Myelitis Ya Transverse

Myeliite ya transverse ni umuriro wubakira impande zombi z'agace kamwe k'umugongo. Iyi ndwara y'imiterere y'imikorere y'ubwonko ikunda kwangiza ibintu byo kurinda bikingira imiyoboro y'uturemangingo tw'imiterere (myeline).

Umurire wa transverse uhagaritse ubutumwa ubwonko bwo mu mugongo butanga mu mubiri wose. Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare, intege nke z'imitsi, ubugufi, ibibazo by'imyumvire, cyangwa kudakora neza kwa sisitemu y'umuyoboro w'inkari n'amatara.

Hari impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye ziterwa na myeliite ya transverse, harimo indwara zandura n'indwara z'imiterere y'umubiri ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri zigaba igitero ku miterere y'umubiri. Bishobora kandi guterwa n'izindi ndwara za myeline, nka sclerosis nyinshi. Ibindi bibazo, nko gucika kw'amaraso mu mugongo, bikunze kuvanga n'umurire wa transverse, kandi ibi bibazo bisaba uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura.

Uburyo bwo kuvura myeliite ya transverse burimo imiti n'ubuvuzi bwo gusubira mu buzima busanzwe. Abantu benshi barwaye myeliite ya transverse barakira byibuze igice. Abagize ibitero bikomeye rimwe na rimwe basigara bafite ubumuga bukomeye.

Ibishimisho n'ibimenyetso bya transverse myelitis bisanzwe bigaragara mu masaha make cyangwa mu minsi mike, rimwe na rimwe bikagenda buhoro buhoro mu byumweru bike.

Transverse myelitis isanzwe igira ingaruka ku mpande zombi z'umubiri hepfo y'agace k'umugongo karimo ikibazo, ariko rimwe na rimwe hari ibimenyetso ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri.

Ibishimisho n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

• Kubabara. Kubabara kwa transverse myelitis bishobora gutangira k'umutwe mu mugongo. Ububabare bukabije bushobora kugenda bujya mu birenge cyangwa mu maboko cyangwa hafi y'ibituza cyangwa igifu. Ibimenyetso by'ububabare bitandukanye bitewe n'agace k'umugongo kagizweho ingaruka.
• Kumva nabi. Bamwe mu bantu barwaye transverse myelitis bavuga ko bumva bameze nk'abasinziriye, bagira ubukonje cyangwa ubushyuhe. Bamwe bagira uburibwe cyane iyo bambaye imyenda cyangwa iyo bahuye n'ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje bukabije. Ushobora kumva nk'aho hari ikintu gikwize umubiri w'ibituza, igifu cyangwa amaguru.
• Intege nke mu maboko cyangwa mu birenge. Bamwe mu bantu babona ko amaguru yabo ameze nk'aremereye, cyangwa ko bagwa cyangwa bakurura ikirenge kimwe. Abandi bashobora kugira intege nke cyane cyangwa ndetse no guhomba ubushobozi bwo kugenda.
• Ibibazo by'umwijima n'iby'amara. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gukenera kwinjira mu musarani kenshi, kudakora neza kw'umwijima, kugorana mu kunyara no guhumeka.

Hamagara muganga wawe cyangwa ubone ubuvuzi bwihuse bw'ubuhanga niba ufite ibimenyetso bya transverse myelitis. Indwara nyinshi z'imitsi zishobora gutera ibibazo by'imikurire, intege nke, no kudakora neza kw'umwijima cyangwa amara, harimo no gukanda umugongo, ibi bikaba ari ubutabazi bw'ubuganga. Impamvu indi idakunze kugaragara ni igihombo cy'umugongo kubera ikibazo cy'amaraso. Ibi bishobora guterwa no gufunga imiyoboro y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu mugongo, ibi bishobora kubaho mugikorwa cya aorta cyangwa kwiyongera kw'amaraso. Ni ngombwa kubona ibizamini byihuse no kuvurwa neza.

Impamvu nyakuri itera transverse myelitis ntirazwi. Rimwe na rimwe nta mpamvu izwi. 

Udukoko, bagiteri na fungi byanduza umugongo bishobora gutera transverse myelitis. Mu bihe byinshi, iyi ndwara iterwa n'uburwayi bw'umuriro igaragara nyuma yo gukira iyo ndwara.

Virusi bifitanye isano na transverse myelitis ni:

• Herpes viruses, harimo n'iyatera imitezi n'igicurane (zoster)
• Cytomegalovirus
• Epstein-Barr
• HIV
• Enteroviruses nka poliovirus na coxsackievirus
• West Nile
• Echovirus
• Zika
• Influenza
• Hepatitis B
• Mumps, measles na rubella

Virusi andi ashobora gutera reaction ya autoimmune ataanduza umugongo.

Udukoko dukoramo indwara zifitanye isano na transverse myelitis harimo:

• Lyme disease
• Syphilis
• Tuberculosis
• Actinomyces
• Pertussis
• Tetanus
• Diphtheria

Udukoko two mu ruhu, gastroenteritis na pneumonia zimwe na zimwe zishobora gutera transverse myelitis.

Gake, udukoko duto n'udukoko twa fungi bishobora kwanduza umugongo.

Hariho imimerere myinshi iterwa n'uburwayi bw'umuriro isa nkaho itera iyi ndwara:

• Sclerosis nyinshi ni uburwayi aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri busenya myelin izengurutse imiyoboro y'umuvuduko mu mugongo no mu bwonko. Transverse myelitis ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cya sclerosis nyinshi cyangwa ikaba ikimenyetso cy'uko uburwayi bugarutse. Transverse myelitis nk'ikimenyetso cya sclerosis nyinshi isanzwe itera ibimenyetso ku ruhande rumwe gusa rw'umubiri.
• Neuromyelitis optica (indwara ya Devic) ni uburwayi butera umuriro no kubura myelin hafi y'umugongo n'imijyana y'amaso ituma amakuru ajya mu bwonko. Transverse myelitis ifitanye isano na neuromyelitis optica isanzwe igira ingaruka ku mpande zombi z'umubiri.

Uretse transverse myelitis, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byangiza myelin y'umutima w'amaso, harimo kubabara mu jisho iyo ryimutse no kubura kubona by'igihe gito. Ibi bishobora kubaho hamwe cyangwa ukwayo ugereranyije n'ibimenyetso bya transverse myelitis. Ariko kandi, bamwe mu bantu barwaye neuromyelitis optica ntibagira ibibazo bifitanye isano n'amaso kandi bashobora kugira gusa ibimenyetso byisubiramo bya transverse myelitis.

• Uburwayi bwa autoimmune bishobora gutera transverse myelitis mu bantu bamwe. Ibi burwayi harimo lupus, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'umubiri, na Sjogren's syndrome, itera umunwa n'amaso gukama cyane.

Transverse myelitis ifitanye isano n'uburwayi bwa autoimmune ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uburwayi bwa neuromyelitis optica. Neuromyelitis optica igaragara cyane mu bantu barwaye izindi ndwara za autoimmune.

• Inkingo z'indwara zandura rimwe na rimwe zifitanye isano n'impamvu ishoboka. Ariko, kuri iki gihe isano ntabwo ikomeye bihagije kugira ngo habeho kugabanya urukingo urwo arirwo rwose.
• Sarcoidosis ni uburwayi butera umuriro mu bice byinshi by'umubiri, harimo umugongo n'umutima w'amaso. Ishobora kumera nka neuromyelitis optica, ariko ibimenyetso bya sarcoidosis bisanzwe bitinda kugaragara. Impamvu ya sarcoidosis ntiyumvikana.

Abantu bafite transverse myelitis bakunze kugira ikibazo kimwe gusa. Ariko kandi, ingaruka mbi zikunze gukomeza, zirimo izi zikurikira:

• Ububabare, bumwe mu bubabare bukaze kandi burambye bw'iyi ndwara.
• Ubugufi, gukomera cyangwa gucika intege kw'imikaya (gucika intege kw'imikaya). Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu kibuno no mu maguru.
• Ubumuga bw'amaboko, amaguru cyangwa yombi, ubwo bumuga bushobora kubaho nyuma y'ibimenyetso bya mbere.
• Guhindagurika mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri transverse myelitis. Abagabo bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubura ubushake cyangwa kudakora imibonano mpuzabitsina. Abagore bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kudakora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
• Kwiheba cyangwa guhangayika, ibi bikunze kugaragara ku barwaye igihe kirekire kubera impinduka zikomeye mu mibereho, umunaniro uterwa n'ububabare burambye cyangwa ubumuga, n'ingaruka zo guhindagurika mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ku mibanire.

Muganga azamenya transverse myelitis bishingiye ku bisubizo byawe ku bibazo bijyanye n’ibimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe y’ubuzima, isuzuma ry’umubiri ry’imikorere y’imishitsi, n’ibisubizo by’ibizamini. Ibi bizamini, bishobora kugaragaza ububabare bw’umugongo kandi bikakuraho izindi ndwara, birimo ibi bikurikira:

Gusukura umuti (spinal tap) hakoreshejwe igishishwa kugira ngo hakurweho akantu gato k’amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF), amazi arinda umugongo n’ubwonko.

Mu bamwe bafite transverse myelitis, amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) ashobora kugira umubare munini w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso yera cyangwa poroteyine z’ubudahangarwa zigaragaza ububabare. Amazi yo mu mugongo ashobora kandi gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa kanseri zimwe na zimwe.

Ibizamini by’amaraso bishobora kuba harimo ikizamini kigenzura antikorora zijyanye na neuromyelitis optica, uburwayi bubamo ububabare haba mu mugongo no mu mishinga y’amaso. Abantu bafite ikizamini cy’antikorora cyiza bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibitero byinshi bya transverse myelitis kandi bakeneye kuvurwa kugira ngo birinde ibitero by’ejo hazaza.

Ibindi bizamini by’amaraso bishobora kumenya indwara zishobora gutera transverse myelitis, cyangwa gukuraho izindi mpamvu z’ibimenyetso.

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ikoresha ikirere cya magnetike n’amahano ya radiyo kugira ngo ikore amashusho ya 3D y’imiterere yoroheje. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ishobora kwerekana ububabare bw’umugongo n’izindi mpamvu zishoboka z’ibimenyetso, harimo n’ibihungabanya umugongo cyangwa imiyoboro y’amaraso.

• Gusukura umuti (spinal tap) hakoreshejwe igishishwa kugira ngo hakurweho akantu gato k’amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF), amazi arinda umugongo n’ubwonko.

  Mu bamwe bafite transverse myelitis, amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) ashobora kugira umubare munini w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso yera cyangwa poroteyine z’ubudahangarwa zigaragaza ububabare. Amazi yo mu mugongo ashobora kandi gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa kanseri zimwe na zimwe.

• Ibizamini by’amaraso bishobora kuba harimo ikizamini kigenzura antikorora zijyanye na neuromyelitis optica, uburwayi bubamo ububabare haba mu mugongo no mu mishinga y’amaso. Abantu bafite ikizamini cy’antikorora cyiza bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibitero byinshi bya transverse myelitis kandi bakeneye kuvurwa kugira ngo birinde ibitero by’ejo hazaza.

  Ibindi bizamini by’amaraso bishobora kumenya indwara zishobora gutera transverse myelitis, cyangwa gukuraho izindi mpamvu z’ibimenyetso.