ingenzi.

Tekereza ku bibazo byawe birenga ibyo mu buvuzi. Ibibazo bijyanye no kubyara, imibonano mpuzabitsina, akazi, n'imibanire ni byose bikwiye kandi ni ingingo y'ingenzi mu buvuzi bwawe.

Ni iki gikomeye cyo kwibuka kuri cancer y'igisabo?

Ikintu gikomeye cyo kwibuka ni uko cancer y'igisabo ivurwa neza, cyane cyane iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare. Nubwo kumenya ko ufite cancer atari byoroshye, ubu bwoko bufite kimwe mu bipimo byiza byo gukira bya cancer zose.

Kwisuzumisha buri gihe ni cyo kintu cyiza cyo kwirinda - menya uko ibyawe by'igisabo bisanzwe bimeze kugira ngo umenye impinduka vuba. Abagabo benshi barwara cancer y'igisabo bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, harimo kugira imiryango no gukurikirana intego zabo.

Nturetse ubwoba bugutera gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ubona ikintu kitari cyo. Kumenya hakiri kare bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gutsinda kuvura no kugabanya ubukana bw'ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Ibuka ko kugira cancer y'igisabo ntibikugaragaza - ni ikibazo ushobora gutsinda ufite ubufasha bw'abaganga n'inkunga y'abakunzi bawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri cancer y'igisabo

Ese cancer y'igisabo ishobora kwirindwa?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta buryo bwemewe bwo kwirinda cancer y'igisabo kuko imibare myinshi ibaho nta ntandaro imenyekanye. Ariko, kwisuzumisha buri gihe bishobora gufasha kuyibona hakiri kare iyo kuvura ari ingirakamaro cyane. Niba ufite ibyago nko kugira igisabo kitamanutse, kuba maso ku mpinduka no kugira gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga ni cyo kintu cyiza cyo gukora.

Ese nshobora kubyara abana nyuma yo kuvura cancer y'igisabo?

Abagabo benshi babyara abana nyuma yo kuvura cancer y'igisabo. Niba ufite impungenge ku kubyara, banira na muganga wawe kubika intanga mbere y'uko uvuza. Igisabo kimwe kizima gishobora gukora intanga n'imisemburo ihagije kugira ngo umubiri ukore neza, kandi kubyara akenshi bigaruka na nyuma ya chemotherapy, nubwo bishobora gutwara igihe.

Ese nkwiye kwisuzumisha kangahe?

Abaganga benshi bagira inama yo kwisuzumisha buri kwezi, byiza nyuma yo koga cyangwa kwiyuhagira igihe uruhu rw'igice cyo hasi rworoshye. Igihe cyiza ni mu gihe cyangwa nyuma gato y'ubwangavu kugeza hagati y'imyaka. Niba ubona impinduka, ibituntu, cyangwa ibintu bitumva neza, hamagara muganga wawe vuba aho gutegereza igihe cyawe gikurikira cyo kwisuzumisha.

Ese cancer y'igisabo ibabaza?

Cancer y'igisabo akenshi ntitera ububabare bukomeye mu ntangiriro, ariyo mpamvu abagabo benshi batinda gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga. Ushobora kumva ububabare buke, ibintu biremereye, cyangwa kutumva neza, ariko ububabare bukabije si bwo busanzwe. Ntugatege amatwi ububabare - ibituntu, kubyimba, cyangwa impinduka zidasanzwe mu gisabo cyawe bikwiye gusuzuma kwa muganga.

Ese ni izihe ngaruka z'igihe kirekire zo kuvura cancer y'igisabo?

Abagabo benshi nta ngaruka zikomeye z'igihe kirekire bagira nyuma yo kuvura cancer y'igisabo. Bamwe bashobora kugira impinduka z'igihe gito cyangwa igihe kirekire mu kubyara, kandi rimwe na rimwe, abagabo bahabwa chemotherapy bashobora kugira ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa cancer yindi nyuma y'imyaka myinshi. Ariko, ibyo byago bisanzwe ari bike, kandi ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakurikirana ubuzima bwawe igihe kirekire kugira ngo ibone ibibazo hakiri kare. Benshi mu barokotse cancer y'igisabo babaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza.