Icyo Thrombocytopenia Aricyo? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Thrombocytopenia ni uburwayi aho amaraso yawe aba afite ibyondo bike kurusha uko bikwiye. Ibyondo ni utunyangingo duto two mu maraso dufasha amaraso gukomera iyo wakomeretse, nk’aho ushyiraho igipfuko cy’umwimerere ku mukeka.

Iyo umubare w’ibyondo ugeze munsi ya 150.000 kuri microliter imwe y’amaraso, abaganga babita thrombocytopenia. Ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso yawe adakomera neza, ibyo bishobora gutuma ukomeretswa cyangwa ukuramo amaraso byoroshye kandi bikamara igihe kinini kugira ngo bihagarare.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya thrombocytopenia?

Abantu benshi bafite thrombocytopenia yoroheje nta bimenyetso na bimwe bagaragaza. Iyo bimenyetso bigaragaye, akenshi biba bifitanye isano n’ubushobozi buke bw’amaraso yawe bwo gukomera neza.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Ukomeretswa byoroshye, cyane cyane uturutse ku bikomere bito cyangwa ibintu byakubise
• Imicanga mito y’umutuku cyangwa umukara ku ruhu rwawe yitwa petechiae
• Kuva amaraso igihe kirekire ku mukeka cyangwa nyuma y’akazi ko mu menyo
• Iminsi y’uburwayi ikomeye cyangwa iramara igihe kirekire
• Kuva amaraso mu menyoni iyo ugosha amenyo
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi kurusha uko bisanzwe

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kubona amaraso mu mpiswi yawe cyangwa mu ntege, cyangwa ukagira kuva amaraso bikabije nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho kuko umubiri wawe udafite ibyondo bihagije kugira ngo ukomere vuba kandi neza.

Ni iyihe mitype ya thrombocytopenia?

Thrombocytopenia ifite imyanya itandukanye, bitewe n’icyo gituma umubare w’ibyondo byawe ugabanuka. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwabyo bishobora gufasha muganga wawe guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ubwoko nyamukuru burimo:

• Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): Sisteme yawe y’ubudahangarwa itera ibyondo byawe
• Thrombocytopenia iterwa n’imiti: Imiti imwe itera umubare w’ibyondo byawe kugabanuka
• Thrombocytopenia ifitanye isano n’inda y’umugore: Kugabanuka gato kw’ibyondo mu gihe cy’inda
• Thrombocytopenia y’uburyo bwa kabiri: Ibyondo bike biterwa n’izindi ndwara

Buri bwoko bufite intandaro zitandukanye kandi bishobora gusaba ingamba zitandukanye zo kuvura. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu bipimo by’amaraso n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima.

Ni iki gituma thrombocytopenia ibaho?

Thrombocytopenia ibaho iyo umubiri wawe utabasha gukora ibyondo bihagije, ukangiza byinshi, cyangwa ukabifunga mu nda. Reka turebe icyo gishobora gutuma ibi bibaho.

Intandaro zisanzwe zo kugabanuka kw’ibyondo birimo:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi nka hepatite C cyangwa HIV
• Imiti imwe, cyane cyane imiti yo kuvura kanseri
• Kunywesha inzoga nyinshi igihe kirekire
• Kubura vitamine B12 cyangwa folate
• Indwara z’amasogwe y’amaraso

Sisteme yawe y’ubudahangarwa ishobora kandi kwangiza ibyondo vuba kurusha uko bisanzwe kubera:

• Indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nka lupus cyangwa rhumatoide arthritis
• Imiti imwe nka heparin cyangwa quinine
• Indwara ziterwa na bagiteri mu maraso
• Ingorane z’inda y’umugore

Mu bindi bihe bitoroshye, nda yawe ishobora gufata no gufata ibyondo aho kubireka bigenda neza. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu ndwara z’umwijima, kanseri zimwe na zimwe, cyangwa indwara nka malaria.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera thrombocytopenia?

Ukwiye kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ubona kuva amaraso cyangwa ukomeretswa bitamenyerewe. Nubwo ukomeretswa gato rimwe na rimwe ari ibisanzwe, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bikwiye kwitabwaho n’abaganga.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga niba ufite:

• Ukomeretswa uturutse ku bikomere byoroheje cyangwa nta mpamvu isobanuka
• Kuva amaraso bidashira nyuma y’iminota 10-15 ubishyizeho igitambaro
• Imicanga y’umutuku cyangwa umukara igaragara ku ruhu rwawe
• Iminsi y’uburwayi ikomeye cyane
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru cyangwa mu menyoni kenshi

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, gucika intekerezo, amaraso mu muhogo cyangwa mu ntege, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso imbere. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza umubare muke cyane w’ibyondo ukeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya thrombocytopenia?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara thrombocytopenia. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kureba ibimenyetso hakiri kare.

Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi niba:

• Ukoresha imiti imwe nka anticoagulants, antibiotique, cyangwa imiti yo kuvura indwara z’ubwonko
• Ufite indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nka lupus cyangwa rhumatoide arthritis
• Unywa inzoga nyinshi buri gihe
• Uri mu nda, cyane cyane mu mezi atatu ya nyuma
• Ufite amateka y’umuryango w’indwara zo kuva amaraso
• Uri kuvurwa kanseri cyangwa radiotherapy

Bimwe mu bintu bitoroshye byongera ibyago birimo kugira indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa na virusi, indwara z’umwijima, cyangwa kanseri z’amaraso nka leukemia. Imyaka ishobora kandi kugira uruhare, kuko immune thrombocytopenic purpura igaragara cyane mu bana no mu bakuze.

Ni iyihe ngaruka zishoboka za thrombocytopenia?

Abantu benshi bafite thrombocytopenia yoroheje babaho ubuzima busanzwe nta ngaruka zikomeye. Ariko kandi, umubare muke cyane w’ibyondo ushobora gutera ibibazo byo kuva amaraso bikeneye gucungwa neza.

Ingaruka zishoboka harimo:

• Kuva amaraso igihe kirekire nyuma yo gukomeretsa cyangwa kubagwa
• Kuva amaraso imbere mu bihe bikomeye
• Kubura umunyu w’amaraso kubera kuva amaraso igihe kirekire
• Ibyago byiyongereye mu gihe cy’akazi ko mu menyo cyangwa kubagwa

Ingaruka ikomeye ariko idasanzwe ni ukuvuza amaraso mu bwonko, ibyo bishobora kubaho iyo umubare w’ibyondo ugabanutse cyane (akenshi munsi ya 10.000). Niyo mpamvu abaganga bacunga hafi ibintu bikomeye kandi bashobora kugira inama yo kuvura kugira ngo bongere umubare w’ibyondo vuba.

Hamwe no kwitabwaho n’abaganga no kugenzura neza, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gucungwa neza. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakorana nawe kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago mu gihe usigaye ufite ubuzima bwiza.

Uburyo bwo gukumira thrombocytopenia

Ntushobora gukumira ubwoko bwose bwa thrombocytopenia, ariko ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago by’ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Gukumira akenshi bibanda ku kwirinda ibintu bizwi n’ubuzima rusange.

Dore imwe mu ngamba zo gukumira zifasha:

• Kugabanya kunywa inzoga ku rugero rwemererwa
• Kunywa imiti ukurikije amabwiriza kandi ugatanga amakuru y’amaraso yose atari asanzwe
• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo vitamine B12 na folate
• Kwita ku isuku kugira ngo wirinde indwara
• Kwakira inkingo zigufasha kwirinda indwara ziterwa na virusi

Niba ufite indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo uyicunge bishobora kugufasha kwirinda thrombocytopenia. Kigenzura buri gihe bishobora kandi gufata impinduka mu mubare w’ibyondo byawe hakiri kare, mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Uburyo bwo kuvura thrombocytopenia

Kuvura thrombocytopenia biterwa n’icyo gituma umubare w’ibyondo byawe ugabanuka n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso byawe. Abantu benshi bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje nta buvuzi bakeneye.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugira inama yo:

• Guhagarika imiti ishobora kuba itera ikibazo
• Corticosteroids kugira ngo igabanye ibikorwa by’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri
• Ubuvuzi bwa immunoglobulin kugira ngo yongere umusaruro w’ibyondo
• Guhinduranya ibyondo mu bihe bikomeye
• Imiti nka eltrombopag kugira ngo ishyire imbaraga mu gukora ibyondo

Kuri immune thrombocytopenic purpura, kuvura bishobora kuba imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe cyangwa, mu bihe bikomeye, gukuraho nda yawe. Intego ni ukongera umubare w’ibyondo byawe ku rugero rukwiye mu gihe uhangana n’intandaro y’ibibazo.

Gahunda zo kuvura zihariwe buri muntu ku giti cye hashingiwe ku mimerere yawe, ubuzima bwawe rusange, n’uburyo ugaragara ku buvuzi bwa mbere. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakurikirana iterambere ryawe hafi kandi ihindure uburyo bwo kuvura uko bikenewe.

Uburyo bwo gucunga thrombocytopenia murugo

Gucukunga thrombocytopenia murugo bibanda ku kwirinda imvune no kumenya igihe ukeneye ubufasha bw’abaganga. Impinduka nto mu mibereho zishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu mutekano wawe no kwishima.

Dore intambwe ushobora gufata:

• Koresha igosha amenyo yoroheje kandi wirinda gufata amenyo cyane
• Kwambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda mu mikino cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Kwirinda imiti nka aspirine ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso
• Koresha ibyuma byo kogosha aho gukoresha ibyuma bisanzwe
• Kugumisha aho uba hatagira ibintu bya buhoro n’ibintu bishobora gutera umuntu kugwa

Witondere impinduka mu bimenyetso byawe kandi uzirikane ukomeretswa kwese gushya cyangwa kuva amaraso. Niba ukeneye kubagwa, buri gihe menyesha abaganga bawe thrombocytopenia kugira ngo bashobore gufata ingamba zikwiye.

Gukomeza guhuza n’ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi kandi ntutinye guhamagara niba uhangayikishijwe n’ibimenyetso byose. Bahari kugufasha no kugufasha kubaho neza ufite iyi ndwara.

Uburyo ukwiye kwitegura ku muhango wawe kwa muganga

Kwitegura ku muhango wawe bigufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe n’umuganga wawe. Kwitegura neza bigatuma habaho itumanaho ryiza kandi gahunda zo kuvura zigakorwa neza.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, kora amakuru yerekeye:

• Imiti yose n’ibindi bintu ukoresha ubu
• Igihe wabonye ibimenyetso bwa mbere n’uburyo byahindutse
• Indwara zose, indwara ziterwa na virusi, cyangwa ibyabaye mu buzima bwawe vuba aha
• Amateka y’umuryango w’indwara zo kuva amaraso
• Ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, cyangwa uburyo bwo kwitwara buri munsi

Andika ibimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe bibaho n’uburemere bwabyo. Fata amafoto y’ukomeretswa kwese kutari gusanzwe cyangwa impinduka z’uruhu kugira ngo umwereke muganga wawe niba bitagaragara mu gihe cy’uruzinduko rwawe.

Tegereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi no kubabaza ibibazo ushobora kwibagirwa. Bashobora kandi kugutera inkunga mu gihe cy’umuhango ushobora kuba uhangayikishije.

Icyo ugomba kumenya cyane kuri thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia ni uburwayi bushobora kuvurwa bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’amaraso yawe bwo gukomera neza. Nubwo byumvikana bibi, abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara babaho ubuzima buzuye, bukora neza hamwe no kwitabwaho n’abaganga no guhindura imibereho.

Ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwibuka ni uko kuvumbura hakiri kare bifasha, uburyo bwo kuvura buhari, kandi nturi wenyine mu gucunga iyi ndwara. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakorana nawe kugira ngo ukore gahunda ihuye n’ibyo ukeneye n’imimerere yawe.

Hamwe no kugenzura no kwitabwaho neza, abantu benshi bafite thrombocytopenia bashobora kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye kandi bagumana ubuzima bwiza. Kora ubushakashatsi, kurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvura, kandi ugumane itumanaho ryiza n’abaganga bawe.

Ibibazo byakenshi bibazwa kuri thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia ishobora gukira yonyine?

Yego, ubwoko bumwe bwa thrombocytopenia bushobora gukira nta buvuzi, cyane cyane ibintu biterwa n’indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa inda y’umugore. Ariko kandi, ntugomba gutekereza ko izakira yonyine nta gusuzuma kwa muganga. Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba ikibazo cyawe cyihariye gishobora kumera neza cyangwa gikenera kuvurwa.

Thrombocytopenia ni ubwoko bwa kanseri?

Thrombocytopenia ubwayo si kanseri, ariko rimwe na rimwe ishobora guterwa na kanseri z’amaraso nka leukemia cyangwa lymphoma. Ibyinshi mu bintu bya thrombocytopenia ntabwo bifitanye isano na kanseri na gato. Muganga wawe azakora ibizamini bikwiye kugira ngo amenye intandaro nyayo y’umubare muke w’ibyondo byawe kandi akureho ibibazo byose bikomeye.

Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri niba mfite thrombocytopenia?

Abantu benshi bafite thrombocytopenia bashobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri neza, ariko ushobora gukenera guhindura ibikorwa byawe hashingiwe ku mubare w’ibyondo byawe. Imyitozo idakomeye nko kugenda, koga, cyangwa yoga ni byiza kurusha imikino ihura.

Nzakenera kunywa imiti ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Oya, ntabwo ari ngombwa. Igihe cyo kuvura biterwa n’icyo gituma thrombocytopenia ibaho n’uburyo ugaragara ku buvuzi. Bamwe mu bantu bakeneye kuvurwa igihe gito, abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azakomeza gusuzuma ubuzima bwawe kandi ahindure gahunda yawe yo kuvura uko bikenewe.

Thrombocytopenia ishobora kugira ingaruka ku nda y’umugore?

Thrombocytopenia ishobora kubaho mu gihe cy’inda kandi ishobora gusaba kugenzurwa neza, ariko abagore benshi bafite iyi ndwara bagira inda nzima n’ibyibarutse. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakorana nawe kugira ngo icunge umubare w’ibyondo byawe kandi ibeze umutekano wawe n’umwana wawe mu gihe cy’inda n’igihe cyo kubyara.