Phlebitis

Thrombophlebitis ni uburwayi butuma amaraso aterana akangura imiyoboro y'amaraso, akenshi mu maguru. Mu thrombophlebitis yo ku mwiru, umuyoboro w'amaraso uba hafi y'uruhu. Mu guhindagurika kw'imijyana y'amaraso mu mitsi minini cyangwa DVT, umuyoboro w'amaraso uba uri mu gikari cy'umushinwa. DVT yongera ibyago by'ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Ubwoko bwombi bwa thrombophlebitis bushobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya amaraso.

Ibimenyetso bya thrombophlebitis ya superficielle birimo ubushyuhe, ububabare, n'uburibwe. Ushobora kugira ubuhumyi n'ubwibyo, ukabona umutsi utukura kandi ukomeye hepfo gato y'uruhu rwawe, ukaba ubona ububabare iyo uwukozeho. Ibimenyetso bya thrombosis ya vein profonde birimo kubyimba, ububabare, n'uburibwe mu kirenge cyawe.

Jya kwa muganga ako kanya niba ufite umusego utukura, uri kubyimba cyangwa ukubabaza — cyane cyane niba ufite ikintu kimwe cyangwa ibindi bintu byagutera thrombophlebitis.

Hamagara 911 cyangwa nimero y'ubufasha bw'ihutirwa muri aka karere niba:

• Kubyimba kw'umusego no kubabara bikomeye
• Nanone ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa kubabara mu gituza, uri gukorora amaraso, cyangwa ufite ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko hari umuvuduko w'amaraso ujya mu mwijima (pulmonary embolism)

Niba bishoboka, reka umuntu aguherekeze kwa muganga cyangwa mu bitaro by'ubufasha bw'ihutirwa. Bishobora kukugora gutwara imodoka, kandi ni byiza kugira umuntu uri kumwe kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha kwibuka amakuru wabonye.

Thrombophlebitis iterwa n'inkari y'amaraso. Inkari y'amaraso ishobora kuvuka kubera ikibazo cyangiritse umusemburo cyangwa kubera kurwara indwara ikomoka ku miryango ifite ingaruka ku buryo amaraso yawe akora. Ushobora kandi kubona inkari y'amaraso nyuma yo kutabasha gukora imyitozo imara igihe kirekire, nko mu gihe uri mu bitaro cyangwa ukomeza gukira ibikomere.

Ibyago byo kwibasirwa na thrombophlebitis biri hejuru iyo utarakora imyitozo igihe kirekire cyangwa ufite kateteri mu mutsi munini wo mu mutima mu rwego rwo kuvura indwara runaka. Kugira imijyana y'imitsi cyangwa pacemaker bishobora kandi kongera ibyago. Abagore batwite, ababyaye vuba, cyangwa abanywa imiti igabanya imbyaro cyangwa imiti igorora imisemburo bashobora kandi kuba bafite ibyago byinshi. Ibindi bintu byongera ibyago birimo amateka y'umuryango afite ikibazo cyo gukomera kw'amaraso, gukunda gukomera kw'amaraso, no kuba wararwaye thrombophlebitis mbere. Ibyago byawe bishobora kandi kwiyongera iyo ubaye waragize umuvuduko ukabije mu bwonko, ufite imyaka irenga 60, cyangwa uri umubyibuhe. Kurwara kanseri no kunywa itabi na byo ni ibindi bintu byongera ibyago.

Ingaruka ziterwa na thrombophlebitis y'urukara zirakomeye. Ariko rero, niba ufite uburwayi bwa deep vein thrombosis (DVT), ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye byiyongera. Ingaruka zishobora kuba:

• Igisimba cy'amaraso mu mwijima (pulmonary embolism). Iyo igice cy'igisimba cy'amaraso mu mutsi munini kigenda, gishobora kujya mu mwijima, aho gishobora guhagarika umusemburo (embolism) kikaba kigira akaga gakomeye ku buzima.
• Kubabara no kubyimba mu kirenge igihe kirekire (post-phlebetic syndrome). Iyi ndwara, izwi kandi nka post-thrombotic syndrome, ishobora kuza nyuma y'amezi cyangwa imyaka umaze ufite DVT. Kubabara bishobora gutera ubumuga.

Iyo umaze igihe kinini wicaye mu ndege cyangwa mu modoka, ibi biterwa no kubyimbagira mu birenge no mu mavi kandi byongera ibyago byo kurwara thrombophlebitis. Kugira ngo wirinde kugira umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mubiri:

• Genda. Niba uri mu ndege cyangwa muri gari ya moshi cyangwa bisi, jya ugenda ujya imbere n'inyuma buri saha cyangwa buri gihe. Niba utwaye imodoka, egura buri saha cyangwa buri gihe maze ugende.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri kenshi. Kora imyitozo yo kugerageza ibibero byawe, cyangwa ushishikarize amaguru yawe hasi cyangwa ku gice cyo kwicara imbere yawe nibura inshuro 10 buri saha.
• Nibaza amazi menshi cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasembuye kugira ngo wirinda kukama.

Mu kugira ngo umuganga amenye ko ufite thrombophlebitis, ashobora kukubaza ibibazo ku burwayi bwawe maze akareba imiyoboro y'amaraso yafashwe hafi y'uruhu rwawe. Ushobora gukorerwa ikizamini cyo kubona ishusho y'imbere y'umubiri, nka ultrasound, kugira ngo barebe mu kirenge cyawe niba hari ubusembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo hejuru cyangwa iy'imbere. Icyegeranyo cy'amaraso gishobora kwerekana niba ufite umwanya munini w'ikintu gishobora gusesa ibibyimba. Iki kizamini gishobora kandi kugaragaza ko nta DVT ufite, kandi kigatanga amakuru y'uko ushobora kugaragaraho thrombophlebitis kenshi.

Mu kugira ngo umuganga amenye ko ufite thrombophlebitis, azakubaza ibibazo ku burwayi bwawe maze akareba imiyoboro y'amaraso yafashwe hafi y'uruhu rwawe. Kugira ngo amenye niba ufite thrombophlebitis yo hejuru cyangwa ubusembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo mu mbere, umuganga ashobora guhitamo kimwe muri ibi bipimo:

Ultrasound. Igikoresho gisa n'inkoni (transducer) gikora ku gice cy'ikirenge cyawe cyagize ikibazo, gitanga imiraba y'amajwi mu kirenge cyawe. Uko imiraba y'amajwi inyura mu mubiri w'ikirenge cyawe maze igataha, mudasobwa ihindura iyo miraba y'amajwi mu ishusho yimuka ku idirishya rya videwo.

Iki kizamini gishobora kwemeza uburwayi kandi kigaragaze itandukaniro hagati y'ubusembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo hejuru n'ubwo mu mbere.

Icyegeranyo cy'amaraso. Hamwe na hamwe, umuntu ufite ibibyimba mu maraso aba afite umwanya munini w'ikintu gisanzwe, gishobora gusesa ibibyimba, kitwa D dimer. Ariko, umwanya wa D dimer ushobora kwiyongera no mu zindi ndwara. Bityo, ikizamini cya D dimer ntabwo gihagije, ariko gishobora kwerekana ko hakenewe ibindi bizamini.

Byanagira akamaro mu kwerekana ko nta busembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo mu mbere (DVT) ufite, no mu kumenya abantu bafite ibyago byo kugira thrombophlebitis kenshi.

• Ultrasound. Igikoresho gisa n'inkoni (transducer) gikora ku gice cy'ikirenge cyawe cyagize ikibazo, gitanga imiraba y'amajwi mu kirenge cyawe. Uko imiraba y'amajwi inyura mu mubiri w'ikirenge cyawe maze igataha, mudasobwa ihindura iyo miraba y'amajwi mu ishusho yimuka ku idirishya rya videwo.

  Iki kizamini gishobora kwemeza uburwayi kandi kigaragaze itandukaniro hagati y'ubusembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo hejuru n'ubwo mu mbere.

• Icyegeranyo cy'amaraso. Hamwe na hamwe, umuntu ufite ibibyimba mu maraso aba afite umwanya munini w'ikintu gisanzwe, gishobora gusesa ibibyimba, kitwa D dimer. Ariko, umwanya wa D dimer ushobora kwiyongera no mu zindi ndwara. Bityo, ikizamini cya D dimer ntabwo gihagije, ariko gishobora kwerekana ko hakenewe ibindi bizamini.

  Byanagira akamaro mu kwerekana ko nta busembwa bw'imijyana y'amaraso yo mu mbere (DVT) ufite, no mu kumenya abantu bafite ibyago byo kugira thrombophlebitis kenshi.

Thrombophlebitis y'umweru ishobora kuvurwa no gushyushya agace kababara no kuzamura ukuguru kwawe. Ushobora kandi gufata imiti igabanya kubyimba no gucika intege, kandi wambare amasogisi ahambira.Kuva aho, akenshi ikira yonyine. Kuva kuri thrombophlebitis y'umweru n'iy'imbere, cyangwa DVT, ushobora gufata imiti igabanya amaraso kandi ikavanga amaraso. Ushobora kwambara amasogisi ahambira aboneka kuri ordonnance kugira ngo wirinda kubyimba no gukumira ingaruka za DVT. Niba utazihanganira imiti igabanya amaraso, hashobora gushyirwa umutego mu mubiri mukuru wo mu nda yawe kugira ngo wirinde ko amaraso ahindagurika mu mwijima. Rimwe na rimwe, imijyana y'amaraso ikurwaho n'abaganga.

Kuri thrombophlebitis y'umweru, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gushyushya agace kababara, kuzamura ukuguru kwarembejwe, gukoresha imiti idafite ordonnance yo kurwanya ububabare n'uburyo bukabije (NSAID) kandi bishoboka kwambara amasogisi ahambira. Iyi ndwara ikenshi ikira yonyine.

Amasogisi ahambira, azwi kandi nka amasogisi ashyigikira, ashyira igitutu ku maguru, yongera umuvuduko w'amaraso. Umuntu ufite ubumenyi bwo kubambika amasogisi ashobora kugufasha kuyambara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugutegeka ibi bitunganya kuri buri bwoko bwa thrombophlebitis:

• Imiti igabanya amaraso. Niba ufite deep vein thrombosis, gutera imiti igabanya amaraso (anticoagulant), nka low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux (Arixtra) cyangwa apixaban (Eliquis), bishobora kugufasha gukumira ko amaraso akomeza kwiyongera. Nyuma yo kuvurwa bwa mbere, uzabwirwa gufata warfarin (Jantoven) cyangwa rivaroxaban (Xarelto) amezi menshi kugira ngo ukomeze gukumira ko amaraso akomeza kwiyongera. Imiti igabanya amaraso ishobora gutera kuva amaraso cyane. Irinde gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
• Imiti ivanga amaraso. Kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti ivanga amaraso bita thrombolysis. Imiti ya alteplase (Activase) ikoreshwa mu gusesa amaraso ku bantu bafite DVT nyinshi, harimo n'abafite amaraso mu mwijima (pulmonary embolism).
• Amasogisi ahambira. Amasogisi ahambira afite ordonnance afasha gukumira kubyimba no kugabanya ibyago by'ingaruka za DVT.
• Umutego wa vena cava. Niba utazihanganira imiti igabanya amaraso, hashobora gushyirwa umutego mu mubiri mukuru wo mu nda (vena cava) kugira ngo wirinde ko amaraso ava mu maguru ahindagurika mu mwijima. Ubusanzwe, umutego ukurwaho iyo utakikiri ngombwa.
• Gukuraho imijyana y'amaraso. Umuganga ashobora gukuraho imijyana y'amaraso itera ububabare cyangwa thrombophlebitis isubira. Ubu buryo burimo gukuraho umubiri muremure binyuze mu duce duto. Gukuraho umubiri ntabwo bizagira ingaruka ku mivuduko y'amaraso mu kuguru kwawe kuko imijyana iri munsi y'ukuguru ifata umwanya w'amaraso menshi.

Usibye imiti y'abaganga, uburyo bwo kwita ku buzima bwite bushobora gufasha kunoza thrombophlebitis.

Niba ufite thrombophlebitis y'urukoko:

Menyesha muganga wawe niba ufashe indi miti igabanya amaraso, nka aspirine.

Niba ufite deep vein thrombosis:

• Koresha igitambaro cyuzuyemo amazi ashyushye gushyira ubushyuhe ahantu hafatwa inshuro nyinshi ku munsi

• Komereza ikirenge cyawe hejuru iyo wicaye cyangwa uri kuryama

• Koresha imiti igabanya ububabare idafite steroide (NSAID), nka ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, izindi) cyangwa naproxen sodium (Aleve, izindi), niba byategetswe na muganga wawe

• Fata imiti igabanya amaraso yatanzwe n'abaganga nkuko byategetswe kugira ngo wirinda ingaruka mbi

• Komereza ikirenge cyawe hejuru iyo wicaye cyangwa uri kuryama niba cyabubutse

• Koresha imyenda ya compression yatanzwe n'abaganga nkuko byategetswe