Tonsillite

Umuganga ni ububabare bw'ibinyamuneza, ibice bibiri bifatanye nk'igiyiko biri inyuma y'umunwa - umunwa umwe kuri buri ruhande. Ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso by'umuganga birimo ibimenyetso by'ibinyamuneza, kubabara umunwa, kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima no kubabara imiyoboro y'amaraso ku mpande z'ijosi.

Urugero rwinshi rw'umuganga uterwa n'ubwandu bw'agakoko gasanzwe, ariko indwara ziterwa na bagiteri nazo zishobora gutera umuganga.

Kubera ko ubuvuzi bukwiye bw'umuganga bushingiye ku cyateye, ni ngombwa kubona isuzuma ryihuse kandi rihamye. Ubuganga bwo gukuraho ibimenyetso, uburyo bwari busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kuvura umuganga, busanzwe bukorwa gusa iyo umuganga aba aba kenshi, ntabwo asubiza ubundi buvuzi cyangwa ugatera ingaruka zikomeye.

Umurinya (Tonsillitis) ikunda kwibasira cyane cyane abana bari hagati y’imyaka y’ishuri ry’inshuke n’imyaka y’ubwangavu. Ibimenyetso n’ibibonwa bisanzwe by’umurinya birimo:

• Amanywa y’umutsi atukura kandi yabubutse
• Ibara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo ku manywa y’umutsi
• Kubabara umutsi
• Kugira ikibazo cyangwa kubabara mu gutema
• Umuhango
• Imihogo (lymph nodes) yabubutse kandi ibabaza mu ijosi
• Ijwi rireremba, ridafatika cyangwa rikomoka mu muhogo
• Impumuro mbi
• Kubabara mu nda
• Kubabara mu ijosi cyangwa ijosi ridafatika
• Kubabara umutwe

Mu bana bato badashobora kuvuga uko bumva, ibimenyetso by’umurinya bishobora kuba:

• Gusuka amarira kubera kugira ikibazo cyangwa kubabara mu gutema
• Kwinangira kurya
• Kugira umujinya udakunze kugaragara

Ni byiza kubona ubuvuzi nyakuri niba umwana wawe afite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza uburwayi bw'itonsile.

Hamagara muganga wawe niba umwana wawe afite ibi bikurikira:

• Umuhogo ubabaza ufite umuriro
• Umuhogo ubabaza udatakaza mu masaha 24 cyangwa 48
• Kubabara cyangwa kugorana kw'iryinyo
• Ubusembwa bukabije, umunaniro cyangwa guhora ari umuswa

Fata ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa niba umwana wawe afite ibimenyetso byikurikira:

• Kugorana guhumeka
• Kugorana cyane kw'iryinyo
• Umunyaze mwinshi

Umuntu akunze kurwara ibibyimba by'amanywa (tonsillitis) aterwa na virusi zisanzwe, ariko n'ubwandu bw'ibyorezo bishobora kuba intandaro. Udukoko twinshi cyane dutera ibibyimba by'amanywa ni Streptococcus pyogenes (agatsiko A streptococcus), udutera indwara y'umutsi (strep throat). Ubundi bwoko bwa strep n'izindi mikorobe na zo zishobora guteza ibibyimba by'amanywa.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byo kwibasirwa na tonsillite harimo:

• Urubyiruko. Tonsillite ikunda kwibasira abana, kandi tonsillite iterwa na bagiteri ikunda kugaragara cyane mu bana bari hagati y'imyaka 5 na 15.
• Kwihererana kenshi n'imikoro. Abana biga mu ishuri baba hafi y'abandi bana kandi bakunda kwibasirwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri zishobora guteza tonsillite.

Kubura umwanya cyangwa kubyimba kw'itonsile kubera ibicurane byakunda cyangwa bikomeza (igicurane kirambye) bishobora gutera ingaruka zikurikira:

• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka mu gihe cyo kuryama (uburwayi bwo guhumeka mu gihe cyo kuryama)
• Ikibazo cyandura gikwirakwira mu mubiri (ubwandu bw'uturemangingo tw'itonsile)
• Ikibazo cyandura gitera ibyuya inyuma y'itonsile (ibyimba by'imisemburo inyuma y'itonsile)

Mikorobe itera ibicurane bya virusi na bagiteri ikwirakwira. Kubwibyo, kwirinda neza ni ukugira isuku nziza. Bigisha umwana wawe:

• Kugira isuku y'intoki neza kandi kenshi, cyane cyane nyuma yo gukoresha ubwiherero mbere yo kurya
• Kwirinda gusangira ibiryo, ibirahuri byo kunyweramo, amacupa y'amazi cyangwa ibikoresho byo kurya
• Gusimbuza irindi buriri nyuma yo kuvurwa ibicurane Kugira ngo ufashe umwana wawe kwirinda ikwirakwira ry'ubwandu bwa virusi cyangwa bagiteri ku bandi:
• Kureka umwana wawe akiri murugo iyo arwaye
• Kabaza muganga igihe gikwiriye ko umwana wawe asubira ku ishuri
• Bigisha umwana wawe guhisha igihe akinisha cyangwa agize ibicurane mu mucanga cyangwa, igihe bibaye ngombwa, mu kuboko kwe
• Bigisha umwana wawe kumesa intoki nyuma yo guhisha cyangwa kugira ibicurane

Umuganga wa mwana wawe azatangira n’ikizamini cy’umubiri kizaba harimo:

Niki kizamini gito, umuganga akoresha iswabu y’ubwoko bw’ubuziranenge ku mugongo w’umuhogo wa mwana wawe kugirango akure ishusho y’ibinyabuzima. Ishusho izasuzumwa mu kliniki cyangwa mu laboratoire kugirango hahamagarwe ibimera bya streptococcal.

Kliniki nyinshi zifite laboratoire zishobora kugera ku mibare y’ibizamini mu minota mike. Ariko, ikindi kizamini gikomeye cyane gisanzwe koherezwa mu laboratoire ishobora gutanga ibisubizo mu masaha make cyangwa mu minsi mike.

Niba ikizamini cyihuse cyo mu kliniki kigaragaza ko hari ibimera bya bakteriya, mwana wawe ashobora kuba afite indwara y’ibimera bya bakteriya. Niba ikizamini kigaragaza ko nta bimera bya bakteriya bihari, mwana wawe ashobora kuba afite indwara y’ibimera bya virusi. Ariko, umuganga wawe azategereza ibisubizo by’ikindi kizamini gikomeye cyo hanze ya kliniki kugirango amenye impamvu y’indwara.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutanga itegeko ryo gukora ikizamini cyuzuye cy’amasero y’amaraso (CBC) hamwe n’ishusho ritoya ry’amaraso ya mwana wawe. Ibyo bisubizo by’iki kizamini, bishobora gukorwa mu kliniki, bikagira umubare w’amasero y’amaraso y’ubwoko butandukanye. Ibyo bisobanuro by’ibyo byiyongera, ibyo biri mu buryo bukwiriye cyangwa ibyo biri munsi y’uburyo bukwiriye bishobora kugaragaza niba indwara yatangiwe n’ibimera bya bakteriya cyangwa virusi. CBC ntabwo bisanzwe bisabwa kugirango hahamagarwe indwara ya strep throat. Ariko, niba ikizamini cya strep throat mu laboratoire kigaragaza ko nta bimera bya bakteriya bihari, CBC ishobora kuba isabwa kugirango ifashe gusobanukirwa impamvu y’indwara ya tonsillitis.

• Gukoresha igikoresho cy’umuriro kugirango urebe umuhogo wa mwana wawe kandi wongere urebe amatwi n’izuru, byo na byo bishobora kuba aho indwara itangira
• Gukora ikizamini cy’uruhu rw’ubwoko bwa scarlatina, ruhu ruhu ruhuza n’ibimera bya strep throat
• Gukurikirana neza (palpating) ijosi rya mwana wawe kugirango urebe niba hari ibimera by’amashyira (lymph nodes) byiyongereye
• Kumva umwuka wa mwana wawe ukoresheje stethoscope
• Gukora ikizamini cyo kureba niba hari ibimera by’umwijima (kugirango hasuzumwe mononucleosis, ikindi kandi kigira uruhu rw’amashyira)